S Pressure Testing Blowout Preventers & Related Equipment

PRESSURE TESTING BLOWOUT PREVENTERS & RELATED EQUIPMENT
RIG: WELL NUMBER: PREVIOUS TEST: THIS TEST:
WELL INFORMATION BLOWOUT PREVENTERS

HOLE LAST CASING STRING SET UNIT SIZE TYPE PRESSURE RATING
BURST SHOE
SIZE DEPTH SIZE WT GRADE RATING DEPTH ANNULAR PSI
PIPE RAMS PSI
TESTER DRILL PIPE DATA BLIND RAMS PSI
CUP PLUG NONE SIZE WT GRADE CONN PIPE RAMS PSI
PIPE RAMS PSI
MUD WEIGHT: PCF
ACCUMULATOR UNIT DATA NOTE: HYDRIL TO BE TESTED @ 70% RATED

WORKING PRESSURE WITH PIPE IN HOLE
SYSTEMS OPERATING USEABLE
CAPACITY PRESSURE VOLUME
GAL PSI GAL
TEST DETAILS
PRECHARGE PRESSURE DATE LAST CHECKED
PSI ACCUMULATOR CUT-IN CUT-OFF
PRESSURE PRESSURE
MANIFOLD PRESSURE AIR PUMPS PSI PSI
ELECTRIC PUMPS PSI PSI
ANNULAR MANIFOLD
PSI PSI
TEST OF AUXILIARY SYSTEMS AS PER SAUDI ARAMCO WELL CONTROL MANUAL

KILL LINE CHOKE LINE KELLY EMERGENCY KILL LINE
MANUAL HCR CHECK KILL MANUAL HCR CHOKE SWACO UPPER LOWER MANUAL HCR KILL
PSI VALVE VALVE VALVE LINE VALVE VALVE LINE LEFT RIGHT COCK COCK VALVE VALVE LINE
LOW
HIGH
TIME
LOW
HIGH
REMARKS:
DRILLER SIGNATURE TOOLPUSHER SIGNATURE COMPANY REPRESENTATIVE SIGNATURE
Revision Date: 10/20/02 Page 1 of 2

Form # 2.0
PRESSURE TESTING BLOWOUT PREVENTERS & RELATED EQUIPMENT
RIG: WELL NUMBER: PREVIOUS TEST: THIS TEST:
ALTERNATE BI-WEEKLY TESTS WITH

BOP TEST IN PSI AND TIME
CHARGING SYSTEM ISOLATED BOTTLE BANKS ISOLATED
TEST PRESSURE DURATION OF TEST

UNIT CLOSE OPEN CLOSE OPEN
LOW HIGH LOW HIGH
ANNULAR PSI PSI MIN MIN SEC SEC SEC SEC

PIPE RAMS PSI PSI MIN MIN SEC SEC SEC SEC
BLIND RAMS PSI PSI MIN MIN SEC SEC SEC SEC
ARE THE BELOW ITEMS ON THE RIG AND IN GOOD WORKING ORDER:
YES NO YES NO
ROTATING HEAD AND STRIPPER (PACK-OFF) ACCUMULATOR BOTTLE AND TEST GAUGE
STRIPPING VALVE (TIW) FILL ADAPTER FOR NITROGEN BOTTLE
DRILL PIPE BACK PRESSURE VALVE (INSIDE BOP) SPARE NITROGEN BOTTLES
X-OVER: DC x DP DRILL PIPE PRESSURE GAUGE
KELLY COCK WRENCH (S) ANNULAR PRESSURE GAUGE
ADJUSTABLE CHOKES STEM AND BONNETS DRILL PIPE FLOAT VALVE
MUD GAS SEPARATOR DE-GASSER
P.V.T. SET TO ALARM AT 10 BBLS ALL BOLTS, STUDS & NUTS INSTALLED
AND TIGHTEN PROPERLY
CHOKE MANIFOLD LINED UP FOR A HARD SHUT-IN ALL RING GASKETS ARE NEW
REMARKS:
Revision Date: 10/20/02 Page 2 of 2

Form # 2.0
DESCRIPTION OF BLOWOUT PREVENTERS AND INTERNAL COMPONENTS
RIG: WELL NUMBER:
BLOWOUT PREVENTERS
ANNULAR PREVENTER
SIZE WORKING PRESSURE MODEL MAKE SERIAL # ELEMENT PART #
RAM PREVENTERS
SIZE WORKING PRESSURE TYPE MAKE SERIAL # SINGLE/DOUBLE
PIPE
BLIND
PIPE
PIPE
INTERNAL COMPONENTS
UNIT RAM RAM RAM TOP BONNET/DOOR CONN. ROD DATE
SIZE BLOCK # PACKER # SEAL # SEAL # SEAL # INSTALLED
ANNULAR
PIPE RAMS
BLIND RAMS
PIPE RAMS
PIPE RAMS
REMARKS:
Form # 1.0 Date: 10/20/02

CAMERON INFORMATION SHEET 01-001
SUBJECT: Cameron High Temperature Shearing Blind Ram (SBR)

Blade and Side Packers for 11” and 13-5/8” Cameron U Type Blowout
Preventers
PURPOSE: To provide information on qualification test results and new

part numbers assigned to qualified blade and side packers
Qualification Requirement: API 16A 2nd Edition, Appendix C plus

additional pressure hold time at elevated temperatures
Test Conditions:
BOP used – Cameron 13-5/8”-10,000 psi U mounted on a special test stump with internal
heating system
Test Fluid – Synthetic hydrocarbon motor oil (to simulate a mineral oil based drilling mud)
Test Temperatures - 250°F, 300°F, and 350°F
Test Pressure – 10,000 psi
Test Durations – API 16A 2nd Edition, Appendix C – One hour pressure hold all test temperatures
- Cameron Requirement – An additional 8 hour pressure hold - 250°F
- An additional 3 hour pressure hold - 300°F and 350°F
Results – Standard Cameron Blade and Side Packers qualify to API 16A, 2nd Edition,
Appendix C high temperature verification test requirements and successfully
complete Cameron required additional 8 hour pressure hold test at 250°F .
- High Temperature Cameron Blade and Side Packers qualify to API 16A,
2nd Edition, Appendix C high temperature verification test requirements and
successfully completed Cameron required additional 3 hour pressure hold test at
300°F and 350°F .
U BOP Shearing Blind Ram U BOP H2S Shearing Blind Ram
CIS 01-001 / 5-24-01 REV / HT SBRs 11 & 13 1

SUBJECT: Cameron High Temperature Shearing Blind Ram (SBR)

