1|Page

A DETAILED PHARMACOLOGICAL AND

PHYTOCHEMICALS OF ECLIPTA ALBA
A Project Submitted

In Partial Fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of

BACHELOR OF PHARMACY
By
JANVI GUPTA
Roll No. 1855450038
Under the Supervision of
PROF. (DR) PUSHPESH KUMAR MISHRA

NARAINA VIDYA PEETH GROUP OF INSTITUTION FACULTY OF

PHARMACY, KANPUR

DR. APJ ABDUL KALAM TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

(Formerly Uttar Pradesh University) LUCKNOW
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DECLERATION
I hereby declare that the work presented in this report entitled “Quality
control and standardization of Eclipta alba.” was carried out by me I
have not submitted the matter embodied in this report for the award of
any other degree or diploma of any other university or institute.
I have given due credit to the original author/sources for all the word,
idea, diagrams, graphics, computer programs, experiment, result, that
are not my original contribution.
I have use quotation marks to identify verbatin sentences and given
credit to the original author/sources.
I affirm that no portion of my work is plagiarized, and the experiment
and result reported in the report are not manipulated. In the event of a
complaint of plagiarism and the manipulation of the experiments and
result. I shall be fully responsible and answerable.

JANVI GUPTA
Roll No. 1855450038
B.Pharm 4th year
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CERTIFICATE
Certificate that JANVI GUPTA (Enrollment no. :- 185545049923) has
carried out the research work presented in this project entitled “Quality
control and standardization Eclipta Alba.” for award of Bachelor of
Pharmacy, from Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow
under my supervision. The project embodies result of original work, and
studies are carried out by the student himself and the contains of the
project do not for the basis for the award of any other degree to the
candidate are to anybody else from this or any other
university/institutions.

Signature

PROF. (Dr) PUSHPESH KUMAR MISHRA

Naraina Group of Institutions, Faculty of Pharmacy
Kanpur
Date :-
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CERTIFICATE
This is certified that the synopsis entitled “Quality Control and
Standardization of Eclipta alba.” submitted to Naraina Group of
Institution for the partial fulfillment of Bachelor Degree in Pharmacy is
to bonafied and original research work carried out by JANVI GUPTA
under my supervision and guidence for DR.PUSHPESH KUMAR MISHRA,
Department of Pharmacy, Naraina Group of Institutions.

DR. DIPTENDU GOSWAMI

Director, Faculty of Pharmacy
Naraina Vidya Peeth Group of Institution
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I consider myself lucky to work under the guidance of Prof. (Dr)
Pushpesh kumar Mishra as their Continuous guidance and support have
always propelled me to perform better. I am thankful to her
encouragement and support, which provide to impetus and paved the
way for the successful completion of this research work. It is my privilege
to express my heartfelt thanks to Prof. (Dr) Pushpesh Kumar Mishra and
Director, Naraina Vidya Peeth Group of Institutions Faculty of Pharmacy,
Kanpur for providing me all facilities and encouragement throughout the
research work.
Very thanks to my guide Mr. Pushpeah Kumar Mishra Professor,
Naraina Vidya Peeth Group of Institution Faculty of Pharmacy, Kanpur
for providing me continuous support throughout the project.
At the outset, I would like to express my sincere to all those who have
directly or indirectly helped me in making my project a success. And
above all, words fail to express my feeling to my parents, whose
initiation, constant source of inspiration and encouragement
throughout this course. The most thanks to my parents and my family
who have always been my backbone in all my endeavors, their belief in
me makes me accomplish every task I undertake. A warm to thanks to
all.
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INDEX

S.NO. CONTENT PAGE NO.

