Task2 2023ByShiwei

Task 2 Examples
• Office: 251.2.64 (Bundoora Campus)

• Location: 10.12.003
• By A/Prof Shiwei_Zhou
Email: shiwei.zhou@rmit.edu.au
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23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 1

Analyse the chosen profile FRAME structure from Task 1, using FORCE METHOD.
Type 1: Odd last digit of student number n Type 2: Even last digit of student number n
H/2 H/3
UDL: n x 2.63 kN/m UDL: n x 3.41 kN/m

e.g. n=3 e.g. n=2
UDL=3x2.64 = 7.89 kN/m UDL=2x3.41 = 6.82 kN/m
n=0 is an even number UDL=12.29

kN/m

Analyse the FRAME structure using the SLOPE DEFLECTION METHOD
Type 1: Odd last digit of student number n Type 2: Even last digit of student number n

2m 2m 2m
The example for student with even last digit n=2
1m 1m 1m
B E F C
UDL=2 x 3.41 = 6.82 kN/m G
6.82 kN/m
H
A D
Original structure

Step 1: Determine degree of indeterminacy (DOI)
2m 2m 2m
r-3n=4-3(1)=1, which means you need to
consider a primary structure and a redundant
1m 1m 1m
structure when using force method. B E F C
G
6.82 kN/m
H
A D
Original structure

Step 2: Calculate M for primary structure (determine primary and virtual structures)
Primary structure: 2m 2m 2m
Assume Dx as redundant reaction, change the pin support
to a roller support at Point D to obtain a determinant
primary structure.
1m 1m 1m
B E F C
G
Virtual structure: 6.82 kN/m
Replace external forces by the unit force, which has H
The same direction and location as Dx. A D
Dx : redundant reaction
Original structure
2m 2m 2m
2m 2m 2m
1m 1m 1m
B E F C
1m 1m 1m
G B E F C
6.82 kN/m G
H 6.82 kN/m
H
A D
A D
Primary structure 1
Virtual structure

Step 2: Calculate M for primary structure (Reactions of primary structure)
13.64kN
3m 3m
1.5m 1.5m
B E F C
M A  0  Dy (6)  6.82(1.5)  13.64(3)  0 G
Dy  5.12kN H 6.82kN
A D
 Fx  0  Ax  6.82  0  Ax  6.82kN Ax
F y  0  Ay  13.64  Dy  0  Ay =8.52kN Ay
Dy
FBD of the primary structure
M A  0  Dy (6)  6.82(1.5)  13.64(3)  0

Dy  5.12kN
F x  0  Ax  6.82  0  Ax  6.82kN
F y  0  Ay  13.64  Dy  0  Ay =8.52kN

Sign convention of frame
Sign convention for Frame
Positive moments bend the members inward

Step 2: Calculate M(x1) for primary structure
13.64kN
3m 3m
1.5m 1.5m
B E F C
G
x1 M  x1 
H 6.82kN
A D
Ax  6.82kN
M O  0  Ax ( x1 )  M  x1   0
Dy  5.12kN
 M  x1    Ax ( x1 )  6.82 x1kN .m Ay =8.52kN
0  x1  3 FBD of the primary structure

Step 2: Calculate M for primary structure (M(x2))
13.64kN
3m
x2
1.5m 1.5m
B E F C
M  x2 
G
H 6.82kN
A D
Ax  6.82kN
Dy  5.12kN
Ay =8.52kN

M O  0  Ax (3)  Ay ( x2 )  M  x2   0
 M  x2    Ax (3)  Ay ( x2 )  6.82(3)  8.52 x2  8.52 x2  20.46
0  x2  2m

2m x3
1.5m 1.5m
B 0.5x3 F C
G
M  x3 
6.82x3 H 6.82kN
A D
Ax  6.82kN
Dy  5.12kN
Ay =8.52kN
M O  0  Ax (3)  Ay (2  x3 )  6.82 x3  0.5 x3   M  x3   0

 M  x3   3 Ax  Ay (2  x3 )  3.41x32
 20.46  17.04  8.52 x3  3.41x32
 3.41x32  8.52 x3  3.42
0  x3  2m
2m 2m x4
1m 1m 1m
B E F C
1m G
13.64 H
A Ax  6.82kN
D
Dy  5.12kN
Ay =8.52kN
FBD of the rimary structure
M O  0  Ax (3)  Ay (4  x4 )  13.64(1  x4 )  M  x4   0
 M  x4   6.82(3)  8.52(4  x4 )  13.64(1  x4 )  M  x4 
 M  x4   6.82(3)  8.52(4  x4 )  13.64(1  x4 )
 5.12 x4  0.02
0  x4  2m

