English II

Learning Unit I. Expressing Agreement and Disagreement and Phrasal Verbs

Theoretical Hours: 8 Practicum Hours: 19 Total Hours: 27

Learning Unit Objective. The student will state his/her stance regarding the stance of a third party to negociate in
his/her professional and personal environment.

Topic 1. Phrasal Verbs

Knowledge Performance Attitude
1.To identify and distinguish the use of 1.To describe negotiation processes by Responsibility
Separable and Inseparable Phrasal Verbs. using Phrasal Verbs. Respect
Proavtivity
2.To explain the usage and structure of Empathy
phrasal vebs regarding object pronouns and Team collaboration
objective complements. Leadership

Topic 1 Vocabulary
1. ask over 1.to invite someone to your house.
2. blow up 1.to explode; to be destroyed by an explosion.
3. break down 1.to stop working because of a fault.
4. 1.to make something appear.
bring out 2.to make a particular quality or detail noticeable:
A crisis can bring out the best in people.
5. bring round 1.to make somebody who is unconscious become conscious again.
6. bring up 1.to mention a subject or start to talk about it.
7. call about 1.to call someone by phone to discuss a particular person or topic.
8. call back 1.to phone somebody again or to phone somebody who phoned you earlier.
9. 1.to publicly ask for something to happen:
call for
They called for the immediate release of the hostages.
10. 1.to cancel something; to decide that something will not happen:
call off
They have called off their engagement (= decided not to get married).
11. call over 1. to request that someone come to where one is.
12. call round 1.To pay a short visit.
13. come 1.to meet or find somebody/something by chance:
across She came across some old photographs in a drawer.
14. come after to run after or follow somebody
15. 1.to return:
come back
Come back, I need to talk to you!
16. 1.to visit someone in their home:
come round
Come round tonight and we'll watch a video.
17. 1.to be confident that you can depend on someone:
count on
You can always count on Michael in a crisis.
18. 1.to reduce the number, amount, or size of something:
cut down Patients were asked if they had cut down their use of painkillers.
I need to cut this section down to 500 words.
19. 1.to take someone or something to a particular place, usually by car, as you travel to a
different place:
drop off
We dropped our luggage off at the hotel and went sightseeing.

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20. 1.to eat in a restaurant:
eat out
When I lived in Spain, I used to eat out all the time.
21. 1.to discover a fact or piece of information:
We may never find out the truth about what happened.
2.find out who/what/why etc.:
find out
The police are determined to find out who killed Louise.
3.find out (that):
Her parents found out that she had a boyfriend.
22. 1.to escape from a person or place:
A police officer grabbed him, but he got away.
2.to manage to leave a place, especially your work:
get away He said he’d meet me for lunch if he could get away.
3 to go somewhere different from where you live in order to have a rest or a vacation
get away from it all:
On days like today, I just want to get away from it all.
23. 1.to start to do (something):
get down It’s time to stop delaying and get down to work. Let's get down to business.
2.to begin to give one's attention or effort to (something).
24. get lost 1.to not know where you are or are unable to find your way.
25. 1. to have a good relationship:
get on
We're getting on much better now that we don't live together.
26. 1. to get better after an illness, or feel better after something or someone has made you
get over unhappy:
She was only just getting over the flu when she got a stomach bug.
27. 1. to stand up:
get up
The whole audience got up and started clapping.
28. 1.to provide someone with something that you no longer want or need:
give away
Any plants that were left I gave away to neighbors.
29. 1.to give something to each of a number of people:
give out
They’re giving out free tickets to the circus.
30. 1. to stop doing something before you have finished it, usually because it is too difficult:
give up
[ + -ing verb ] I've given up trying to help her.
31. 1.to be reduced in price, value, amount, quality, level, or size:
go down
The temperature went down to minus ten last night.
32. 1. to start working in a particular type of job or business:
go into
Alex has decided to go into nursing.
33. 1. to leave your house and go somewhere, especially to do something enjoyable:
go out
I wanted the evenings free for going out with friends.
34. 1.to experience a difficult or unpleasant situation:
go through
I've been going through a bad patch recently.
35. 1.to move higher, rise, or increase:
go up
The average cost of a new house has gone up by five percent to £276,500.
36. 1.to gradually become an adult:
grow up
I grew up in Scotland.
37. 1. to end a phone conversation:
hang up
He started shouting so I hung up (on him).
38. 1.to invite someone to go somewhere such as a restaurant or the movies with you, often
invite out because you want to start a romantic relationship with them:
I’m thinking of inviting him out to the theater.
39. 1. to continue doing something:
keep on
My sister kept on asking me question after question.
40. 1.to make someone unconscious:
knock out
He hit me and nearly knocked me out.

