Semi Citw

LEARNING ACTIVITY # 13 CitW
Name: Score
Program / Course: BSED – Communication in the Workplace Name of Instructor: Hazel A. Gamasan
Year & Section: Contact No. / FB Account:
Residential Address:
Type of Activity (check or choose from below)
Concept Notes Laboratory Report Portfolio
Skills: Exercise / Drill Illustration Others:___________________
Activity Title : Basic Principles of Writing
Learning Target : Identify and explain the basic principles of writing.
: Apply the basic principles of writing in sentence construction.
References (Author, Title, Pages) : Fundamentals of Business Communication, Efren F. Abulencia, pp. 9-11
CONCEPT NOTES:
BASIC PRINCIPLES of WRITING
There are three basic principles of writing, namely: unity, coherence, and emphasis. These will serve as
our basic guides as we go through the writing process.
1) Unity. It means consistency or oneness. A sentence has unity if it expresses only one main idea.
a. Consistency of Tense. Tense means time. Consistency of tense or unit of tense may be achieved by
observing proper tense sequence.
Example: The goods will be shipped tonight, and they will reach Zamboanga City at early dawn.
b. Consistency of Voice. Voice is that aspect of the verb which indicates whether the subject performs
the action (active) or receives it (passive). Use the same voice through the sentence
Example: If you have already remitted your payment, please disregard this message.
c. Consistency of Mood. Mood is an aspect of the verb which indicates whether the action or condition
is factual (indicative), or contrary to fact (subjunctive). Maintain the same mood throughout the
sentence.
Examples: The secretary hopes she can finish her work before the deadline comes. (Indicative)
Albert wishes that he were the boss. (Subjunctive)
d. Consistency of subject. Avoid unnecessary shifts of subjects in a sentence.
Example: The janitors worked fast, and soon they were done with their duties ahead of time.
e. Consistency of Number and Person. The pronoun will have to agree in number and person with its
antecedent.
Example: Everyone in the department played his part well.
f. Consistency of Ideas. Maintain consistency of ideas by excluding loosely related or irrelevant ideas
from the sentence by avoiding too many details and by using proper connective or conjunctive word to
relate the ideas expressed in the sentence.
Example: As the Department Head, I report to the office on time because I would like to set an example
to my subordinates.
g. Consistency of Tone. Tone refers to the style or manner of expression. Maintain the consistency of
tone throughout the sentence.
Example: The Soroptimist International held a ball in honor of the new members.
h. Consistency of Language. This refers to the use of the same language throughout the sentence. If a
foreign term has been used, it should be either enclosed in quotation marks or underlined to maintain the
consistency of language within the sentence.
Example: The “mamaya na” attitude is common among our government employees.
2) Coherence. It means the quality of putting ideas together. Make sure that modifiers are placed closely to
the words they modify. Misplaced modifiers will result in an incoherent sentence.
Examples: We have just opened our scenic hotel in Pagudpod, Ilocos Norte.
The young business executive brings with him fresh perspectives.
3) Emphasis. To secure emphasis within the sentence, there are several strategies or techniques. One can
emphasize the positive aspects of the situation in a variety of ways:
a) State the information positively. Emphasize what you will do rather than what you will not do.
b) Justify the negative information by giving reason or linking it to the reader’s benefits.
c) Eliminate negative words. Omit negative statements that are unimportant.
d) Put negative information in the middle of the paragraph rather than in the first or last paragraph.
e) Use the passive voice and impersonal words in sentence construction to avoid assigning blame.
f) Highlight the most important idea by using italics, by underlining it, or by writing the same in
bold print.
g) Repeat the most important idea in the paragraph.
THIS FORM IS FOR INSTITUTIONAL PURPOSES ONLY

Attachment
EXERCISES: Practice Set
A. Supply the correct tense of the verbs in the parentheses. Write your answers on the blanks below the
paragraph.
Why are most people left-handed? The left of our brain (1.be) _________ connected to the right side of
the body. The nerve cells (2. Carry) _________ messages from the brain. Signals from the left brain (3. Go)
_________ to the right side of the body and vice-versa. In most people, the left side of the brain (4. Be)
_________ dominant over the right. As the left brain (5. Brain) _________ movement in the right side of the
body, most people have therefore better control with their right hand.
B. Choose the correct form of the verb in the parenthesis.

