Republic of the Philippines

Unit of Competency: ASSEMBLE

Department ofAND DISASSEMBLE CONSUMER
Education
ELECTRONIC
PUBLIC PRODUCTS AND SYSTEM
TECHNICAL -VOCATIONAL
HIGH SCHOOLS
Module No: 1 Module Title: ASSEMBLING AC-DC POWER SUPPLY

TABLE OF CONTENTS
 Page

How to Use this Module.....................................................................................i

Introduction......................................................................................................ii

Technical Terms..............................................................................................iii

Learning Outcome 1: Identify he parts and electronic components

of AC-DC power supply……………....................................1
 Information Sheet 1.1.............................................................................3
 Self-Check 1.1.......................................................................................11
 Self-Check Key 1.1................................................................................12
 Self-Check 1.2.......................................................................................13
 Self-Check Key 1.2................................................................................14

Learning Outcome 2: Assembling AC-DC power supply…………...………………..16

 Information Sheet 2.1…...……………………………………………………........18
 Self-Check 2.1………………………………………………………………………...20
 Self-Check Key 2.1…………………………………………………………..….……21
 Operation Sheet 2.1………………………………………………….………………22
 Performance Check 2.1………………………………..……………………………25
 Information sheet 2.2………………………………………………………..….…..26
 Job Sheet 2.1………………………………………………………….……….….…..27
 Assessment Checklist 2.1…………………………………………..……………...31
 Operation Sheet 2.3………………………………………………………………….33
 Scoring Rubrics for Operation Sheet 2.3…………………………....…….…...36
 Job Sheet 2.2…………………………………………………………………….……37
 Assessment Checklist for Job Sheet 2.2…………………………..……………40

Assessment Plan……………………………………………………………………….……..41
 Observation Checklist……………………………………………………….………42
 Observation and Questioning Checklist……………………………….………..43
 Demonstration Checklist…………………………………………………….……..44
 Written Report………………………………………………………………….……..45
 Performance Test…………………………………………………………….……….46

References …………………………………………………………………………………….47

Acknowledgment …………………………………………………………………………….48
 HOW TO USE THIS MODULE

Welcome to the Module “Assembling AC-DC Power Supply”. This module

contains training materials and activities for you to complete.

The unit of competency “Assemble and Disassemble Consumer Electronic

Products and Systems” contains the knowledge, skills and desirable attitudes
required for Consumer Electronic Servicing to obtain the National Certificate
(NC) level II.

You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to

complete each of the learning outcomes of the module. In each learning
outcome, there are Information Sheets, Job Sheets and Operation Sheets.
Do these activities on your own and answer the Self-Check at the end of each
learning activity.

If you have any question, don’t hesitate to ask your teacher for an
assistance.

Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)

You have already some basic knowledge and skills covered in this module
because you have been working for some time; or have already completed
training in this area.

If you can demonstrate competence to your teacher in a particular skill, talk

to your teacher so you don’t have to undergo the same training again. If you
have a qualification or Certificate of Competency from previous trainings show it
to him/her. If the skills you acquired are relevant to this module, they become
part of the evidence. You can present these for RPL. If you are not sure about
your competence skills, discuss this with your teacher.

After completing this module, ask your teacher to assess your competence.
Result of your assessment will be recorded in your competency profile. All the
learning activities are designed for you to complete at your own pace.

In this module, you will find the activities for you to complete and relevant
information sheets for each learning outcome. Each learning outcome may have
more than one learning activity.

This module is prepared to help you achieve the required competency, in

receiving and relaying information. This will be the source of information that
will enable you to acquire the knowledge and skills in Assembling and
Disassembling Consumer Electronic Products and Systems and
independently at your own pace with minimum supervision from your teacher.

i
Program/Course: CONSUMER ELECTRONIC SERVICING NC II

ASSEMBLE AND DISASSEMBLE CONSUMER

Unit of Competency:
ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS AND SYSTEMS

Module Title: ASSEMBLING AC-DC POWER SUPPLY

INTRODUCTION:

This module contains information and suggested learning activities on

Assembling AC-DC Power Supply. It covers the knowledge, skills and
desirable attitudes required in assembling consumer electronic products and
systems.

This module consists of two (2) learning outcomes. Each learning outcome
contains learning activities supported by instructional sheets. Before you
perform the instructions, read the information sheets and answer the self-check
and activities provided to ascertain to yourself and your teacher that you have
acquired the knowledge necessary to perform the skill portion of the particular
learning outcome.

Upon completing this module, report to your teacher for an assessment to

check your achievement of knowledge and skills required in this module. If you
pass the assessment, you will be given a certificate of completion.

SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES:

Upon completion of the module, you should be able to:

LO1. identify the parts and electronic components of AC-DC power supply;
and
LO2. assemble AC-DC power supply to the printed circuit board.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

Refer to the assessment criteria of learning outcomes 1-2 of this module.

PREREQUISITE:

 Using hand tools

 Performing mensuration and calculation
 Preparing and interpreting Technical Drawing used in Electronics
 Applying Quality Standards

ii
 TECHNICAL TERMS

AC/DC. An equipment that operates on either an AC or DC power source.

Anode. The positive electrode of a device. The “P” material of a diode.

Bridge Rectifier. A circuit using four diodes that provides full wave rectifi-
cation. Converts AC voltage to pulsating DC voltage.

Calibration. To adjust the correct value of a reading by comparison with the

Standard.

Color Code. Set of colors used to indicate value of a component.

Full Wave Rectifier. The rectifier that makes use of full AC wave in both
Both positive and negative half cycles.