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41. 1.to make someone disappointed by not doing something that they are expecting you to
let down do:
The kids will be let down when they hear you can’t come after all.
42. log in 1.to connect to a computer system by putting in a particular set of letters or numbers:
log on What is the user name and password that you use to log on?
log onto If you are already a registered user, please log in.
43. 1. to take care of someone or something and make certain that they have everything they
look after need:
It’s hard work looking after three children all day.
44. 1. to direct your eyes toward someone or something so that you can see them:
look at
He turned and looked at her.
45. 1.to search for someone or something:
look for
I’m looking for Jim. Have you seen him?
46. 1.used for warning someone to be careful, especially because they are likely to have an
look out accident:
Look out! There’s a car coming.
47. 1.to try to find a particular piece of information by looking in a book or on a list, or by
look up using a computer:
I didn’t know what “loquacious” meant and had to look it up in a dictionary.
48. 1.to understand someone or the meaning of something in a particular way:
make of I don’t know what to make of our new teacher.

49. 1.to invent an explanation for something, especially in order to avoid being punished or
embarrassed:
make up He made up some excuse about the dog eating his homework.
2. to become friendly with someone again after an argument:
Why don’t you two forget your differences and make up?
50. 1.to offer something to each person in a group of people:
pass around
The managing editor passed the copy around to get feedback.
51. 1.to spend a lot of money on something, or to pay a lot of money to someone:
pay out
I've just paid out $500 on getting the car fixed.
52. 1.to choose, find, or recognize something or someone in a group:
pick out
From all the puppies, we picked out the smallest one to take home.
53. 1.to lift someone or something using your hands:
pick up
If she starts to cry, pick her up and give her a cuddle.
54. 1. to express your ideas and opinions clearly so that people understand them easily:
put across
It's an interesting idea and I thought he put it across well.
55. 1. to decide or arrange to delay an event or activity until a later time or date:
put off
The meeting has been put off for a week.
56. 1. to cover part of the body with clothes, shoes, make-up, or something similar:
put on
Put your shoes on - we're going out.
57. 1.to make something such as a fire or cigarette stop burning:
put out
Firefighters have been called to put out the fire in the city centre.
58. 1.to call someone who called you earlier, or to call someone for a second time:
ring back
I'm a bit busy - can I ring you back in a few minutes?
59. 1. to chase someone or something:
run after
Velluci ran after the car waving his fists.
60. 1.to use all of something and not have any left:
run out of
Some hospitals are running out of blood supplies
61. 1.to leave on a trip:
set out
After a three-day rest, the travelers set out again.
62. 1.to organize or plan something such as an event or system:
set up I’ll set up a meeting for Thursday.