2m 2m x4
B E F C x5
G
.5m
1m
6.82kN
H
1.5m
13.64
A D
Ax  6.82kN
Dy  5.12kN
Ay =8.52kN
M O  0  6.82(0.5  x5 )  M  x5   0
 M  x5   6.82(0.5  x5 )
 M  x5   6.82 x5  3.41
0  x5  1m

2m 2m x4
B E F C
1m G x6
6.82x6
13.64 H
1m
A D
Ax  6.82kN
Dy  5.12kN
Ay =8.52kN
M O  0  6.82 x6 (0.5 x6 )  M  x6   0
 M  x6   6.82 x6 (0.5 x6 )
 M  x6   3.41x62
0  x6  1m

2m 2m x4
B E F C
1m G
13.64 H
A D x7
Ax  6.82kN
Dy  5.12kN
Ay =8.52kN
M O  0   M  x7   0
0  x7  1m

Step 2: Calculate m for virtual structure (Reactions of virtual structure)
2m 2m 2m
1m 1m 1m
B E F C
G
6.82 kN/m
H
A
Ax D
1
Ay Dy
M A  0  Dy (6)  0
Virtual structure
Dy  0
F x  0  Ax  1  0  Ax  1
F y  0  Ay  Dy  0  Ay =0

Step 2: Calculate m(x1) for virtual structure
13.64kN
3m 3m
1.5m 1.5m
B E F C
G
x1 m  x1 
H 6.82kN
A D
M  0  Ax x1  m  x1   1x1  m  x1   0 Ax  1
O
 m  x1    x1
0  x1  3 FBD of the virtual structure

Step 2: Calculate m for virtual structure (m(x2), m(x3), m(x4))
3m
x2
1.5m 1.5m
B E F C
m  x2 
G
H 6.82kN
A D
Ax
M O  0  Ax (3)  m  x2   1(3)  m  x2   0 FBD of the virtual structure

 m  x2   3
0  x2  2m
m  x2   m  x3   m  x4   3

Step 2: Calculate m for virtual structure (m(x5))
2m 2m x4
B E F C x5
1m G
2m
6.82kN
13.64 H
A D
1
Ay
FBD of the virtual structure
M O  0  1(2  x5 )  m  x5   0
 m  x5    x5  2
0  x5  1m

2m 2m x4
B E F C
1m G
x6 6.82kN
13.64 H
1m
A D
1
Ay
M O  0  1(1  x6 )  m  x6   0
 m  x6    x6  1
0  x6  1m

2m 2m x4
B E F C
1m G
x7 6.82kN
13.64 H
1m
A D
1
Ay
M O  0  1x7  m  x7   0
 m  x7    x7
0  x7  1m

Step 4: calculate the horizontal displacement of the primary structure at point D
L1 M ( x1 )m( x1 ) L 2 M ( x ) m( x ) L 3 M ( x ) m( x )
Dx   dx1   2 2
dx2   3 3
dx3
0 EI 0 EI 0 EI
L 4 M ( x ) m( x ) L 5 M ( x ) m( x ) L 6 M ( x ) m( x ) L 7 M ( x ) m( x )
 4 4
dx4   5 5
dx5   6 6
dx6   7 7
dx7
0 EI 0 EI 0 EI 0 EI
3  6.82 x  (  x ) 2  8.52 x  20.46  ( 3) 2  3.41x3  8.52 x3  3.42  ( 3)
2
 1 1
dx1   2
dx2   dx3
0 EI 0 EI 0 EI
2 ( 5.12 x  0.02)( 3) 1 ( 6.82 x  3.41)(  x  2) 1 ( 3.41x )(  x  1)
2
 4
dx4   5 5
dx5   6 6
dx6
0 EI 0 EI 0 EI
1  0 
 3 6.82 x 2 dx  2  8.52 x  20.46  (3)   3.41x 2  8.52 x  3.42  (3)  (5.12 x  0.02)(3) dx 
0  

