bestbra rr ra Ins I | Indefinite Pronouns can be confusing , because they do not refer to any specific person, place or thing. They do not indicate the exact person or thing to which they refer. Singular Indefinite Pronouns anybody everyone nothing anyone everything one anything much somebody each neither someone everybody no one Plural Indefinite Pronouns both many few several Do you notice how nothing specific I I I ! 1 1 I ! 1 1 I I ! 1 ! 1 either nobody something 1 1 ! I I 1 I 1 1 I I I I t was mentioned? EJ1N1.1Circle the indefinite pronoun in each sentence. On the line, write whether it is singular or plural. =x (Nobody knows my biggest secret. A we Ts, a a hoy A ] Everyone knew the answer to the simple Y) b - G4 |r Each of the girls wears her hair in a braid with a| ribbon. Ps ae din VY aA [ Sever of the students forgot their homework. ‘ lua ‘Somebody knows where to find us. 7 in) y lox Both of the boys volunteered at the animal shelter. : Duta | t 05,9 EJ1N1.2Some indefinite pronouns are tricky. They can be singular or plural depending on what they refer to in a sentence. Singular or Plural Indefinite Pronouns all more none any most some In order to decide if the indefinite pronoun is singular or plural, look for what it refers to. All of my work is done. The indefinite pronoun all refers to work, which is singular, so the verb isis (singular). All of the cookies are gone. Here, all refers to cookies, which is plural, so the plural verb are (plural) is used. * In both sentences, the subject is all. EJ1N1.3Underline the indefinite pronoun in ead sentence. Circle the word it refers to. a the line, write whether the indefinite pronoun is singular or plural. None of the girls want to watch the football game. Some of my‘homework,is done. Ge ng | an 1e of the brownies have been sold. . glural ¢ playel can score a goal. EJ1N1.4Cause and Effect Cause La The reason... ' at Rhy = Why - something happened Se \ Mae Effect Loa The result... AMER = What = happened Cause and effect relationships are often signaled by words or phrases like: P because b therefore > since P& as a result of » so The cause always happens before the effect. examples: Cause Effect his secretary tooka message the boss was busy the alarm Carrie was was not —— late to set school EJ1N1.5§ Read the passage below. Then answer th } questions that follow. fe e Standing Stones O My family and | kept in a close formation while walking up the pathway. Dad said there were huge rocks set up as a monument just over the hill, but | couldn't see them yet. How out of place they'd look! | thought, in such a green, hilly land. Yet something inside of me felt them there. | We crested a hill. My sister, usually the talkative one, had nothing to say. | should have found a moment to be grateful for Chantal's silence, but | had no attention for that. All my focus, all my mind, was on the sight that might await me once we crested the hill. And there, a step or two onward, lay the ancient circle. Stonehenge. Dad pointed, just once, | unnecessarily. Chantal let out a gasp of what might | have been delight, awe or just my little sister being herself and not silent. This being England, it had rained in the night, leaving the huge standing stones streaked with shades < ighter where-they were dry and P fet. The grass smelled of springtime, cool, wef an green. The stones stood like the sentries we'd seen at Buckingham Palace, immobile, alert and aware. If these stones had thoughts, they kept them to themselves. But with all that, | didn't find them scary or EJIN1.6NB! Read the passage below. Then answer the Es questions that follow. a close formation while Dad said there were huge t just over the hill, but | e they'd look, My family and | kept in walking up the pathway. rocks set up as a monumen couldn't see them yet. How out of plac: | thought, in such a green, hilly land. Yet something inside of me felt them there. We crested a hill. My sister, usually the talkative one, had nothing to say. | should have found a moment to be grateful for Chantal's silence, but! had no attention for that. All my focus, all my mind, was'on the sight that might await me once we crested the hill. And there, a step or two onward, lay the ancient circle. Stonehenge. Dad pointed, just once, unnecessarily. Chantal let out a gasp of what might have been delight, awe or just my little sister being herself and not silent. This being England, it had rained in the night, leaving thé huge