1. News (spread, spreads) rapidly.
2. The orchestra (play, plays) magnificently.
3. Stalactites or stalagmites (form, forms) inside limestone caves.
4. Uranium or other chemical elements (contain, contains) atoms.
5. A number of suggestions (was taken, were taken) by the speaker wholeheartedly.
C. Change the passive voice to the active voice.

1. The old car was painted by the technicians.
ANSWER:
2. The overgrown trees trimmed by the power company.
ANSWER:
3. The books were placed in the incorrect positions by Dora.
ANSWER:
4. The pattern was cut too small by Alex.
ANSWER:
5. The food was catered by Max’s Restaurant.
ANSWER:
D. Change the negative statements to positive statements.

1. Do not use negative words in your messages.
ANSWER:
2. Do not hesitate to call us when you need additional information.
ANSWER:
3. Never fail to clean your work area before you leave each day.
ANSWER:
4. Do not forget to lock the door when you leave.
ANSWER:
5. Do not use the express lane if you have more than ten items in your shopping cart.
ANSWER:

Name: Score
Activity Title : The Writing Process
Learning Target : Identify and explain the steps involved in the writing process
: Apply the concepts learned in the activity
CONCEPT NOTES:
THE WRITING PROCESS
Letter writing, according to Baugh (1994), involves a three-step process. Make sure that business letters
are recipient-based rather than writer-based. Aside from the writer’s own interests and purposes, needs,
concerns, and aspirations of the readers must also be considered.
A simple three-step process: prewriting, writing and revising, help in creating reader-based letters that
communicate effectively and produce better results.
1) PREWRITING – involves answering the four key questions of letter writing:
What is my purpose?
Who is my audience? (Audience refers to the recipient of the letter)
What should the letter cover be?
What desired action or response do I want?
2) WRITING – involves writing the rough copy all the way through to the end. The first draft is just a
working draft. Just write until the letter is finished.
3) REVISING – means reading the draft and organizing the letter so that it flows logically from point to
point. Check for grammatical lapses, double-check the accuracy of facts and figures, eliminate
unnecessary words and irrelevant ideas, and proofread or edit the final copy.
EXERCISE:
Why do you think it is essential that we have to go through the writing process?

Name: Score
Activity Title : Presentation of the Letter Proper
Learning Target : Identify and apply the rules on how letter is presented on paper.
CONCEPT NOTES and EXAMPLES

Presentation of the Letter Proper
They say that first impressions last. This is likewise true in business letter writing. A letter’s appearance
makes the first impact on readers and can influence their state of mind when they absorb its contents. The letter
writer, therefore, should be cautious on how the letter is presented on paper.
1) Margins
No letterhead: equal margin – top and bottom
With letterhead: top margin should be wider than that of the bottom
The two side margins should be equal (1 inch – 11/2 inches)
Margins at the bottom should be 11/2 times bigger than those on the sides.
Margins at the top and bottom should not be less than 11/2 inches, 2 inches is better
2) Spacing
There should be double-spacing between paragraphs and between other units. Body of short letters may
be double-spaced, but others must be single-spaced
3) Punctuation
a) Open – has no punctuation after the salutation or complimentary close
Example: salutation – Dear Miss Gamasan
Complimentary close - Sincerely
b) Closed or Mixed punctuation – contains a colon (:) after the salutation and a comma (,) after the
complimentary close
Example: salutation – Dear Ms. Gamasan:
Complimentary close – Sincerely,
4) Forms of indention
Indented form
a) Fully block form: All parts of the letter flush with the left hand margin of the page
b) Block form (Modified Block): heading, complimentary close, and signature should be at the right
c) Semi-block form: same as the block form, only the paragraphs are indented
d) Hanging or overhanging form: same as the block form, only that the lines following the first line of
every paragraph are indented

