Philosophies

of
Teaching

Submitted by: dennis p. javierto

Bpe-1
SUbmitted to: edelyn c. baguio

Philosophies of Teaching
Many people are intimidated by the word philosophy because they think it necessitates
specialized knowledge, is ethereal and incomprehensible, and concentrates on the most
abstract ideas and concepts of classical theories and thinkers. In reality, philosophy and the
philosophy of education refer to one of the oldest and most fundamental human endeavors—
thinking and pondering about basic and core ideas of life.
Furthermore, philosophy of teaching is a subfield of practical philosophy that deals with
philosophical questions that are raised by educational theory and instructional methods. It also
refers to an investigation of pedagogical and individual approaches to teaching and learning
from a fundamental philosophical perspective. Its topics can range from criticisms of more
concrete issues like standardized testing or the social, economic, and legal ramifications of
school funding to basic philosophical ones like the state of educational fairness. In addition, the
field of practical philosophy known as philosophy of teaching is focused on the moral questions
raised by educational theory and instructional strategies.

1.Behaviorism: This philosophy focuses on observable behaviors and the use of reinforcement
and rewards to shape and modify student behavior.
Scenario: In an elementary school, a teacher employs a behavior chart. Students receive
stickers for completing tasks, according to rules, and acting in a manner that is appropriate.
Students who have a set amount of stickers at the end of the week get a modest reward, such
extra free time or a small award.
2.Humanism: This philosophy emphasizes the importance of fostering students' emotional well-
being, self-esteem, and personal growth. It values student-centered approaches and recognizes
individual differences.
Scenario: In a high school English class, the instructor fosters a friendly and safe environment
where students feel free to express their thoughts and opinions. The instructor promotes open
discussions, lets the students pick the reading material that suits them best, and gives them the
chance to express themselves creatively and critically through writing.
3.Constructivism: This philosophy emphasizes the active role of learners in constructing their
own knowledge and understanding through hands-on experiences and interactions with their
environment.
Scenario: In a science class, the instructor plans a laboratory session where students will work
in small groups to plan and carry out experiments to explore a scientific idea. The teacher
facilitates the learning process by directing the pupils' enquiries and encouraging them to reflect
on their discoveries to build comprehension.
4.Critical Pedagogy: This philosophy focuses on developing students' critical thinking skills and
fostering their ability to analyze and question societal norms and power structures.
Scenario: Students are encouraged to critically analyze various points of view and assess the
effects of social, political, and economic systems while participating in conversations about
current events in social studies class. The instructor encourages students to consider questions
of justice, inequality, and human rights, giving them the tools they need to question the status
quo and take action for improvement.
5.Social Reconstructionism: This philosophy emphasizes the role of education in promoting
social change and addressing social inequalities and injustices.
Scenario: Discussing topics like poverty, discrimination, and environmental degradation are
encouraged in sociology classes by the instructor. The core causes of these issues should be
examined closely, and students should suggest remedies. To spread awareness and promote
beneficial social change, they could take part in volunteer work or advocacy campaigns