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63. 1.to behave in a way that is intended to attract people’s attention and make them admire
show off you:
The children start showing off the minute anyone comes to visit.
64. 1.to stop talking or making a noise:
shut up
Why don’t you shut up?
65. 1.to agree with one particular person and support them in an argument:
side with
She always sided with my brother.
66. 1. to wait to make a decision until the next day, after you have rested and had more time
sleep on to think:
Let me sleep on it and give you an answer tomorrow.
67. 1.to write something down:
Reporters took down every word of his speech.
take down
2.to remove something from the internet or a website:
The webmaster will decide whether to take down the web page or make the required changes.
68. 1.take off (of an aircraft, etc.). to leave the ground and begin to fly:
The plane took off an hour late.
take off 2.take something off.to remove something, especially a piece of clothing from
your/somebody’s body:
He took off my wet boots and made me sit by the fire.
69. take out 1.to go to a restaurant, theatre, club, etc. with somebody you have invited.
70. 1.to start doing a job or being responsible for something that another person did or had
take over
responsibility for before:
She took over as manager two weeks ago.
71. 1.to persuade someone to agree with you or to do what you want them to do:
talk round
She's not keen on the idea but we think we can talk her round.
72. 1.to recognize the difference between two people or things that are very similar:
tell apart
The two women are so similar that only their husbands can tell them apart.
73. 1.to criticize someone angrily for doing something wrong tell off for doing something:
tell off
The teacher told me off for talking too much in class.
74. 1.to not accept an offer or request:
How could you turn down such a fantastic job?
turn down 2.to reduce the amount of sound, heat, or light produced by a piece of equipment by
pressing a button or moving a switch:
Could you turn the music down a little?
75. 1.to stop a piece of equipment working temporarily by pressing a button or by moving a
turn off switch:
Will you turn the television off, please?
76. 1.to increase the amount of sound, heat, or light produced by a piece of equipment by
turn up pressing a button or moving a switch:
Can you turn the volume up a little?
77. 1.to start to feel more lively, or to make someone feel more lively:
wake up
Another cup of coffee will wake me up.

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 Transitive and Intransitive Phrasal Verbs

From: Gini
To: Shelley
Subject: Meeting

Hi Shelley,
Sorry, I didn’t call about meeting on Friday. I looked for your phone number but couldn’t
find it. Anyway, I’m afraid I have to look after my little sister. Would Saturday be OK? I’ll come
round at six and maybe we could eat out somewhere?
Bye,
Gini
Introduction
A phrasal verb is a verb + a particle:

I’ve been looking for your phone number.

I have to look after my young sister.

When you combine the verb with a particle, it creates a new meaning:

Look at this picture. (= direct your eyes towards something)

I’ve been looking for your phone number. (= try to find something in different places)
I have to look after my younger sister. (= take care of someone)

TIP It can be difficult to guess the meaning of a phrasal verb by trying to understand the meaning of the verb and the
particle separately. Learn them as one word.

Common verbs in phrasal verbs include: bring, call, come, get, give, go, keep, look, make, pick, put, run, set, take, turn.
Common particles in phrasal verbs include: about, round, at, away, back, down, for, in, into, off, on, out, through, to, up.

Transitive or Intransitive

Many phrasal verbs need a direct object. They are transitive verbs:
I’ve been looking for your phone number.
I have to look after my younger sister.

Some phrasal verbs do not take a direct object. They are intransitive verbs:
I’ll come round at six.
Maybe we could eat out somewhere.

Common intransitive verbs: call round, come back, come round, eat out, get away, get on, get up, go down, go up, grow up, log in, look
out, look up, take off.

TIP A good dictionary will tell you if a phrasal verb is transitive or intransitive.
look after [v p n] = look after is transitive because the verb and particle must be followed by a noun.
go out [v p] = go out is intransitive because there is no noun after the verb and particle.

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 Exercises
1A.Complete the sentences with the phrasal verbs in the box.
pick up come back call round wake up look after put on take off
1. ________ ________! It’s time for school.

2. Can you ________ ________ your sister while I go to the shops?

3. Don’t forget to ________ ________ a coat. It’s cold outside.

4. I don’t want any of your friends to ________ ________ until you’ve done all your homework.

5. ________ ________ your clothes.

6. ________ ________ those dirty shoes!

7. ________ ________ here this minute!

2A.Choose the correct particles.

1.When can I come at / round / to for tea?

2.I’m looking for /after / at your house. Where is it?

3.The temperatura goes up /away /down in the summer.

4.Turn up /out / down the TV. It’s too loud.

5.Look to / off /out ! It’s going to fall on your head.

6.Don’t give up / out / off. Keep trying.

7.Have you picked on / off / out the one you want yet?

8.The plane is about to take away / off / up.

3A.Categorize all the phrasal verbs in exercises 1 and 2 as transitive or intransitive.