5) Essential Parts of the Letter
a) Heading, which may be of two kinds:
i. Modern: letterhead and date
ii. Conventional: address and date
b) Inside address
c) Salutation
d) Body
e) Complimentary close
f) Signature
g) Miscellaneous parts:
i. Attention line
ii. Subject line
iii. Reference or file line
6) Mailing and Carbon Copy Notations
When a writer wishes to say that a carbon copy of the letter is being mailed to another person, a notation
copy or c.c. may precede the name of the person to whom the letter is being mailed with the appropriate title
and should be written flush with the left-hand margin below all other notations.
7) Folding the Letter
It depends upon the size of the stationery and the style of the envelope used.
8) Addressing the Envelope
The envelope should always have the sender’s return address. The outside should be the same as the inside
address and should be double-spaced. The expression Air Mail, Special Delivery, Registered should be written
in capital letters above the address in the upper right.
Other expressions are typed in the lower left-hand corner.
The following titles are used in business letters:
a) Mr. – is used in addressing a man who has no other title, or whose special title is unknown to the
writer.
b) Ms. – is used in addressing four classes of women: Unmarried women, Women celebrities, Women
whose status are not known, Female divorcee
c) Mrs. – is the abbreviation of the word mistress. It is used in addressing a married woman, a widow,
or divorcee
d) Dr. – is used in addressing one who holds a doctor’s degree in any branch of studies. When used in
general sense, it always precedes the name of the person, but if it is used in a specific sense, it
follows the name of the person separated from it by a comma.
e) Professor – is used in addressing a member of a college or university faculty, either male or female
who holds the rank of professor, associate professor, and assistant professor. It is preferably written
in full. When used with the surname of the person alone, it is always written in full.
f) Honorable – is used in addressing high-ranking government officials and prominent ex-government
officials. The title is spelled in full preceded by the article “the” followed by the name, initials, and
surname of the person. When the abbreviation Hon. Is used, the article “the” is omitted.
g) Reverend – is used in addressing a member of the clergy. It is written in full preceded by the article
“the” followed by the name, initials, and surname of the person. The abbreviation Rev. should not be
preceded by “the”. When only the surname of the person is used, the title reverend is spelled in full
preceded by the article “the”.

Name: Score
Activity Title : Essential Parts of a Letter
Learning Target : Identify and describe each essential part of a letter.
: Write a letter using the standard form.
CONCEPT NOTES:
ESSENTIAL PARTS OF A LETTER
(Arranged according to standard form)
1. Letterhead or Return Address. If no printed letterhead is available, type your return address so that it
ends at the right-hand margin. Start one and one-half inches from the top.
2. Dateline. Place the dateline at the center two lines below the letterhead. If you type your return address,
type the date immediately below the last line of the address. The position of the dateline depends on the
style and the length of the letter.
3. Inside address. Put four to eight spaces below the dateline, place the name, title, and mailing address of
the person to whom you are writing. The inside address of the person to whom you are writing. The
inside address may require three, four, or five lines, each starting at the left margin. When addressing an
individual in a company, write his/her name followed by the company’s name.
4. Salutation. Write the salutation flush with the left margin two spaces below the inside address. If an
attention line is used, type the salutation two lines below the attention line.
5. Body. Begin the body two lines below the salutation. Either indent the first line of each paragraph five
spaces or start it the left margin. There should be double-spacing between paragraphs.
6. Complimentary close. Put the complimentary close two lines below the end of the body, starting five
spaces to the right of the center. Capitalize the first word and put a comma after the last. Note that the
complimentary close varies with the tone of the letter, as well as the degree of its formality.
7. Signature. Type your name four spaces directly below the complimentary close.
8. Written signature. Sign your name in the space between the complimentary close and the typed
signature.
In addition to these eight requisites, certain others are sometimes needed.
1. Identification line. When typing someone else’s letter, list that person’s initials followed by your own.
2. Enclosure. If you enclose anything with the letter, place an enclosure notation two spaces below the
identification line or typed signature.
3. Carbon Copy Notation. If anyone other than you and the addressee is to receive a copy of the letter,
include a carbon copy notation. Put it on the left margin two spaces below the previous notation.
4. Second page heading. If a letter requires more than one page, use plain paper instead of letterhead for
the second and subsequent pages. Leave a one inch margin at the top, type a second page heading, skip
three spaces, and then continue the letter.
EXERCISE:
Assume that you are the Marketing Head of Eastern Quezon College, write a Campaign Letter to the
different school heads to invite their Grade 12 graduating students to enroll at EQC.
Consider all the pointers that you have learned from LAS 15 – 17 in preparing your output. Present your
letters in long bond paper (8.5x13). Make sure that the letter has all the essential parts discussed
Note: Same content but different format (full block, block, semi-block and overhanging)