standing stones streaked with shades of gray, lighter where they were dry and darker where wet. The grass smelled of springtime, cool, wet and very green. The stones stood like the sentries we'd seen at Buckingham Palace, immobile, alert and aware. If these stones had thoughts, they kept them to themselves. But with all that, | didn't find them scary or EJIN1.6lintimidating. The only feeling | could link to them was one of strength. A strong thing, until it poses some threat, isn't anything to fear. “Daddy,” Chantal was saying as | jerked my attention off the stone circle, “What are they for? What does it mean?” She spoke in a whisper, totally unlike my chatterbox sister. “That's the cool part, Peanut. Nobody knows.” “There must be some idea,” | put in, eager to hear what he had to say. Mom spoke up. “The scientists have theories, but no proof. They do know that construction of the circle began over five thousand years ago. It might have been built for religious ceremonies. It might have been used for burial. Nobody knows for sure.” We walked together down the path that led Closer to the stones. Visitors can't walk in among them; that's reserved for people celebrating Midsummer Day in a-special ceremony. But | didn't need to approach close enough to touch, to feel their power. | will always remember the stones and what they said to me, and what they didn't say. The day we visited Stonehenge will be part of me forever. EJ1N1.7Use the passage to answer the following questions. ‘ Based on the context clues, what does the word immobile mean? a. move slowly b. move quickly (emnot able to move What caused Chantal to not be her usual talkative self? Mpabie She Cols ait yt r 4 EJ1N1.8Below are your vocabulary words for the week. You will be tested on their definitions next week. Word Definition to make use of exploit something to state a fact or assert : : belief confidently fraudulent based on lies immobile not able to move a written or spoken contract agreement determine to decide hypothesis an educated guess tentative not certain; unsure Make sure to study! EJ1N1.9bestbrains LEARNING CENTERS Label each indefinite pronoun as siNgular plural or | anybody 25 Shou Ja several _Q, | many 9-25 BB somebody _2 , yaudd Bech 2, i | Gooh 2, Dla guise!In each sentence, underline the indefinite pronoun. Then circle the correct form of the verb to complete each sentence. Q ree in the family eve) the recipe. ae Za) Neither of the girls (is/ore) sitting still. Some of the dresses (is/are) made out of silk fabric. a Something (seem/ a ae about this house. Nee All of the ants (head?heads) toward the crumbs on the floor. EJ1N2.2\ Complete each sentence using an indefinite pronoun from the word bank below. The boxis empty. There isn't“ vy Ti ~ init. She said / out I couldn't understand her. A, [B] 1 would like to buy _ 1 ¢ 4 of the two dresses. oe br/DV \ iG NA VYOhWE yelled, "Surprise!" when I came through the door. [5) — Mada) of them fell during the storm. tt) | summer vacation. has happened over Word BankPut a check mark néxtito each sentence that shows correct subject-verb agreement. Anyone are welcome to join us. _ Both is finished. Vv Both are finished. Several of the players is hurt. _ VA Several of the players are hurt. me | / Nobody likes to be alone. Nobody like to be alone. Each of the girls enjoys dancing. By: Each of the girls enjoy dancing. EJ1N2.4(7) Read the passage below. Then answer the questions that follow. On one bright morning, Kristina's family visited Aunt Nellie at her farm. Since Kristina’s family lived in town, they didn't get out into the rolling lowa countryside often. At Aunt Nellie's farm, she and her brothers could run as free as the wind. Kristina liked to pet Aunt Nellie's horses and help gather eggs if they were ready early enough in the morning. By the time they arrived, they were dusty and thirsty. Kristina was glad to see a big pitcher in Aunt Nellie'’s hand, and as she welcomed the family, she poured out cool, fresh buttermilk for them to drink. How good it tasted! Kristina asked if she could go and collect eggs. and Aunt Nellie said, “Yes, | haven't had a moment to doit. I'd be grateful. Watch the hen at the end—she pecks at anything.” Kristina remembered, for that hen had given her a bruise the last time. Most of the hens were already out in the yard, pecking for seeds, but a few stayed on their straw nests. She was glad to see the hen who had pecked her had left for the yard. Slyly, making