owing abou

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THE PHIL-CHI CONNECTION

 AGENDA

Know the current The impact of

relationship economically,
socially, and politically
Chinese culture on
Chinese culture
contemporary
on contemporary Philippine society
Philippine society
 RESENTERS
P
Amandy, Armae
Flores, Seannica
Legaspi, Charles
Oclima, Mark Jason
What is the current relationship between
China and the Philippines in terms of
economic, political, and social factors?
 NOMIC FACTO
CO RS
E The economic relationship between
China and the Philippines has been
a complex and evolving one.
China is one of the Philippines'
largest trading partners.

The two countries have also had

longstanding territorial disputes in
the South China Sea, which have
strained their diplomatic ties.

The COVID-19 pandemic has

brought additional tensions to the
economic relationship.
 NOMIC FACTO
CO RS
E China is one of the Philippines'
largest trading partners.

In 2020, China was the Philippines' top source of imports and its third-
largest export market. Bilateral trade between the two countries reached
$29.73 billion in 2020, despite the pandemic's impact on global trade.

This means that the exchange of goods and services between the two
countries was not affected as much as it would because of the global
pandemic. Significant investments from and in China and the investments
done by Philippines by numerous sizable Filipino commercial organizations
dominate the Philippine economy. These investments had been done for the
two-way trade connections of the two nations,
 NOMIC FACTO
CO RS
E The two countries have also had
longstanding territorial disputes in
the South China Sea, which have
strained their diplomatic ties.

The Philippines has been a vocal critic of China's

claims to the region, which overlap with the
Philippines' exclusive economic zone.

The Philippines has an exclusive economic zone that

covers 2,263,816 square kilometers (874,064 sq
mi) of sea. It claims an EEZ of 200 nautical miles
(370 km) from its shores.
 NOMIC FACTO
CO RS
E
How is this a problem?

The Spratly Islands are significant for Philippine territory both

strategically and economically. The Spratly region is one of the busiest
areas for commercial shipping traffic, has productive fishing grounds,
and may contain sizeable, but largely unexplored, oil and natural gas
reserves. If neighboring nations' claims were accepted, the region would
also receive an extended continental shelf.

The Philippines claims part of the area as its territory under UNCLOS, or
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, an agreement parts of
which have been ratified by the countries involved in the Spratly islands
dispute. However, China (PRC), Taiwan (ROC), and Vietnam are the only
ones to have made claims based on historical sovereignty of the islands.

 NOMIC FACTO
CO RS
E
It must be noted that UNCLOS is an international
agreement that establishes a legal framework for all
maritime activities and must be followed by all nations
involved. And with that, relations between People's
Republic of China and the Philippines have suffered due
to the worsening South China Sea dispute.
 NOMIC FACTO
CO RS
E The COVID-19 pandemic has
brought additional tensions to the
economic relationship.

In correlation to territorial disputes, the pandemic-

fueled economic downturn has made things even
worse. In an article by the Deutsche Welle, an
international media outlet, coronavirus-related
lockdown measures complicating distribution of fish
catches, are threatening the survival of Filipino
fishermen, according to activists.
 NOMIC FACTO
CO RS
E The COVID-19 pandemic has
brought additional tensions to the
economic relationship.

Because of the economic slowdown brought on by a

prolonged pandemic lockdown, alternative livelihoods such as
construction work have disappeared. This was a nationwide
concern brought by the pandemic from the Chinese nation.
How does the Philippines-China
connection fare in the
political aspect ?
Current Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos met President Xi
Jinping in the hope of deepening bilateral trade and investment
ties and addressing security concerns. In important areas of
cooperation, 14 bilateral agreements were inked, adding to the
hundreds that already exist between the two nations. In an effort
to address matters amicably and for the mutual benefit of the two
nations, President Marcos has also indicated his intention to bring
up the subject of territorial disputes in the South China Sea.
The Philippines' Office of the Press Secretary also stated that the
two countries would sign “several business agreements” during
the president’s visit. These include agreements on the trade of
agricultural products, the renewal of the Philippines’ agreement
on its participation in China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), a
planned memorandum of understanding (MoU) in digital
cooperation, and an MoU on tourism cooperation.
Some of the bilateral deals that were signed issued as news by The
Office of the Press Secretary were the following:

A joint action plan for 2023 to 2025 on agricultural and fisheries cooperation;
An MoU on cooperation on the BRI;
An MoU on digital and information and communications technology (ICT) cooperation;
A protocol of phytosanitary requirements for the export of fresh durians from the Philippines to China;
An MoU on tourism;
An MoU on electronic commerce cooperation;
An MOU on the Development Cooperation Plan for the years 2023 to 2025; and
An agreement on economic and technical cooperation.
In addition to the above agreements, the two sides have reportedly agreed
upon several infrastructure investment and financing agreements, which
serve to fill a funding shortfall. These include sealing the handover certificate
of two - China-funded bridge projects in Manila (the Binondo-Intramuros
bridge and the Estrella-Pantaleon bridge), a framework agreement for the
RMB portion of the loan financing for three priority projects of the
Philippines’ Department of Public Works, and Highways (DPWH), and four
loan agreements for the mixed-credit financing (USD and RMB) of three
priority bridge projects.
How does the Philippines-China
connection fare in the
social aspect ?
Philippine-China relations would remain stable unless there’s a
significant provocation or confrontation. Among the countries of
the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), both noted
that only the Philippines' relations with China are at the level of
cooperation and not a formal (strategic) partnership.
China and the Philippines established formal diplomatic relations in
1975. Relations between the two countries have been “predominantly
warm and cordial” over the years, as expressed by the Office of the Press
Secretary. Relations between the Philippines and Chinese were slow but
long and tiresome Filipinos viewed the Spaniards regarding of being
against Chinese since it generally open to racial and cultural relation.
China and the Philippines established formal diplomatic relations in
1975. Relations between the two countries have been “predominantly
warm and cordial” over the years, as expressed by the Office of the Press
Secretary. Relations between the Philippines and Chinese were slow but
long and tiresome Filipinos viewed the Spaniards regarding of being
against Chinese since it generally open to racial and cultural relation.
China's friendly interactions with the Philippines date back to over a
millennium ago. China brings to the Philippines not colonization or war, but
cooperation and friendship. After taking office, President Duterte made the
strategic decision to improve relations with China, and rainbows appeared
in China-Philippines relations after the rainstorms.Until now that
President Marcos was the president relationship between China and
Philippines was “predominantly warm and cordial”.
What is the impact of Chinese culture on contemporary
Philippine society in comparison with the impact of
Chinese culture on 19th century Philippines?
In the contemporary world, we have the attitude to ask "ate, wala
na po bang tawad" or "may discount pa po ba para dito?"

Frugality is an integral part of the Chinese culture. This is

ingrained in our own Filipino culture, even if we ask our parents
about it.
Haggling is a way of life in China, according to an article by Xin Lu
titled Chinese Money Habits—How My Culture Influences my
Attitude Towards Money. If you ever go to China, make sure to ask
for discounts of at least 50% to 75%, he said. Lu noted that because
of their actions, Chinese people have a reputation for being stingy.
When we celebrate new year, it's as if New Year cannot be
celebrated without firecrackers and fireworks. This also
originated from the Chinese, dated back from 200 BC until this
influenced us Filipinos. According to the report in an article by
GMA News, many Filipinos and Chinese believe that fireworks
ward off misfortune and bring in good luck.
Another impact by the Chinese culture on the contemporary
Philippine society is the usage of ang pao, a red envelope with a
monetary gift that is given during family gatherings, especially
when Christmas or New year in the Philippines.
How is it all different during the 19th century?

Numerous Chinese immigrants came to the Spanish Philippines in order to take

advantage of the Galleon Trade, which allowed goods to be transported between
China and Mexico. Numerous Chinese integrated into Filipino culture by mating
with indigenous Indios and other peoples as well as with Spaniards. Many people
became relatively wealthy, gained social status, and, particularly in the 19th and
20th centuries, increased their political clout through the successful acquisition
of farmland through trade in the 18th and 19th centuries.
 Meet the Cojuangcos

HTTPS://PHILNEWS.PH/2019/09/26/COJUANGCO-FAMILY-HOW-WEALTHY/
One such wealthy family was the Cojuangcos, from which president Corazon
Aquino and numerous other influential politicians and industrialists were from.

According to the study of E. Wickberg, The Chinese Mestizo in Philippine History,

The Chinese mestizo rose to prominence between 1741 and 1898, primarily as a
landholder and a middleman wholesaler of local produce and foreign imports,
although there were also mestizos in the professions. The rise of the mestizos
implies the existence of social change during the Spanish period, a condition that
has been ignored or implicitly denied by many who have written about the
Philippines.
Chinese mestizo was an active agent of hispanization and the leading force in
creating a Filipino culture characteristic now of Manila and the larger towns.

Over the generations, the Chinese elevated themselves in status through

intermarriage and business ventures. Eventually, a mixed-race mestizo de
sangley class emerged. These mestizos were far from the workers and tradesmen
that were their ancestors; they were bourgeois, educated, leaders of the
economy. Their sons went on to study at prestigious colleges, and even Europe to
learn liberalism. They called themselves enlightened, ilustrado.
With this, a process of social change during the Spanish period, mestizos became
the marginal element, acting as a catalytic agent. Where money economy
penetrated into the different parts of the Philippines, and the majority of the
people with money were the provincial governors and the mestizos.
Salamat!
Thank you for listening