Name: Score
Activity Title : Types of Letter Style/Layout (Full-Block Format)
Learning Target : Identify the features of a full-block letter format
: Differentiate the types of letter format
: Apply the format learned.
CONCEPT NOTES:
TYPES OF LETTER STYLE/LAYOUT
1) Full - block Style. A letter set in the full-block style is distinguished by the absence of any indention; all
structural parts begin flush with the left margin, which gives a neat, uniform appearance. This is
comparatively trouble-free construction because it requires very little tabulation. It is easier, for
example, to have the complimentary close and dateline aligned with the paragraphs at the extreme left
rather than shifted to the right.
2) Block Style. The block style differs from the full-block style in that the date and reference lines are
flush with the right margin and the complimentary close begins slightly to the right of the center of the
page. The inside address and the paragraphs are blocked, flush with the left margin. Open punctuation is
commonly used.
3) Semi-block Style. The semi-block style is like the block style except that the paragraphs are indented
five spaces. All spacing remains the same.
4) Hanging or overhanging form: same as the block form, only that the lines following the first line of
every paragraph are indented
EXAMPLE:
Please refer to the attachment for illustrative examples.
EXERCISE:
Direction: On a separate sheet of bond paper, rewrite the following entries to conform to the prescribed four (4)
letter formats.
1) ABC University
Rufino Towers, Herrera Street
Makati City
2) August 10, 2021
3) Mrs. Aurora Reyes
A. Bonifacio Drive
Mandaluyong City
4) Dear Mrs. Reyes,
5) Subject: Final Notice of Collection
6) Please be informed that the school fee of your son Jose Reyes has now reached Php. 31, 904.00 kindly
settle his account before the end of the second semester. We tried to communicate with you since
December of 2020 but you have not responded to any of our messages.
Thank you for your prompt attention.

7) Very truly yours,
8) Ma. Joan Sison
Head, Accounting Department
9) MJS:hag

Attachment
1) Full - block Style.
EXAMPLE: Heading
Inside Address
Salutation
Body of the Letter
Complimentary Close
Signature
2) Block Style.
EXAMPLE:
Heading
Inside Address
Salutation
Body of the Letter
Complimentary Close
Signature
3) Semi-block Style.
EXAMPLE:
Heading
Inside Address
Salutation
Body of the Letter
Complimentary Close
Signature
4) Hanging or overhanging form:

EXAMPLE: Heading
Inside Address
Salutation
Body of the Letter
Complimentary Close
Signature