EI   1 (6.82 x  3.41)( x  2)dx  1 (3.41x 2 )(  x  1) dx 
 0 0 
179.88

EI

Step 4: calculate the horizontal displacement of the virtual structure at point D
L1 m( x1 )m( x1 ) L 2 m( x ) m( x ) L 3 m( x ) m( x )
f DD   dx1   2 2
dx2   3 3
dx3
0 EI 0 EI 0 EI
L 4 m( x ) m( x ) L 5 m( x ) m( x ) L 6 m( x ) m( x ) L 7 m( x ) m( x )
 4 4
dx4   5 5
dx5   6 6
dx6   7 7
dx7
0 EI 0 EI 0 EI 0 EI
3   x  ( x ) 2  3  ( 3) 1 (  x  2)(  x  2) 1 (  x  1)(  x  1) 1 (  x )(  x )
 1 1
dx1  3 dx2   5 5
dx5   6 6
dx6    7 7
dx7
0 EI 0 EI 0 EI 0 EI 0 EI
2  3  ( 3)
2 2 2
3 x 3 x 3 x 2 1
 dx1  3 dx2   dx  2 dx1  27  dx2
0 EI 0 EI 0 EI 0 EI 0 EI
1  33  72
  2  2 7 (2) 
EI  3  EI

Step 4: calculate the redundant force using virtual energy method
Dx  f DD Dx  0
179.88 72
  Dx  0
EI EI
179.88
 Dx    2.5 kN
72

Step 4: calculate the reactions of the real structures using equilibrium Eqs.
13.64kN
3m 3m
1.5m 1.5m
B E F C
G
H 6.82kN
F x  0  Ax  Dx  6.82  0 A D
 Ax  Dx  6.82  2.5  6.82  4.32kN Ax Dx  2.5 kN
Ay
Dy
M A  0  Dy (6)  13.64(3)  6.82(1.5)  0
FBD of the real structure
Dy  5.12kN
F y  0  Ay  Dy  13.64  0
 Ay =13.64  5.12  8.53kN

SFD

BMD

Must provide the deflection curve

Type 2
• Example for students with odd last digit

2m 2m 2m
The example for student with odd last digit

B G H C
1m
Student number ends with 3, UDL=3 x 2.63 = 7.89kN/m F
2m
7.89 kN/m
E
1m
A D
Original structure

Step 1: Determine degree of indeterminacy (DOI)
2m 4m 2m
r-3n=4-3(1)=1, which means you need to
consider a primary structure and a redundant
structure when using force method. B G H C
1m
F
2m
7.89 kN/m
E
1m
A D
Original structure

Step 2: Calculate M for primary structure (determine primary and virtual structures)
2m 4m 2m
Primary structure:
Assume Ax as redundant reaction, change the pin support
to a roller support at Point A to obtain a determinant
primary structure. B G H C
1m
F
2m
Virtual structure: 7.89 kN/m
Replace external forces by the unit force, which has E
1m
The same direction and location as Ax. Ax : Redundant reaction
A D
Original structure
2m 4m 2m
2m 4m 2m
B G H C
1m
F 1m B G H C
2m
7.89 kN/m F
2m
E 7.89 kN/m
1m
A D E
1m
1
A D
Primary structure Virtual structure
Step 2: Calculate M for primary structure (Reactions of primary structure)
2m 4m 2m 13.64kN
3m 3m
B G H C
1m
1.5m 1.5m
B E F C
F
G
2m
31.56 kN
H 6.82kN
E 15.78 kN
1m
A D
A D
Dx
FDB of the primary structure
Ay Dy
M D  0   Ay (8)  15.78(2)  31.56(4)  0

Ay  11.84kN
F x  0  Dx  15.78  0  Dx  15.78kN
F y  0  Ay  31.56  Dy  0  Dy =19.73kN

Sign convention of frame
Sign convention for Frame
Positive moments bend the members inward

Step 2: Calculate M(x1) for primary structure
2m 4m 2m
B G H C
1m
F
2m
31.56 kN
E 15.78 kN
1m
A
x1 D
Dx  15.78kN
Ay  11.84kN Dy =19.73kN
M O  0  M  x1   0
 M  x1   0
0  x1  1m

2m 4m 2m
B G H C
1m
F
0.5x2 x2
2m
31.56 kN
7.89x2
E
1m
A D
Dx  15.78kN
Ay  11.84kN Dy =19.73kN
M O  0  7.89 x2 (0.5 x2 )  M  x2   0
 M  x2   3.95 x2 2
0  x2  2m

2m 4m 2m
B G H C
1m
F
x3
1m
2m
31.56 kN
E 15.78 kN
1m
A D
Dx  15.78kN
Ay  11.84kN
Dy =19.73kN
M O  0  15.78(1  x3 )  M  x3   0
 M  x3   15.78 x3  15.78
0  x3  1m