Blade and Side Packers for 11” and 13-5/8” Cameron U Type Blowout
Preventers
Applicable Part Numbers

BOP Size - Pressure Rating Description Up to 250°F & 5% H2S Up to 350°F & 35% H2S
11’-10,000 psi Blade Packer 046910-04-00-01 644834-04-00-01

Side Packer 046751-04-00-01 2164284-04
Side Packer 046752-04-00-01 2164285-04
Top Seal 644217-01-00-01 644703-01-00-01
13-5/8”-10,000 psi Blade Packer 644435-01-00-01 644834-01-00-01

Side Packer 046751-01-00-02 645427-01
Side Packer 046752-01-00-02 645428-01
Top Seal 644223-01-00-01 644707-01-00-01
For additional information contact Cameron Elastomer Technology (CET), Katy Texas
or your local Cameron representative.
29501 Katy Freeway, Katy, Texas 77494 Tel: 281-391-4615 Fax: 281-391-4640
CIS 01-001 / 5-24-01 REV / HT SBRs 11 & 13 2

Spare Parts List for 13-5/8” 10M
Type “U” Large Bore Shear Bonnet and Shear Rams
High Temperature and H2S Service
Item Part Number Description Qty
BONNET ASSEMBLY: LARGE BORE SHEAR, RIGHT HAND, for

13-5/8" 10M WP TYPE 'U' BOP WITH TANDEM BOOSTER,
1. 2011803-01 MANUAL LOCKING SCREW AND BONNET BOLTS, PER API 16A, 1 EA
T-20, OPERATION TEMP RATING 'BF' (0-350 DEG SERVICE),
NACE, EST. NET WT. = 3,850 LBS.
BONNET ASSEMBLY: LARGE BORE SHEAR, LEFT HAND, for 13-
5/8" 10M WP TYPE 'U' BOP WITH TANDEM BOOSTER, MANUAL
2. 2011803-02 LOCKING SCREW AND BONNET BOLTS, PER API 16A, T-20, 1 EA
OPERATION TEMP RATING 'BF' (0-350 DEG SERVICE), NACE,
EST. NET WT. = 3,850 LBS.
BONNET BOLT: for LARGE BORE SHEAR Bonnets, 13-5/8"
3. 041366-12 8 EA
10M WP TYPE 'U' BOP, MODEL II
BONNET REBUILD KIT: for LARGE BORE SHEAR RAM,
4. 2164210-09 13-5/8" 3M/5M/10M WP TYPE 'U' BOP (parts for ONE 2 EA
BONNET), 350 DEG SERVICE
BONNET SEAL: for 13-5/8" 3M/5M/10M 'U' BOP, PER API
5. 644573-03-00-01 2 EA
16A, TEMP CLASS "BF" (0-350 DEG SERVICE)
SEAL, LIP: CONNECTING ROD; for 13-5/8" 3M-15M,
20-3/4" 3M, 21-1/4" 2M and 26-3/4 3M TYPE 'U' BOP,
6. 645077-36-00-01 2 EA
5.505" OD X 4.008" ID X 0.938" LG, PER API 16A, TEMP
CLASS "BF" (0-350 DEG SERVICE)
RAM ASSEMBLY: H2S SHEARING BLIND; UPPER, for 13-5/8"
7. 644781-03 1 EA
3M/5M/10M WP TYPE 'U' BOP, CAMRAM 350 (TM)
RAM ASSEMBLY: H2S SHEARING BLIND; LOWER, for 13-5/8"

8. 644781-04 1 EA
3M/5M/10M WP TYPE 'U' BOP, CAMRAM 350 (TM)
INSERT BLADE: UPPER, H2S SBR, for 13-5/8" 10M WP TYPE
9. 644581-01-00-01 1 EA
'U' AND 'T' BOP, PER QP-10005-01
INSERT BLADE: LOWER, H2S SBR, for 13-5/8" 10M WP TYPE
10. 644581-02-00-01 1 EA
'U' AND 'T' BOP, PER QP-10005-01
BLADE PACKER: SBR, for 13-5/8" 3M-15M WP TYPE 'U'
11. 644834-01-00-01 1 EA
BOP, PER API 16A, TEMP CLASS "BF" (0-350 DEG SERVICE)
SIDE PACKER: SBR, for 13-5/8" 3M-10M WP TYPE 'U' BOP,
12. 645427-01 2 EA
CAMRAM 350 (TM)
SIDE PACKER: SBR, for 13-5/8" 3M-10M WP TYPE 'U' BOP,
13. 645428-01 2 EA
CAMRAM 350 (TM)
TOP SEAL: for 13-5/8" SBR, 3M/5M/10M WP TYPE 'U' BOP,
14. 644707-01-00-01 2 EA
CAMRAM 350 (TM) HIGH TEMP, API 16A, TEMP CLASS "BF"
MODIFIED SET SCREW: for 13-5/8" 10M TYPE ‘U’ UPPER
15. 644582-01 2 EA
SHEARING BLIND RAM, .750-10 UN-2
16. 200231 PIN: SPIROL - .250 X 1.000 SST 18-8 2 EA
REPAIR KIT: TANDEM SHEAR BOOSTER, COMPOSITE STYLE OR
17. 2164148-02 ORIGINAL STYLE, 11" 15M AND 13-5/8" 3M-10M TYPE 'U' 1 EA
BOP (QUANITY for 1 UNIT)
09/15/02
Spare Parts List for 11” 10M
Type “U” Large Bore Shear Bonnet and Shear Rams
BONNET ASSEMBLY: LARGE BORE SHEAR, RIGHT HAND, for
11" 10M WP TYPE 'U' BOP WITH TANDEM BOOSTER, MANUAL
1. 2164067-02 LOCKING SCREW AND BONNET BOLTS, API 16A, T-20, 1 EA
OPERATION TEMP RATING 'BF' (0-350 DEGREE SERVICE),
NACE, EST. NET WT. 2,620 LBS.
BONNET ASSEMBLY: LARGE BORE SHEAR, LEFT HAND, for
11" 10M WP TYPE 'U' BOP, WITH TANDEM BOOSTER, MANUAL
2. 2164067-01 LOCKING SCREW AND BONNET BOLTS, API 16A, T-20, 1 EA
OPERATION TEMP RATING 'BF' (0-350 DEGREE SERVICE),
NACE, EST. NET WT. 2,620 LBS.
BONNET BOLT: for LARGE BORE SHEAR RAM, 11" 10M WP
3. 041366-05 8 EA
TYPE 'U' BOP, MODEL II
BONNET REBUILD KIT: for LARGE BORE SHEAR RAM, 11"
4. 2164210-12 3M/5M/10M WP TYPE 'U' BOP (PARTS for ONE BONNET), 2 EA
350 DEGREE SERVICE
BONNET SEAL: 11" 3M/5M/10M WP TYPE 'U' BOP, API 16A,
5. 644573-02-00-01 2 EA
TEMP CLASS "BF" (0-350 DEGREE SERVICE)
SEAL, LIP: CONNECTING ROD; fOR 11" 5M/10M WP TYPE
6. 645077-38-00-01 'U' BOP, - 4.867" OD x 3.383" ID x 0.688" LG, API 2 EA
16A, TEMP CLASS "BF" (0-350 DEGREE SERVICE)
RAM ASSEMBLY: H2S SHEARING BLIND; UPPER, for 11"
7. 645011-01-00-01 5M/10M WP, TYPE 'U' BOP, API 16A, TEMP CLASS 'BF' 1 EA
(0-350 DEGREE SERVICE)
RAM ASSEMBLY: H2S SHEARING BLIND; LOWER, for 11"
8. 645011-02-00-01 5M/10M WP, TYPE 'U' BOP, API 16A, TEMP CLASS 'BF' 1 EA
(0-350 DEGREE SERVICE)
INSERT BLADE: UPPER, H2S SBR, for 11" 5M/10M WP
9. 645010-01-00-01 1 EA
TYPE 'U' BOP, API 16A
INSERT BLADE: LOWER, H2S SBR, for 11" 5M/10M WP
10. 645010-02-00-01 1 EA
TYPE 'U' BOP, API 16A
BLADE PACKER: SBR, for 11" 3M-15M WP TYPE 'U' BOP,
11. 644834-04-00-01 1 EA
API 16A, TEMP CLASS "BF" (0-350 DEGREE SERVICE)
SIDE PACKER: FOLDOVER SHEAR RAM, for 11" 3M-10M WP
12. 2164284-04 TYPE 'U' BOP, API 16A, TEMP CLASS "BF" (0-350 DEGREE 2 EA
SERVICE)
SIDE PACKER: FOLDOVER SHEAR RAM, for 11" 3M-10M WP
13. 2164285-04 TYPE 'U' BOP, API 16A, TEMP CLASS "BF" (0-350 DEGREE 2 EA
SERVICE)
TOP SEAL: for 11" SBR, 3M/5M/10M WP TYPE 'U' BOP,
14. 644703-01-00-01 2 EA
CAMRAM 350 (TM) HIGH TEMP, API 16A, TEMP CLASS "BF"
MODIFIED SET SCREW: for 11" 10M TYPE ‘U’ UPPER

