Name: ________________________ 2.

If a tangent segment and a secant segment are

Grade 10 – ________________
THEOREM ON TWO INTERSECTING
CHORDS
If two chords of a circle intersect, then the
product of the measures of the segments of one
chord is equal to the product of
O
the measures of the segments of
P
the other chord.
S ( FR 2) = (GF )(TF )
Example:
N In the circle, PQ and RO
Q intersect at S.
R ( RS )(OS ) = ( PS )(QS )
drawn to a circle from an exterior point, then the
square of the length of the
F tangent segment is equal to the
T product of the lengths of the
secant segment and its external
secant segment.
R Y G Example:
If GF = 20 and TF = 5, find FR
Then ( FR 2) = (GF )(TF )
FR2 = (20)(5)

If RO = 25, RS = 18, and PS = 6, find QS .

√ FR2 = √ 100
FR = 10
Then OS = 25 – 18 = 7 Checking
( )(OS ) = ( PS )(QS )
RS ( FR 2) = (GF )(TF )
(18)(7) = (6)(QS ) 102 = (20)(5)
126 6(QS) 100 = 100
6
=
6
21 = QS THEOREMS ON TANGENT LINE
Checking: 1. If a line is tangent to a circle, then it is
( RS )(OS ) = ( PS )(QS ) perpendicular to the radius
(18)(7) = (6)(21) B
drawn to the point of tangency.
126 = 126 Example:
´ is tangent to circle A at
If BC A
C
EXTERNAL SECANT SEGMENT B, then it is perpedicular to
An external secant segment is the part of a secant radius AB.
segment that is outside a circle.
Example: 2. If a line is perpendicular to a radius of a circle at
In the figure, F́J and F́A are F G its endpoint that is on the
secants. FH´ and FG ´ are H circle, then the line is
J
external secant segments. tangent to the circle. D
K Example:
If WY is perpendicular to Y
A DR at R then it is tangent W R
THEOREM ON SECANT SEGMENTS, to circle D
TANGENT SEGMENTS, AND EXTERNAL
SECANT SEGMENTS 3. If two segments from the same exterior point are
1. If two secant segments are drawn to a circle from tangent to a circle, then the
two segments are congruent.
F
an exterior point, then the product of the lengths of
one secant segment and its external secant segment Example:
is equal to the product of the If FG and EG are tangent to G
lengths of the other secant
V circle H, then FG = EG H
segment and its external secant U E
segment. W
Example: Examples:
(TV )(UV ) = ( XV )(WV ) Y T a. AB is tangent to circle O. B
If OB = 12 and OA = 20,
If VW = 8, XV = 15 and UV = 6, X find AB.
Then ∆ABO is a right O
find TV
Then (TV )(UV ) = ( XV )(WV ) triangle at angle B. A
(TV )(6) = (15)(8) By Pythagorean theorem:
6(TV ) 120 OA 2 = AB2 + BO2
= 202 = AB2 + (12)2
6 2
TV = 20 400 = AB2 + 144
Checking: 400 – 144 = AB2
(TV )(UV ) = ( XV )(WV ) √ 256 = √ AB 2
(20)(6) = (15)(8) 16 = AB
120 = 120