Half Wave Rectifier. A diode rectifier that converts AC to pulsating DC by

eliminating either the negative or positive alternation of
each input AC cycle.

Leakage. A small undesirable flow of current through an insulator.

Output. A terminal at which a component, circuit or piece of equipment

delivers current, voltage, or power.

Primary winding. The first winding of a transformer. Winding that is

connected to the source as opposed to secondary which is
a winding connected to the load.

Printed Circuit Board. An insulating board containing conductive parts for

Circuit connections.

Regulated Power Supply. A power supply where the output voltage is not
affected by its loading factor.

Schematic Diagram. An illustration of an electrical or electronic circuit with

the components represented by symbols.

Secondary Winding. An output winding of a transformer that is connected

to the load.

Short Circuit. A very low

resistance between two points in a circuit causing excessive current.

iii
 Program/Course: CONSUMER ELECTRONIC SERVICING NC II

ASSEMBLE AND DISASSEMBLE CONSUMER

Unit of Competency:
ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS AND SYSTEM

Module Title: ASSEMBLING AC-DC POWER SUPPLY

Learning Outcome 1: Identify the parts and the electronic components of an

AC-DC power supply.

Assessment Criteria

1. The types of AC-DC power supply are enumerated.

2. The parts of an AC-DC power supply are identified.

3. The electronic components needed in assembling AC-DC

power supply are listed and acquired.

1
LEARNING EXPERIENCES/ACTIVITIES

Learning Outcome 1: Identify the parts and electronic components of an

AC-DC power supply.
Learning Activities Special Instruction

1. Read the attached Information

Sheet 1.1 on AC-DC Power
supply.
 Try to answer the Self-Check 1.1
a. Types of AC-DC Power
without looking at the
Supply
information sheet.
b. Parts of AC-DC Power
Supply
c. Electronic Components
and Symbols used in AC-
DC Power Supply

2
 INFORMATION SHEET 1.1

AC-DC Power Supply

A power supply is the heart

of all electronics equipment. It
converts AC input power line to
DC output voltage. It is the one
that supplies the desired voltage
or cur rent in a circuit. Without
it, all of the electronic equipment
will not function properly or will
be a dead set.

AC-DC Power Supply

TYPES OF AC-DC POWER SUPPLY

A basic power supply consists of three basic stages: the power

transformer stage, rectifier stage, and filter stage. An additional stage is
sometimes added if there is a need for regulation. This stage is called regulator.

Transformer Rectifier Filter

DC
AC Stage Stage Stage

Outp Outp
ut ut
Block Diagram of AC-DC Power Supply

3
1. Half-Wave Rectifier Circuit
One rectifier diode D1 and one load resistor R L are needed to
conduct one alteration in every cycle of small AC input.

Schematic Diagram of A Half-Wave Rectifier

2. Full-Wave Center-Tapped Rectifier Circuit

Using this type of circuit, you’ll need a center-tapped transformer,
two rectifier diodes and a load resistor (RL). Each of the diode supplies
one-half the DC load current.

Schematic Diagram of A Full-Wave Center Tapped Rectifier circuit

3. Full-Wave Bridge Type Rectifier Circuit

4
 Schematic Diagram of A Full-Wave Power Supply

The previous circuit illustration uses four rectifier diodes D1 D2 D3 D4

and a load resistor (RL). Bridge circuit makes it possible to remove the center-
tapped transformer. Among the types of power supply this circuit can deliver
a higher current range to the load because all of cycles are consumed by the
four diodes.
The operation of this rectifier circuit is different from the half-wave and
full-wave center tapped. The conduction of AC voltage starts from Line-A going
to the Line-B.

First Conduction
The negative half-cycle will be going to conduct to the cathode of diode
D1, thru the RL and going to conduct to the cathode of diode D4 then Line-B. In
this case D1 and D4 are conducting.

First Conduction in a Full Wave Power Supply

Second Conduction

5
 The positive half-cycle will be going to conduct to the anode of diode D2,
thru the RL and going to conduct to the anode of diode D3 then Line-B. In this
case D2 and D3 are conducting.

Second Conduction in a Full Wave Power Supply

Characteristics of a Full Bridge Type Power Supply
a. Expensive
b. Needs a lower value of capacitance
c. Needs four rectifier diodes
Filter Stage

The filtering stage is one of the stages of the power supply which filters
the pulsating DC. Output of rectifier stage and make it a pure DC voltages. The
main function of the filter circuit is to increase the DC output and to smoothen
the pulsating DC.
Insufficient filtering

(+)
Rectifier Filter
Stage Stage
(-)

Filter Stage

6
Basic Methods of Filtering

1. Simple Capacitor in Parallel

You can parallel as many electrolytic capacitors as you want. This will
increase the amount of capacitance causing good filtering effects to DC
output. This is used for high current applications. The only disadvantage is
that it will occupy a bigger space.

Placing additional
capacitor in the
output.

Filter Circuit

2. Filter with RC Circuit

This circuit is actually a resistor in series with the positive line together with 2
bypass capacitor C1 & C2. It is good in lowering the DC voltage output.

Placing a resistor in series

with the positive line can
cause voltage drop.

Filter with RC Circuit

7
 3. Filter with Inductor
This circuit has a good filtering effect to the pulsating DC output of the
rectifier. It uses minimal value of capacitance and it is good in low current
and high current application. The only disadvantage is that the inductor
in series with the positive line takes up big space in mounting it in the
PC.