sounds she hoped were comforting, Kristina | slid her hand under each remaining hen, to determine the location of the precious eggs. She added the ones she found to the wire basket in her EJ1N2.5hand. Then once the suspicious hens had allowed themselves to be robbed, Kristina cheerfully plucked the eggs out of the empty nests. When she was done, she had close to two dozen. Her mouth watered. If Aunt Nellie's plans included these eggs, they might get a tasty cake. Aunt Nellie's buttermilk cakes were the best she'd ever tasted. Kristina took the eggs inside to show them proudly to Aunt Nellie. She gave her a big smile and once Aunt Nellie took the egg basket, she said she was free to visit the horses if she wished. At noon, Aunt Nellie called them alll in for lunch by ringing the big brass bell on the porch. Once the last straggling child arrived, they enjoyed lunch in the tfadifional Swedish style. They had smoked fish and lingonberries, warm limpa rye bread, fresh butter out of the churn. And a cake, made with buttermilk and the eggs Kristina had taken from the coop. As they started for home, she wished they would return very soon. It had been the best farm day ever! Use the passage to answer the following questions. Based on the context clues, what does the word determine mean? / ajo decide b. fo measure c. to find EJ1N2.6ee @ Does the author tell us what caused the hen to peck at Kristina? What effect did the hen that pecked at Kristina have on her? What caused Kristina's mouth to water? a. the thought of collecting eggs b. the thought of dinner [e)the thought of a buttermilk cake What is the main idea of the passage? g } Lhe nahh id / {s wok | h 1.) +)é EJ1N2.7Each vocabulary word is spelled incorrectly. Write the word Correctlyon each line. imobile contrakt ecksploit tentativ | hipothecis frawdulint EJ1N2.8 |Put each indefinite pronoun in the correct column. ‘all many anything Pe nothing most both some ee EJ1NS.1Read the passage below. Then answer the questions that follow. | sing with a group of people whose passion js early music. We call ourselves “Court and Country,” We don't use instruments, except sometimes a tambourine. Our music director decides what songs to sing. With help from friends, she finds songs that include the words and, if she's lucky, the notes. Then we lear to sing the piece written hundreds of years ago. Our group sings a capella, which means “in the style of the chapel.” It means there is no piano, no guitar, nothing to keep us on-pitch. Keeping the notes right and in the right rhythm is our job. When we first learn a piece, we start with the boys’ parts. Then, once the boys have a good handle on their parts, we move to the girls' parts, which is where | sing. At first, since we are learning, we are a bit tentative about what notes are sung and in what rhythm. Often the music has the girls singing at a different time than the boys, or different rhythms such as syncopation, which is an uneven rhythm. We also sing strings of notes in an attractive up-and- down tune, called accidentals. They're challenging EJ1N3.5to learn but fun to sing! Some of our music dates back a very long time. One tune, about the coming of summer, is so Old that there are several versions. Different scholars each have their own hypothesis about how it was originally sung. It's good to remember that during the time this song was first sung—around 1300—very few people could read or write. Singers learned the tunes and words by heart, and that meant there was little agreement about the “right” way to sing anything. When we're ready to sing, the work is all but over and the fun begins. We put on our medieval or Renaissance costumes and go to the venue. Once we are there, we warm up our voices. We use the same kinds of warm-up exercises that modern rs Use. Then, it's time for all twelve of us to give i beautiful early-music pieces the best we can Ne passage to answer the following ed on the context clues, what does the word sntative mean? uncertain b. positive c. mysterious EJ1N3.6@ Based on the context clues, what does the word hypothesis mean? a,an educated guess b. ability to go back c. meetings What was the effect of people not being able to read or write when they learned songs back in the 1300s? What is the main idea of the passage? The Wain Idea. a oie 4 | 1 y- W | ‘th Me ive t Pum € HTS. anal EJ1N3.7 io| Match each vocabulary word with its definition. an educated Fi guess { not able to Beeermine | 4 not certai unsure a written or spoken) oA agreement i Ne to make use asser od of something b to state exploit > confidently | EJ1N3.8 | fraudulent « immobile_e tentative _ hypothesis contractbestbrains LEARNING CENT! 8 For each indefinite pronoun, check whether | it is singular, plural or both. singular plural vee ie... plural both singular isivral both Brainiac Tip! You can always go back to pages 1.1 and 1.3 to remind yourself of the indefinite pronoun rules!