15. 644582-01 2 EA
SHEARING BLIND RAM, .750-10 UN-2
16. 200231 PIN: SPIROL - .250 X 1.000 SST 18-8 2 EA
REPAIR KIT: TANDEM SHEAR BOOSTER, COMPOSITE STYLE OR
17. 2164148-03 ORIGINAL STYLE WITH ST/STL END CAP, for 11" 3/5/10M 1 EA
TYPE 'U' BOP (QUANTITY FOR ONE UNIT)
09/15/02
Shaffer
A Varco Company
Spare Parts List for 13-5/8” 10M

Model ‘SL’ Large Bore ‘V’ Shear Rams
BOOSTER KIT: 10” BOOSTER ASSEMBLY CONVERSION KIT FOR

1. 124992 13-5/8” 10M WP TYPE ‘SL’ RAM BOP, NACE (COMPLETE WITH 2 EA
22 COMPONENTS).
RAM SHAFT: POSLOCK FOR 13-5/8" 10M WP TYPE 'SL' BOP,

2. 114651 2 EA
NACE.
RAM SHAFT SUB-ASSEMBLY (RSSA): FOR 13-5/8" 10M WP

3. 132492 2 EA
TYPE 'SL' BOP, NACE.
4. 030102 CYLINDER O-RING: 2 EA
5. 030791 CYLINDER O-RING: 2 EA
6. 030105 CYLINDER BACK-UP RING: 2 EA
7. 030061 MANIFOLD O-RING: 8 EA
8. 030065 HINGE BRACKET O-RING: 4 EA
POSLOCK PISTON ASSEMBLY: FOR 13-5/8" 10M WP TYPE 'SL'

9. 134481 2 EA
BOP, NACE.
RAM V-SHEAR: COMPLETE WITH 13-5/8” 10M WP ULTRATEMP ™

10. 1 EA
ELASTOMERS (350 DEGREES F AND 20% H2S)
RAM RUBBER ASSEMBLY: UPPER, V-SHEAR, ULTRATEMP ™

11. 1 EA
(350 DEGREES F AND 20% H2S)
RAM RUBBER ASSEMBLY: LOWER, V-SHEAR, ULTRATEMP ™

12. 1EA
(350 DEGREES F AND 20% H2S)
10/01/02
SUBJECT: Cameron Extended Range High Temperature VBR-II Packers

for Cameron 13-5/8” U Type Blowout Preventers
PURPOSE: To provide information on qualification test results and new

part numbers assigned to 250°F - 5000 psi Extended Range HT VBR-II
packers for the 13-5/8" Cameron U BOP.
Qualification Requirement: API 16A 2nd Edition, Appendix C plus

additional pressure hold time at elevated temperature.
Test Conditions:
BOP used – Cameron 13-5/8”-10,000 psi U BOP mounted on a special test stump with internal
heating system.
Test Fluid – Synthetic hydrocarbon oil (to simulate a mineral oil based drilling mud).
Test Temperatures - 250°F
Test Pressure – 5,000 psi
Test Durations – API 16A 2nd Edition, Appendix C – One hour pressure hold at 250°F
- Cameron-Saudi Aramco Requirement – An additional 7-hour pressure hold at 250°F
Results – Extended Range HT VBR-II Packers P/N 2164765-01 successfully completed:

1-API 16A, 2nd Edition, Appendix C high temperature verification test requirements
for one hour on both 5-7/8" and 3-1/2" pipe mandrels at 250°F and 5000 psi.
2-Cameron-Saudi Aramco requirement - an additional 7 hour pressure hold test on
both 5-7/8" and 3-1/2" pipe mandrels at 250°F and 5000 psi.
Total time at 250°F and 5000 psi, 16 hours.
3-API 16A fatigue test (546 closures and 78 pressure tests) at ambient temperature.
Ram Subassembly P/N 2164806-01

