CERTAIN ASPECTS THAT INFLUENCED G12 ABM STUDENTS IN CONDE LABAC

INTEGRATED SCHOOL TO CHOOSE THE ABM STRAND

Review of Related Literature

Students who elect to study may do so for a variety of reasons. They may be

interested in business education because they want to learn about in investments,

develop computer skills, or understand how economic principles apply to life. They may

study business because they intend to go to work as stated by Perez (2015).

The future of students depends om their chosen course which needs to be

thought twice before they decide. Personal interest at strengths are the two-important

part of their decision according to their course and profession. In their decision, their

parents have the important role for their children’s sake. It is also influenced their friends

in their decision because friends are sometimes with them. Students who choose

business-related courses for a variety of reasons. These students may be interested in

learning the basics of entrepreneurship so they can start their own business in the

future.

The importance of money to every individual is like the importance of water in our

body (Hernandez, 2016), students who are interested in knowing transactions and cash

flow most likely choose ABM as their strand. As defined in introduction, Accounting

involves measurement, processing and communication of financial information about

economic entities, some of the student’s attributes may according to Tinto (n.d.), each

institution must examine its mission when designing a retention program and each

institution must be prepared to meet the needs of the individual student.

 Moxley (2001) stressed the value of career awareness stating that, “The idea of

career can help students to make sense of the choices, decisions, and transitions they

face” (p. 87). This is a state of consciousness or knowledge of something. Career

awareness is very essential in every students to complete focused attention. It will help

students to make sense of the choices.

Tharenou (2001), writing in the Journal of Occupational and Organizational

Psychology, discussed how many researchers have attempted to show that motivation

and success in training are highly correlated. The choice of a career, and the student’s

ability to pursue that career, might be highly motivating factors.

Linnenbrink and Pintrich (2002) theorized that motivation was multifaceted,

containing at least four separate components. One of the components affecting student

academic success was intrinsic motivation. Motivation is a dynamic trait. According to

Linnenbrink and Pintrich, and students’ personal interests have the potential to influence

motivation, and thereby influence academic achievement.

Motivation are helpful because it is a reason or incentive for acting or behaving

particular way, Desire or willingness to do something and determination or ambition to

achieve something. Recently researchers have also begun to investigate the

relationship between interests and academic success. There have been some studies

of how interest in a field of study could motivate students to be more successful in

college (Schiefele et al., 1992).

The K-12 program offers a decongested 12-year program that gives students

sufficient time to master skills and absorb basic competencies. The K-12 program
accelerates mutual recognition of Filipino graduates and professionals in other countries

(K-12 Philippines, 2015).

According to Elmer (1989) as cited in Arguelles and Miranda (2014) ,

specialization planning is life goal setting. Sound decision -making is a need to prevent

any misfits and to assist students in the process of solidifying their course

specialization. Below are several theories on the choice of specialization. Marciszewski

(2006) claimed that accreditation speaks to the quality of a school’s programs and can

affect a school’s ability to recruit students. Students also want good facilities. This may

also help to recruit students. Sometimes the other students, they are going to first look

to facilities or the background of the school if that school may suit of their courses they

want.

Kuh (2005) agreed that persistence and educational attainment rates must

improve. But they pointed out that not everyone agrees on how to compute graduation

rates. The reasons many students do not achieve their postsecondary goals or benefit

at optimal levels from the college experience, the waste of human talent and potential is

unconscionable

Wlodkowski (1985) claimed that students with well defined goals are more highly

motivated and more eager to learn. Goals are an optimistic expectation of something

that might occur in the future. It is also the best or most favorable condition, or the

greatest amount or degree possible under specific sets of comparable circumstances.

Spangler (1994) indicated that this makes the student’s choice of a school very

important. If the school is unable to provide the type of educational experience the
student expects, the student is likely to leave school prematurely.

According to Tinto (n.d.), each institution must examine its mission when

designing a retention program and each institution must be prepared to meet the needs

of the individual student.

Young person’s goals and aspiration may have many types and go through many

steps and adjustments; some are factual and realistic; some can go far from their

desirous thinking. In choosing their course, sometimes they want that specific course

they are taking up but as time goes by the student. It is because of the wand. New

experiences or things had encountered.

They can base it from the thing that they want to do, want job in the future, and

they want in life. Through this they will never be regret the course that they have chosen

because they are really want this work. This will be the reason of a successful person.

In the study of Siguan Jr., (1994) as cited in Sonsona (2012) self-concept was also

found significant on the choice of specialization of students.

To Holland (2000) as cited in Sonsona (2012), specialization choice is an

expression or an extension of personality into the world of work followed by subsequent

identification with specific occupational stereotype. This approach can also have in

explaining why certain students choose their strand as their specialization.

According to the study conducted by Siguan Jr. (1994), it was found out that the

students self-concept showed no significant influence on their career preferences. The

academic achievements of students proved to be significant related to their career

preferences. The school were students came from had no influence on their choice
career. He recommends that a more improved and functional guidance in school to help

students make sound career choices. The guidance services in school must be

collaborative efforts of the administrator, guidance counselors, and teachers. Classroom

teachers encouraged to do their best in improving teaching learning processes,

considering that academic achievement of student influence their career preferences.

Personal interest, abilities, skills, and values are the most influenced factors in

coming chosen occupation by the participants according to Pabiton (2007). These imply

that like other graduating students in high school students, the participants seemed to

have chosen occupation. She also noted that the students be given all the chances to

learn and develop the skills and attitudes required for various occupation. She

recommends that career counselors could give more emphasis on this environmental

factor during individual and small group career counseling.

 Conceptual Framework

Decision of
Students

Dependent

Course that they

want

Why students choose

ABM Strand?
Influence by their
friends

Independent Choice of parent

Budget

Figure 1. Relationship between Independent and Dependent Variables

The Independent variables shows the Influence by their friends, Choice of parent

and Budget that cause of students why they choose Accountancy, Business and

Management. Dependent variables show why students choose Accountancy, Business,

and Management Strands by the Decision of students and course that they want.
Theoretical Framework

William Bark’s Choice Theory

The theory of Choice of William Bark "is based on the simple premise that every

individual only has the power to control themselves and has limited power to control

others. Applying Choice Theory allows one to take responsibility for one’s own life and

at the same time, withdraw from attempting to direct other people’s decisions and lives.

Individuals are empowered to take responsibility for their choices and support others in

taking ownership of their choices. Negative behaviors reduce in frequency and intensity,

relationships strengthen and satisfaction in life increases” (William, 1998)

This theory may help to any students to justify their choices in their choosing

strand. This is also mean that action must be taken in life decision and give

responsibility because it is important to everyone. Choosing of strand was never easy

since k-12 curriculum is new in our county and there are several strands that make the

students became confused and Accountancy, Business, and Management is one of it.

The researchers are committed with their consumptions that most ABM students choose

their strands because of their interests and only a small part of them is influence by their

family and friends.

The focus of the study was on Grade 12 students particularly Accountancy,

Business, and Management students. We want to know the certain aspects that

influenced G12 ABM students in Conde Labac Integrated School to choose the ABM

strand.