2m 4m 2m
x4
B
G H C
1m
F
2m
31.56 kN
E 15.78 kN
1m
A D
Dx  15.78kN
Ay  11.84kN Dy =19.73kN
M O  0   Ay x4  15.78(2)  M  x4   0
 M  x4   Ay x4  15.78(2)
 M  x4   11.84 x4  31.56
0  x4  2m
2m 4m 2m
B G H C
1m
F 0.5x5
7.89x5
2m
E 15.78 kN x5
1m
A D
Dx  15.78kN
Ay  11.84kN Dy =19.73kN
M O  0  Dx (4)  Dy (2  x5 )  M  x5   7.89 x5  0.5 x5   0

 M  x5   Dx (4)  Dy (2  x5 )  7.89 x5  0.5 x5 
 M  x5   15.78(4)  19.73(2  x5 )  3.95 x5 2
 3.95 x5 2  19.73x5  23.66
0  x5  4m
2m 4m x6
B G H C
1m
F
2m
31.56 kN
E 15.78 kN
1m
A D
Dx  15.78kN
Ay  11.84kN Dy =19.73kN
M O  0  Dx (4)  Dy ( x6 )  M  x6   0
 M  x6   Dx (4)  Dy ( x6 )
 M  x6   15.78(4)  19.73x6  63.12  19.73x6
0  x6  2m

2m 4m 2m
B G H C
1m
F
2m
31.56 kN
E 15.78 kN x7
1m
A D
Dx  15.78kN
Ay  11.84kN Dy =19.73kN
M O  0  Dx x7  M  x7   0
 M  x7   Dx x7  15.78 x7
0  x7  4m
Step 2: Calculate m for virtual structure (Reactions of virtual structure)
2m 4m 2m
B G H C
1m
F
2m
7.89 kN/m
E
Dx
1m
1
A D
Virtual structure
Ay Dy
M D  0  Ay (8)  0
M
Dy  0
F
A  0  Dy (6)  0
 0  Ax  1  0  Ax  1
Ay  0
F
x
F y  0  Ay  Dy  0  Ay =0
x  0   Dx  1  0  Dx  1
F y  0  Ay  Dy  0  Dy =0

2m 4m 2m
B G H C
1m
F
2m
7.89 kN/m
E
Dx  1
1m
x1
A D
1
M O  0  1x1  m  x1   m  x1   x1
0  x1  1

2m 4m 2m
H/2*2=1 B G H C
1m
x2 F
2m
x2
7.89 kN/m
E
1m
A D
1 Dx  1
M O  0  1(1  x2 )  m  x2   m  x2   x2  1
0  x2  2

2m 4m 2m
x3 F
B G H C
1m
2m
x2
7.89 kN/m
E
1m
A D
1 Dx  1
M O  0  1(3  x3 )  m  x3   m  x3   x3  3
0  x3  1

2m 4m 2m
x3 F
B G H C
1m
2m
x2
1m
A D
1 Dx  1

m  x4   1(4)  m  x4   0  m  x4   4
0  x4  2
m  x4   m  x5   m  x6   4
0  x5  4
0  x6  2
2m 4m 2m
x3 F
B G H C
1m
2m
x2
x7
E
Dx  1
1m
A D
1
 Dx ( x7 )  m  x7   0  m  x7   x7
0  x7  4

1 M ( x1 )m( x1 ) 2 M ( x ) m( x ) 1 M ( x ) m( x )
Ax   dx1   2 2
dx2   3 3
dx3
0 EI 0 EI 0 EI
2 M ( x ) m( x ) 4 M ( x ) m( x ) 2 M ( x ) m( x ) 4 M ( x )m( x )
 4 4
dx4   5 5
dx5   6 6
dx6   7 7
dx7
0 EI 0 EI 0 EI 0 EI
2 M ( x ) m( x ) 1 M ( x ) m( x ) 2 M ( x ) m( x )
 2 2
dx2   3 3
dx3   4 4
dx4
0 EI 0 EI 0 EI
4 M ( x ) m( x ) 2 M ( x ) m( x ) 4 M ( x ) m( x )
 5 5
dx5   6 6
dx6   7 7
dx7
0 EI 0 EI 0 EI
1036.22