Filter with Inductor

External Parts of AC-DC Power Supply

The external parts of an AC-DC power

supply are as follows:

 Front Pane. It contains the power

switch, voltage selector switch, and
the power indicator.

Front Panel
 Rear Panel. It contains the fuse and
the AC line cord.

Rear Panel

8
Internal Parts of AC-DC Power Supply

The internal parts of the AC-DC Power Supply are shown in the figure below.

Internal Parts of an AC-DC Power Supply

Parts of AC-DC Power Supply

Components Description
Alligator A special type of connector used to connect the power supply to
Clip
the electronic gadget.

Capacitor A capacitor acts as the filter. The one that removes ripples from

the output of the rectifier circuit. The type of capacitor used in

this purpose is the electrolytic capacitor.

Case and It serves as the housing of an AC-DC power supply.

Cover
Diode A device which only allows current to flow in only one direction.

Fuse A protective device used to prevent the circuit from short

circuit

or damage

9
LED A transducer which converts electrical energy to light.
Light Emittin
g Diode
Line cord A type of cord used to connect the unit to the voltage source.

On-Off Used to switch on and off the circuit.

switch
Printed PCB – a conductive pattern formed on one or both sides of an
Circuit
Board insulating base by etching, plating or stamping.

Resistor A resistor restricts the flow of current (eg. to limit the current

passing through an LED). A resistor is used with a capacitor in

a timing circuit.

Some publications still use the old resistor symbol. 

Rotary A switch that is operated by a rotating shaft.

Switch
Transformer A component that consist of two or more coils which are

coupled together by magnetic induction.

10
 SELF-CHECK 1.1
AC-DC Power Supply

GENERAL DIRECTION: Write all your answers in separate sheets of paper.

Do not write anything in this module.

Direction: Answer the following questions below.

1. How many stages do basic power supplies have?

2. What component do we need to use in a simple basic filtering stage?

3. Why is a bridge type rectifier the most expensive type rectifier stage?

4. What stage of the power supply step-down the high AC voltage to lower AC

voltage?

5. What stage of the power supply converts small AC voltage to pulsating DC

voltage?

6. How many basic methods of filtering do the filtering stages have?

7. How many types of rectifier circuits do basic power supplies have?

8. What stage of the power supply smoothens the pulsating DC into pure DC

output voltages?

9. How many diodes full-wave center tapped power supplies have?

10. Why is a half-wave rectifier the cheapest type rectifier stage?

11
 SELF-CHECK KEY 1.1

AC-DC Power Supply

1. Three

2. Filter Capacitor / Electrolytic Capacitor

3. It uses four rectifier diodes

4. Transformer stage

5. Rectifier stage

6. Three

7. Three

8. Filter Stage

9. Two

10. It uses one diode

12
 SELF-CHECK 1.2

Assembling AC-DC Power Supply

I. Direction: Fill in the blank with the names of the parts indicated in the
diagram. (1-9). Write the answer in your test notebook.

_________2.
__________1.
_________3.

_______4.

________7.

_________8.
________5.
________6.
_________9.

__________10. Based on the given circuit, what type of power supply is this?

II. Direction: Draw the schematic diagram of the following circuit:

a. Half-wave power supply b. Full-wave conventional
c. Full-wave bridge type

13
 SELF-CHECK KEY 1.2
I.
1. Transformer
2. AC plug
3. LED
4. Rotary Switch knob
5. Alligator Clip
6. Rubber Grommet
7. Rotary Switch
8. Printed Circuit Board
9. Fuse Holder
10. Full-wave Bridge Type Power Supply
II.

a. Half-wave power supply

14
 b. Full-wave conventional

Primary
Windings

c. Full-wave bridge type

Program/Course CONSUMER ELECTRONIC SERVICING NC II

ASSEMBLE AND DISASEMBLE CONSUMER

Unit of Competency
ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS AND SYSTEMS

Module Title ASSEMBLING AC-DC POWER SUPPLY

Learning Outcome 2: Assemble AC-DC power supply to the printed circuit

15
 board.

Assessment Criteria

1. Printed Circuit Board design and etching for AC-DC power supply are
prepared.
2. Electronic components are mounted and soldered at the appropriate
location on the Printed Circuit Board.
3. All auxiliary components, including the transformer are interconnected to
the Printed Circuit Board.
4. Assembled AC-DC power supply is tested and defects are corrected.

LEARNING EXPERIENCES/ACTIVITIES

Learning Outcome 2: Assemble AC-DC power supply to the

Printed Circuit Board.

Learning Activities Special Instructions

1. Read the attached Information

Sheet 2.1 about the Preparation of
PCB of an AC-DC Power Supply.
 Try to answer the Self-Check 2.1
2. Answer the Self-Check 2.1.
without looking at the
3. Compare your answers with the information sheet.
Self Check Key 2.1.

16
4. If you missed some of the
questions, go over the Information
Sheet again.
5. Read the attached Operation Sheet
2.1 on mounting and soldering
electronic components.
6. Read the Information Sheet 2.2
on:
a. Interconnecting all auxiliary
components
b. Components including the
transformer interconnecting
all auxiliary Electronic
Components and Symbols of
AC-DC Power Supply
7. Perform the Job Sheet 2.1.
8. Do the assessment check list 2.1
and 2.2.
9. Read the Information sheet 2.3.
10. Perform the Job sheet 2.2.
 Mount and solder components in
the PCB.
 Connect all the auxiliary
components of an AC-DC Power
Supply.
 Power on the AC-DC power
supply.
 Prepare and design the Printed
Circuit Board.
 Mount and solder electronic
components.
 Test voltage.
 Refer to the teacher’s
Assessment Check list 2.1 and
2.2.
 Refer to the teacher’s
Assessment Check list 2.3.
 Refer to the teacher’s
Assessment Check list 2.4.

