Power System Operation and Control

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us 15EE81
Eighth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, Aug.lSept.2020

Power System Operation and Control
Time: 3 hrs. Max. Marks: 80
Note: i) For Regular Students: Answer any FIVE full questions irrespective of modules.
ii) For Arrear Students : Answer any FIVE full questions, choosing ONE full question
from each module.
Module-l
1 a. Briefly describe the major components of a SCADA system. (08 Marks)
b. What are the various transducers used in power system SCADA? (04 Marks)
c. Discuss the various options available for communication in SCADA. (04 Marks)
2 a. Draw the flowchart for the priority list method of unit commitment and explain. (08 Marks)
b. Draw and explain the flowchart for the forward dynamic programming algorithm. (08 Marks)
Module-2
3 a. Explain algorithm for hydro thermal scheduling using Discrete Time Interval method.
(10 Marks)
b. Draw flow chart for 8-A interactions. (06 Marks)
4 a. What are the functions of AGC? (04 Marks)

b. Draw the block diagram of steam turbine governing system and explain the functions of the
various components. (08 Marks)
c. What are the two modes of governor operation and explain. (04 Marks)
Module-3
5 a. Derive the transfer function for the complete ALFC block. (08 Marks)
b. Two generators rated 1000 MW and 500 MW are operating on parallel with a droop of 5%
and 4% respectively. The frequency in 1 PU, 50 HZ at no-load. How is a load of 800 MW
shared between them? At what frequency? (08 Marks)
6 a. Draw the block diagram of a two area system with primary control loop. (08 Marks)
b. The data of a two area system are as follows,
Area I: PG, = 1000 MW, R, = 0.015, 0, = 0
Area 2: PG2 = 10000 MW, R2 = 0.0015,02 = 0
An increase of 10 MW takes place in area 1. Determine the change in frequency, ACE and
the appropriate control action. (08 Marks)
Module-4
7 a. Two control areas of capacity 1500 MW and 10000 MW are interconnected through the
u tie-line. The parameters of each area on its own capacity are R = 1 Hz/PUMW and
o
z D = 0.02 PVMW/Hz. There is an increase of 200 MW. In load of area 2. Determine the
steady state frequency deviation and change in tie-line power. (08 Marks)
b. What are the tie-line oscillations? What determines the frequency of these oscillations?
(08 Marks)
lof2