| Circle the correct verb to complete each sentence. 1, Everybody (enjoy, enjoys/spending time with friends and family. 9, Each of the boys Peers cnooses) a team to play on. ~ 3, Few of the teachers (work, works) during \ summer break. Nay ae 4. All of the dishes (is, OC ceD and dry. ~~ 5. Several birds (chirp, chirps) in the morning. = —~ 6 Someone (whistle, (rises outside of the classroom. — 7. None of the students (eremoe! remembers) their vocabulary words: _]8.Both teachers (il fills) their cups with warm tea. S)\ ® Nothing on the truck (rattle, sees) after the | items are secured. a EJ1N4.21am so bored. There is to do! Mary needs__20me6h@ _ that wil keep her hands warm. will want to camp when it's raining outside. P Ae \VHe be is waiting to hear what the good news is.Read the passage below. Then answer the questions that follow. When | was in preschool, | spent a lot of time pretending to be a horse! Few of my friends were aware of my double life. Yet | didn't feel | was doing anything fraudulent. | simply spent my out-of-school} hours being Bayberry, a brown mare with a black mane. Bayberry could do pretty much anything. She was! a steeplechase j jumper and could run very fast. She | _ could jUmp any hurdle and clear any obstacle with little effort. With a few carefully chosen friends who also spent their free time being horses, | would gallop around the playground and try to race the others. My family had a rather large, sloping backyard with soft grass, perfect for a horse. My dad wasa \ joodworker, so he built us several goer ess pine EJ1N4.5Asteeplechase nowadays is run on specially designed race courses, both in merica and in Europe. It is highly skilled riding, since the jumps are not simple hurdles of the kind Bad puilt for me. The most famous steeplechase is the «Grand National,” run at the Aintree racecourse in Ireland since 1836. One of the challenging jumps in a real steeplechase is called the “in-and-out.” It's designed so the horse jumps one hurdle, then has a single stride to realign himself for a second, immediate jump. Since horses' strides are much longer than people's, the distance between the hurdles is about twelve feet. Bayberry rarely missed a jump. Of course, we set the in-and-outs a good distance apart and kept the bar low. That way we couldn't go wrong! Later on, when | was in junior high, | saved up my babysitting money and went for riding lessons. | still ride whenever | can. Use the passage to answer the following | questions. Based on the context clues, what does the word fraudulent mean? a. stealing something b. based on facts \c\based on lies EJ1N4.6: _|the in-and-outs a good distance apart and kept A steeplechase nowadays is run on specially designed race courses, both in merica and in Europe. It is highly skilled riding, since the jumps are not simple hurdles of the kind pad built forme. The most famous steeplechase is the “Grand National,” run at the Aintree racecourse in ireland since 1836. One of the challenging jumps in a real steeplechase is called the “in-and-out.” It's designed so the horse jumps one hurdle, then has a single stride to realign himself for a second, immediate jump. Since horses' strides are much longer than people's, the distance between the hurdles is about twelve feet. Bayberry rarely missed a jump. Of course, we set the bar low. That way we couldn't go wrong! Later on, when | was in junior high, | saved up my babysitting money and went for riding lessons. | still tide whenever | can. ‘the passage to answer the following Based on the context clues, what does the word fraudulent mean? a. stealing something b. based on facts EJ1N4.6@ What do you think caused the narrator to pretend to be a horse when he/she was in preschool? | What effect did pretending to be a horse have on the narrator later in life? { EJ1N4.7 | |In order to navigate a dictionary and know where to find a word, we use guide words. On the top of each page in a dictionary, the first and last word that appear on the page