INFORMATION SHEET 2.1

Designing and Etching PCB of AC-DC Power Supply

A printed circuit board (PCB) has components inserted into the hole and
soldered to form its circuit connection. Its main purpose is to reduce the space
and to troubleshoot easily when problem arises.
The printed circuit board (PCB) has conductors that are thin strip of copper,
usually bonded to a baseboard called substrate. There are two very common
substrate materials used in printed circuit, the phenolic and epoxy plastic.

17
 Copper

Substrate

on
Printed Circuit Board

Printed Circuit Board Etching   is where the excess copper is removed to leave
the individual tracks or traces as they are sometimes called.   Buckets, bubble
tanks, and spray machines are tools to do different ways of etching but most
firms currently use high pressure conveyors spray equipment. Spray etching is
fast Ammoniacal etching solutions when sprayed can etch 55 microns of copper
a minute. Less than 40 seconds to etch a standard 1 oz, 35 micron circuit
board.

Printed Circuit Board Etching

Many different chemical solutions can be used to etch circuit boards

ranging from slow controlled speed etches used for surface preparation to the
faster etches used for etching the tracks. Some are best used in horizontal spray
process equipment while others are best used in tanks. Enchants for PTH work
have to be selective and be non aggressive to tin / tin lead plating, which is
used as the etch resists. Copper etching is normally exothermic where high

speed etching is carried out solution cooling is normally required. This is

normally done by placing titanium water cooling coils into the enchant. Almost
all etching solutions liberate toxic corrosive fumes. Extraction is highly
recommended. All enchants are corrosive and toxic mainly due to the high
metal content. P.P.E. Personal Protection Equipment must always be used.
Spent solutions should always be disposed properly and not to be spilled down
local drains where they can pollute local sewage works and rivers.

Manufacturing of Printed Circuits in the Copper Clad Board

18
 In PCB designing, we should not focus only on the size of the pathways
linking to the other component, but also on the types, kinds, and
characteristics of component. Here are the other design factors needed:

1. PCB size and shape. The PCB must be big enough for the entire
component to be mounted where it is anticipated.
2. Position of the Terminal. Input, output and supply voltage if possible
should be placed near the border for easier way during troubleshooting
or minor repair.
3. High Temperature Dissipation. Too much heat is the number one
problem of all components. Bigger space is needed so that heat sink
can be provided to the component. This will protect the component
from burning up.
4. Accessibility of Components. This component that is adjustable or
variable (example: potentiometer, trimmer resistor or capacitor) should
be placed near the border to make the troubleshooting or minor repair
easier.
5. Space for Bolt and Nut. The designer should place an allowance for
mounting the PCB with bolt and nut in securing the entire board to
the chassis.
6. Different Types of Circuit Should be Grouped according to its
Application. This will enhance the circuit operation and will prevent it
from distortion generated by other circuit. This is the reason why the
circuit of the power supply is far from the audio circuit.

SELF-CHECK 2.1

Designing and Preparing PCB of AC-DC Power Supply

19
Direction: Identify the following items.

1. A board that is open with electronic components is mounted and

soldered.

2. A conductor where the component’s terminal lead is soldered.

3. It consists of a thin copper layer which is firmly bonded to an insulating

base material. It is sometimes called as a component side.

4 -5. The two types of substrate materials used in a present circuit.

SELF-CHECK KEY 2.1

Designing and Preparing PCB of AC-DC Power Supply

20
 1. PCB

2. Substrate

3. Copper foil side

4. Epoxy

5. Phenolic

Note: If you got all the answers right, that is an excellent mark. But if you

missed one or more, go back to the questions and study them more

closely before you proceed to the next lesson .

OPERATION SHEET 2.1

Designing and Preparing PCB of AC-DC Power Supply

Direction: Given the resources needed, perform the procedure in

designing and preparing a PCB of AC-DC Power Supply.

Conditions
The following resources are needed:

21
 - Electronic tools and equipment
 Soldering Iron
 Desoldering tool
 Screwdriver (Flat / and Philip)
 Wire stripper / Utility knife
 Pliers
 Diagonal cutter
 long nose plier
 High grade magnifying glass with lamp
 Cleaning brush
 Soldering lead
 Cleaning agent
 Wires
 Stranded
 Solid
 Pre-design Printed Circuit Boards (PCB)
 Mini drill with drill bit ) with adaptor (+12VDC supply)
 Sand paper
 Metal polish or eraser
 Ruler
 AC-DC power supply kit (1.5 – 12 volts variable power supply)
 Analog multi tester (voltmeter / VOM)

Procedure in Preparing the Layout Diagram in the PCB

1. Prepare the schematic diagram of the circuit.

Circuit Schematic Diagram

2. Arrange the component circuit in a graphing paper to show/illustrate
the same design factor in PCB lay outing. Note: Actual size of the
component should be adapted for component arrangement and
mounting.

Capacitor Resistor
Four
Diodes
Led

22
 ccc

AC
Input
DC
Output
Hole for
Bolt & Nut

PCB Layout

3. Interconnect each component by copying the connection in the

schematic diagram.

Schematic Diagram

4. Double-check the connection.

5. Trace the designed PCB by using a carbon paper and mark it on the
copper side of the clad board.
6. And use a high point permanent marker for marking. Do the marking
three times and be careful not to shorten each line marking.

