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Dedicated to my students

My student, you are the best


Of all the rest
Promise me that you will never admit defeat
Your dedication is visible to everyone you meet
So soothing is your smile
I am amazed for a while

I have students everywhere


But like you are very rare
I can never forget you

Because you are like a drop of shining dew


From a leaf split apart
Your fond memories will always shine in my heart
Yes, I believe in you
Yes, I am proud of you
Don’t ever give up
Yes, you can and you will do it

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Sentence:He was put under arrest,


and his subaltern brought the
1. Bolster:(शक्तिवर्द्धन करना) to
command out of town.
support or encourage
somebody/something; to make
5. Catchment: (जलग्रह) something
something stronger
that catches water.
Synonyms:strengthen, support,
Synonyms:river-basin, headwater,
reinforce, boost
impoundment
Antonyms: undermine, block,
Sentence: Catchment area has
decrease, halt
been set up near the river.
Sentence:The fall in interest rates
is starting to bolster confidence .
6. Towering : (ऊंचा) rising high.
Synonyms: high, tall, lofty,
2. Persuasive: (कुछ करने या मानने के elevated
लिए राज़ी करने में समर्थ) able to Antonyms:low, inferior
persuade somebody to do or Sentence:We looked up at the
believe something. towering cliffs above us.
Synonyms: convincing, effective,
cogent, potent 7. Factional: (गटु ीय) involving a group
Antonyms: unconvincing, weak within a larger group, especially
Sentence:She pleaded with me in one with slightly different ideas
her most persuasive voice. from the main group.
Synonyms: atypical, conflicting,
3. Legitimation : (वैध करना) The act of contrary, disparate
making something legitimate. Antonyms:
Synonyms: validation, harmonious,alike,conforming
legalization, formalization Sentence:The alliance is divided
Antonyms: denial, disallowance, by factional infighting.
refusal, prohibition
Sentence: The government fear 8. Beholden - (कृतज्ञ) owing thanks or
that talking to terrorists might having a duty to someone in
legitimize their violent actions. return for help or a service.
Synonyms: indebted, obligated,
4. Subaltern : (सब से नीचा) of lower honour-bound, grateful
status.. Antonyms: unobligated,
Synonyms: assistant, inferior, irresponsible
subordinate Sentence:I don’t like to beholden
Antonyms: superior, senior

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to anybody. 15.Delve:((किसी की) गहरी खोज करना) to
search inside something
9. Entrench - (गढ़ना) establish (an Synonyms:inquire, probe,
attitude, habit or belief) so firmly investigate
that change is very difficult or Antonyms: ignore, neglect
unlikely. Sentence:The essay does not
Synonyms: establish, settle, delve deeper into the matter.
ensconce, install
Antonyms:eliminate, eradicate, 16.Ingenuity: (प्रतिभा, कौशल) the
dislodge quality of being clever, original
Sentence: These attitudes are and inventive
deeply entrenched in our culture. Synonyms: inventiveness,
creativity, innovation
10. Sobering - (गम्भीरता की ओर) Antonyms: clumsiness,
making you feel serious incapacity, ignorance
Synonyms: grievous, sedate, Sentence:She showed ingenuity in
serious finding ways to cut costs.
Antonyms: insignificant, trivial,
unimportant 17. Elude : (पकड़े जाने से बच जाना, बच
Sentence: Sobering scenes of निकलना) To manage to avoid being
destruction were seen during war. caught.
Synonyms: dodge, evade, flee,
11."Drop the guard": to stop being bypass
careful to avoid danger or Antonyms: aid, assist, abet
difficulty Sentence: He managed to elude
the police by disappearing into the
12. "No small measure": largely or crowd.
mostly
18. Contentious : (विवादपर्ण
ू ) likely to
13. "Head off": intercept and cause cause argument
someone or something to turn Synonyms:
aside controversial,disputable,
debatable
14. "Tighten the leash": to closely Antonyms: uncontroversial,
control someone’s actions and peaceful, nonaggressive
allow them very little freedom to Sentence:The director had a
do things they want to do contentious relationship with the
eccentric actor.