are listed. These are the guide words. Using alphabetical order will allow you to figure out which words will appear on that page. Below you will find dictionary guide words. Decide which vocabulary word would be found on that page of the dictionary and write it on the line. Word Bank frauddlent contlact —_—_exploit immobile tentative assert hyhothesis determine Academy — Bandage Bundle — Coral asery boy tract Switch — Ultimate Illinois — Jaywalk Ch rari VC Dry mobi Gullible — Identify Formula — Glimpse othesi5 L rand lent Estate ee Falsify et eh nine EJ1N4.8E Use each indefinite pronoun in a sentence. | something | | Lom pest eS) _ hot ht Via g 4 Py be hy oe ¢ hh toy porty. ce |® In each sentence, underline the indefinite ; pronoun. Then circle the correct foy, ™ of the verb to complete the sentence 1. Few of the students (enjoys/enjoy} the Assembjy 2. Each of the boys (do/does) his own Chores, 3. Several (cry/€ties) on the long flight. Dense" 4. On Sunday mornings, nobody (wake/Wakes) up early. ys 5. My mom saw that someone (deliver/detivers) our newspaper daily. 6. Everything (feel/f els) better after a warm cup of soup. YA a= 7. Either Nina or Bart me or her books all over the floor. 8. Everyone (use/ise} a cheat sheet during math tests. 9. Anybody (know/knows),how to tie a shoelace: EyIN5S@ circle conve each sentence. © _—_ === = === Ln ae answered the phone when called an hour ago. ——~ ew many none € oo know where | put my notebeck? anyo: everyone nobody the indefinite pronoun that best went shopping yesterday, but she couldn't Lacy thatshe liked. (tee oe nothing @ inything everything something Anybody “No one There are only ¢—_______—— of us who know the secret. Ch) Se of us knows the combination to the lock. all one none eee of the roads are closed due to construction. Several > ee YC EJ1N5.4 aoequestions that follow. (7) Read the passage below. Then answer the A famous thinker called the Dalai Lama once said, “If you think you are too small to make a difference, try sleeping with a mosquito.” In second grade, our teacher told us about tropical rainforests. While we were interested in the amazing mass of plants and animals that call these forests home, we also became concerned. We saw a film about the rainforest that ended with images of these forests being cut down and sometimes burned. We asked our teacher if there was any way we could help. Our teacher asserted that there was. Through contact with an American professor of botany, all of us found hope. We set a goal of raising enough money to save twenty-five acres of The Cloud Forest Preserve in the Central American _ | country of Costa Rica. However, we soon learned elping save a rainforest takes more than + change. got serious about raising money. We put on bunny-hopping contests, gave pony d baked goods. EJ1N5.5rr ——_—_—_—_—_—_— We made more money than expected! Soon our project made the newspapers, then television. Children around the world heard about our efforts and began their own fund-raising. Soon, the government matched the money raised by all of us schoolchildren: More than $100,000 was raised to protect land in Costa Rica! The idea went viral and swept around the world. Studenis in the United Kingdom, Germany, Canada, Spain, Japan and Australia helped, Eventually, children in 44 countries contributedsCurrently, 55,000 acres of important rainforest habitat are being protected—all starting with the efforts of my classroom so many years ago—by a few ordinary |schoolchildren. Use the passage to answer the following questions. | Based on the context clues, what does the word assert mean? a. to shout or yell ae b.Ao state confidently c. to pretend EJINS.6 |@ What do you think is meant by the quote "Tf you think you are too small to make q difference, try sleeping wit a mosquito?" Sa igh ta Wi th Extended Response What caused the students to take action in regards to the rainforest? What effects did the students’ actions have? G4 extended response requires more than a one word answer. q he answer needs to be written in a 5-sentence paragraph. This ion is designed to test your ability to give supported with details. EJ1N5.7| bestbra EARNING INS Indefinite pronouns can be confusing because they do not refer to any specific i as a L, : EJ1N6.1 eeCircle the correct veri focompiéte each sentence. : 1. All of the food (has/have) been eaten. 2. Some of the flowers fae a boming. 3. Most of the papers (is/are) graded. 