Transitive (verb + particle + direct object):

________________________________________________________________________________

Intransitive (verb + particle):

________________________________________________________________________________

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4A.Answer these questions so that they are true for you. Write complete sentences.
1.What time do you wake up?
________________________________________________________________________________
2.How often you eat out?
________________________________________________________________________________
3.Do you look after anyone or anything? (e.g. a younger brother or sister, a pet)
________________________________________________________________________________
4.How well do you get on with your neighbours?
________________________________________________________________________________

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 Separable and Inseparable Phrasal Verbs
The courier is picking up a package from reception at 3 but he needs to pick this up as well.

Can you ring Erika back? She’s called four times this morning!

Mr. Gonzalez arrives at 12. Please look after him for a few minutes – offer him coffee, etc.

Many phrasal verbs are transitive and they need a direct object. Transitive phrasal verbs can be separable or
inseparable.

Separable Phrasal Verbs

With separable phrasal verbs the direct object can go before or after the particle:

The courier is picking up a package.

The courier is picking a package up.

Common separable verbs: bring up, give away, give out, give up, payo ut, pick out, put on, set up, turn down, turn off, take over, turn
up.
If the direct object is a pronoun, it must go before the particle:

Say “The courier is picking it up”. (don’t say “The courier is picking up it.”)
A few transitive verbs are only separable. The direct object must always go before the particle:

Say “Can you ring Erika back?” (don’t say “Can you ring back Erika?”)
Other verbs like this include: ask (someone) over, get (someone) up, see (someone) around.

Inseparable Phrasal Verbs

Some phrasal verbs are inseparable. The direct object must go after the participle. It cannot go between the
verb and the particle:

Say “Please look after Mr. Gonzalez for a few minutes.” (don’t say “Please look Mr. Gonzalez after for a few
minutes.”)

Say “Please look after him for a mew minutes.” (don’t say “Please look him after a few minutes.”)
Common inseparable verbs: come across, go through, look after, look for.
TIP A good dictionary will tell you if a phrasal verb is separable or inseparable.

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 Exercises
5A.Choose the correct options. Both answers are possible in some questions.
1
Log onto my computer / Log my computer onto and 2look the file for / look for the file marked EXPO.

Alex might call. 3Take down his number / Take his number down and I’ll 4call him back / call back him.

If Donald Sterling arrives, please 5look after him / look him after until I get back from lunch. Perhaps you could

6 take out him / take him out for a coffee.

Julia’s leaving on Friday. Can you 8pick a nice present out / pick out a nice present for her.

Can we 9set up a meeting / set a meeting up about the conference? Is tomorrow OK?

6A. Put the words in order. Sometimes there are two possible answers.

1.pick I’ll up Melanie

___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
2.mother after baby is looking the my
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
3.new looking for apartment we’re a
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
4.me these let sunglasses on put
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
5.across he old came an photograph
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
6.stupid off that hat take
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
7.the up her number in look phone book
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________

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 Phrasal Verbs Summary

A phrasal verb is a veb + a participle (preposition or adverb). The same verb may be used with a number of
different particles. The meaning of the verb changes in each time:

Look out! (=be careful)

I’ve been looking for you all morning! (=trying to find)

Intransitive Phrasal Verbs

Intransitive phrasal verbs don’t have objects. They can describe actions or states:

Shut up!
I got up late.
He slept on through all the noise.

Separable Phrasal Verbs

Many phrasal verbs are transitive and they need an object. Transitive verbs can be separable or inseparable.
With separalbe phrasal verbs, the object can come either before or after the particle:

Look up “bonsai” on the computer.

Look “bonsai” up on the computer.

If the object is a pronoun, it must go before the particle:

Look it up on the computer.(don’t say “Look up it on the computer.”)

Common separable phrasal verbs include: bring out, call off, drop off, give up, look up, make up, pass around, pick up, put
across, put out.
With a few separable phrasal verbs, the object can only come between the verb and the particle: I’ll call the
customer back later. (don’t say I’ll call back the customer later.)
Other verbs like this include: bring round, call (someone) over, invite out, talk (someone) round, tell (two or more
things) apart.

Inseparable Phrasal Verbs

With inseparable phrasal verbs, the object must go after the particle. It cannot go between the verb and the
particle.
Common inseparable phrasal verbs include: call for, come after, count on, get over, go into, look after, look for, look through, make
of, run after, side with.

