Civil Engineering May 2021 Review Innovations Surveying 4

EARTHWORKS b. Compute the volume by prismoidal c. What is the area of the section at station
formula. 0+250?
Problem 1: c. Determine the prismoidal correction.
Compute the side slope and the base of the
given cross-section that has an area of 31.7 m2. Problems for Practice:
CUT AND FILL SECTIONS 1. From station 10+100 with center height of
9.8 0 7.4 3.4m in cut has a ground line which makes
+2.4 +2.64 +1.2 Problem 4: uniform slope of -4% to station 10+180 whose
Given the following cross sections center height in fill is 1.2m. Assume both
Problem 2: Base for cut = 9m Sideslope = 1:1 sections to be trapezoidal having a width of
Find the value of x if the width of the roadway Base for fill = 8m Sideslope = 1.5:1 roadway of 8.0 m and sideslope of 1:1 for both
for cut is 6m and 4.8m in fill. Side slope is 1:1 Station 3+000 cut and fill. If the shrinkage factor is 1.3,
Also, compute the area of cut and fill. 5.48 0 5.0 compute the difference in volume of cut and
+0.98 +3.05 +0.50 fill in cu m.
X 0.60 0 5.46 Answer: 996.18 m3
-2.64 0 +0.39 +2.46 Station 3+060
6.76 0 4.63 Situation 1:
Problem 3: -1.84 -1.22 -0.42 Given the following cross-section notes for
The following data are cross-section notes of a road in cut:
the ground which will be excavated for a a. Compute the volume of cut using end area 10.00 0 7.80
roadway. method.
+2.50 +4.23 +1.40
b. Find the volume of fill using end area
Station 4+120 method.
8.00 0 9.20 2. What is the width of the roadway?
+2.00 +3.2 +2.80 Problem 5: 3. What is the sideslope?
From Station 0+200 with center height of 1.4 m 4. What is the area of the cross-section?
Station 4+160 in fill, the ground line makes a uniform slope
9.50 0 10.70 of +5% to station 0+260 whose center height is Answers: 10 m;
+3.00 +2.6 +3.80 2.8 m in cut. Assuming both sections to be 2:1;
trapezoidal with a roadway of 10m and 47.4 m2
The base road is 10 m and the sideslopes are sideslope of 2:1
1.5:1 a. Compute the grade of the finished roadway.
a. Find the volume of excavation by end area b. How far from station 0+200 will the filling
method. extend?

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Civil Engineering May 2021 Review Innovations Surveying 4

EARTHWORKS Five Level Cross Section

Level Cross Section

1
A5 L = ( BC + fRdR + fLdL)
2
VOLUME BY END AREA METHOD

It is assumed that the volume between successive cross sections is the average
Three Level Cross Section of their areas multiplied by the distance between them.

L
Ve = (A1 + A 2 )
2
VOLUME BY PRISMOIDAL FORMULA

L
Vp = (A1 + 4A m + A 2 )
6
Am is determined by averaging the corresponding linear dimensions of the end
sections and NOT by averaging the end areas A1 and A2.

PRISMOIDAL CORRECTION

1 L
(c1 − c2 )(d1 − d 2 ) V p = Ve − C p
A3 L = [C (d R + d L ) + B (hR + hL )] Cp =
12
2 2
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