Top Seal P/N 2164807-01
Ram P/N 2164404-01 Extended Range HT VBR-II Packer P/N 2164765-01
250°F - 5000 psi Extended Range HT VBR-II Packer & Top Seal
CIS 02-001 / 6-11-02 / Ext Range HT VBR-II 1

SUBJECT: Cameron Extended Range High Temperature VBR-II Packers

for Cameron 13-5/8” U Type Blowout Preventers
Applicable Part Numbers

BOP Size Pressure Rating Description Part Number
13-5/8” 5,000 psi Ram subassembly 2164806-01

Ram 2164404-01
Ext. Range HT VBR-II Packer 2164765-01
HT/SS VBR Top Seal 2164807-01
Note: The Extended Range HT VBR-II packers and HT/SS top seals are molded using CAMLAST(tm)
elastomer, which provides H2S resistance up to 35%.
For additional information contact Cameron Elastomer Technology (CET), Katy Texas
or your local Cameron representative.
29501 Katy Freeway, Katy, Texas 77494 Tel: 281-391-4615 Fax: 281-391-4640
CIS 02-001 / 6-11-02 / Ext Range HT VBR-II 2

Engineering Standard
SAES-B-062 30 September, 2001
Onshore Wellsite Safety
Loss Prevention Standards Committee Members
Abdullah A. Al-Ghamdi, Chief Fire Prevention Engr., Chairman
Al-Sayed, S. M., FPE, Jeddah Area
Al-Sultan, S. A., LFPE, Dhahran Area
Bard T. E., LFPE, Riyadh Area
E.A. Ashoor, LFPE, RT Area
Fadley, G. L., Editor
Nolan, D. P., LFPE, Abqaiq Area
Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards

Table of Contents
1 Scope............................................................. 2
2 Conflicts and Deviations................................ 2
3 References..................................................... 2
4 Definitions...................................................... 3
5 Determination of Rupture
Exposure Radius (REF)......................... 7
6 Wellsite Location............................................ 8
7 Population Analysis Procedure.................... 11
8 Well Safety Valves and Wellsite Hardware.. 12
9 Abandoned Wells......................................... 15
10 Drilling Rig Access Routes........................... 15
Appendix 1 – Procedure for Determining
Previous Issue: 30 May, 2001 Next Planned Update: 1 June, 2006

Revised paragraphs are indicated in the right margin Page 1 of 32
Primary contact: Abdullah A. Al-Ghamdi on phone 875-2724
Document Responsibility: Loss Prevention SAES-B-062
Issue Date: 30 September, 2001
Next Planned Update: 1 June, 2006 Onshore Wellsite Safety
RER of Oil and Gas Wells............ 16
1 Scope
1.1 This Standard covers the minimum mandatory requirements for site layout,
wellhead protection, access, and flow isolation for all wells including oil and gas
production wells, hydrocarbon injection wells, observation wells, abandoned
wells, suspended wells, and wellsite facilities located onshore. Water injection,
disposal, and supply wells, which are open to or pass through a geological zone
and could produce hydrocarbons, are also covered by this Standard.
1.2 This standard shall apply in the following circumstances:
1.2.1 All new wellsites.
1.2.2 All new wells drilled at existing wellsites.
1.2.3 Existing wells located in areas that have become populated per this
Standard shall be upgraded only when a workover is required for other
remedial work.
2 Conflicts and Deviations
2.1 Any conflicts between this Standard and other applicable Saudi Aramco
Engineering Standards (SAESs), Saudi Aramco Materials System Specifications
(SAMSSs), Saudi Aramco Standard Drawings (SASDs), or industry standards,
codes, and forms shall be resolved in writing by the Company or Buyer
Representative through the Manager, Loss Prevention Department of Saudi
Aramco, Dhahran.
2.2 Direct all requests to deviate from the Standard in writing to the Company or
Buyer Representative, who shall follow internal company procedure SAEP-302
and forward such requests to the Manager, Loss Prevention Department of Saudi
Aramco, Dhahran.
3 References
All referenced specifications, standards, codes, forms, drawings, and similar material
shall be of the latest issue (including all revisions, addenda, and supplements) unless
stated otherwise.
3.1 Saudi Aramco References
Page 2 of 32
Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedure

SAEP-302 Instructions for Obtaining a Waiver of a
Mandatory Saudi Aramco Engineering
Requirement
Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards

SAES-B-064 Onshore and Nearshore Pipeline Safety
SAES-J-505 Combustible Gas and Hydrogen Sulfide in Air
Detection Systems
SAES-L-022 Design of Wellhead Piping, Flowlines, Trunklines
and Testlines
SAES-M-006 Fencing
Saudi Aramco Materials System Specification

45-SAMSS-005 Wellhead Equipment
Saudi Aramco Standard Drawings

AA-036247 Windsock Pole
AA-036454 Remote Controls for Onshore Wells
AB-036685 Wellhead Guard Barrier
3.2 Industry Codes and Standards
American Petroleum Institute

API RP 14B Design, Installation, Repair and Operation of
Subsurface Safety Valve Systems
4 Definitions
Absolute Open Flow (AOF): In general terms, the rate of flow that would be produced
by a well if the only back-pressure at the surface is atmospheric pressure.
Choke: An adjustable pressure control valve that is used to control backpressure on the
well. Controlling the backpressure adjusts the production rate of the well.
Drilling Island: A well site for drilling one or more wells, normally used in populated
areas to minimize land usage. A drilling island is an exclusive land use area.
Drilling Pad: A compacted area of marl located at the well site. The drilling pad is
required to be level for use by drilling and workover rigs.
Page 3 of 32
Gas-Oil Ratio (GOR): The ratio of volume of gas produced from a well in a barrel of
crude oil at standard conditions (14.7 psia, 15°C).
High Pressure Well: Wells where the shut-in wellhead pressure is expected to exceed
20,700 kPa (3000 psig).
Low Pressure Well: Wells where the shut-in wellhead pressure is not expected to
exceed 20,700 kPa (3000 psig).
LFL: Lower flammable limit of a fuel vapor in air mixture. If a vapor/air mixture is
above the LFL, a fire is likely in the presence of an ignition source.
Major Facility: The outer-most security fence, property line, or other demarcation of
land-use claim of refineries, large gas treatment, NGL plants, larger oil processing
facilities, and the property line of any third party manufacturing facilities (Refer to
Table 1 below for examples).
Table 1 - Examples of Major Facilities

Refineries Gas Treating NGL Oil Process Terminals Non-Aramco
Jeddah Berri Juaymah Abqaiq Plants Juaymah SCEC Power
Complex Generation
(formerly
SCECO)
Rabigh Uthmaniyah Yanbu Safaniya Jeddah SWCC
Onshore Treatment
GOSP
Complex
Ras Tanura Shedgum Tanajib Plants Ras Tanura Commercial
Complex (North & International
South) Airports
Riyadh Hawiyah Shaybah Yanbu Jubail or Yanbu
Central Industrial
Process Complexes
Facilities
Haradh
Non-Associated Gas Fields: Areas that are developed for the primary purpose of
producing natural gas. The produced gas is not a by-product of crude oil production.
Population: A grouping of people normally indicated by the existence of buildings.

