Flow Advection

What happens if we make the coefficient of

one neighboring point larger than the others?

(TW)+(TE)+(TN)+(TS)=(1+1+1+1)TP
This means that [S] side has a higher
strength in affecting the value at point [P]

(TW)+(TE)+(TN)+(2TS)=(1+1+1+2)TP
How does such increase in the coefficient
value for one of the neighboring points take
place?
 Heat Flux
At steady state Qadvection2
Qconduction2
and when both
Qadvection3 Qadvection4
conduction
and advection Qconduction3 Qconduction4
are considered
Qadvection1 Qconduction1

Qconduction1+Qconduction2 +Qconduction3+Qconduction4
Qadvection1+Qadvection2 +Qadvection3+Qadvection4
=0
 V
U
If U, V>0
Per unit depth normal to the page
• Heat flow through the left face into point {P}
• =[K ∆y(TW-TP)/∆x]+ρU∆yCpTW
 Heat flow through the right face into point {P}
 =[K ∆y(TE-TP)/∆x]-ρU∆yCpTp
 Heat flow through the bottom face into point {P}
 =[K ∆x(TS-TP)/∆y]+ρV∆xCpTS
 Heat flow through the upper face into point {P}
 =[K ∆x(TN-TP)/∆y]-ρV∆xCpTP
 If Δy=Δx=1

• Heat flow through the left face into point {P}

• =[K (TW-TP)]+ρUCpTW
 Heat flow through the right face into point {P}
 =[K (TE-TP)]-ρUCpTp
 Heat flow through the bottom face into point {P}
 =[K (TS-TP)]+ρVCpTS
 Heat flow through the upper face into point {P}
 =[K (TN-TP)]-ρVCpTP
 TW(K+ρUCp)+TE(K)+Ts(K+ρVCp)+TN(K)
-TP(4K+ρUCp+ρVCp)=0

• Heat flow through the left face into point {P}

• =[K (TW-TP)]+ρUCpTW
 Heat flow through the right face into point {P}
 =[K (TE-TP)]-ρUCpTp
 Heat flow through the bottom face into point {P}
 =[K (TS-TP)]+ρVCpTS
 Heat flow through the upper face into point {P}
 =[K (TN-TP)]-ρVCpTP
 TW(K+ρUCp)+TE(K)+Ts(K+ρVCp)+TN(K)
-TP(4K+ρUCp+ρVCp)=0

TP=TW(K+ρUCp)+TE(K)+Ts(K+ρVCp)+TN(K)
/(4K+ρUCp+ρVCp)
Since this is true only when U,V>0, Let’s write
the expression for Tp as:
TP=TW(K+ρ[max(U,0)]Cp)+TE(K)
+Ts(K+ρ[max(V,0)]Cp)+TN(K)
/(4K+ρ[max(U,0)]Cp+ρ[max(V,0)]Cp)
This means that the temperature is no longer the
average of the neighboring temperatures
but instead it becomes another function
which pronounces more contribution by the
sides from which the flow is coming.

TP=TW(K+ρ[max(U,0)]Cp)+TE(K)
+Ts(K+ρ[max(V,0)]Cp)+TN(K)
/(4K+ρ[max(U,0)]Cp+ρ[max(V,0)]Cp)
 If U, V<0 U
• Heat flow through the left face into point {P}
• =[K (TW-TP)]-ρUCpTP V
 Heat flow through the right face into point {P}
 =[K (TE-TP)]+ρUCpTE
 Heat flow through the bottom face into point {P}
 =[K ∆x(TS-TP)]-ρVCpTP
 Heat flow through the upper face into point {P}
 =[K ∆x(TN-TP)]+ρVCpTN

TW(K)+TE(K+ρUCp)+Ts(K)+TN(K+ρVCp)
-TP(4K+ρUCp+ρVCp)=0
TP=TW(K)+TE(K+ρUCp)+Ts(K)+TN(K+ρVCp)
/(4K+ρUCp+ρVCp)
Since this is true only when U,V<0, Let’s write
the expression for Tp as:
TP=TW(K)+TE(K+ρ[max(-U,0)]Cp)
+Ts(K)+TN(K+ρ[max(-V,0)]Cp)
/(4K+ρ[max(-U,0)]Cp+ρ[max(-V,0)]Cp)

TP=TW(K)+TE(K+ρUCp)+Ts(K)+TN(K+ρVCp)
/(4K+ρUCp+ρVCp)
 To write a generic expression for Tp at any
values of U and V, we combine the two
expressions as follows:

TP=TW(K+ρ[max(U,0)]Cp)+ TE(K+ρ[max(-U,0)]Cp)
+Ts(K+ρ[max(V,0)]Cp)+ TN(K+ρ[max(-V,0)]Cp)
/(4K+ρ[max(U,0)]Cp+ρ[max(-U,0)]Cp+
+ρ[max(V,0)]Cp+ρ[max(-V,0)]Cp)
 Combining
I notice the two
something thatHeat flows
V
 [K ∆y[{(TE-Tnice
is physically P)-(Tp-Tw)}/∆x]-ρU∆yCp [Tp-Tw]
U
For example If U, V>0
K[(dT-dT)/dx]/∆x
Per unit depth normal to-ρUC p[dT]/∆x
the page
Heat
• If flow
each through
of these twothe left is
terms face into point
divided {P}
by ∆y∆x
• =[K ∆y(TW-TP)/∆x]+ρU∆yCpTW
Heat flow through the-ρU∆yC
 K∆y[(dT-dT)/dx] right face into point {P}
p[dT]
 =[K ∆y(TE-TP)/∆x]-ρU∆yCpTp
 Heat flow through the bottom face into point {P}
 =[K ∆x(TS-TP)/∆y]+ρV∆xCpTS
 Heat flow through the upper face into point {P}
 =[K ∆x(TN-TP)/∆y]-ρV∆xCpTP
K[(dT-dT)/dx]/∆x -ρUCp[dT]/∆x

∂ ∂
[ ρ.u.C pT ]+ [ ρ.V .C pT ]=
∂x ∂y

∂ ∂T ∂ ∂T
[ K ]+ [ K ]
∂x ∂x ∂y ∂y