Characteristics of Good PCB Design – 4C’s

1. Clean. It should be clean so that the representation of the schematic

diagram is easy to mark and troubleshoot the PCB.
2. Compressed. Reducing the size for space saving in chassis.
3. Creative in Design. There is a pattern or image when it is created.

23
 4. Consistency in Component. The components should be well arranged
in group.

PERFORMANCE CHECK 2.1

Designing and Preparing PCB of AC-DC Power Supply

Direction: Answer the following by putting a check mark in the appropriate

box.
Did you: YES NO

24
 1. Prepare the schematic diagram of the circuit?

2. Arrange the components in the circuit in graphic paper to

follow the design factor in PCB layout?

3. Interconnect each component?

4. Trace the design?

5. Produce a good characteristics PCB design (clean,

compressed, creative and consistent with the component
size?

5 Yes Remarks 4 Yes Remarks

Excellent Very Satisfactory

3 Yes Remarks 1-2 Yes Remarks

Satisfactory Needs Improvement

Student’s Signature______________________ Date ______________

Teacher’s Signature______________________ Date _________________

INFORMATION SHEET 2.2

Printed Circuit Board Etching

It is the removal of unwanted portion or layer of conductive materials

(that is copper) bonded to an insulating base called substrate. By using a
chemical reaction to the copper called ferric chloride, it liquefies the uncovered
surfaces of the designed copper clad board that creates a PCB.

Cover Surface

Copper Conductor

Substrate 25
 Printed Circuit Board

Cover Surface

Copper
Conductor

Printed Circuit Board Substrate

Tools and Materials Needed In PCB Etching

1. Designed PCB
2. A bottle of the Ferric Chloride. (The quantity of bottle will depend upon
the area of the PCB).
3. Plastic Basin. It is the medium of ferric chloride
4. Popsicle sticks (2 pieces). It is used for hauling the designed PCB.
5. Old newspaper. It is placed under the plastic basin for the prevention of
accidental spill of chemical over the table.
6. Apron
7. Piece of Cloth
8. Plastic Varnish 1 bottle
9. Lacquer Thinner
10. Surgical Gloves
11. Knife or Cutter

JOB SHEET 2.1

Printed Circuit Board Etching

Direction: Given the resources needed, perform the procedure in PCB Etching
to produce a PCB.

26
Conditions

The following resources are needed:

 Electronic tools and equipment

- Soldering Iron
- Desoldering tool
- Screwdriver (Flat / and Philip)
- Wire stripper / Utility knife
- Pliers
 Diagonal cutter
 long nose plier
- High grade magnifying glass with lamp
- Cleaning brush
- Soldering lead 60/40
- Cleaning agent
- Wires
 Stranded
 Solid
- Pre-design Printed Circuit Board (PCB)
- Mini drill with drill bit ( .9mm and 3mm ) with adaptor
(+12VDC supply)
- PCB copper foil cleaning agent ( metal polish/Eraser )
- Pencil
- Ruler
- AC-DC power supply kit (1.5 – 12 volts variable power supply)
- Analog multi tester (voltmeter / VOM)

Steps in PCB Etching

1. Prepare the necessary tools and materials needed in PCB etching.

2. Wear your apron and surgical gloves in order to prevent accidental splash
of the solution on your clothes or on your skin.

3. Pour the ferric chloride in the plastic basin.

Ferric

27
4. Etch the PCB by immersing it in a basin filled with ferric chloride until
the uncovered part of the copper clad is totally etched.

Immerse PCB in
plastic basin filled
with ferric chloride

5. After 10 - 15 minutes, check the PCB if all the parts needed to be removed
are totally etched (using the two popsicle sticks in hauling). If not yet,
return it into the plastic basin filled with ferric chloride. After 3 – 5
minutes check it again.

6. Haul the PCB from the plastic basin and wash it in a free flowing water to
remove the remaining residue in the PCB.
PCB

basin

7. With a clean and dry piece of cloth, wipe the wet PCB.

28
 8. Pour a little amount of lacquer thinner on a clean dry piece of cloth and

wipe the markings of the permanent marker pen in the copper clad. (Note:

In doing this, you should wear your surgical gloves.)

9. Aided by bright light, inspect the PCB for possible hairline break or short.

If there is a hairline path between the copper conductors, cut it by a knife

or cutter. And if there is a break between the copper conductors, solder it.

light
PCB

10. Apply plastic varnish to the newly etched PCB to prevent corrosion
or rust, and let it dry before touching it.

Techniques to correct PCB Hairline Break or Short

29
A. Hairline Break. It is an open copper foil in the Printed Circuit Board.
Most of the time this is due to improper PCB designing or etching. To
eliminate the hairline break, just place a hook up wire and solder it.

Hairline Break

B. Hairline Short in the PCB Conductor. It arises if the printed circuit

board designing or etching is done improperly. To eliminate the
hairline short, you should cut it with a knife.

Hairline Short

Hairline Short in the PCB Conductor

ASSESSMENT CHECKLIST 2.1

30
 PCB Etching

Direction: Encircle the number which will show how competent you have
applied the skill using the criteria below. Compute for the total result.

Criteria Points Final

Workmanship
Use of Tools
Use Personal Protective
Equipment
SPEED
House Keeping
Finished Design
Total

Assessment Criteria 2.1

Score Descriptive Grade
96-100 Excellent
86-95 Very good
81-85 Good
75-80 Fair
70-74 Poor

ASSESSMENT GUIDE FOR JOB SHEET 2.1

31
Direction: Encircle the number which shows how competent you have applied
the skills according to the criteria given below.