Separation spacing from a well shall be measured from the nearest fence or other land
mark. For industrial, military, and other larger non-residential land claims, determine
the spacing based on the nearest anticipated development within the confines of the
fence during the anticipated period of drilling.
Page 4 of 32
Populated Area: A well is in a populated area if the population density based on

counting occupied buildings exceeds 20 occupied buildings inside the 30 ppm rupture
exposure radius (RER). In addition, for the purposes of this Standard, a well is in a
populated area if a school, hospital, hotel, penal institution, or retail complex, whether
existing or planned, is inside the 30 ppm RER of that well.
Rupture Exposure Radius (RER):
1) For toxic effects, the rupture exposure radius refers to the horizontal distance from
a leak source to a specified level of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) concentration in parts
per million (ppm).
2) For a flammable gas hazard, the rupture exposure radius refers to the horizontal
distance from a leak source to the ½ Lower Flammable Limit (LFL).
Surface Safety Valve (SSV): An automated spring-assisted fail-safe valve installed on

a wellhead to automatically shut in flow during an abnormal condition such as high or
low pressure of the flowline. This can be the upper master valve, a wing valve
(upstream of choke), or a production valve (downstream of the choke).
Suspension Procedure: Wireline or workover rig procedures for securing a standing

well from production on a long-term basis.
Subsurface Safety Valve (SSSV): An automated valve installed below ground level in
the tubing string of an oil or gas well. The SSSV is used to shut in flow during an
abnormal condition. SSSVs, when required, shall be installed 60 m or more below
ground level per API RP 14B.
Wellhead: The valve manifold directly at the top of the well bore. The wellhead
consists of several specialized valves including the following:
a) Crown Valve: Topmost valve of the wellhead. This valve is used for wireline
and coil tubing access to the well.
b) Lower Master Valve: The first valve on a wellhead. This is not a surface safety
valve (SSV).
c) Upper Master Valve: A second isolation gate valve just above the Lower Master
Valve on a wellhead. If this is automated, it is considered a surface safety valve
(SSV).
d) Wing Valve: The valve on the side branch of the wellhead, normally located
immediately upstream of the choke.
Page 5 of 32
7-1/16" 3M PSI Onshore Production Tree
SAUDI ARAMCO
3M PSI WP WOG
6M PSI TP
Figure 1 - Example of Wellhead (from 45-SAMSS-005, Figure 6)
Page 6 of 32
Wellsite: A wellsite consists of wellhead(s), associated drilling pad, a well flare/burn

pit area or areas, and flare/burn pit buffer zone(s). The entire wellsite constitutes an
exclusive land use area. No other uses are permitted in this area, except as allowed by
this Standard. Size of the wellsite and distances between wellheads shall be specified
by Drilling and Workover Engineering, Drilling Operations, E&P Facilities &
Technology, and the Proponent Operating Department, on a case-by-case basis.
Well Status: Wells that are not flowing oil or gas may be described by the following
terms:
a) Abandoned Well: A well that is permanently plugged with cement. This well
cannot be produced again.
b) Observation Well: A well drilled to monitor reservoir conditions such as bottom-

hole pressure in the reservoir.
c) Suspended Well: A well that has been shut-in on a long term basis with all
productive zones isolated and production shut-off on a long-term basis.
d) Standing Well: A well that is shut-in awaiting action, such as flowline tie-in or
well perforation, before it can be returned to production.
5 Determination of Rupture Exposure Radius (RER)
5.1 Three concentric circles representing the three rupture exposure radii - 30 ppm,
100 ppm hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and ½ lower flammable limit (LFL) shall be
plotted from the well's proposed surface location as shown in Figure 2 below.
Refer to Appendix 1 for procedures to determine the RERs.
5.2 For fields, reservoirs, or service not listed in Appendix 1, the rupture exposure
radius shall be obtained from the Saudi Aramco Loss Prevention Department's
Technical Services Unit. In order to calculate the RER, the following
information should be provided with the request: Well composition of produced
fluid (mole %), temperature (Flowing Wellhead Temperature, FWHT), and AOF
for gas wells or maximum flow rate and GOR for oil wells.
Page 7 of 32
Figure 2 – RERs
A well with population inside the 30 ppm H2S RER as shown above is considered to be in
a populated area if the population index is above 20 or if a school, hospital, major facility,
etc, are inside the RER (see 6.3).
6 Wellsite Location
6.1 Wells that are drilled through a hydrocarbon bearing formation shall be located
so that no occupied building or major facility is within the well's 100 ppm H2S
or ½ LFL RER. Minimum spacing shall not be less than that stated in Table 2.
Exceptions:
Farms and other developments used primarily for agriculture.
GOSPs, manifolds, pipelines, Khuff and Jouf gas distribution

facilities, and their associated utilities are allowed to be within the
100 ppm H2S circle but not within the ½ LFL RER nor closer than
the minimum spacing stated in Table 2.
Page 8 of 32
Table 2 - Spacing from Oil and Gas Wells (4)

Minimum Spacing
Facility from the Wellhead
Pipelines (1, 2) 60 m
Overhead powerlines for site-related CP, etc.
(<69 kV); site related rectifiers 100 m
Main overhead powerlines 200 m
(2)
Saudi Aramco or Government roadways 100 m
(2)
Divided Limited-Access Expressways 150 m
Railroads (3) 150 m
Major electrical distribution centers 450 m
Occupied buildings, major facilities 450 m
Non-well related flares and flare burn pits 450 m
Hospitals and schools 1000 m
1) The existing elevated marl pad around wellhead(s) on a wellsite shall not be
crossed by a pipeline. Rig access shall not be obstructed by installation of a
pipeline. In addition, the minimum spacing does not apply to flowlines that are
associated with a multi-well wellsite.
2) New wells may require additional spacing from existing flowlines for wellsite
construction and drilling operations. Spacing shall be increased as needed at
the request of the Drilling Services or Drilling Operations Departments.
3) Spacing from the well to the closest edge of right-of-way, such as a fence.
4) Minimum spacing applies to wells drilled after March 30, 2001.
6.2 Water gravity injector, power injector and supply wells that penetrate
hydrocarbon formations shall be spaced the same as hydrocarbon producing
wells. Injector and supply wells that do not penetrate hydrocarbon bearing
formations shall have a basic 60 m minimum spacing requirement from plant
equipment, buildings, etc. Gas injection wells shall use the same location
criteria as producing gas wells.
6.3 A well is in a populated area if the population density index within the 30 ppm
H2S rupture exposure radius exceeds 20, or if a school, hospital, hotel, penal
institution, retail shopping mall, or major facility, existing or planned, is
included within the 30 ppm H2S rupture exposure radius of that well (see Figure
2).
Commentary Notes:
For purposes of this Standard, roads are not deemed to generate