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23. Spurious - (नक़ली) false,
19. Vogue: ((किसी बात का) फ़ैशन या although seeming to be genuine.
प्रचलन) a fashion for something Synonyms: bogus, fake,
Synonyms:fashion, trend, style counterfeit
Antonyms:unpopular, outdated, Antonyms: authentic, genuine,
unstylish real
Sentence:When did Thai food Sentence:The will looks spurious
come into vogue?. to me.

20. Unambiguous : (स्पष्ट) not open 24. Solatium - (मआ ु वजा) a thing
to more than one interpretation. given to someone as a
Synonyms: obvious, univocal, compensation or consolation
apparent, distinct Synonyms: indemnity,
Antonyms: ambiguous, clouded, recompense, damages
cryptic Antonyms: penalty, punishment,
Sentence:We expressed our fine
intentions in unambiguous terms. Sentence:One lac rupees were
offered as solatium to terrorist
21. Longevity: (गट ु ीय) long life; the attack victims.
fact of lasting a long time
Synonyms: durability, endurance, 25. "Whittle something away": to
eternity make something gradually
Antonyms: fragility, frailty, decrease in value or amount
instability
Sentence:The misconception has 26. "Snuff out": to stop or destroy
enjoyed remarkable longevity. something completely

22. Unleash - ( तीब्र बल या भावना के 27. Contemporary:(समकालीन)


प्रवाह को उन्मक्
ु त कर दे ना या उसके असर belonging to the same time as
को अनभ ु व करना) to suddenly let a somebody/something else
strong force, emotion etc be felt or Synonyms:modern, current,
have an effect present-day
Synonyms: release, unloose, Antonyms: old-fashioned, out of
unbridle date
Antonyms: restrain, contain, Sentence:He was contemporary of
regulate, inhibit Darwin.
Sentence:The failure of the talks
could unleash more fighting. 28. Brute: (क्रूर/निर्दय ) a cruel,

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violent man obscuration, concealment
Synonyms: savage, fiend, thug, Sentence:The whole of divine
ruffian revelation comes to full fruition in
Antonyms: benevolent, good, him.
gentle
Sentence:He was a cold-blooded 33. Oblivion: (गम ु नामी, भल
ु ा दे ना) the
brute. state of being completely
forgotten by the public
29. Refute : ( असत्य ठहराना) to say Synonyms: obscurity,
that a claim is unfair and not true. nothingness, anonymity
Synonyms: deny, rebut, negate Antonyms: remembrance,
Antonyms: confirm, agree, recollection, reminiscence
approve Sentence:His name will fade into
Sentence:This is a claim that is oblivion.
easy to refute.
34. Murky - ( अंधकारपर्ण ू ) dark and
30. Sneer: (तिरस्‍कार भरे शब्‍द) to dirty or difficult to see through
speak in unpleasant way that shows Synonyms: dark, gloomy, dull
no respect Antonyms: bright, sunny
Synonyms: smirk, snigger, jibe Sentence:It was a murky night,
Antonyms:compliment, admiration with no moon.
Sentence:I notice the sneer in
their voices. 35. Strident - ((सव्‍ र या ध्वनि) तीव्र और
कर्णकटु) (used about a voice or a
31. Annex: (अन्‍य दे श पर बलपर्व
ू क sound) loud and unpleasant.
अधिकार कर लेना) to take control of Synonyms: raucous, shrill,
another country or region by force screeching
Synonyms:take over, conquer Antonyms: soft, dulcet, subdued
Antonyms:relinquish, forfeit Sentence:I adopted a less strident
Sentence:The dictator tried to tone and tried to reason with my
annex the neighboring state. opponent.

32. Revelation : ( खल ु ासा) the act of 36. Imperceptible - (इतना छोटा कि


making known something that दिखने में न आए या जिस पर ध्यान न
was secret. जाए) too small to be seen or
Synonyms: disclosure, noticed
declaration, divulgence Synonyms: unnoticeable,
Antonyms:dissimulation, undetectable, indistinguishable

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Antonyms:obvious, noticeable unpleasant, especially a crime
Sentence:His head moved in an Synonyms: incriminate,
almost imperceptible nod. compromise, involve, connect
Antonyms: absolve, exonerate,
37. "Go to great lengths": to make exculpate
more effort than usual in order to Sentence:Don’t try to implicate
achieve something me; I had nothing to do with it.