1. Introduction

2. Morphological Characteristics

3. Chemical Constituents

4. Chemical test

5. Pharmacological activity

6. Side effect

7. Marketed product

8. Conclusion
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1. INTRODUCTIONS
Saraca asoca is found throughout the Indian subcontinent and is
widely utilized for its bark and leaves.
It is a hallowed conventional tree having a place with India but at the
same time is filled in different regions of the planet.
Other than its fanciful importance, Asoka tree is developed for the
advantages it has for your wellbeing, which will be investigated in this
article.
The most significant of these advantages is for your skin, which are
gotten from the leaves and bark of this plant.
Notwithstanding its immediate advantages, Ashoka is additionally
utilized as a typical constituent in an assortment of pharmacological
items attributable to its restorative properties.
This article will talk about this large number of advantages exhaustively,
solely after acquainting you with certain rudiments of this tree.
Ashoka tree is a tropical jungle tree, which is little, erect and bears
fragrant blossoms around the period of February to April.
Its leaves are dark green, which fill in thick groups.
This is the very thing you might want to be aware of the tree.
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2.MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Flowers are viewed as thick axillary Corymb of orange and yellow tone
seen from January to March, However they are seen over time.
They are sweet-smelling,Bisexual, and staminate, and astringent in
taste.
31 Each bunchContains some little, long cylinder blossoms opening into
four oval projectionsfurthermore, has half-white, half dark red stamens
projecting from the ring at top of each cylinder.
The flowers are yellow when youthful, bit by bit going to orange and
blood red as they mature. In the long run, they turn into vermillion
because of the sun’s rays’s effect.
The tree bears flowers from December to May, with top blooming from
February to March.
The blossoms were visited by white subterranean insects, butterflies,
Actinide moth, Syrphid fly, dark insect, and honey bees (particularly
Giant Asian bumble bee),Which helps in fertilization

Family : Caesalpiniaceous
Ayurvedic name :Asoka
Unani name : Ashok
Hindi name : Asoka
Trade name : Sita Asoka
Parts used: Stem bark ,flowers and seeds.
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BARK: The bark is dark brown, dim, or practically dark with a ruddy
wood27and has a warty surface, now and again cracked.
Harsh and lopsided barks directed and smooth with round lenticels. Bark
has a bittersweet, and astringent taste.

Leaves: Glabrous leaves are long , corky at the base , and bitter. Petioles
are short and the leaves are united such 6-12 sets structure a hangout.
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Flyers are glabrous and elliptical lanceolate in shape. The young leaves
are copper red when they developed ad star turning light green and
then dark green as they mature.

FLOWERS : Ashkhabad fragrant, bisexual, regular flowers of orange

color with 7-8 stamens in a large bunch.
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A.MACROSCOPIC CHARACTER:
Color: Outer color is dark brown or almost black with warty surface.
Internally, it is reddish- brown with fine longitudinal striations.
Odor : None.
Taste: Astringent and bitter.
Taste: it occurs in the form of channels of various sizes.
Size: up to 50 cm length and 1 cm in thickness.

B.MICROSCOPIC CHARACTER:
Cross over segment of bark shows plug cells, stopper cambium, and
phloem comprising periderm of bark.
Pericyclic is made out of sclerosis (stone cells), parenchyma and
dispersed pericyclic filaments.
Sclerosis typically happen as thickly pressed zones, made out of thick-
walled, digressively stretched cells, which substitute with parenchyma.
Parenchyma cells are thick-walled, oval containing kaleidoscopic
precious stones of calcium oxalate.
Sheath of kaleidoscopic precious stones of calcium oxalate encompasses
zone of sclerosis.
Auxiliary phloem is a wide area comprising of phloem parenchyma,
crossed longitudinally by medullary beams and phloem filaments.
Cells of phloem parenchyma contain kaleidoscopic precious stones of
calcium oxalate like that of parenchyma of Pericyclic.
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Phloem filaments are organized in little concentric gatherings of

multiple on the spiral columns of phloem components.
Medullary beams become a lot more extensive, expanded, and pipe
molded on coming to pericyclic.

3.CHEMICAL CONSTITUENT
Asoka stem bark contains around 6% of tannins and anthocyanin
subsidiaries which incorporates leucopelargonidin-3-O-β-D-glucoside.
Leucopelargonidin and glauconitic.
It likewise contains waxy substance comprised of long chain alkanes,
esters, alcohols and n-octagonal.
The steroidal parts present in the bark incorporates 24-methylcholest-
5-en-3-β-old,(ZZE)- 24-ethylcholesta-5,22-dien-3-β-old, 24-ethylcholest-
5-en-3-β-old and β-sit sterol.
The root bark contains epicatechin, procyandin B2 and 11’-
deoxyprocyanidin B. The cases comprises of catechol, elicitation , and
leucocyanidin.
The flowers are accounted for to have different anthocyanin shades,
kaempterol, quercetin and its glycoside, Gallic corrosive, and β-sit sterol.
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Procyclidine
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4.CHEMICAL TESTS
1.Powdered bark , when treated with saturated picric acid solution,
stays brown for 10 minutes and afterward slowly turns into orange
yellow.
2.Powdered bark gives a deep chocolate colour with 5% KOH solution.