EI

1m( x1 )m( x1 ) 2 m( x ) m( x ) 1 m( x ) m( x )
f AA   dx1   2 2
dx2   3 3
dx3
0 EI 0 EI 0 EI
2 m( x ) m( x ) 4 m( x ) m ( x ) 2 m( x ) m( x ) 4 m( x )m( x )
 4 4
dx4   5 5
dx5   6 6
dx6   7 7
dx7
0 EI 0 EI 0 EI 0 EI
170.67

EI

Ax  f AA Ax  0
1036.22 170.67
  Dx  0
EI EI
 Ax  6.07 kN

2m 4m 2m
B G H C
1m
F
2m
31.56 kN
 Fx  0   Ax  Dx  15.78  0 E 15.78 kN
1m
 Dx  15.78  Ax  9.71kN
A D
M A  0  Dy (8)  31.56(4)  15.78(2)  0 Ax Dx
Dy  19.73kN
Ay Dy
FDB of the real structure
F y  0  Ay  Dy  31.56  0
 Ay =11.84kN

FBD

BMD

Must provide the deflection curve

The Slope Deflection Method for Task 2
By Shiwei Zhou

Fixed end moment
  L 3 L   L2 1 2 
wd     d 
 
2
wd   d 
  2  24   8 24  wd 3L2  d 2
F
M BC   M CBF
      
L2 L 24 L
 L 2 
2 L
 w  3L  
 
   wL  26    13wL if d=L/3
2
 3  9 2

 24 L 72  9  324

 L  2 L2 
 w 2  3L  4 
   wL2 11 11wL2
   if d=L/2
 24 L 24  
8 192


4.21p kN/m
Slope Deflection Method Example

B d=L1/3 C
L2
L2
13wL12
F
M BC   M CB
F

324
D
A
Unknown freedoms:  A , B ,C , D Original structure
Symmetrical conditions:
 A   D ; B  C ; M BC  MCB

4.21p kN/m
Slope Deflection Method Example 1

B L1/3 C
2 EI
 2 B  C  3 BC   M BC
L2
M BC  F
L2
LBC
2 EI 13wL12 2 EI B 13wL12
  2 B  C     (1)
L1 324 L1 324 D
Ax
Pin supported end span
This is only applicable for end span with far end Original structure
pinned or roller supported
3EI 3EI B
M N  3Ek  N  3   ( FEM ) N
M BA   B
  3 AB   M F
BA  (2)
LAB L2
3EI B 2 EI B 13wL12

Compatibility equation: M BA  M BC 0    0 (3)
L2 L1 324
13wL2 L13
 EI B 
23/04/2023
324  3L1  2 L2  By Shiwei Zhou 58
SFD: Example
Ay
-Dy
Dx
-Ax

BMD: Example L1
 M E  Ax L2  Ay  ME  0
3
L1
 M E  Ay  Ax L2
3
-AxL2
E
23/04/2023 AxBy Shiwei Zhou 60

Ay

Task2 2023ByShiwei

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Task 2 Examples

• Office: 251.2.64 (Bundoora Campus)

Please join the WhatApp group by scan

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 1

UDL: n x 2.63 kN/m UDL: n x 3.41 kN/m

n=0 is an even number UDL=12.29

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 2

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 3

The example for student with even last digit n=2

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 4

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 5

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 6

M A  0  Dy (6)  6.82(1.5)  13.64(3)  0

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 7

Sign convention for Frame

Positive moments bend the members inward

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 8

0  x1  3 FBD of the primary structure

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 9

FBD of the primary structure

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 10

FBD of the primary structure

M O  0  Ax (3)  Ay (2  x3 )  6.82 x3  0.5 x3   M  x3   0

FBD of the rimary structure

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 12

FBD of the primary structure

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 13

FBD of the primary structure

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 14

FBD of the primary structure

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 15

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 16

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 17

M O  0  Ax (3)  m  x2   1(3)  m  x2   0 FBD of the virtual structure

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 18

FBD of the virtual structure

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 19

FBD of the virtual structure

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 20

FBD of the virtual structure

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 21

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 22

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 23

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 24

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 25

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 26

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 27

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 28

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 29

The example for student with odd last digit

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 30

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 31

M D  0   Ay (8)  15.78(2)  31.56(4)  0

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 33

Sign convention for Frame

Positive moments bend the members inward

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 34

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 35

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 36

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 37

M O  0  Dx (4)  Dy (2  x5 )  M  x5   7.89 x5  0.5 x5   0

23/04/2023 By Shiwei Zhou 40