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Problem 4.

Students were tested on their ability to predict how moving bodies behave, both before and after
attending a course on Newtonian physics. Their marks are tabulated here. Did attending the
course have a significant effect on their test scores, and if so by how much?

NULL HYPOTHESIS: The students' scores after the course have a significance as before it.

ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS: The students' scores after the course does NOT have a
significance as before it.
VARIABLES:
Before After

MEAN 58.1 53.8

STANDARD DEVIATION 15.58 20.49

STANDARD ERROR 1.78916492 1.78916492

SIGNIFICANCE LEVEL 0.05 0.05

SAMPLE SIZE 10 10

DEGREES OF FREEDOM 9 9

TEST STATISTICS:
p value 0.04

Critical test stat 2.403

95% confidence neg 0.2 to neg

interval 0.8

DECISION: The t-test (2.40) is larger than the p-value (0.04) that is needed for df, therefore we
fail to reject Ho.

CONCLUSION: The students' scores after the course did have a significant effect.

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