Test for alkaloids: 0.5 to 0.6 g of various extracts were mixed in 18ml
of 1% HCL , warmed and filtered. 2ml of the filtered were treated
separately with both reagents ( Wagner’s and Dragendroff )
A.Dragendorff reagent: The filtrate of the extract was added To the
reagent and development of turbidity of precipitation Was considered
as the presence of alkaloid.
B.Wagner’s reagent: The filtrate of the extract was added to The
reagent and development of brown flocculent precipitateIndicated the
presence of alkaloids.

Test for glycosides: The solution obtained in Benedict’s test Was

filtered and diluted HCl was added. Equal quantity of Benedict’s reagent
was added and boiled. Appearance of Brownish precipitate revealed the
presence of glycosides.

Test for tannins: Methanol was added to the residue of the Extract.
The solution was heated and filtered through Whatman filter paper.
Filtrate obtained was treated with Different reagents.
A.Lead acetate test: 2-3 drops of lead acetate solution was Added to the
above mentioned extract solution.The formation of precipitate
indicated the presence of tannin.
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B.Ferric chloride test: Few drops of ferric chloride solution Were added
to the above filtrate. A green colouration in the Filtrate of the
methanolic extract indicated the presence of Tannin.
Test for resins: A small amount of extract residue was Dissolved in
alcohol and a few drops of distilled water were Added. The appearance
of turbidity was considered as a Positive test for resin.
Test for saponins: 1 ml of extract was taken in a test tube And small
amount of sodium bicarbonate and water were Added. It was shaken
vigorously. Formation of froth indicated The presence of saponins.
Test for sterol
A.Salkowski reaction: 1 g residue of extract was taken in 2 Ml of
chloroform. Thereafter 2 ml of concentrated sulfuric Acid was added by
the side of the tube. The tube was shaken For a few minutes and the
development of red colour in the Chloroform layer and greenish yellow
fluorescence in the Lower layer indicated the presence of sterol.
Test for fixed oil: A drop of aqueous extract was put on filter Paper.
Appearance of oil base (spot) indicated positive test for The presence of
oil.
Test for protein
A.Biuret test: 1 g of residue of extract was taken in water And 1 ml of
4% NaOH solution was added. Appearance of Violet pink colour
indicated the presence of protein.
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Test for Anthroquinone :

A.Bontrager’s test: A small amount of the extract was boiled For a few
minutes with 5 ml of 10% sulfuric acid and filtered Immediately while
hot. The filtrate was cooled and shaken with benzene. The benzene layer
was separated and shaken in color and solid in consistency with an
extractability of 3.73%.
Test for flavonoids: 1 ml of extract was dissolved in 5 ml Ethanol (95%)
and a few drops of diluted NaOH solution was Added. Intense yellow
colour appeared in the test tube. It Became colourless on addition of a
few drops of diluted HCl Indicated the presence of flavonoids.

5.PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY
Ashoka tree isn’t just a sacrosanct and customary plant in India yet
additionally it is used as a restorative tree. Its leaves and barks are
ordinarily utilized as customary, natural and elective treatments.
However, there is adequate logical proof to back these customary cases.
Along these lines, we should examine the proof based advantages and
uses of this tree and its leaves.

A. Ashoka tree for fever : Ashoka tree is exceptionally esteemed for

its evergreen presence, fancy blossoms and more than adequate
therapeutic properties. Time and again, traditional herbs and remedies
are used for the treatment of fever. Which is only hieghtof internal heat
level to avoid infection or illness. Various lab studies have been done to
investigate the counter pyretic impacts of this tree and it has been found
that the flavonoids present in the species are answerable for this
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activity. This impact is perceptible by the utilization of Ashoka seeds at

a measurements of 500 mg for each kilogram of body weight. The
utilization of this cure helped the decrease of fever as well as its impact
was profoundly delayed.the utilization of Ashoka leaves worked with
decrease of internal heat level for a term of 5 hours, the previous being
practical for 4.

