Name: Marilyn L.

Amaro BEED 2 B
Sub & Sched: Ped 15 ( T-TH 7:30 – 9:00 AM)

Essay
Direction: Describe and explain what would be the context of Philippine education
setting if it is anchored on the following educational philosophies. Encode it in a word
document using Times New Roman or Arial , and of 12 font size. Do not forget to input
your name, course and year level.

1.) Essentialism refers to the “ traditional “ or “back to the basis” approach to

education. It is named because it strives to in still students with the essentials of
academic knowledge and skills and academic rigor. Educational essentialism is
an educational philosophy whose adherents believe that children should learn
the traditional basic subjects thoroughly. Essentialism ensures that the
accumulated wisdom of our civilization as taught in the traditional academic
disciplines is passed on from teacher to student.
2.) Perennialism is an educational philosophy adhering to the concept of
conservative point of view mainly focused on the intellectual and moral
standards. It emphasizes that schools must teach students with the ideas that
are everlasting and the search for enduring truths are constant. Perennialists
believe that the focus of education should be the ideas that have lasted over
centuries.
3.) Progressivism believe that individuality, progress, and change are fundamental to
one’s education.Believing that people learn best from what they consider most
relevant to their lives, progressivists center their curricula on the needs,
experiences, interests, and abilities of students.Progressivism is a political
philosophy in support of social reform. In the 21 st century, a movement that
identifies as progressive is a social or political movement that aims to represent
the interest of ordinary people through political change and the support of
government actions.
4.) Social Reconstructionism is a philosophy that emphasizes the addressing of
social questions and a quest to create a better society and worldwide democracy.
Reconstructionist educators focus on a curriculum that highlights social reform as
the aim of education. With the implementation of social reconstructionism in
education, a student cam gain first -hand experience in studying real social
problems and controversial issues. The curriculum applied to education reflects
democratic ideals and emphasize civic education.
5.) Existentialism as an educational philosophy it focuses on freedom, individualism
and self- awareness of students. In the Philippines, existentialism is rarely used
as an educational philosophy in schools because essentialism and other less
 student- centered philosophies are used as the main educational philosophies.
Existentialism in education is a teaching and learning philosophy that focuses on
the students freedom an agency to choose their future , thus they encourage all
students to exercise personal agency and create their own meaning for life.
6.) Behaviorism or the behavioral learning theory is a popular concept that focuses
on how students learn. This learning theory states that behaviors are learned
from the environment, and says that innate on inherited factors have very little
influence on behavior. A common example of behaviorism is positive
reinforcement also known as behavioral psychology are learned through
interaction with the environment through a process called conditioning. Thus,
behavior is simply a response to environmental stimuli.
7.) Constructivism is a philosophy of learning founded on the premise that, by
reflecting on our experiences we construct our own understanding of the world
we live in.Taking into consideration that learning requires students to be active,
not passive and to construct their own interpretations of the subject matter.It is an
important learning theory that educators use to help their students learn.
Constructivism is based on the idea that people actively construct and the reality
is determined by your experiences as a learner.