DR. JOSE P.

RIZAL SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET 6

STATISTICS & PROBABILITY
Name of Learner: Section:

Grade Level: Date:

MEAN, VARIANCE and STANDARD DEVIATION OF THE SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAMPLE MEAN
Activity Sheet Title
A. Background Information for the Learner:
The sampling distribution is a significant idea in Statistics. It is considered to be a foundation and essential to learn.
We could have better knowledge about the population using statistical inference.
Sampling distribution of the sample means is a frequency distribution using the computed sample mean from all the
possible random samples of a particular sample size taken from the given population.

Example: A population of Senior High School consists of numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.

Let us create a sampling distribution of size 3 by following the steps.
• First, let us evaluate the combination of N (population size) objects taken n (sample size) at a time.
To get this, we apply the formula for a combination of N taken n at a time, NCn, where N is the size of the
𝑁!
population, and n is the sample size. That is, 𝑁𝐶𝑛 =
𝑛!(𝑁−𝑛)!

5! 5∙4∙3∙2∙1 5 ∙ 4 ∙ 3 ∙ 2 ∙ 1 120
𝑁𝐶𝑛 = 5𝐶3 = = = = = 10
3! (5 − 3)! 3 ∙ 2 ∙ 1(2)! 3 ∙ 2 ∙ 1(2 ∙ 1) 12

Or you may use calculator, press 5, then NCr (shift ÷) and then the 3.

Therefore, we have NCn = 5C3 = 10 samples

• For the second step, write all the possible samples and compute for the mean of each sample.
To complete the table, compute for the sample mean, samples are already given.
Sample Sample Mean
1, 2, 3 1+2+3
=2
3
1, 2, 4 1+2+4
= 2.33
3
1, 2, 5 1+2+5
= 2.67
3
1, 3, 4 1+3+4
= 2.67
3
1, 3, 5 1+3+5
=3
3
1, 4, 5 1+4+5
= 3.33
3
2, 3, 4 2+3+4
=3
3
2, 3, 5 2+3+5
= 3.33
3
2, 4, 5 2+4+5
= 3.67
3
3, 4, 5 3+4+5
=4
3
 DR. JOSE P. RIZAL SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

• Third step, construct a frequency distribution of the sample mean.

Sample Mean ̅
𝒙 Frequency
2 1
2.33 1
2.67 2
3 2
3.33 2
3.67 1
4 1

• Lastly, add another column for the probability distribution.

The probability distribution of the sample means is also called the sampling distribution of the sample
mean.
Since we have 10 possible outcomes, for the probability, the denominator will be 10 and the number on the
numerator part will be the number of frequencies.

̅
Sample Mean 𝒙 Frequency ̅)
Probability P(𝒙
2 1 1
10
2.33 1 1
10
2.67 2 2
10
3 2 2
10
3.33 2 2
10
3.67 1 1
10
4 1 1
10

MEAN, VARIANCE AND STANDARD DEVIATION OF THE SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAMPLE MEAN.

A population of PWD learners in 5 schools in a certain municipality of Quezon Province are 9, 5, 6, 12, and 15.
Suppose that two schools were selected as samples without replacement, determine the mean, variance and
standard deviation of the sampling distribution of sample means.

Step 1. Compute the mean of the population.

∑ 𝑋 9 + 5 + 6 + 12 + 15 47
𝜇= = = = 9.4
𝑁 5 5

So the population mean is 9.4.

 DR. JOSE P. RIZAL SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Step 2. Compute the variance of the population 𝜎 2.

