Parts of for the

speech
Perla, Alberto, Vianey, Eduardo, Adria y Cristina
 Table of contents

01 Introduction 02 Nouns

03 Pronouns 04 Adjectives
 Table of contents

05 Verbs 06 Adverbs

07 Prepositions 08 Conjunctions
 Table of contents

09 Articles 10 Conclusion
 01
Introduction
 What Is a Part of Speech?
A part of speech is a category that
describes the role a word plays in a
sentence.

Parts of speech:
● Nouns ● Adverbs
● Pronouns ● Prepositions
● Adjetives ● Conjuctions
● Verbs ● Articles
 02
Nouns
 Nouns
Nouns are words that give a name to
people, places or things, though they
can also refer to ideas and other
abstract objects.

It's usually a single word, but not

always: cake, shoes, school bus, and
time and are all nouns.
Proper noun
A proper noun is a specific name of
a person, place, or thing, and is
always capitalized.
Common noun
A common noun is the generic name
of an item in a class or group and is
not capitalized unless appearing at
the beginning of a sentence or in a
title.
 Types of common nouns
Common nouns can be broken down into three subtypes: concrete nouns,
abstract nouns, and collective nouns.

A concrete noun is something that is perceived by the senses; something

that is physical or real. Keyboard, Apple, Clock.

Abstract nouns: a noun denoting an idea, quality, or state rather than a

concrete object. Love, peace, idea, health.

Collective noun denotes a group or collection of people or things.

Army, classroom, audience.

 Countable nouns vs. uncountable
nouns
Countable nouns are nouns which can be
counted, even if the number might be
extraordinarily high. Countable nouns can
be used with a/an, the, some, any, a few,
and many.
Uncountable nouns are nouns that come in
a state or quantity which is impossible to
count, they are always considered to be
singular, and can be used with some, any, a
little, and much.
 Possessive nouns
Possessive nouns are nouns which
possess something. You can identify a
possessive noun by the apostrophe;
most nouns show the possessive with an
apostrophe and an s.

The cat’s toy was missing.

 03
Pronouns
Pronouns
Pronouns are words that take the place of
nouns. We often use them to avoid repeating
the nouns that they refer to. Pronouns have
different forms for the different ways we use
them. A different pronoun is required
depending on two elements:

● The noun being replaced.

● The function that noun has in the
sentence.
 Subject Pronouns
1st person singular I Subject pronouns replace nouns that are
the subject of their clause. In the 3rd
2nd person singular You person, subject pronouns are often used
to avoid repetition of the subject's name.
3rd person singular He
She
Examples:
It

1st person plural We ● I am 16.

● You seem lost.
2nd person plural You
● We aren't coming.
● They don't like pancakes.
3rd person plural They
 Object Pronouns
1st person singular Me
Object pronouns are used to replace
2nd person singular You nouns that are the direct or indirect
object of a clause.
3rd person singular Him
her Examples:
It

1st person plural Us ● Give the book to me.

● Don't be angry with us.
2nd person plural You ● Tell them to hurry up!

3rd person plural Them

 Possessive Pronouns
1st person singular Mine Possessive pronouns replace possessive
nouns as either the subject or the object
2nd person singular Yours of a clause. Because the noun being
replaced doesn't appear in the sentence,
3rd person singular His it must be clear from the context.
Hers
Its
Examples:
1st person plural Ours
● This bag is mine.
2nd person plural Yours
● Yours is not blue.
● That car is ours.
3rd person plural Theirs
 Reflexive & intensive pronouns
1st person singular Myself
● Reflexive pronouns refer back to the
subject of the clause because the
subject of the action is also the direct
2nd person singular Yourself
or indirect object.
● Intensive pronouns emphasize the
3rd person singular Himself subject of a clause. They are not the
Herself
Itself
object of the action.

1st person plural Ourselves Examples:

● I told myself to calm down. *
2nd person plural Yourselves
● You cut yourself on this nail?*
● I made these cookies myself. ^
3rd person plural Theirselves
● You yourself asked Jake to come. ^
 04
Adjectives
 Adjectives
Adjectives are the words that
describe nouns in more detail.
Adjectives provide more information
about the characteristics of a person,
animal, or thing.
 Where do adjectives stand in a
sentence?
Adjectives are usually placed before They may also appear after verbs
the word that they modify such as be, seem, get, and become or
verbs that describe the sense such as
-Mike has got a well-paid job
feel, taste, look, and sound
-I have a black cat
-My cat is black
-An old man is sitting on that chair.
-The cake taste delicious
Adjectives: Ending in -ing and -ed
In English is possible to form adjectives from verbs, resulting in participle
adjectives. Adjectives ending in “-ing” describe the characteristic of
someone or something. In contrast, adjectives ending in “-ed” describe the
effect. Example “bored” and “boring”
-The presentation was boring
-She was very bored (by the presentation)
 Adjectives order
In English, the adjective order follows a pattern that is called DOSA-SCOMP
D: Determiner both, some, many, your (articles)
O: Opinion good, pretty, difficult, strange, funny
S: Size huge, tiny, little, large
A: Age young, old, six-year-old, antique, mature
S: Shape square, flat, triangular
C: Color blue, red, orange
O: Origin Mexican, French, Greek
M: Material silk, metallic, cotton
P: Purpose sleeping, running
Adjectives order
 05
Verbs
 Verbs
Verbs are words that indicate actions, existence
(to be), possession (to have) or mood,
performed by the noun or the subject in a
sentence.

Verbs can be change depending on the subject,

tense, mood or voice.
 For the subject
Verbs and subjects must agree in number.
If the subject is singular, the verb must also
be singular. If the subject is plural, the verb
must be plural. This is called subject-verb
agreement.
 For the tense
Verbs are also conjugated based on tense.
There are three main tenses in English:

Past (an action has taken place)

Present (an action is taking place)
Future (an action will take place)
For the mood
 For the voice
In a sentence written in the active voice,
the subject of sentence performs the
action. In a sentence written in the passive
voice, the subject receives the action.
 Types of verbs
action linking helping
express physical or express a state of being, They can be used to
mental actions. it connects the subject indicate tense, mood, and
think, eat, collide, realize, with the subject voice, or to form negative
dance. complement. statements (when we use
all the forms of the verb to be,
I finally realized my seem, become, be, look, taste,
“not” and “never”)
mistake. sound, etc. Be, do, have.
She dances every Friday
night. Loren seems anxious about Did you enjoy the meal?
the test. The door was locked.
Alicia has not spoken to me
for a week.
 06
Adverbs
 Adverbs
Is a word used to modify a verb, adjective, or
another adverb. They are usually modified by
telling how, when, where, why, under what
conditions, or to what degree.

An adverb is often formed by adding -ly to an

adjective.
 Modifying a…
verb
The girls ran quickly but
happily through the puddle.
They are moving her office
upstairs.
adjetive
The adverb usually clarifies
the degree or intensity of
the adjective.
Maria was almost finished
when they brought her an
exceptionally delicious
dessert.
Another adverb
The modifying adverb usually
clarifies the degree or
intensity of the other adverb.
Eating her lunch somewhat
cautiously, Carolyn tried to
ignore the commotion.
 07
Prepositions
 Prepositions
A preposition is a word or group of
words used to link nouns, pronouns
and phrases to other words.
Prepositions indicate relationships
between other words in a sentence.
Preposition of time
Preposition of place
Preposition of time and place
 08
Conjunctions
Conjunctions
A conjunction joins two words, ideas,
phrases or clauses together in a
sentence and shows how they are
connected.

For example:
● Daria likes swimming and hiking.
● You can choose what movie we watch because I chose the last time.
 Types of conjunctions
Coordinating conjunctions:
Used to connect items that are grammatically equal.

Subordinating conjunctions:
Used to introduce a dependent clause.

Correlative conjunctions:
Used in pairs to join grammatically equal parts of a sentence.
 Coordinating conjunctions
This type of conjunction is used to connect items that are grammatically
equal: two words, two phrases, or two independent clauses.

There are seven coordinating conjunctions:

 Examples
Words
Example:
● I don’t like to run or swim.

Phrases
Example:
● She usually studies in the library or at a cafe.

Independent clauses
Example:
● Today Jane Austen is one of the most widely read English novelists, but she
achieved little fame during her lifetime.
Subordinating conjunctions
This type of conjunction includes words like:
 Examples
Dependent clause
Example:
● I went to school without eating breakfast because I woke up late this morning.
 Correlative conjunctions
This type of conjunction always comes in a pair and is used to join
grammatically equal elements in a sentence.
 Examples
No comma should be used between the two elements.
Example:
● This is going to be either very good or very bad.
 09
Articles
 Articles
Articles are a type of
determiner that
come before a noun
to indicate the
specificity of the
noun being referred
to.
 Instructions:

Fill in the article a, an or

the where necessary.
Choose x where no article
is used.
Conclusion
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Thanks