38. "Dead load": something that 43. Proposition: ( सझ ु ाव) an idea, a


makes change or progress plan or an offer, especially in
extremely difficult business; a suggestion
Synonyms: proposal, plan,
39. "Cast a dark shadow": to make manifesto, project
a situation seem less hopeful and Antonyms:reality, truth
more likely to end badly Sentence:he made an attractive
business proposition.
40. Exhort:(प्रोत्साहित करना)
Strongly encourage or urge 44. Stringent: ( बहुत कठोर) (used
(someone) to do something about a law, rule, etc.) very strict
Synonyms:encourage, ejoin, urge, Synonyms:strict, rigid, rigorous
call on Antonyms:lenient, flexible
Antonyms: discourage, Sentence: There are very stringent
dishearten, dispirit, demoralize rules in the event of an insurance
Sentence:A good leader will claim.
exhort people to achieve success.
45. Payoff : (मनु ाफ़ा · फ़ायदा) a final
41.Repudiate: (परित्याग करना) to say outcome or result..
that you refuse to accept or Synonyms: outcome, culmination,
believe something conclusion, denouement
Synonyms: reject, renounce, Antonyms: beginning, cause,
abandon, forswear origin
Antonyms: embrace, accept, Sentence: You will have to work
welcome hard but there will be a big payoff
Sentence:I will continue to in the end.
repudiate that accusation.
46. Predictable: ( पर्वा
ू नमु ेय) that was
42. Implicate : (फंसाना) to show that or could be expected to happen
somebody is involved in something Synonyms: foreseeable, expected,

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unsurprising 52. "Running amok: in a violently
Antonyms: improbable, raging, wild or uncontrolled
unexpected, unforeseen manner
Sentence:The ending of the book
was entirely predictable. 53. Induct:( नियक्ु त करना)
To formally give somebody a
47. Remediate - ( उपचार) provide a position of authority, especially as
remedy for; redress or make right. part of a ceremony
Synonyms: remedy, expediment, Synonyms: recruit, enlist, swear
amend, rectify in
Antonyms: harm, damage, injure Antonyms: expel, take away
Sentence: The most serious flaws Sentence:The club will induct six
are easy to remediate. new members this year.

48. Flaw - (गलती) an imperfection 54. Substantive: (वास्तविक) having


or weakness. a firm basis in reality and so
Synonyms: blemish, fault, important, meaningful, or
imperfection considerate
Antonyms: perfection, fine point, Synonyms: actual, authentic,
strong point certain
Sentence:The diamond is reduced Antonyms: counterfeit, disputable,
in price because it has a flaw. doubtful
Sentence:Substantive research on
49. Stern - (कठोर, बहुत गंभीर) very the subject needs to be carried
serious; not smiling out.
Synonyms: serious, severe, grim
Antonyms: genial, friendly 55. Resilience: (कुछ बरु ा होने के बाद
Sentence:He stood at the stern of फिर से प्रसन्न, सफल आदि होने की क्षमता
the yacht. ) the quality of being able to return
quickly to a previous good condition
50. "Tempering your zeal": a great after problems
energy or enthusiasm in pursuit of Synonyms: tenacity, toughness,
a cause or a objective strength, grit
Antonyms: weakness,
51. "Go to any lengths": to make a helplessness
great or extreme effort to do Sentence:His natural resilience
something enabled him to come through the
crisis unscathed.