Name: Score
Activity Title : Preparing a Memorandum
Learning Target : Identify and explain the parts of a memorandum
: discuss the advantages of memoranda
: Apply the theories learned
CONCEPT NOTES:
A memorandum or memo is generally used to communicate with people inside the organization. It is a
form of inter-office communication. According to Angell (2007), it is used to communicate changes in policy,
notifications, brief reports, queries, among other things.
Unlike the letter, the memo does not have an inside address, a salutation, and a complimentary close.
PARTS OF A MEMO
1. Heading – The memo stationery often has four headings: Date, To, From, and Subject. These are printed at
the top of the page beneath the letter head before the subject. These are all to be written in capital letters and
often bold. The order of the guide words, however, varies from company to company
2. Body – Use full block style for a memo; single spaced within paragraphs and double space between
paragraphs. Omit salutation and complimentary close. State your main point in the first sentence.
3. Enclosure Notation – An enclosure notation is typed at the bottom of the memo two lines below the
identification line.
4. Identification Line – Initials on an identification lie reveal who dictated and typed the memo.
In summary, it is to be emphasized that there are five points to consider in writing a memo (Lesikas, 2005):
a. It contains no inside address.
b. It has no personal opening or closing
c. Its subject matter is either announced or posted at the beginning
d. It usually requires no introduction or conclusion
e. It does not require a printed or penned signature of the writer of the memo at the end of the message.
THE ADVANTAGES OF A MEMORANDUM
Lahiff and Penrose (1997) identified the following distinct advantages:
1. A memorandum provides a written record. By referring to a memorandum at a later date, both receiver and
sender are reminded of specifics, such as date, individual responsibilities, and the deadlines.
2. A memorandum is suitable for transmitting complex information. When a spoken message contains a lot of
very specific details or is in some way complex, the listener has a difficulty of remembering it. Complicated
instructions are easily misunderstood. Consequently, a memorandum becomes an accurate memory jogger.
3. A memorandum can reach many persons simultaneously. If you must transmit information to a number of co-
workers, contacting each one individually is time-consuming. A memorandum, however, can reach a large
number of individuals easily.
EXAMPLE: (see attachment for the example)
EXERCISE:
Write a memo to your classmates about the deadline of submission of your final LAS and exam on June 14,
2021.

Attachment
Date: April 18, 2023

To: BSED SS and BEED Students
From: Dean of College of Education
Subject: Module Delivery Options Survey
_____________________________________________________________________________________
We are conducting a module deliver options survey this week among all BSED and BEED students. The
purpose of the survey is to determine the delivery option most preferred by the students. The results of the
survey will be used by Eastern Quezon College (EQC) to design a delivery method that reflects the needs and
desires of the students. We must receive completed surveys back from at least 75 % of the population to meet
the requirements.
The survey will be distributed Google Form on April 25. Please take a couple of minutes to fill out the survey
form. If you have questions, please talk to your program coordinator.
We will share the results with you in the school paper when they are completed.
Thanks for your participation,
The Dean of College of Education

Name: Score
Activity Title : Preparing Minutes of the Meeting
Learning Target : Identify and explain the basic parts of the minutes of the meeting
CONCEPT NOTES:
Minutes serve as official records of meetings or proceedings. It is always safe to follow the standard
format of a given organization.
PARTS: Name of the Organization
Date, Time, and Place
Presiding Officer:
Note Taker:
Attendees:
I. Call to Order
II. Approval of the Minutes
III. Matters Arising from the Minutes
IV. New Business Taken
V. Other Business
VI. Adjournment
EXAMPLE:
CHILD’S PLAY LEARNING CENTER
4th Monthly Board Meeting, April 21, 2022
Gumaca, Quezon
I. Call to Order
The meeting was called to order at exactly 3:30 PM
Members present were: (List the names of the attendees)
Members absent: (List the names of the absentees)
II. Approval of the Minutes
The minutes of the Board Meeting held at Coconut Palace, February 25, 2022 was approved and will be kept in
file as record.
III. Matters Arising from the Minutes
A. Dr. Brenda Galang reported that three solicitation letters signed by the Chairman, Dr. Manuel Escobar were
sent to the following government agencies:
Land Bank of the Philippines (LBP)
Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation (PAGCOR)
Duty Free Philippines (DFP)
B. Transportation Services for the Philippine Orientation Tour for foreign students were provided by Philippine
Tourism Authority. The activity rolled on with enthusiasm to Malolos, Bulacan.
C. The proposal to invite officials of the Bureau of immigration and Deportation to give lecture to foreign
students concerning admission procedures was cancelled.
IV. New Business Taken
A. The cash position was read and reported that as of February 15, 2022, a balance of eight million, fifty nine
thousand five hundred five and sixty nine centavos (P8,059, 505.69) was recorded.
B. The various chairmen of the different committees were requested to report next meeting on their planned
activities as well as the estimated amount of budget that they need.
NOTE: Matters arising from the minutes and new business taken may vary depending upon the number of agenda)
V. Other Business
The members of the Board gave serious attention to the prolonged absence of the treasurer, Dr. Henrietta
Juarez. The Board unanimously appointed Dr. Tomas Jacinto to the position of treasurer on a temporary capacity until the
arrival of Dr. Juarez who is reportedly on a study leave.
VI. Adjournment
There being no other matters to discuss, the meeting was adjourned at exactly 5:45 PM.
Recorded by:
BENITO S. FERMIN
Board Secretary