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 Exercises
7A.Choose the correct options. Then listen and check.
A:Have you had a chance to 1look trough this report / look this report through yet?

B:No, I haven’t. Dave 2dropped it off / dropped off it on my desk this morning, but I honestly haven’t had the chance

to 3pick it up / pick up it yet. I’ve been too busy.

A:Janet wants to know what you 4make it of / make of it. She’s asked me to 5find it out / find out what you think.

She wants me to 6call her back / call back her as soon as I have.

B:Why’s it so urgent?

A:Well, apparently it’s 7 calling massive cuts for / calling for massive cuts in spending - it could even mean some

people losing their jobs. Janet wants to fight it if she can, but she needs to know she can 8 count everyone’s support

on / count on everyone’s support - and that, of course, includes you.

B:Mmmm, I’d better 9 get it down / get down to reading it then! Or maybe we should 10 call the boss over / call

over the boss to explain it to us in person.

8A.Write the words in the correct order. In some cases two different orders are possible. Write both
possible word orders.
1.album new bringing They’re out a.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
2.wedding called They’ve the off.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
3.the police after knew come him would He.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
4.managed away She finally to get.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
5.around the world She her job gave to travel up.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
6.acting Amy has go decided to into.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
7.the road to you’ll Keep or lost get.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
8.his message put He very across clearly.
___________________________________________________________________________________________

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9A.Rewrite the sentences substituting a pronoun for the words in bold.
1.He made up a story and everyone believed him.
He made it up and everyone believed him.
2.They passed around the photos for everyone to see.
They ________________________________ for everyone to see.
3.We looked after their three cats for our neighbours.
We ________________________________ for our neighbours.
4.They quickly put out the fire.
They ________________________________.
5.He ran after the woman, but he couldn’t catch up with her.
He ________________________________, but he couldn’t catch up with her.
6.My mother always sided with my brohter, no matter what he’d done.
My mother ________________________________, no matter what he’d done.

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 Vocabulary
10A.Complete each sentence with a phrasal verb in the correct tense. Sometimes you will have to
separate the verb from the particle.
blow up break down bring up cut down get over hang up
keep on knock out let down pick up put off put out
turn up run out of set out show off take off tell off

1.Have you got over that terrible cough you had last time I saw you?

2.He touched one of the sculptures in the exhibition, and the guard saw him and ____________ him ____________.

3.Her car ____________ gas and she had to hitchhike to a gas station.

4.Her husband left her when the children were babies and she ____________them ____________ herself.

5.I know you don’t want to talk to Jenny but it’s really important to do it today. You can’t ____________ it

____________ any longer.

6.Jimmy’s giving me a lift. He’s ____________ me ____________ tomorrow morning at eleven.

7.My little sister often ____________ when we have visitors. She wants to get more attention.

8.Our car ____________ on the motorway and we had to call a garage to get it fixed.

9.Our plane ____________ an hour late so we landed in Rome an hour later than we’d expected.

10.Please ____________ your cigarette. Can’t you se the “no smoking” sign?

11.She ____________ asking me for money so in the end I had to give her some.

12.Terrorists put a bomb under the bridge and ____________ it ____________.

13.The robber hit the bank manager over the head and ____________ him ____________. He was unconscious for

half an hour.

14.Tony still hadn’t arrived by ten. Eventually, he ____________at 11:30 with two other people.

15.We ____________ on our trip quite early but there was already a lot of traffic on the road.

16.We ____________ the tree int he front of our house because we didn’t get any light in our sitting room.

17.We promised to go and visit her tomorrow so we have to. We can’t ____________ her ____________. She’d be so

disappointed.

18.We were talking on the phone and suddenly she just ____________. Maybe somebody rang at her front door.

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 Topic 2. Agreement and Disagreement Expressions

Knowledge Performance Attitude

1.To distinguish the contexts in which the 1.To express agreements and Responsibility
agreement and disagreement expressions disagreements. Respect
“too/either/so/neither” are used. Proavtivity
2.To state his/her stance according to Empathy
2.To explain the interaction of the auxiliaries texts and situations. Team collaboration
with the agreement and disagreement Leadership
expressions.