15EE81
8 a. Explain generation and absorption of reactive power in electrical power system. (06 Marks)
b. 3 - generating stations are connected to a common bus-bar X, as shown on Fig.Q8(b) for a
particular system load, the line voltage at the bus bar falls by 2 KY. Calculate the reactive
power injection required to bring back the voltage to the original value. All PU values are on
a 500 MY A base.
t\ l".tPIJ ;Q c,
~~~t1Om---J
T
lA..A.-J ,
-.1o·L}1)
1.1 ~ "..)
Fig.Q8(b) (10 Marks)
Module-5
9 a. Explain the factors affecting power system security. (06 Marks)
b. With the help offlow chart, explain the contingency analysis. (10 Marks)
10 a. Explain calculation oflinear sensitivity factor and contingency ranking. (08 Marks)
b. What are state variables? (02 Marks)
c. Describe the D.C. State estimator. (06 Marks)
*****
20f2

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SRI SAIRAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING.
SRI SAIRAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING.
SRI SAIRAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
USN 10EE82
Eighth Semester BoE.Degree ExanlinatiOil Dec.2018/Jan。 2019

Power System Operation and Control
Time:3 hrs. Max. Marks: 100
Note: Answer FIVE full questions, selecting
at least fWOfull questionsfrom each part.
ｏ〇一
PART _ A
一ｏに﹄
1 a. What is energy control center? Explain the functions of energy control center. (06 Marks)
。一●″
b. With block diagram, explain the digitalcomputer configuration of the SCADA system.
〓∽“０〇一
c. Explain the parallel operation of generator with infinite bus. l31 il:Hl
●０● ｏＯ一
∽ｏ∞“α 〓Ｃ“ 一０ “Ｃ︼〓︼
2 a. What is automatic voltage regulator? Obtain the mathematical modeling of exciter.

〓≧′＾
(07 Marks)
b. Two areas are interconnected.The generatingcapacityof A is 36,000 MW and its regulating
〇い＝ ∞＋Ｎヾ．
characteristic is 1.5% of capacity/0.1 Hz. fuea-D has a generating capacity of 40,000MW

and its reguiating characteristic is I .0%oof capacity/0.lHz. Find each areas share of a +400
“Ｃ口ｏ﹄ｏこ一口ｏ ∽ｏ口〓 ∽∽ｏ﹂ｏ一
MW disturbance occurring in D and the resulting tie line flow. (05 Marks)
ぃｏＣｏ一
c.Explain‐ ■ e static pcrfollllance ofthc Automatた Vokagc Regulator(AVR)loop.(08 Marks)

一■ ′∽ＣＣ“”●げ０﹄
，
3 a.What is Automatic Load Frequency Control(ALFC)?.Obtain the mathematical modcling to

close the ALFC loop. (06 Marks)
b. With block diagram. explain the static response of two area system. (10 Marks)
c. Determine the primarl'ALFC loop parameters for a control area having the follo'*'ing data:
Ｃヽ０﹂“﹄
”●ｏ¨”一０ ‘ぉ“０バ〓﹂ｏ∽一
Total rated area capacity P,: 2000MW

Normaloperating load P$ = l000MW
ｏ一“う一
Inertia constant H : 5.Osec

“＞ｏｏ一︻
Regulation R = 2.4Hzlpu MW
Frequency f= 60 Hz
”ｏα。Ｃぃ
● ＱＥＯｏ．
Take DPS =tOMWanddf: A.6Hz. (04 Marks)

ｏＣ一
∽﹄ｏ ′∽ｑ“ ﹄う０︵ ¨ 口〓０一。日００こ︵︶︼ ¨ｏ一ｏフ︵一Ｃ●〓０一“〓
Derive an expression to relate voltage, power and reactive power at a node.

一●０に一
(06 Marks)
，
b. Explain the method of voltage control by

一Ｃ０〇一ヽｏ¨Ｃ〓”ｏ＞ｏ﹄＾●イヽ
i) Shunt capacitor and reactor

ii) Synchronouscompensator. (07 Marks)
c. With PV diagram, explain the phenomina of voltage collapse. (07 Marks)
PART - B
5 a. What is unit commitment? E4plain the constraints in solving the unit commitment problem.
Ｎ
(10 Marks)
b. With the help of flow chart. explain the dynamic programming technique. (10 Marks)
6 a. What is system security? Explain the securitl'constrained optimal power flow. (06 Marks)
b. With the help of flow chart. explain the contingency analysis. (08 Marks)
c. Explain the DC load flow technique for contingency analysis. (06 Marks)
l of2
10EE82
What is state estimation? Explain the power system state estimation. (10 Marks)
Explain the least square technique. (10 Marks)
8 a. Define reliability. Explain the mode of failures in a system. (05 Marks)

b. Derive the following reliability expression:
i) Reliability index.
ii) Steady state reliability expression.
iii) Ceneral reliability expression. (08 Marks)
C. With flow chart, explain the loss of load probability. (07 Marks)
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SRI SAI RAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING.
SRI SAI RAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING.
SHIRDI SAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
SHIRDI SAI ENGG COLLEGE
nload VTU Connect Android Application From Google Play Store & Visit https://vtuconnect.in for m
nload VTU Connect Android Application From Google Play Store & Visit https://vtuconnect.in for m

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Eighth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, Aug.lSept.2020

Time: 3 hrs. Max. Marks: 80

4 a. What are the functions of AGC? (04 Marks)

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VTU Connect Android App Download Now On Google Play Store

Eighth Semester BoE.Degree ExanlinatiOil Dec.2018/Jan。 2019

2 a. What is automatic voltage regulator? Obtain the mathematical modeling of exciter.

characteristic is 1.5% of capacity/0.1 Hz. fuea-D has a generating capacity of 40,000MW

c.Explain‐ ■ e static pcrfollllance ofthc Automatた Vokagc Regulator(AVR)loop.(08 Marks)

3 a.What is Automatic Load Frequency Control(ALFC)?.Obtain the mathematical modcling to

Total rated area capacity P,: 2000MW

Inertia constant H : 5.Osec

Take DPS =tOMWanddf: A.6Hz. (04 Marks)

Derive an expression to relate voltage, power and reactive power at a node.

b. Explain the method of voltage control by

i) Shunt capacitor and reactor

8 a. Define reliability. Explain the mode of failures in a system. (05 Marks)

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