Mass Number

Mass number is the

in the nucleus.
*** Mass number is always a whole number. ***
Atomic Mass
Atomic mass is

Average Atomic Mass

Average atomic mass is of a
particular element calculated by considering isotopes
of that element.
Carbon atoms contain a mixture of 98.89% of
Carbon-12 isotope with a mass of 12 amu, and 1.11%
of Carbon-13 isotope with a mass of 13.00335 amu.
What is the average atomic mass of carbon?
average atomic mass of carbon
= (12*0.9889) + (13.00335*0.11)
= 12.01 amu

Relative Atomic Mass

Relative atomic mass is of
to
*** Atomic mass and average atomic mass are the
same. ***
*** Atomic mass and relative atomic mass are the
same numerically but different in definition; the
relative atomic mass does not have a unit as it is the
comparison. ***

Molecular Mass (or) Formula Mass

Molecular mass is
in a molecule.

e.g., Find the molecular mass of CO2. (C = 12amu,

O = 16 amu.)
Ans: Molecular mass of CO2 = 12 + (2*16) = 44 amu

Relative Molecular Mass

Relative molecular mass is of
to one twelfth (1/12) of
the mass of an atom of Carbon-12.
*** Molecular mass and relative molecular mass are
the same numerically, but relative molecular mass
does not have a unit as it is a comparison. ***

Exercise
• Calculate the relative molecular mass of oxygen,
O2. (O = 16 amu)
• Calculate the molecular mass of oxygen, O2.
(O=16mu)

Key 1. 32
Key 2. 32 amu

One mole of a substance

One mole of a substance is the amount of
Molar mass

*** The atomic mass and the molar mass of the same
element are equal numerically but different in units.
***

Mole Formula

𝑴𝒂𝒔𝒔
𝑴𝒐𝒍𝒆 =
𝑴𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑴𝒂𝒔𝒔
Molarity
Molarity is expressed as the
of dissolved solute per liter of
solution.

e.g., Find the molarity of 2 liters solution of NaCl,

whose solute has moles of 0.5.

0.5 𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 = = 0.25 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿−1 = 0.25 𝑀
2 𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