Name: Score
Activity Title : Digital Communication
Learning Target : Prepare and easy to read Email
CONCEPT NOTES:
E-mail stands for electronic mail. It means sending messages online wherein messages are transmitted
via communication networks. It is a system whereby a computer can exchange messages with other computer
users. It has the following advantages according to Rizvi (2008):
1) They make the message reach the reader by the wink of an eye.
2) It is more convenient
3) Stored in computer, the message can be received, retrieved, and modified anytime.
PREPARING EASY-TO-READ E-MAILS
1) Use font types size 11 to 12
2) Limit the number of characters per line to between 70 and 80
3) Use short and simple words, whenever possible
4) Prefer mostly short sentences. Keep your message short and direct to the point. Limit each e-mail
message to one subject only.
5) Avoid very long paragraphs
6) Put a space between paragraphs
7) Avoid the following: using bullets; prefer numbers, capitalizing all letters, using unnecessary
abbreviations or symbols.
8) At the end of the email, add contact information like phone number, address, fax number etc.
EXAMPLE:
From: AIM Admissions [mailto:aimexprograms@aim.edu]

Sent: Friday, April 09, 2023 9:43 AM
To: hazel_gamasan@yahoo.com
Cc: Ayalde, Ma. Luisa H. <MAyalde@AIM.EDU>; Regalado, Danica Marie S. <DRegalado@AIM.EDU>;
mourningglory25@yahoo.com
Subject: Acceptance Letter

Dear Hazel Ayangco Gamasan,
We are pleased to inform you that the Admissions Committee has accepted your application to the Top Management
Program for Private HEI Cohort 2 which will be held from May 23, 2023 to June 24, 2023.
For details about the program registration and time, you may contact the Marketing Officer assigned to your program.
We look forward to your participation in the program.
Thank you for choosing AIM.
Sincerely,
Liza Ayalde
Program Coordinator
Stephen Zuellig Graduate School of Development Management
DL +632 4651835
E mayalde@aim.edu
EXERCISE:
Write an email to me as your course instructor to inform that you are submitting your course requirements on a
specific date. Send your email to hazelgamasan74@gmail.com

Semi Citw

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LEARNING ACTIVITY # 13 CitW

THIS FORM IS FOR INSTITUTIONAL PURPOSES ONLY

B. Choose the correct form of the verb in the parenthesis.

C. Change the passive voice to the active voice.

D. Change the negative statements to positive statements.

THIS FORM IS FOR INSTITUTIONAL PURPOSES ONLY

THIS FORM IS FOR INSTITUTIONAL PURPOSES ONLY

CONCEPT NOTES and EXAMPLES

THIS FORM IS FOR INSTITUTIONAL PURPOSES ONLY

THIS FORM IS FOR INSTITUTIONAL PURPOSES ONLY

THIS FORM IS FOR INSTITUTIONAL PURPOSES ONLY

Thank you for your prompt attention.

THIS FORM IS FOR INSTITUTIONAL PURPOSES ONLY

Body of the Letter

Body of the Letter

Body of the Letter

4) Hanging or overhanging form:

Body of the Letter

THIS FORM IS FOR INSTITUTIONAL PURPOSES ONLY

THIS FORM IS FOR INSTITUTIONAL PURPOSES ONLY

Date: April 18, 2023

Thanks for your participation,

The Dean of College of Education

THIS FORM IS FOR INSTITUTIONAL PURPOSES ONLY

THIS FORM IS FOR INSTITUTIONAL PURPOSES ONLY

From: AIM Admissions [mailto:aimexprograms@aim.edu]

Thank you for choosing AIM.

THIS FORM IS FOR INSTITUTIONAL PURPOSES ONLY

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