(a) Subtract each measurement by the computed population mean (𝒙 − µ)

(b) Square the results obtained in (a) then add. Divide the sum by the frequency of measurements to get the value of
∑(𝑥−𝜇)2
the population variance. Formula: 𝜎 2 =
𝑁

X 𝒙−𝝁 (𝒙 − 𝝁)𝟐
9 9 – 9.4 = -0.4 (−0.4)2 = 0.16
5 5 – 9.4 = - 4.4 (−4.4)2 = 19.36
6 6 – 9.4 = - 3.4 (−3.4)2 = 11.56
12 12 – 9.4 = 2.6 (2.6)2 = 6.76
15 15 – 9.4 = 5.6 (5.6)2 = 31.36

2
∑(𝑥 − 𝜇)2 0.16 + 19.36 + 11.56 + 6.76 + 31.36 69.2
𝜎 = = = = 13.84
𝑁 5 5
So, the variance of the population is 13.84.

Step 3. Determine the number of possible samples of size n = 2.

5! 5∙4∙3∙2∙1 5 ∙ 4 ∙ 3 ∙ 2 ∙ 1 120
𝑁𝐶𝑛 = 5𝐶2 = = = = = 10
2! (5 − 2)! 2 ∙ 1(3)! 2 ∙ 1(3 ∙ 2 ∙ 1) 12

Step 4. List all possible samples and their corresponding means.

Sample of Size 2 Sample Mean 𝒙 ̅

9, 5 9+5
=7
2
9,6 9+6
= 7.5
2
9,12 9 + 12
= 10.5
2
9,15 9 + 15
= 12
2
5, 6 5+6
= 5.5
2
5, 12 5 + 12
= 8.5
2
5, 15 5 + 15
= 10
2
6, 12 6 + 12
=9
2
6, 15 6 + 15
= 10.5
2
12, 15 12 + 15
= 13.5
2
 DR. JOSE P. RIZAL SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Step 5. Construct the sampling distribution of the sample means.

Sampling Distribution of Sample Means

Sample Mean Frequency Probability
̅
𝒙 f ̅)
P(𝒙
5.5 1 1
10
7 1 1
10
7.5 1 1
10
8.5 1 1
10
9 1 1
10
10 1 1
10
10.5 2 2
10
12 1 1
10
13.5 1 1
10

Step 6. Compute the mean of the sampling distribution of the sample means. Follow these steps:
a. Multiply the sample mean by the corresponding probability.
b. Add the results.
Sample Mean Probability ̅ ∙ 𝑃( 𝒙
𝒙 ̅)
̅
𝒙 ̅)
P(𝒙
5.5 1 1
5.5 ∙ = 0.55
10 10
7 1 0.7
10
7.5 1 0.75
10
8.5 1 0.85
10
9 1 0.9
10
10 1 1
10
10.5 2 2.1
10
12 1 1.2
10
13.5 1 1.35
10

̅)] = 0.55 + 0.7 + 0.75 + 0.85 + 0.9 + 1 + 2.1 + 1.2 + 1.35 = 9.4
̅ ∙ 𝑃( 𝒙
𝜇𝑋̅ = ∑[ 𝒙
Where
𝜇𝑋̅ = 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛
𝑥̅ = 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛
𝑃( 𝑥̅ ) = 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛

So the mean of the sampling distribution of the sample means is 9.4.

 DR. JOSE P. RIZAL SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Step 7. Compute the variance of the sampling distribution of the sample mean. Follow these steps:
a. Subtract the population mean from each sample mean.
b. Square the difference.
c. Multiply the results by the corresponding probability.
d. Add the results.