Agreement and Disagreement Expressions

[Emma]: Easy. My brother. Maths. Winter. Milk chocolate – I don’t like it.
[Nicko]: Neither do I. Dark chocolate is the best.
[Susy]: Hello, Emma! You’re right. Winter is so boring.
[Tod]: Hi, everyone. I think winter is OK.
[Nicko]: Me too. I love snow. And there’s football… I’m a Manchester United fan.
[Tod]: So am I.
[Emma]: I hate football.
[Susy]: So do I. And cabbage.
[Emma]: No.
[Tod]: Yuk!

1.Use so + auxiliary verb + subject to mean “too” or “also”.

A:I’m a Manchester United fan.
B:So am I! (=I’m a Manchester United fan, too.)
A:I think winter is OK.
B.So do I. (=I think winter is OK, too.)
A:I hate football.
B:So do we. (=We hate football, too.)
2.The negative is neither + auxiliary verb + subject.
A:I don’t like it.
B:Neither do I. (=I don’t like it either.)
3.Use the same auxiliary verb after so or neither as the auxiliary verb in the original statement.
A:I am a football fan.
B:So am I.
A:I’ve never been to Spain.
B:Neither has my brother.
4.If there is no auxiliary verb in the original statement, use a form of do.
A:Nicko likes white chocolate.
B:So does Todd.
A:I hate football.
B:So do we.
5.After so and neither the auxiliary verb comes before the subject.
So am I. NOT So I am.
Neither does she. NOT Neither she does.
6.Instead of So am I or So do I we can say “Me too”. Instead of Neither am I or Neither do I we can say “Me
neither”.

TIP: You can pronounce neither with an /aɪ/ o tan /i:/ sound. The first is more common in Britain, the second in
the USA.

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 Exercises
1B.Match each sentence to an appropriate reply.
_____ 1.I’m tired today. a.So can I.
_____ 2.I’m not working this weekend. b.So was I.
_____ 3.I don’t come here often. c.Neither do I.
_____ 4.Frank plays tennis really well. d.So has her sister.
_____ 5.I haven’t heard the new CD yet. e.Neither am I.
_____ 6.Isabel has been to the USA lots of times. f.So does his brother.
_____ 7.She can count to 20 in German. g.So am I.
_____ 8.My friends were on holiday last week. h.Neither have I.

2B.Sussy and Abigail always agree. Write Abigail’s replies to what Sussy says (two replies each
time).
Sussy Abigail
1.I am 16. So am I Me too
2.I chat on the webstite every evening. ____________ ____________
3.I don’t eat chocolate. ____________ ____________
4.I am good at English. ____________ ____________
5.I don’t watch horror movies. ____________ ____________
6.I hate football. ____________ ____________
7.I’m not going out this weekend. ____________ ____________
8.I think winter is boring. ____________ ____________

3B.Write replies to the following statemetns using so or neither and the subject in brackets.
1.A: We are ready! B.(we) So are we!
2.A:Are your parents coming to the show? B:No, they’re not and (my friends) _________________
3.A:Maria’s studying medicine. B: (her sister) _________________
4.A: I didn’t understand whe he said! B: (I) _________________
5.A:My dad hasn’t been here before. B: (my mum) _________________
6.A: I was up late last night. B:(I) _________________
7.A: I thought the film was great. B:(we) _________________
8.A:I can’t see the board. B: (I) _________________
9.A: Mrs. Jacobs isn’t very polite. B:(her husband) _________________
10.A: They live in the city center. B:(my cousins) _________________
11.A: I’m really cold. B:(I) _________________
12. You weren’t listening! B: (you) _________________

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4B.Circle the correct option.
1.My cat is beautiful and so _____ my dog.
a.do b.does c.is
2.A:I’ve never used a chat room. B: _____
a.So have I. b.Neither have I . c.Neither I have.
3.A:You shouldn’t say bad things about your brother. B: _____
a.So shouldn’t you. b.Neither shouldn’t you. c.Neither should you.
4.A:Robert isn’t coming to the party. B:Neither _____ Paul and Jack.
a.are b.is c.do
5.Emma chatted last night for four hours. So _____.
a.Todd did. b.did Tod. c.does Todd.

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