Volcano

VOLCANO Magma
• An opening in the earth’s surface where molten • Molten rocks
rocks ,smoke,gases and ashes are erupted Phreatic or hydrothermal
Active volcanoes • Steam driven eruption; hot rocks come I
• Have a record of eruption within 600 years or contact with water ex: eruption of Taal
10,000 years Volcano
Inactive volcanoes Phreatomagmatic
• Have not erupted for 10,000 years • Violent eruption; magma contacts with water
• Physical form is being changed by weathering and Strombolian
erosion • Weak to violent eruption; fountain lava ex:
SummIt Irazu Volcano in Costa Rica
• Peak or highest point
Vulcanian
Slope
• Tall eruptions that reach 20 km; ashfall tephra
• Degree of slant; inclination
Ex. Paricutin Volcano in Mexico
Crater
Plinian
• Funnel shaped depression at the top of a volcano
• Excessively explosive type of eruption of gas
Caldera
and ptroclastics Ex: Pinatubo Volcano in
• Volcanic crater formed when a part of the wall of
Zambales
the crater collapses
Viscosity
• Resistance to flow
• High temperature-lower viscosity of magma
• High silica content-higher viscosity of magma
• Low gas- higher viscosity of magma
Cinder cone volcanoes
• Scoria cones; simplest type of volcano; steep slope,
wide crater. Ex: taal volcano in batangas philippines
Stratovolcanos
• Composite volcano; tall conical volcao; large
nearlyperfect slope; alternate solidification of lava
and proclastics. Ex:mt. Mayon in albay, philippines
Shieldvolcano
• Layers of lava ;non-viscos, can flow
freely;broad slightly domed
structure;resembles a warrior’s shield.
Ex. Mauna loa in hawaii
Lava domes
• Small, bulbons masses of lava; too viscos
to flow any great distance
Ash
• Fragments of rocks
Geothermal
• Heat coming inside the earth
Lava
• Magma that has been ejected ||vOLCano| 1
 CLIMATE
VOLCANO
ALTITUDE AFFECT TEMPERATURE
• Temperature decreases as the altitude increases
Active
• Have a record of eruption within 600 years or
10,000 years
Inactive volcanoes
• Have not erupted for 10,000 years
• Physical form is being changed by weathering and
erosion
SummIt
• Peak or highest point
Slope
• Degree of slant; inclination
Crater
• Funnel shaped depression at the top of a volcano
Caldera
• Volcanic crater formed when a part of the wall of
the crater collapses
Viscosity
• Resistance to flow
• High temperature-lower viscosity of magma
• High silica content-higher viscosity of magma
• Low gas- higher viscosity of magma
Cinder cone volcanoes
• Scoria cones; simplest type of volcano; steep slope,
wide crater. Ex: taal volcano in batangas philippines
Stratovolcanos
• Composite volcano; tall conical volcao; large
nearlyperfect slope; alternate solidification of lava
and proclastics. Ex:mt. Mayon in albay, philippines
Shieldvolcano
• Layers of lava ;non-viscos, can flow
freely;broad slightly domed
structure;resembles a warrior’s shield.
Ex. Mauna loa in hawaii
Lava domes
• Small, bulbons masses of lava; too viscos
to flow any great distance
Ash
• Fragments of rocks
Geothermal
• Heat coming inside the earth
Lava
• Magma that has been ejected
||vOLCano| 1