populated areas.
Where wells are located near areas of potential concern, such as

roads, parking areas, or camp sites, the Proponent
Page 9 of 32
Operating/Engineering Department shall determine whether

additional precautionary measures, such as subsurface safety
valves, fencing, etc., are required.
6.4 Wells to be drilled or wells subject to workover in a populated area shall

implement the following additional precautionary measures in addition to the
normal drilling safety program during drilling of hydrocarbon zones. Other
drilling precautionary measures may be added at the request of the Manager,
Loss Prevention or the General Manager of Drilling and Workover.
Precautionary measures during drilling in a populated area:
1. Rig-site H2S monitoring systems with 24-hour safety man coverage.
2. Placement of remote H2S monitors in the vicinity of populations and

nearby facilities to monitor H2S levels at those locations in an emergency.
3. An additional one-hole volume of kill-weight mud available at the drillsite

for immediate use.
4. Capability of cutting the drill pipe with shear rams.
5. On-site coverage 24 hours a day by on-site foremen (minimum 2-man

coverage on 12-hour shifts) with authority for immediate ignition of the
well without prior approval in the event of loss of well control.
6. Capability of burning gas in a controlled release using parallel production

separators and an elevated flare with continuous flare pilot (Only for wells
to protect population within the 30 ppm H2S RER; the use of this
equipment is not required for drilling near GOSPs, process plants or major
facilities).
7. An enhanced rig-site emergency contingency action plan.
8. Other applicable safeguards as needed.
Commentary Note:
The requirements of 6.4 are not intended for non-rig flaring.
6.5 Under no circumstances shall population be exposed to over 30 ppm H2S gas
concentration for more than 1 hour.
6.6 Well flare burn pits shall be subject to the same spacing from population and
major facilities as well spacing. The exceptions to 6.1 shall also apply to flare
burn pits. Minimum spacing shall meet Table 3.
Page 10 of 32
6.6.1 Oil wells and low-pressure gas wells shall have at least one flare while
being drilled.
6.6.2 High-pressure gas well shall have two flares while being drilled.
6.6.3 Flare burn pits shall be at predominantly downwind and crosswind

locations, at least 60 meters from the well (300 m for high-pressure gas
wells) ranging from 60 to 270 arc degrees from true North. Flare burn
pits shall be placed to point away from populations and facilities as much
as possible.
6.6.4 If there are two flares, they should be a minimum of 90 degrees and a
maximum of 180 degrees from each other and pointing away from
populations and facilities as much as possible.
Table 3 - Spacing from Well Flare Burn Pits (3)

Minimum Spacing
Facility from Oil & Gas Flare Burn Pits
60 m (Oil & LP Gas)
Well (1) 300 m (HP Gas Well)
60 m (Oil & LP Gas)
Existing Wellheads 150 m (HP Gas Well)
Pipelines (Above Ground) 60 m
Pipelines (Buried) (2) 15 m
Main Overhead Powerlines 200 m
Overhead Powerlines for Site-Related CP, etc.,
(<69 kV); Site Related Rectifiers 100 m
Powerlines (Buried) (2) 15 m
100 m (Oil Wells and LP Gas)
Saudi Aramco or Government Roadways (3) 200 m (HP Gas Wells)
Divided Limited-Access Expressways (3) 450 m (Oil and Gas Wells)
Railroads (3) 200 m
Population 450 m
Non-well Related Flares and Flare Burn Pits 450 m
Hospitals and Schools 1000 m
1) Spacing of the flare burn pit from the well being drilled shall be a minimum distance of 60 m
from the well for an oil well and 300 m minimum for a high-pressure gas well. Wells are to
be spaced a minimum of 60 m from the closest edge of a flare burn pit for an oil well or LP
gas well and 150 m from a flare for a HP gas well. A minimum of 60 m buffer zone shall be
maintained around the outside of each burn pit (not on the wellsite side). The edges of the
burn pits shall have a 2 m high berm (minimum elevation above flare outlet center).
2) Buried CP powerlines, flowlines, and trunklines related to a wellsite shall have no other
spacing restrictions provided the powerlines do not interfere with rig access or future
production flare operations.
3) Spacing from the closest edge of the flare burn pit to the edge of the right-of-way.
Page 11 of 32
6.7 For existing wells in populated areas, the special precautions in 6.4 shall be used
for workovers. Precautions appropriate for stimulation and wireline work on
existing wells shall be as requested by the Proponent Operating Department,
Drilling and Workover Services, and Loss Prevention as needed.
7 Population Analysis Procedure
7.1 The boundaries of Saudi Aramco and non-Saudi Aramco development areas,
present and planned, within the rupture exposure radius of a well location shall
be obtained from the Land and Lease Division of Government Affairs Services
Department.
7.2 The population density index at a well location is defined as the sum of the
existing density index and the virtual density index values for the site.
7.3 Buildings having more than 4 stories shall be included in the population density
index as a number of equivalent buildings. The number of equivalent buildings
shall be calculated by dividing the number of stories in the building by 3 and
rounding up to a whole number.
7.4 To determine the existing density index for a well location, count the number of
buildings lying within the rupture exposure radius of the well. The resulting
whole number is the existing density index value.
7.5 For areas within the rupture exposure radius of a well which are planned for
development, the virtual density index shall be calculated as follows:
7.5.1 Calculate the land area in square meters (m²) of each development which
is included within the rupture exposure radius of the well.
7.5.2 Multiply the included area by 0.00075 and round up. The resulting
whole number is the virtual density index for this well location.
7.6 Not to be included in these calculations are temporary buildings that will be in
place for less than 6 consecutive months or that will be gone by the time the well
is spudded.
8 Well Safety Valves and Wellsite Hardware
8.1 Hydrocarbon Producing and/or Hydrocarbon Injection Wells - General

