ASSIGNMENT 1

1.
a. List down 4 major component of normally aspirated engine.
1) Air Intake
2) Air Filter
3) Fuel Delivery System
4) Intake Manifold

b. Explain the function and purpose of each component.

Air intake (air scoop)
- Purpose ~ to direct as much as possible ram air pressure into carburetor or other fuel
metering devices.

Air Filter
- Purpose ~ to prevent any dust, sand, abrasive materials or other contaminants from
entering the cylinder.

Fuel Delivery System

- Purpose ~ to meter the correct amount of fuel/ air mixture enters the cylinder under all
operating conditions.

Intake/induction Manifold
- Purpose ~ to direct fuel and air mixture from fuel delivery system to each cylinders.

2.
a. What is the purpose of Supercharger?
Purpose :-
a) To increase the Manifold Absolute Pressure
(MAP) above atmospheric pressure 30 in Hg to
Provide high power output for takeoff
b) To increase the weight of fuel/air mixture
Delivered to engine cylinders
c) to increase the compression pressure
d) to sustain maximum power at high altitude

b. Explain supercharger disadvantages.

Supercharger consume large amount of engine power output for the amount of power
increase they produce .
3.
a. List down 5 major component of turbocharger.
The turbocharger consist of :
 compressor impeller
 compressor housing
 turbine assembly
 turbine housing
 bearing housing

b. Explain the operation of Absolute Pressure Controller (APC).

- when the upper deck pressure increases ;
> bellow expands
> variable restrictor valve open
> oil flow out from waste gate actuator
> spring pressure opens the waste gate

- when the upper deck pressure decreases ;

> bellow contract
> variable restrictor valve close
> restrict the oil pressure inside the actuator
> waste gate close
- when engine is not running ;
> no oil pressure in the actuator
> springs held the waste gate open
- capillary tube restrictor cause oil to flow out of the actuator faster than
Oil flow in
- bellow will expands whenever upper deck pressure is 1 inch above the
desired manifold pressure
- as aircraft climbs :
> air less dense , upper deck pressure drop
> bellow contract , restrictor valve close
> restricts oil flow out of actuator , oil pressure closes the waste gate
> increase turbocharger speed
> waste gate is fully close at critical altitude
> above critical altitude, manifold pressure drop

c. Explain the operation of Pressure Ratio Controller (PRC).

~ to monitor both ambient and upper deck
~ prevent turbocharger from boosting the upper deck pressure Higher than 2.2 times the
atmospheric pressure
Whenever upper deck pressure is 2.2 times higher than the atmospheric Pressure, the
restrictor valve will open, bleeds the oil from the Actuator back to engine, then the spring
pressure will open the waste Gate.

as back up to pressure controller, „pressure relief valve‟ is fitted to relief

upper deck pressure when it exceeds maximum rated pressure by 1 to
1.5 inches