Sample Probability ̅ ∙ 𝑃( 𝒙
𝒙 ̅) ̅ − 𝜇𝑋̅
𝒙 ̅ − 𝜇𝑋̅ )𝟐
(𝒙 ̅ − 𝜇𝑋̅ )𝟐
̅) ∙ (𝒙
𝑃( 𝒙
Mean ̅)
P(𝒙
̅
𝒙
5.5 1 1 5.5 – 9.4 = - 3.9 (−3.9)2 = 15.21 1
5.5 ∙ = 0.55 ∙ 15.21 = 1.521
10 10 10
7 1 0.7 7 – 9.4 = - 2.4 (−2.4)2 = 5.76 1
∙ 5.76 = 0.576
10 10
7.5 1 0.75 7.5 – 9.4 = - 1.9 (−1.9)2 = 3.61 1
∙ 3.61 = 0.361
10 10
8.5 1 0.85 8.5 – 9.4 = - 0.9 (−0.9)2 = 0.81 1
∙ 0.81 = 0.081
10 10
9 1 0.9 9 – 9.4 = - 0.4 (−0.4)2 = 0.16 1
∙ 0.16 = 0.016
10 10
10 1 0.1 10 – 9.4 = 0.6 (0.6)2 = 0.36 1
∙ 0.36 = 0.036
10 10
10.5 2 2.1 10.5 – 9.4 = 1.1 (1.1)2 = 1.21 2
∙ 1.21 = 0.242
10 10
12 1 1.2 12 – 9.4 = 2.6 (2.6)2 = 6.76 1
∙ 6.76 = 0.676
10 10
13.5 1 1.35 13.5 – 9.4 = 4.1 (4.1)2 = 16.81 1
∙ 16.81 = 1.681
10 10
𝜇𝑋̅ = 9.4

𝜎𝑥̅2 = ∑ 𝑃( 𝒙 ̅ − 𝜇𝑋̅ )𝟐
̅) ∙ (𝒙

𝜎𝑥̅2 = 1.521 + 0.576 + 0.361 + 0.081 + 0.016 + 0.036 + 0.242 + 0.676 + 1.681
𝜎𝑥̅2 = 5.19
Where
𝜎𝑥̅2 = variance of the sampling distribution of the sample means

So the variance of the sampling distribution of the sample means is 5.19.

Step 8. Compute the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the sample means.
Simply get the square root of the variance of the sampling distribution of the sample means.
𝟐
𝜎𝑥̅ = √∑ 𝑃( 𝒙
̅ ) ∙ (𝒙
̅ − 𝜇̅ )
𝑋
𝜎𝑥̅ = √5.19
𝜎𝑥̅ = 2.28

Finite Population
• Consist of a finite or fixed number of elements, measurements or observations
• Examples of finite populations include the employees of a given company, the number of airplanes owned by
an airline, or the potential consumers in a target market.
Sampling error
• The difference between the sample mean and the population mean. It is the error due to sampling.
 DR. JOSE P. RIZAL SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Infinite Population
• Contains hypothetically at least infinite elements
• Examples of infinite populations include the number of widgets manufactured by a company that plans to be
in business forever, or the grains of sand on the beaches of the world.

Properties of Sampling Distribution of Sample Means

If all possible of size n are drawn from population of size N with mean 𝜇 and variance 𝜎 2 , then the sampling
distribution of the sample means has the following properties:
• The mean of the sampling distribution of the sample means is equal to the population mean 𝜇. That is 𝜇𝑥̅ = 𝜇
• The variance of the sampling distribution of the sample means is given by:
𝜎 2 𝑁−𝑛
𝜎𝑥̅2 = ∑ 𝑃( 𝒙 ̅ − 𝜇𝑋̅ )𝟐 or
̅) ∙ (𝒙 𝜎𝑥̅2 = ∙
𝑛 𝑁−1
for finite (sampling without replacement) population

𝜎2
and 𝜎𝑥̅2 = 𝑛
for infinite (sampling with replacement) population

• The standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the sample means is given by:
𝟐
𝜎𝑥̅ = √∑ 𝑃( 𝒙 ̅ − 𝜇 ̅ ) or 𝜎𝑥̅ = √𝜎 ∙ 𝑁−𝑛 for finite population
̅ ) ∙ (𝒙
𝑋 𝑛 𝑁−1

𝜎
and 𝜎𝑥̅ = for infinite population
𝑛

A. Learning Competency / LC code

The learner…
• finds the mean and variance of the sampling distribution of the sample mean. M11GM-If-1
• defines the sampling distribution of the sample mean for normal population when the variance is: (a) known;
(b) unknown M11GM-If-2

B. Directions/Instructions

Write your answer in a separate sheet of paper.