The evidence shows that you have performed Final

Points
the following: Score
1. Prepared Printed Circuit Board design and
etch AC-DC power supply .
2. Mounted and soldered electronic components
at the appropriate location on the Printed
Circuit Board.
3. Interconnected all auxiliary components
including the transformer on the Printed
Circuit Board.
TOTAL

Rating System 2.1

Score Descriptive Grade
15 Excellent
12-14 Very good
10-11 Good
7-9 Fair
6 and below Reread the information sheet
2.2 on PCB Etching

OPERATION SHEET 2.3

32
 Boring

Direction: Given the resources needed, perform the procedure in

designing and preparing a PCB of AC-DC power supply.

Conditions

 Tools and Materials

- Mini Drill
- PCB
- Piece of wood
- Drill bit
- Varnish
Procedure

 Mini Drill Setup

1. Loosen the chuck by using a long metal tool and change the drill
bit. This is done in a counter clockwise movement.

Drill Bit

Long Metal
Tool
Mini Drill

2. Insert the drill bit 1mm diameter in size and attach it to the chuck
of the unit.
3. Turn the long metal tool clockwise to tighten the jaw of the unit.
Be sure that the drill bit is well secured on the chuck.
4. Before inserting the 12 volts adaptor, you should turn off the unit.

33
 5. Test the rotation of the unit if it is well aligned. If not, align it
following the steps no. 1 and 2.

 How to Use a Mini Drill?

To control the unit, hold the mini - drill at the lower part and firmly

position your arm. Then with the mini drill held perpendicularly to your

work surface, lightly press downward to the holes to be drilled in the PCB

but be sure that the PCB has a piece of wood under it to avoid damaging

the table. With practice, you will be able to get the procedure correctly.

Mini Drill

PCB

Piece of Wood

34
 Boring Procedure

1. Prepare all the materials needed.

- Mini drill

- Designed PCB

35
 2. Mark where the holes are to be drilled.

3. Using the mini drill, bore hole perpendicularly to the surface of the
PCB.

4. Clean the surface of the PCB and look for open line or short circuit.

5. Apply varnish on the clad surface to prevent it from corrosion.

SCORING RUBRICS FOR OPERATION SHEET 2.3

Boring

Note: You should read the following before and after performing the process.

Workmanship 55%
1. Tools were properly used according to its function. 25
2. PPE was observed completely while working. 25
3. Proper tools were used and PPE were observed while working. 5
Speed 5%
Finished task before time frame 5
Finished task within the time frame 4
Finished task 15 minutes after the time frame 3
Finished task 30 minutes after the time frame 2
Finished task 31 minutes and more 1
Housekeeping 5%
1. The whole area was cleaned after the assembly 5
2. The whole area was dirty after the assembly 1
Finished Design 35%
 Finished design based from the given
schematic diagram 35
 Finished design was correct but with access copper
clad on the finished design 30
 Finished design was correct but with cut on the line 25
 Finished design was with shorted line that will cause

36
 a short circuit 10
 Finished design was incorrect 2

Total 100%

Rating System
Score in Percent Descriptive Grade
95% - 100% Outstanding
80% - 94% Very Satisfactory
75% - 79% Satisfactory
74% and below Needs Improvement
Note: If you got 74 and below, you need to go over the procedures and ask
assistance from your classmates who passed this activity or from your
teacher.

JOB SHEET 2.2

Mounting and Soldering AC-DC Power Supply Project

Direction: Using the given tools, supplies and materials, mount the electronic
components to the PCB and perform soldering procedure to
assemble an AC-DC power supply project.

Conditions

o Supplies and Materials

- Designed PCB
- Soldering Lead, 60/40
- AC cord with plug
- Toggle Switch (on/off)
- Fuse and fuse holder (1A)
- Selector switch – 2 poles 6 positions
- 4 pcs. Rectifier diode
- Electrolytic capacitor – 3,300 uF/25V
- Jumbo LED with holder
- Transformer, Primary voltage 0-220 volts; Secondary voltage
(0V, 3V, 4.5V, 6V, 9V, 12V; current rating 750mA)

o Tools and Equipment

37
 - Long nose pliers
- Soldering iron

 Simple Power Supply Project

In all the basic electronic theories, power supply assembling is the most
common application needed by the students. In this project, they will be
able to apply all the knowledge they have learned since the very start of
their lessons. This project will enable them to practice the five
characteristics of a good assembler. These are the planning, assembling,
testing, troubleshooting and appreciating the work.

Schematic Diagram of a Multi-Volts Unregulated Power Supply

 Auxiliary Components of Power Supply

There are some minor components needed to be familiarized with
and their uses. These are the AC plug with cord, power switch, fuse
holder and fuse, selector switch, selector knob, indicator lamp and
alligator clips.

- AC Plug with Cord is used for connecting the 220V input voltage of
the power supply.
- Power Switch is used to control the flow of 220VAC to the power
supply by turning off or on.

38
 - Fuse Holder & Fuse is used to protect the unit from any sudden short
from the load or too much rising of power from the line source.
- Selector Switch is used to select the output voltage of the power
supply from 3V to 12V DC
- Selector Knob is a plastic holder of the selector switch.
- Indicator Lamp is used to show if there is a presence of power in the
circuit.
Neon Lamp is for 220V AC monitoring lamp.
Led is for output monitoring lamp
- Alligator Clips are used to connect the two-line output to the load.
Red clip for positive.
Black clip for negative

Sample Components Placement Guide

Four ccCapacitor Resistor

Diodes
Led

AC
Input
DC
c Output

Hole for
Bolt & Nut

Top View of PCB Layout

39
 PCB LAYOUT

Procedure:

1. Prepare all the materials needed.

2. Clean the terminals of the components to be soldered and the PCB copper
side.
3. Mount the components in the PCB.
4. Solder components.
5. Cut the excess terminals of the component.
6. Test the circuit using the multi-tester.

