WHAT IS AN ?

FINDING THE VERTICAL ASYMPTOTES

They are the restrictions on the
x – values of a
reduced rational function. To find the
restrictions,
equate the denominator to 0 and
solve for x.
FINDING THE HORIZONTAL ASYMPTOTES
Let n be the degree of numerator and m be the
degree of denominator:
• n < m, y = 0
𝑎
• n = m, y = (*a & b are numerical coefficient)
𝑏
• n > m, there is no horizontal asymptote
FIND THE DEGREE OF POLYNOMIAL

5𝑥 1 𝑥2 −2𝑥5 −𝑥 5
𝑥 −4 1 𝑦2 −𝑦+1 2
2𝑥3 − 𝑥 − 4 3
8 0
 FINDING THE ASYMPTOTES
𝟑
𝒇 𝒙 =
𝒙−𝟓
𝑥−5=0
𝑥=5
𝒏<𝒎

𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 vertical asymptote is 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 horizontal asymptote

x = 5. is y = 0.
 FINDING THE ASYMPTOTES
𝟒𝒙 −𝟐
𝒇 𝒙 =
𝒙+𝟐
𝑥+2=0 𝑎 4
𝑥 = −2 𝒏=𝒎 𝑏
=
1
=4

𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 vertical asymptote is 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 horizontal asymptote

x = -2. is y = 4.
 FINDING THE ASYMPTOTES
𝟑𝒙+𝟒
2𝑥 + 1 (𝑥 + 1) 𝒇 𝒙 =
𝟐𝒙𝟐+𝟑𝒙+𝟏
2𝑥 + 1 = 0 (𝑥 + 1 = 0)
1
𝑥=− , 𝑥 = −1 𝒏<𝒎
2

𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 vertical asymptotes 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 horizontal asymptote

𝟏
are 𝒙 = − and x = -1. is y = 0.
𝟐
 FINDING THE ASYMPTOTES
𝟒𝒙𝟑 −𝟏
3𝑥 + 5 (𝑥 − 1) 𝒇 𝒙 =
𝟑𝒙𝟐+𝟐𝒙 − 𝟓
3𝑥 + 5 = 0 (𝑥 − 1 = 0)
5
𝑥=− , 𝑥=1 𝒏>𝒎
3

𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 vertical asymptotes 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝑛𝑜 horizontal

𝟓
are 𝒙 = − and x = 1. asymptote for the given function.
𝟑
 FINDING THE ASYMPTOTES
𝟐
𝒙 −𝟒𝒙+𝟑 (𝒙 −𝟏)(𝒙 −𝟑)
𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒇 𝒙 =
𝒙𝟐− 𝟓𝒙+𝟒 (𝒙 −𝟏)(𝒙 −𝟒)
𝑥−4=0
𝑎 1
𝑥=4 𝒏=𝒎 𝑏
=
1
=1

𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 vertical asymptote is 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 horizontal asymptote

x = 4. is y = 1.
Thank you