B. Ashoka tree for skin : Various pieces of Ashoka tree have

unmistakable advantages when utilized topically. A few skin conditions
including psoriasis, dermatitis, dermatitis, scabies and outer aggravation
of the skin. When used externally in the form of a paste made from its
roots, the tree is effective against freckles and inflammation of the
skin.This glue can likewise be used if there should arise an occurrence of
ulcers and other skin conditions. In more extreme skin conditions,
portions of this tree are used to control side effects. In people impacted
with skin inflammation, psoriasis and dermatitis, the utilization of
Ashoka tree can help in giving some alleviation from tingling, which is an
articulated side effect in these circumstances. In these cases, the
utilization of squashed blossoms over the impacted region of the skin is
suggested. Alongside other normal items like L. inermis and coconut oil,
these blossoms are utilized as an effective solution for the treatment of
skin inflammation and scabies, when utilized two times day to day.The
reasoning for these broad applications for skin issues and diseases has
been made sense of by a few investigations and is perceived by the
Ayurveda. It has been advanced that the utilization of Ashoka tree leaves
helps in disposing of a few poisons from your body and is accordingly
valuable for the decontamination of blood. This forestalls the sign of skin
sensitivities and diseases. While the utilizations of Ashoka tree are of
enormous advantage for the administration of an assortment of skin
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conditions, it is prescribed to converse with your primary care physician

prior to involving the tree in any structure, particularly assuming you
presently have a skin condition.

C. Ashoka tree leaves against cancer : Cancer refers to the

uninhibited development of abnormal cells, which tends to spread to far
off and close by body structures. In the event that untreated, cancer
growth can possibly influence every one of the frameworks of the body.
Customary trees and spices are normally used for their enemy of disease
properties and are recommended to have negligible aftereffects when
contrasted with ordinary treatment for malignant growth. Their cell
reinforcement and hostile to proliferative activities have been credited
for this utilization.Cancer prevention agents are substances which help
to diminish oxidative pressure and harm in the body by battling against
the activity of free extremists. It has been recognized that the forceful
activities of free revolutionaries or receptive oxygen species on the body
are liable for the pathogenesis of a few sicknesses and issues including
that of disease. Researchers have found that cancer prevention agents
help to control the activity of these responsive species, subsequently
decreasing the gamble of these illnesses. It has been exhibited that
Ashoka tree has critical malignant growth property because of its
synthetic electorate. It likewise assists with initiating the course of
apoptosis (customized cell passing) permitting the conceivable decrease
of dangerous cells. Articulated impacts of concentrates of this tree have
been against skin cancer, where it worked with the inhibition of
cancerous development by causing a decrease in the quantity of growth
cells. It additionally created a setback for the advancement of cancer to
a high level stage and the statement of side effects. Other than skin
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malignant growth, articulated impacts have been seen against bosom

disease, which will be talked about ahead.
While the system of activity has been generally depicted, further
exploration and confinement of individual parts is required so the
dynamic mixtures of this tree can be used as an enemy of disease drug.
Till then, you can counsel your Ayurvedic specialist to discuss the
utilization and measurements of this tree as a solution for the avoidance
and therapy of disease.

D. Ashoka tree bark for women : Ashoka tree is immense use to

ladies, especially those in the regenerative age bunch. This is on the
grounds that it helps in the administration of various issues related with
the feminine cycle. The bark of this tree is incredibly helpful in the
guideline of feminine aggravations in ladies and is successful against
unnecessary dying. It is likewise useful in easing torment during the
feminine cycle due to dysmenorrhoea. Other than relieving pain during
bleeding, the utilization of this bark can be made to control uterine fits
and stomach cramps experienced by ladies during period. It can likewise
be useful in ladies with an upset or unpredictable monthly cycle. As well
as bleeding period, the utilization of Ashoka bark can likewise be made
by ladies during non-period days assuming they experience exorbitant
vaginal release or leucorrhoea. In postmenopausal ladies, the utilization
of Ashoka bark is convincingly useful in the counteraction of bosom
malignant growth. Along these lines, one might say that this tree stores
massive advantages for ladies of all age gatherings. In any case, it is
prescribed to converse with your gynecologist prior to utilizing this tree
in any structure.

