Professional Documents
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FIRM- UP
FIRM-UP LEARNING ACTIVITY
Teachers Note: After recalling your prior knowledge in performing the previous activity either from previous
subject/s or from personal experience, we will now proceed to the discussion. This part would give you all the
information that you need to know about hazards just like its concept, disaster risk, nature of disasters and effects
of disasters.
CONCEPT OF DISASTER
Teachers Note: You might wonder why we have many concepts discussed above. But always
remember that all of those provided above help you to fully understand the concept of disaster. If
you do, you may now proceed to the next topic.
DISASTER RISK
factor in disaster risk exposure (people / properties directly affected by natural disasters)
risk defined as the measure of the losses – deaths, injuries and damage to property
(particular /
combination of hazards)
Disaster risk expressed as a function of vulnerability, exposure & hazard
RISK = Hazard ⁕ Exposure ⁕ Vulnerability
Coping Capacity
easy to see how risk can be reduced; hazard (potential); exposure & vulnerability (2 factors,
can be adjusted)
Teachers Note: Hi class! You might have so many concepts to learn about disaster risk. Now, take a
few minutes break to freshen up for you to become fully ready to learn additional concept. If you
are done, let us try to find out the nature of disaster that is provided below.
NATURE OF DISASTER
not all events turn into disasters; sometimes there’s no need for a response
events slowly unfolds & extent of damages are assessed, a disaster can be declared
(require local, regional or national & international assistance)
disasters classified either as natural (related to natural processes occur on Earth without
warning) or human made (occur
once the precursor sets in)
natural disasters = in some areas people are aware of the hazards that can lead to disasters
& come up with actions / plans
to cope with it; study historical records & foresee natural disasters
humanmade disasters = visible cracks on bridges (can be repaired / retrofitted = without
structure will weaken due to
exposure to elements & ordinary wear-and-tear); occur without
warning (hazardous materials could
leak from a chemical tanker after a road accident or by deliberate
acts of terrorism; pandemics, not
entirely human induced maybe result of human interaction with
livestock)
= present day, caused by rapid industrialization
different disasters can be grouped as geologic, hydrometeorological, anthropogenic and
biological
ᴥ Geologic earthquake, volcanic eruptions, tsunami, landslides, floods, subsidence
ᴥ Hydrometeorological typhoons, tornadoes, drought, thunderstorms, storm surges
ᴥ Anthropogenic hazardous materials, acid rain, global warming
ᴥ Biological insect infestation, epidemic, wildfires
Level of Response = important for all localities to have contingency plans in the event of
disaster
(they live in the area = know hazard they are most at risk for)
= know necessary preparations and response to events
= events unfolds so quick, local government cannot handle it need aid
from national government
= planning stage for disaster know the different levels of response &
responsibilities depending on
the level of development of the disaster
Levels of Disaster Response:
You Family & Civil Defense Area HQs Local emergency National &
Neighbors operational center International
support
Teachers Note: Good Job! You just learned the nature of disaster. Do not forget about the concept
that has been discussed above including the concept of disaster, disaster risk and the nature of
disaster. It seems that you are ready for the next part of the lesson - your quiz. If not, you may reread
and restudy the concept that is being discussed above.