Requirements
8.1.1 All well installations shall be in accordance with the specifications

prepared by Saudi Aramco Drilling and Workover Engineering. Refer to
Page 12 of 32
45-SAMSS-005 for the minimum requirements for Saudi Aramco oil and
gas production trees, wellheads, valves and miscellaneous equipment
relating to the wellhead. Naturally flowing hydrocarbon wells shall be
completed in a manner that permits flow only through a tubing string
equipped with a downhole packer or polished bore receptacle.
8.1.2 Requirements for wellhead piping, flowlines, trunklines, and testlines are
covered in SAES-L-022.
8.1.3 All wells shall have a manual lower master valve.
8.1.4 At the discretion of the Proponent Operating Department, oil wells may
be equipped with manual remote operators attached to the master valve
and/or wing valve. If manual remote operators are installed on oil wells,
they shall be in accordance with Standard Drawing AA-036454.
8.1.5 Any lockout device used to temporarily hold a surface safety valve
(SSV) in the open position by restricting movement of the valve stem
shall be constructed of fusible materials with a melting point 30°C above
the higher of the flowing wellhead or maximum design ambient
temperature.
8.2 Safety Valves for HP Gas Producing Wells
8.2.1 All high-pressure gas production wells shall have at least two spring-
assisted failsafe surface safety valves (SSVs).
8.2.2 The two SSVs shall be triggered when an abnormally high or low
pressure is sensed in the piping to the well. Fusible devices, with a set
point 30°C above the higher of the flowing wellhead or maximum design
ambient temperature, shall be installed on the wellhead to close the
safety valves.
8.2.3 At the discretion of the Proponent Operating Department, addition of

other automated valves, such as subsurface safety valves, shall be
installed as requested.
8.3 Safety Valves on Oil Wells and Low Pressure Gas Wells
8.3.1 Where an oil well or low pressure gas well is in a populated area or
where the associated flowline has Location Class 3 or 4 populations (as
specified in Tables 1 and 2 of SAES-B-064), the wellhead shall be
provided with an SSV and SSSV.
Page 13 of 32
8.3.2 For all existing oil wells and low pressure gas wells in populated areas or
where areas become populated due to growth of communities, those
wells shall remain active, but shall require installation of a SSV and
SSSV. The upgrade shall be done only when other needs justify the use
of a rig on the well.
8.3.3 The upper wellhead master valve shall be a spring-assisted fail-safe

surface safety valve (SSV), triggered when an abnormally high or low
pressure is sensed.
8.3.4 A subsurface safety valve (SSSV), per API RP 14B specification, shall
be installed more than 60 m below ground level in oil wells. The SSSV
shall be triggered when an abnormally high or low pressure is sensed.
8.3.5 A fusible device with a melting point 30°C above the higher of the
flowing wellhead temperature or maximum design ambient temperature,
shall be installed on the wellhead to trigger the SSV and SSSV systems.
Commentary Note:
Values for pipeline associated RERs are found in SAES-B-

064, Tables 1 and 2. Location Class 3 is where the
pipeline RER includes areas with a population index
greater than 30. Location Class 4 is where the pipeline
RER includes 4-story or greater buildings, schools,
hospitals, hotels, prisons, shopping malls or similar retail
complexes.
Table 4 – Well Safety Valves

Additional Drilling
Precautions Automated SSV Automated SSSV
Oil/LP Gas Well – (a) (a)
Unpopulated Area (a) No No No
Oil/LP Gas Well –
Yes Yes Yes
Populated Area
(b)
HP Gas Well No Yes, 2 SSVs
PWI Well –
No No No
Unpopulated Area
PWI Well –
Yes No No
Populated Area
Note a Even if the well is in an unpopulated area, if the flowline passes through a populated
area per 8.3, an SSV and SSSV shall be required.
Note b HP gas production wells shall have at least two spring-assisted failsafe SSVs.
Addition of other automated valves, such as subsurface safety valves, shall be
installed where required by the Proponent Operating Department per Section 8.2.
Page 14 of 32
8.4 Hydrocarbon Injection Wells
Hydrocarbon injection well flowlines shall each be provided with a check valve
in the wellhead piping.
8.5 Observation Wells
Wells shall be equipped with the relevant safety devices equivalent in function
to those that would be required for a producing well unless suspended with a
subsurface plug or other acceptable method.
8.6 Suspended Wells
Wells shall be suspended in accordance with Producing Engineering

requirements. Suspension procedures for wells shall be documented by
Producing Operations and shall be available for review.
8.7 Vehicular Crash Protection and Fencing
8.7.1 All wellheads shall be protected with a guard barrier per Saudi Aramco
Standard Drawing AB-036685.
8.7.2 Wellsites in populated areas shall be enclosed by a fence meeting the

specifications of SAES-M-006 (Type III). The fence shall have four
lockable vehicle gates, one in each quadrant locked at all times. Keys
shall be kept with the Proponent Operating Department. Two gates shall
be a minimum of 18 m wide rig-access gates. The locations of these rig-
access gates shall permit access to all wells on the wellsite from either
gate.
8.8 A wind sock pole per Saudi Aramco Standard Drawing AA-036247 and a wind
sock per SAMS Catalog Number 21-590-600 are to be permanently installed at
each hydrocarbon production or injection wellsite in populated areas.
9 Abandoned Wells
The following requirements apply to a wellsite only if all its wells have been
permanently plugged and if it is located in a populated area:
9.1 The perimeter of the drilling pad shall be provided with a fence (SAES-M-006,
Type III) if there is no fence at the perimeter of the buffer zone.
9.2 The fence shall have one lockable vehicle gate 10 m wide.
9.3 One access route 10 m wide shall be maintained to the wellsite gate.
Page 15 of 32
10 Drilling Rig Access Routes
Two access routes shall be available to each wellsite. These shall meet the following
requirements:
10.1 Each access route shall be 18 m wide, terminating at a rig access gate.
10.2 Vertical clearance over the access routes shall be 14 m minimum.
10.3 An access route shall not include grades or transverse slopes of more than 5%.
10.4 No obstruction is allowed on an access route.
10.5 The minimum radius of curvature of access routes shall be 70 m. The center
point of all access route curves shall be outside the wellsite served.
10.6 One of the access routes required by paragraph 10.1 above shall have within it a
prepared roadway consisting of a compacted marl running surface 0.3 m thick
and 9.0 m wide with 2.5 m wide shoulders, giving a total clear road width of 14
m.
Revision Summary
30 May, 2001 Major revision.
30 September, 2001 Editorial revision to delete "Populated Area" from the heading of Section 6.
Page 16 of 32
APPENDIX 1 – Procedure for Determining RER of Oil and Gas Wells
Introduction
To allow for more cost-effective well spacing, while at the same time maintaining a safe
distance between wells and exposed populations, SAES-B-062 provides variable
rupture exposure radii (RER) that are based on field and well conditions (i.e., the well
fluid composition and maximum potential release rate).
This appendix is based on a comprehensive analysis of RERs for Saudi Aramco oil and
gas wells. Exploration and Producing Facilities and Technology Department (E&P
FTD) (PRED/1-099-99) provided the data used for the RER calculations. Tables A7
and A8, at the end of this Appendix, summarize the data provide by E&P FTD. The
RER calculations were made in accordance with LPD Guidelines for Determining the
Consequences of Well Blowouts. Note that the information in Tables A7 and A8 are
based on the latest LPD gas dispersion model PHAST (Version 6.0). The RERs may
change in future updates of SAES-B-062 as a result of changes in well data or
refinements in the models. If the information for the well or production zone needed is
not in Appendix 1, contact the Supervisor, Technical Services Unit, Loss Prevention
Department.
The following sections illustrate the use of the correlations for predicting RERs for oil
and gas wells. The correlations are of the form RER = aQb, where a and b are field-
specific constants and Q is based on the release rate of gas from the well. Correlations
are provided for the following oil and gas fields:
Non-Associated Gas Fields