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56. Anomaly: (असामान्‍यता, असंगति) होनी शरू
ु हो, किसी घटना के घटित होने का
something that is different from what आरं भ-बिंद ु ) the level at which
is normal or usual something starts to happen
Synonyms: oddity, peculiarity, Synonyms:brink, verge, dawn
abnormality Antonyms:completion,
Antonyms:normality, conformity, conclusion, end
regularity Sentence:She was on the
Sentence:The apparent anomaly threshold of a dazzling career.
that those who produced wealth
were the poorest. 60. Unlikely - ( संभावना नहीं) not likely
to happen, be done, or be true;
57. Uncharted: ( अज्ञात, नक्शे में दर्ज improbable.
नहीं ) (of an area of land or sea) not Synonyms: improbable, not likely,
mapped or surveyed; (of a place) doubtful
never before described Antonyms: likely, certain,
Synonyms:unexplored, believable
undiscovered, unresearched Sentence:He was an unlikely
Antonyms:identified, discovered, choice as mayor.
detected
Sentence:The plane landed on a 61. Expectedly - (उम्मीद करना, उम्मीद
previously uncharted islet. रखना ) used for saying that
someone expects or expected
58. Rubicon : (एक सीमा जिसे पार करने something.
पर वापस नहीं किया जा सकता है , या कोई Synonyms:unsurprisingly,
क्रिया जिसे लेने पर उलटा नहीं किया जा obviously, ordinarily
सकता है ।) a limit or point that is Antonyms: unannounced,
reached when the results of one’s unheralded, unpredicted
actions cannot be changed. Sentence:The hotel is expectedly
elegant and regularly rated the
Synonyms:defining moment, number one ski hotel.
decisive moment, flash point,
critical juncture 62. Worrying - (चिंताजनक) making
Antonyms: gap, fissure, rift you feel unhappy and frightened
Sentence:They had crossed the Synonyms: bothered, burdened,
rubicon and felt that there was no disquieted
return. Antonyms: unworried,
lighthearted, upbeat
59. Threshold: (सत
्‍ र जहाँ से कोई चीज़ Sentence:It must be worrying for

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you not to know where he is. Sentence:He had to learn to
temper his enthusiasm..
63. "Push into uncharted territory":
an activity or subject that people 70. Penchant: (अत्यधिक रुचि; झक ु ाव;
do not know anything about or विशेष रुचि ) something that you like
have not experienced before very much to do
Synonyms: liking, taste,
64. "Barreled through": to move preference
very quickly in a deliberate or Antonyms: disliking, averseness,
determined way repulsion
Sentence: They had penchant for
65. "Need of the hour”: a need or a moonlight walks.
demand present at a particular
time 71.Frosty: (रूखा और अमैत्रीपर्ण
ू ) cold and
unfriendly
66. "Blown apart": to completely Synonyms: unfriendly,
destroy something in an explosion unsympathetic, inhospitable
Antonyms: neighbourly, affable,
67. "Little surprise": predictable, companionable
anticipated Sentence:They were behaving in a
very frosty manner.
68. Fulmination:(जोरदार विरोध)
An expression of vehement 72. Trenchant: ( कटु आलोचना,तीखे
protest विचार,तीखी टिप्पणी ) vigorous or
Synonyms: objection, incisive in expression or style
condemnation, denunciation Synonyms: scathing, pungent,
Antonyms: compliment, flattery, caustic, incisive
support Antonyms: appeasing, mollifying
Sentence:Her complaint took the Sentence:His most trenchant
form of fulmination, not reasoned criticism is reserved for the party
argument. leader.

69. Temper: (नरम, मध्यम, शान्त) to 73. Stint : (किसी काम को करने में लगी
moderate or mitigate निशिच्‍ त अवधि ) a fixed period of time
Synonyms: moderate, modify, that you spend doing something
modulate Synonyms: spell, stretch, period
Antonyms: weaken, damage,hurt, Antonyms: permanence,
harm constancy

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Sentence:I enjoyed my two year less harsh in sound or colour
stint in Dubai.
79. "Quite a few": a fairly large
74. Speedy: (तेज़, द्रत ु गामी; शीघ्र, number
तत्‍काल) fast, quick
Synonyms: rapid, swift, quick, fast 80. "Walk thin line”: to navigate or
Antonyms: slow, leisurely, dilatory strike a balance between two
Sentence:We need a speedy sides, positions or approaches to
resolution of the problem. something, especially when trying
to avoid one of them
75. Heft -( वज़न, भार ) lift or carry
(something heavy). 81. "At the forefront": in a leading
Synonyms: manhandle, heave, position
hoist
Antonyms: drop, sink, lower,
submerge
Sentence:They lacked the political
heft to get the formulation banned.

76. Invitee - ( आमंत्रित व्यक्ति) a


person who has been invited to go
somewhere or to do something
Synonyms: guest, guest of honour
Antonyms: host, anchor, occupant
Sentence: I do not know that they
came here exactly as invitees or
even as refugees..

77. Envoy - (दत


ू ) a messenger or
representative, especially one on
a diplomatic mission
Synonyms: ambassador,
emissary, attache’
Antonyms: nonrepresentative,
Sentence:She was United Nations’
special envoy.

78. "Tone down": make something

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TESTIMONIALS

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