Slide 1

INTRODUCTION TO
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Presented by :
Ts AIMI ASHIKIN HANIB

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best

today.

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Slide 2

At the end of this topic student should :

• Understand the context of Malaysian construction industry
• Understand the context of project management and
construction management.

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best

today.

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Slide 3

Project : What does it

mean to you?

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best

today.

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Slide 4

What is a project?
• It is a temporary endeavor with beginning and end.
• To produce unique product, services or result. (PMI,2018)
• Project is a series of activities to be completed in a specified time to create a unique product
(Kerzner 2009)
• For it to perform, resources is needed.
• a temporary undertaking to produce some form of product or outcome.
• project is deemed to be a success if it achieve the objectives.

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best

today.

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Slide 5

Contemporary view of project

• Project is social construct (Morris 2011)
• Evolves of time and continuing to do so.
• Suggest with rethinking project management
which emphasised
• the complexity of projects and project management;
• the importance of social interaction among people;
• value creation (but noting that “value” and “benefit” have multiple
meanings linked to different purposes);
• seeing projects as “multidisciplinary, having multiple purposes, not
always predefined”;
• the development of “reflective practitioners who can learn, operate
and adapt
• effectively in complex project environments, through experience,
intuition and the pragmatic application of theory in practice” (Winter
et al. 2006).
The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best
today.

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Slide 6

The evolution of MCI

1980

1990

2020

2000
The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best
today.

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Slide 7

Positive impact of CI

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best

today.

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Slide 8

Current issues of the industry

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best

today.

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Slide 9

Issues in MCI
cost overrun
accident

bad paymaster

corruption

quality problems

environmental issues

low technology adoption

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best

today.

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Slide 10

Related project in Construction Industry

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best

today.

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Slide 11

Types of Project : Economic, Social & Cultural Projects

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best

today.

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Slide 12

.... Some with disastrous results and ending

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best

today.

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Slide 13

Unique characteristics of Construction

Project Management
▪ Unique, one off undertaking

▪ Teams constructing the project are temporary in nature

▪ Causes irreversible change once sanctioned

▪ Risky & many uncertainties

▪ Demand effective utilisation of resources (human, money, plant

and materials, technology etc.)

▪ Numerous inter-related activities operating on a demanding

time scale

▪ Harsh construction working environment

▪ As the project gains momentum, money is spent at a very fast

rate.
The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best
today.

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Slide 14

Project
Objectives

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best

today.

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Slide 15

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best

today.

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Slide 16

Organisation & Management

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best

today.

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Slide 17

Organisations:
• Exist to achieve objectives
• Key resources -money, people, technology and equipment
• Comprise of systems and sub-systems
• Significance of the human resource

Management:
• Aim- to drive the organisation to achieve the objectives
• Concerned with the management system & processes
▪ Undertaken by selected groups of people - top managers, middle
Management managers, line managers, team leaders
• Technical competencies: planning, organising, staffing/recruiting,
monitoring and control
• Human competencies: communicating, leading and motivating

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best

today.

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Slide 18

Management function for managers?

Planning Technical
Skills &
Organising
Competency
Monitoring & Controlling

Recruiting

Leading
Human Skills
& Communicating
Competency
Motivating
Hassan 2010

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best

today.

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Slide 19

Policy, standards act

Portfolio Management
Context of Portfolio management is the process of managing a group of
investments that meet the long-term financial objectives and risk
tolerance of a client, a company, or an institution.
Project :
Program Management
Program management is the management of
▪ Industry level different but related projects. When you have multiple
project connected to each other, you group them
together and manage them as whole program
▪ Organisation
Level Project Management

▪ Project Level Project management is the application of processes, methods,

skills, knowledge and experience to achieve
specific project objectives according to the project acceptance
criteria within agreed parameters.

Conceptual Design TheTender Construction

best preparation for tomorrow isHandover
doing your best
today.