40
 ASSESSMENT CHECKLIST FOR JOB SHEET 2.2

Mounting and Soldering AC-DC Power Supply Project

Direction: Encircle the number which will show how competent you have
applied the skill using the criteria given below. Compute for the total result.

Criteria Points Final

Workmanship
Use of Tools
Use PPE
SPEED
House Keeping
Finished Design
Total

Assessment Criteria 2.3

Score Descriptive Grade
96-100 Excellent
86-95 Very good
81-85 Good
75-80 Fair
70-74 Poor

41
 ASSESSMENT PLAN

Evidence Checklist

Competency standard CONSUMER ELECTRONIC SERVICING NC II

ASSEMBLE AND DISASSEMBLE CONSUMER
Unit of competency
ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS AND SYSTEMS
Title of Module ASSEMBLING AC-DC POWER SUPPLY

Ways on how evidences will be collected

Third party Report

[tick the column]

Oral Questioning

Demonstration
Observation

Portfolio

Written
The evidence shows that the student can…
 identify types of power supply

 identify parts of AC-DC power supply

 identify electronic components needed in

assembling AC- DC power supply

 prepare, design and etch printed circuit board

of an AC-DC power supply.

 mount and solder electronic components at the

appropriate location on the printed circuit
board.

 interconnect the PCB with all the auxiliary

components.

 securely mount all the components at the

chassis

 correct all defects of an AC-DC power supply .

Did the student’s overall performance meet the standard? Yes No

Prepared by: Date:

Checked by: Date:

42
 OBSERVATION CHECKLIST

Student’s name:
Teacher’s name:
Name of School
Competency
standards
Unit of
competency:
Instructions for the teacher:
1. Observe the student in Assembling AC-DC power supply
2. Describe the assessment activity and the dates when it will be undertaken
3. Place a tick in the box to show that the student has completed each aspect of
the activity according to the standard expected in the enterprise.
4. Complete the feedback sections of the form.
Date of observation
Description of assessment
activity
Location of assessment
activity
The student has: If yes, tick the box
 Identified types of power supply

 Identified parts of AC-DC power supply

 Known the electronic components in assembling AC-DC
power supply.

 Prepared, designed and etched printed circuit board of

an AC-DC power supply.
 Mounted and soldered electronic components at the
appropriate location on the printed circuit board.

 Interconnected the PCB with all auxiliary components.

 Securely mounted all components at the chassis.

 Corrected all defects of an AC-DC power supply.

Did the student’s overall performance meet the Yes No
standard?
Teacher’s Feedback

Teacher’s signature Date:

43
 OBSERVATION AND QUESTIONING CHECKLIST

Student’s name
Teacher’s name
Name of School
Competency
standards
Unit of
competency
Instructions for the teacher:
1. Observe the candidate in Assembling AC-DC power supply
2. Describe the assessment activity and the date when it will be undertaken.
3. Place a tick in the box to show that the student has completed each aspect of
the activity according to the standard expected in the enterprise.
4. Ask the student based on the questions in the list to confirm his/her
underpinning knowledge
5. Place a tick in the box to show that the student has answered the questions
correctly.
6. Complete the feedback sections of the form.
Date of observation
Description of assessment
activity
Location of assessment
activity
The student has If yes, tick the box
 Identified types of power supply.

 Identified parts of AC-DC power supply

 Known electronic components needed in assembling AC-
DC power supply.

 Prepared, designed, and etched Printed Circuit Board of

an AC-DC power supply.
 Mounted and soldered electronic components at the
appropriate location on the printed circuit board.

 Interconnected the PCB with all the auxiliary

components.

 Securely mounted all the components at the chassis.

 Corrected all defects of an AC-DC power supply

Yes No

Did the student’s overall performance meet the

standard?

44
 DEMONSTRATION

Student’s name:
Teacher’s name:
Unit of competency:
Competency standards:
Date of assessment:
Time of assessment:
Instructions for demonstration
Given the necessary materials the trainee/student must be able to:

Materials and equipment:

P to show if the skill has

demonstrated
During the demonstration of skills, did the
Yes No N/A
student:
 Identify types of power supply? o o o
 Identify parts of AC-DC power supply? o o o
 Know the electronic components needed in
assembling AC-DC power supply? o o o
 Prepare, design and etch printed circuit board of
an AC-DC power supply? o o o
 Mount and solder electronic components at the
appropriate location on the printed circuit o o o
board?

 Interconnect the PCB to all the auxiliary

components? o o o
 Securely mount all components at the chassis? o o o
 Correct all defects of an AC-DC power supply ? o o o
The student’s demonstration was:
Satisfactory q Not Satisfactory q

45
 WRITTEN REPORT

Student’s name:
Teacher’s name:
Name of School
Competency
standards
Unit of
competency:
Task:
Your task is to:
 Assemble AC-DC power supply

Submission date:
Use the checklist below as the basis for judging whether the student’s
report has met the required competency standards.
The student’s report states that If yes, tick the box
 The types of power supply were identified.

 The parts of AC-DC power supply were identified.

 The electronic components needed in assembling AC-DC
power supply were identified.