E. Ashoka tree uses for diabetes : Diabetes alludes to the height of

glucose levels past the scope of ordinary.While the condition might not
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have any side effects of its own, diabetes is known to influence a few
frameworks of the body, leading to a few complexities. Diabetic
retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy and diabetic neuropathy are the
significant entanglements influencing the retina of the eyes, the working
of the kidneys and the nerves of the body individually. Of these, the
utilization of Ashoka tree has been viewed as powerful against the
premier.Investigations have discovered that the concentrates of Ashoka
tree are useful in the avoidance of diabetic waterfall. Ethanolic
concentrates of this tree help to repress or defer the advancement of
this condition and along these lines, can be used to forestall ophthalmic
entanglements because of diabetes. Notwithstanding, it is prescribed to
converse with your ophthalmologist and Ayurvedic specialist prior to
utilizing this tree as pharmacological measurement of this utilization is
yet to be laid out.
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6.SIDE EFFECT
Although the use of this tree is highly beneficial, the following side
effects may be noted, if remedies are not used precisely:

• Menstrual disturbances if women affected by amenorrhoea or

infrequent menstruation are making the use of this tree.
• Stomach pain and digestive issues if any parts of the tree are
utilised orally.
• The safety profile of this tree is not clear for pregnant women. It is
thus recommended to prevent the use of this tree in pregnancy.
• A few investigations have announced toxicological impacts while
utilizing Ashok bark. It is subsequently fitting to constantly utilize
any cures using this tree under the oversight of your PCP and never
consume orally. You should pick the right assortment of this tree as
indistinguishable debasement species are likewise ordinarily found.
• Although the health benefits of Ashoka tree are numerous,
pregnant women should abstain from consuming products from
this tree as it might lead to complications.
• People who are sensitive to certain types of food should consult a
doctor before consuming products of this tree.
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7.MARKETED PPRODUCTS

Description :
Merion Naturals Asoka Tablet is a natural herbal supplement and
contains the goodness of high quality Asoka ( Saracaasoca ) in form of
tablets. Asoka, known as the Asoka brikhsa is one of the most ancient
and sacred trees found all over India.
Key Ingredients: Asoka ( Saraca asoca )
Nature according to Ayurveda: Cold
Ayurveda Dashes ( Constitutions ): Balancing for Pitta and Kappa
Active Ingredient Source: Plant Based
Key Benefits: Supports Healthy Female Reproductive System.
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Helps Purifying Blood and Supports Healthy Skin.

Helps in Menses
Helps with Oily & Dull Skin.
Direction For Use:
Take 1 Tablet, twice a day after Meal or as directed by your healthcare
Practioner.
Safety Warning:
Do not exceed the recommended dosage.
If you are taking any kind of medication, Please consult your doctor
before adding it your diet.
Pregnant or Breastfeeding mothers should avoid taking Asoka and Asoka
Supplements.
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Keep out of reach of Children Storage:

Store in a cool, dry place in an air tight container away from direct
sunlight.

Description :
Biotic Asoka Bark Powder (Sarasangi) Ashokachaal Powder – 100g.
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Additional Information
Manufacturer: Biotic Nature Products.
Item Weight: 100 g
Net Quantity: 100.0 gram
Important information

Ingredients: :
Asoka Bark Powder (Saraca Indica) Asoka chaal Powder.
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8.CONCLUSION
However different examinations have been done in S. asoca by a larger
number of people
Scientists, there are some lacunae in a portion of the fields that are yet
To be contemplated. Such fields of study can add on to be useful for the
Supportability of this tree. For instance, more definite examinations on
the
Phytochemical perspectives, particularly on leaves or blossoms could
recognize
Them to be an imminent substitute for bark and could likewise prompt
the
Advancement of a cheesemaker that can help in the recognizable proof
of the Genuine Asoka , in this way forestalling defilement.
Likewise, it has been found that Saraca Indica and Saraca Asoca
Are frequently utilized as equivalent words. An intensive report on their
morphology,
Photochemistry, and hereditary material can affirm them to be two
Various types of similar sort.
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The stubborn idea of seeds is one more issue looked during

The foundation of the plants. Transcriptome studies can recognize the
Qualities answerable for their reasonability and could uncover how their
rack
Life can be expanded. Such examinations can help in distinguishing
qualities behind
The optional metabolites pathway and help in the comprehension of
Varieties that are seen inside the populaces. Last yet not the
Least, drives by the Government with neighborhood and master backing
to
Distinguish and safeguard their territories can demonstrate valuable to
the as of now
Lessening populace. Making mindfulness among general society and
Establishing more trees will help with this.
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