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Slide 20

Different context of management

Project Programs / organisation Portfolio / industry

A project is a temporary endeavor
Definition undertaken to create a unique product,
service, or result.
Projects have defined objectives. Scope is
Scope progressively elaborated throughout the
project life cycle.
Project managers expect change and
Change implement processes to keep change
managed and controlled.
Project managers progressively elaborate
Planning high-level information into detailed plans
throughout the project life cycle.
Project managers manage the project
Management team to meet the project objectives.
Project managers monitor and control
Monitoring the work of producing the products,
services, or results that the project
was undertaken to produce
Success is measured by product and
Success project quality, timeliness, budget
compliance, and degree of customer
satisfaction.
A program is a group of related projects, subsidiary programs,
and program activities that are managed
in a coordinated manner to obtain benefits not available from
managing them individually
Programs have a scope that encompasses the scopes of its
program components. Programs produce benefits to an
organization by ensuring that the outputs and outcomes of
program components are
delivered in a coordinated and complementary manner.
Programs are managed in a manner that accepts and adapts to
change as necessary to optimize the delivery of benefits as the
program’s components deliver outcomes and/or outputs
Programs are managed using high-level plans that track the
interdependencies and progress of program components.
Program plans are also used to guide planning at the
component level.
Programs are managed by program managers who ensure that
program benefits are delivered as expected, by coordinating
the activities of a program’s components.
Program managers monitor the progress of program
components to ensure the overall goals, schedules,
budget, and benefits of the program will be met.
A program’s success is measured by the program’s ability to
deliver its intended benefits to an organization, and by the
program’s efficiency and effectiveness in delivering those
benefits.
The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best
A portfolio is a collection of projects,
programs, subsidiary portfolios, and
operations managed as a group to
achieve strategic objectives.
Portfolios have an organizational scope that changes
with the strategic objectives of the organization.
Portfolio managers continuously monitor changes in
the broader internal and external environments.
Portfolio managers create and maintain necessary
processes and communication relative to the
aggregate portfolio.
Portfolio managers may manage or
coordinate portfolio management staff, or program
and project staff that may have reporting
responsibilities into the aggregate portfolio.
Portfolio managers monitor strategic
changes and aggregate resource allocation,
performance results, and risk of the portfolio.
Success is measured in terms of the aggregate
investment performance and benefit realization of the
portfolio.
today.

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Slide 21

Program management knowledge area

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best

today.

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Slide 22

Comparison on knowledge area.

Project Program Portfolio

Integration Management Strategic Decision Management Life Cycle

Scope Management (Stakeholder) Value Management Strategic Management

Time Management Pace Management
Cost Management Resource Management
Quality Management Benefits Management
Human Resources Management Stakeholder Relationship
Management
Governance
Capacity and Capability
Management
Stakeholder Engagement
Value Management
“process groups and
knowledge areas that are
valid for project cannot be
directly transposed to the
management of
programs” Michel 2004

Communications Management Communication/Marketing Risk Management

Management

Risk Management Uncertainty Management

Procurement Management Partnership Management (Value

Chain)
The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best
today.

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Slide 23

Context between portfolio, program and project

management
Attributes Strategic/ formulation/ Tactical/ management level/ Operational/execution level
definition functional level
Time Long term Medium Short term
Deliverable Direction Framework to reach Actual implementation task
Creates Vision mechanism Implementation
Decision Long term medium Limited by tactical decision
sequences Highest medium Lower
Establish constraint
Affect Overall Sectional Individual
Context Why How What
Depth of information Top level Middle management Implementation
Level Industry/policy Businesses/ organisation Project
Criticality High Medium Low

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best

today.

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Slide 24

Activities at every phase of project development

Construction

(1)*
Design • Progress
• Time
(2)*
• Contract Sum
• Cost
• Claims & Payments
Quality Planning & Control • Quality
• Variations
Process • Health & Safety
Detail
• Environment • Extension of Time
Design & Specifications • Determination
Environmental Planning & Control • Completion
Process Monitoring & Control • Etc.

Health And Safety Planning & Control Process Authorities Approval Contract Administration (2)

Administer Value Management Project Monitoring

Project
Start Success or
Conceptual Design
Financial Control
Failure
Preliminary Estimate Process
Tender
Award Testing &
Project Financial Commissioning
Project Brief &
Viability Hand Over
Tender
Project Implementation Evaluation DLP
Initiate the Management
project PLan & Control Tender Exercise
Managing Operations And Maintenance
Tender Documentation Plan Processes
Procurement strategy

Conceptualisation/ Tendering Close Out

Inceptions

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best

today.

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Slide 25

thank you

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best

today.

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