 The printed circuit board of an AC – DC power supply

was prepared, designed and etched.
 The electronic components mounted and soldered at the
appropriate location on the printed circuit board.

 The PCB was interconnected to all auxiliary components.

 All the components were securely mounted at the

chassis.

 All defects of an AC-DC power supply were connected.

Generally, did the student’s report meet the Yes No

standard?
Comments:

Student’s
Date:
signature:
Teacher’s
Date:
signature:

46
 PERFORMANCE TEST

Student's Name Date

Competency: Test Attempt

1st 2nd 3rd

Directions: OVERALL EVALUATION

Level
Achieved PERFORMANCE LEVELS
Ask your teacher to
assess your 4 - Can perform this skill without direct
performance in the supervision and with initiative and adaptability
to problem situations.
following critical tasks
using the performance 3 - Can perform this skill satisfactorily without
criteria below. direct assistance or supervision.

2 - Can perform this skill satisfactorily but

You will be rated based
on the overall evaluation
at the right side.
requires some assistance and/or supervision.
1 - Can perform parts of this skill satisfactorily,
but requires considerable assistance and/or
supervision.

Teacher will put initial at level achieved.

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
For acceptable achievement, all items should receive a Yes No N/A
"Yes" or "N/A" response.
 Types of power supply were identified. o o o
 Parts of AC-DC power supply were identified. o o o
 Electronic components needed in assembling AC-DC power
supply were identified. o o o
 Printed Circuit Board of an AC – DC power supply was prepared,
designed and etched. o o o
 Electronic components were mounted and soldered at the
Appropriate location on the Printed Circuit Board
o o o
 The PCB was interconnected with all the auxiliary components. o o o
 All components were securely mounted at the chassis. o o o
 All defects of an AC-DC power supply were corrected. o o o

47
 REFERENCES

1. Tan, Michael Q., Gantalao, Fred T., Lasala, Rommel M. Simple Electronics;

Andes Mountain Printers: 2004

2. Enriquez, Marcelo T. Electronics Technology IV; Souvenir Publications, Inc.:

2003
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Copyright Department of Education 2008

First Published JUNE 2008

This module is based on the Competency-Based Curriculum-Contextual

Learning Matrix (CBC-CLM) and finalized on the Instructional Modules
Finalization Development Workshop conducted at the Finalization Workshop
conducted at the Development Academy of the Philippines, Tagaytay City on
May 6 -10, 2008

This learning instrument was developed by the following personnel:

Technology Teachers:

 Mr. Vic P. Diola – Group Leader

Bauan Technical High School

 Dr. Gilbert M. Castor

Don Alejandro Roces Sr. Science-Technology High School

 Mr. Eddielou L. Dayao

Sanchez Mira School of Arts and Trades

 Mr. Rufo G. Malla

Eulogio Rodriguez Vocational High School

 Mr. Sherwin P. Medrano

San Pedro Relocation Center National High School

 Mr. Remar C. Pinsoy

Baguio National School of Arts and Trades

Contextual Teacher:
Mrs. Daisy Carousel P. Cervantes
Don Alejandro Roces Sr. Science-Technology High School

Facilitators:

 Dr. Edward M. Dela Rosa

 Dr. Corazon L. Echano

TEC-VOC Task Force

Encoders:

 Mrs. Rosario D. Briones

 Mr. Mhariel L. Echano
 Mr. Jason O. Villena
Funding: Department of Education

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Copyright: Department of Education 2009

This module is based on Competency-based Curriculum- Contextual

Learning Matrix ( CBC-CLM ) refined during the Writeshop on the Refinement
and Enrichment of Competency-Based Curriculum and Contextual Learning
Matrix of ARTS and TRADES Specializations at Marikina Hotel, Marikina City
on April 20 – 25,2009.

This learning instrument was refined and enriched by the following

educators:

Technology Teachers ( Electronics )

VICTORINO P. DIOLA – Group Leader

TVE Coordinator, Bauan Technical High School
Bauan, Batangas

GIGI C. CORPUZ
Teacher III, Malvar National High School
Malvar, Batangas

ISMAEL G. GALLARDO
Teacher I, Community Vocational High School
Masipit, Calapan City, Oriental Mindoro

REYNALDO C. CUNANAN
Head Teacher VI, EARIST Voc. High School
Nagtahan, Sampaloc, Manila

GEORGE B. FUASO
Teacher II, Gen. Mariano Alvarez Technical High School
GMA, Cavite

RUFO G. MALLA
Teacher II, EARIST Voc. High School
Nagtaha, Sampaloc, Manila

Contextual Teachers:
English

TERESITA P. TANAEL
Teacher III, Gen. Mariano Alvarez High School
GMA, Cavite

CHARLIE I. SORIANO
 Teacher I, Don Alejandro Roces, Sr. Science-Technology H.S.

Mathematics

ANALISA ROSA P. LIBRADA

Teacher I, Mathematics Coordinator
San Pedro Relocation Center National High School
San Pedro, Laguna

Science

GEMMA G. VALLARTA
Teacher III, Science Coordinator
San Pedro Relocation Center National High School
San Pedro, Laguna

LENALYN N. MANZANO
Teacher I, Physics
E. Rodriguez Vocational High School
Nagtahan, Sampaloc, Manila

Facilitators:

Dr. CORAZON L. ECHANO

Tech-Voc Task Force

Dr. VICTORIO N. MEDRANO

Tech-Voc Task Force

Dr. ORLANDO E. MANUEL

Tech-Voc Task Force

Encoder:

MARISOL E. SALDIVAR
Teacher I, Sta. Lucia High School
Pasig City