4, Each of the boys (také/takes) notes before the test. bs 5. One of the dogs (hds/have) a flea collar. 4, Somebody (know/kriows) where to find us. What do the fallowing indefinite pronouns have in common? > none > some > all EJ1N6.2If the indefinite pronoun in bold is Correct write C on the line. If it is incorrect, write the correct indefinite pronoun on the line. 1. There are many to choose from at the book fair. ( a 2. Nothing told me about the festival in town this weekend. \ o hed; / 3. One cannot help but feel happy when the sun shines. fi ee 4. | left something for you in your mailbox. EJ1N6.3 eoPut a check mark next to each sentence that shows correct subject-verb agreement. Le All of the bread at the bakery is fresh. All of the bread at the bakery are fresh. Some of the fans is shouting at the referee. Some of the fans are shouting at the referee. iy Someone in my group is a runner. Someone in my group are a runner. my Neither of us vie up the concert tickets. Neither of us want to give up the concert tickets. None of the garbage on the table is mine. ——____ None of the garbage on the table are mine.Read the passage below. Then answer the uestions that follow. In the early 1800s, a boy was born who would change the lives of many people. That boy was me—Louis Braille. My father worked with leather and made tack, or saddles and bridles, for horses, One day when | was three, | played with Father's tools in his workshop. A sharp, pointed tool, called an awl, bounced off the tough a leather and hit me in the eye. Though my parents took me to the doctor, the bandaged injury soon became infected. The infection crossed to the other eye, causing me to lose my eyesight completely. My parents raised me with as close to a norm life as they could manage. My father carved me little cane, so | could feel my way along the co paths and through the village. ; | came to terms with my blindness. When | was old enough, my parents signed a contract that — | allowed me to attend school with the normal children, which was unusual for a blind child. | orked very hard to learn what the other childre!——SS—S-—as— |e When | was older, | was allowed to attend one of the first French schools for the blind. We were taught to read using a system of large carved letters on thick, heavy paper. We read by feeling the letters with our fingertips. Because the paper was so thick, and the letters so large, there was very little information in any one book. The technology used to “print” the books meant we could not write at all. | was hungry for more! From an Army officer named Charles Barbier, | learned about “night writing,” using dots. This was useful for soldiers, since they didn't need light in order to read secret messages. When | was fifteen, | came up with a simplified version of Barbier's dots. My “cells” each represented a single letter and had only six dots, which meant a single letter could be read with a single fingertip. Later, | adapted the alphabet by adding single-cell symbols for common words and abbreviations. | found it fitting that | first created my dot-letters on thick paper with an awi—the same instrument that had blinded me in my father's workshop so long ago. Buse the passage to answer the following questions. Based on the context clues, what does the word contract mean? . A signed agreement c. a list of ideas 6. a friendly letter EJ1N6.6 ei tit@ Based on the context clues, what does the word exploited mean? a.) make use b. left behind c. forgot What caused Braille's blindness? iRreas |) was playihg = vith +0 Ah ana nis 2 What effect did Braille have on the blind community? ~ What is the significance of the awl in the passage?Level ii / J bestbroins im so Level Review Using in-, un- or im-, add the correct prefix to each base word below to form a new word. Then write the meaning of the word on the line. |c. imperative d. interrogative can you believe that happened? g. declarative c. imperative b. exclamatory é) interrogative Leave the door open. a. declarative Q)imperative b. exclamatory d. interrogative coins. What ve on people story at it just rained gold k this will ha paragraph you thin net? Write a 5 - this.away nh at { A To da ¥ I mn G14 J ) ~ [1 _fained gold Yasin Their will ot Cut} (ng trees wy obs tract Jae Chav ee) ( Next, Fyary Dagny World weuld cance | ee ti heCome 9yu5 een || be poked {ft the Cops _catel [the pO Gon would pavl thew Ab Wn d WOT tye aut no “nowy: X jog Vocabulany Test. Write the definition of each word.