C. Exercise/Activity

• A population of Senior High School consists of numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Sample of size 3 is drawn from the
population. Compute the mean, variance and standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the sample
means.
• Answer assessment 6 and performance task 5.
D. Reflection
What I Learned…
What are the steps in computing the mean, variance and standard deviation of sampling distribution o the
sample means?

E. References

CLMD4ASTATISTICS&PROBABILITYSHS

Prepared by: LALAINE MARGARETH DC. FETIZANAN

Teacher II
DR. JOSE P. RIZAL SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

NAME: ___________________________________
SECTION: _________________________________

STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY

ASSESSMENT 6

1. What distribution pertains to the frequency distribution of the sample mean from all the possible random
samples of a particular sample size n taken from the given population?
A. frequency B. normal C. population D. sampling
2. Which of the following is NOT a step-in creating sampling distribution of the sample mean?
A. Determine the number of sets of all possible random samples.
B. Compute for the standard deviation and variance of the samples.
C. Construct a frequency distribution table of the sample means and probability.
D. List all the possible random samples and solve for the sample mean of each set of samples.
3. Which of the following is the mean of sample 6, 10, 21, 25, and 28?
A. 15.17 B. 18 C. 21.2 D. 22
For numbers 4 - 8, refer to the following set of data of a population {11, 12, 13, 14}.
4. How many different samples of size n = 2 can be drawn from the population?
A. 6 B. 5 C. 4 D. 3
5. Which of the following sample mean appears most frequent in the sampling distribution?
A. 10 B. 11.5 C. 12 D. 12.5
6. What is the lowest value of the sample mean in this sampling distribution?
A. 11.5 B. 12 C. 12.5 D. 13
7. What is the frequency of the sample mean 12.5?
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3206
8. What is the probability of the sample mean 12 in the sampling distribution?
A. 1 6 B. 2 6 C.2 3 D. 3
9. Which of the following is described as the quotient of the population variance and the sample size n?
A. mean of the sampling distribution of sample mean
B. variance of the sampling distribution of the sample mean
C. standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the sample mean
D. average deviation of the sampling distribution of the sample mean
10. Which of the following is the notation used for the variance of the sampling distribution of the sample
mean?
A. μ B. 𝜎 2 C. 𝜎𝑥̅2 D. 𝜇𝑋̅
11. Which of the following is the formula used to determine the variance of the sampling distribution of the
sample mean?
𝟐 ∑ 𝑃( 𝒙
̅)
A. 𝜎𝑥̅ = √∑ 𝑃( 𝒙
̅ ) ∙ (𝒙
̅ − 𝜇̅ )
𝑋 B. 𝜎𝑥̅2 = ∑(𝒙̅ 𝟐
−𝜇𝑋
̅)
𝑆2
C. 𝜎 2 = 𝑁−1 D. 𝜎𝑥̅2 = ∑ 𝑃( 𝒙 ̅ − 𝜇𝑋̅ )𝟐
̅) ∙ (𝒙
For numbers 12-15, please refer to the problem below. A population of a certain LGBTQ+ community is consists of six
(6) measurements 2, 3, 6, 9, 11, and 5.
12. What is the mean of the population?
A. 10 B. 6 C. 8 D. 5
13. How many different samples of size n= 4 can be drawn from the population?
A. 20 B. 8 C. 15 D. 6
14. What is the mean 𝑥̅ of the sampling distribution of the sample mean?
A. 4 B. 6 C. 5 D. 7
15. What is the variance of the sampling distribution of the sample mean?
A. 4 B. 2 C. 3 D. 1
DR. JOSE P. RIZAL SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

NAME: ___________________________________
SECTION: _________________________________

STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY

PERFORMANCE TASK 5: SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION

Consider a population consisting of values (1,3,5).

A. List all the possible samples of size 2 that can be drawn from the population with replacement.
B. Compute for the mean of the sampling distribution of the sample means.
C. Compute for the variance of the sampling distribution of the sample means.

Prepared by: LALAINE MARGARETH DC. FETIZANAN

Teacher II