North Ghawar Areas-Ain Dar and Shedgum South Ghawar Area-Haradh
Central Ghawar Areas-Uthmaniyah Qatif
South Ghawar Area-Hawiyah Berri
Oil Fields
Abqaiq (Abqaiq Cap Gas) Haradh
Abu Hadriyah Harmaliyah
Abu Jiffan Hawiyah
Ain Dar Khurais
Berri Onshore Khursaniyah
Dammam Mazalij
Fadhili Qatif
Fazran Shedgum
Page 17 of 32
Uthmaniyah
The following sections explain and demonstrate the process of RER calculations.
Worksheets for calculating RERs are provided at the end of this Appendix.
Procedure for Determining RER of Gas Wells
Sour gas wells are considered in this Standard to have three Rupture Exposure Radii
(RER): a 100 ppm H2S RER (RER100 ppm), a 30 ppm H2S RER (RER30 ppm) and a ½ LFL
RER (RER½ LFL). Sweet gas wells would only have a RER½ LFL. These radii are used in
SAES-B-062 to determine spacing requirements. Follow these steps when determining
the RER for a gas well.
1. Identify the gas field and reservoir for the well of interest (Contact Gen Supv'r.,
Oil or Gas Facilities & Projects Division, E&P FTD) and obtain the Absolute
Open Flow (AOF) and mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the gas stream.
Note that the correlations included in this appendix are based upon the expected
upper and lower range of AOFs and H2S content in the gas stream.
2. Determine release rate of H2S (QH2S) from the following:

QH2S = (QAOF)(xH2S)
Where xH2S = mole fraction of H2S in gas stream
QAOF = Absolute Open Flowrate of gas from the well, MMscfd
QH2S = maximum release rate of H2S, MMscfd
3. Use the constants in Table A6 to calculate RER100 ppm, RER30 ppm and RER½ LFL
from the following
RER100 ppm = e(QH2Sf);
RER30ppm = g(QH2Sh);
RER½ LFL = l(QAOF)m
The AOF or H2S concentration of a gas mixture must fall within the limits presented in
Table A6. If an AOF or the H2S concentration is outside the limits, then LPD/TSU will
calculate RER values specifically for the well of interest (users need to supply
LPD/TSU with well name, AOF, gas composition (mole%), and flowing wellhead
temperature).
Example of RER for Gas Well
Page 18 of 32
As an example, consider a high-pressure gas well in the South Ghawar Area, Hawiyah.
Information available indicates that the anticipated Absolute Open Flow of the well is
100 MMscfd and the H2S concentration is expected to be 3 mole%.
The following steps are necessary to determine the RER:
1. Data Requirements
The AOF and the H2S concentration are within the ranges specified in Table A6.
Table A6 indicates that the appropriate constants for this field are as follows:
Table A1 - RER Constants for South Ghawar Area,

Hawiyah Field (from Table A6)
RER100 ppm RER30 ppm RER½ LFL
e f g h l m
245 0.79 700 0.77 11.7 0.54
2. Calculate maximum H2S release rate

The maximum H2S release rate is given by the following:
QH2S = (QAOF)(xH2S)
= (100 MMscfd)( 3 / 100 )
=3 MMscfd of H2S
3. Calculate RERs
RER100 ppm = 245[(3).79] = 583 m
RER30 ppm = 700[(3).77] = 1,631 m
RER½LFL = 11.7[(100).54] = 141 m
The RER for this example well are in Table A2.
Table A2 - RER for Example Well

Rupture Exposure Radii Distance, m
RER100 ppm 583
RER30 ppm 1,631
RER½LFL 141
Page 19 of 32
Procedure for Determining RER of Oil Wells
Gas is flashed during a large release of crude and is then dispersed downwind. As with
gas wells, oil wells have three Rupture Exposure Radii (RER): a 100 ppm H2S RER
(RER100 ppm), a 30 ppm H2S RER (RER30 ppm) and a ½ LFL RER (RER½LFL). Sweet oil
wells only have a RER½ LFL. These radii are used in SAES-B-062 to determine spacing
requirements and to assist in determining emergency response planning and
notification. Follow these steps when determining the RER for an oil well:
1. Identify the oil field and reservoir for the well of interest (Contact Gen Supv'r., Oil
or Gas Facilities & Projects Division, E&P FTD) and obtain the maximum oil
flow rate, Gas-Oil Ratio (GOR) and mole fraction of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the
oil. The correlations included in this appendix are based upon the expected upper
and lower range of maximum flow rates, gas-oil ratios, and H2S content in the oil.
2. Use the following equation to calculate the rate of gas flashed from the crude
released at the maximum flow rate:
Qgas = (Qoil)(GOR) /1,000
Where:
Qgas = Release rate of flashed gas, MMscfd
Qoil = Maximum oil release rate, Mbpd
GOR = Gas-Oil Ratio, scf/stb
3. Calculate the concentration of H2S in the flashed gas from the following
equations:
[xH2S]gas = φ[xH2S]oil
where:
φ = a(GOR)b (Note: a, b are obtained from Table A7)
Determine release rate of H2S (QH2S)

QH2S = (Qgas) ([xH2S]gas) [MMscfd of H2S]
4. Calculate RER100 ppm

RER100 ppm = e(QH2S)f (Note: e, f are obtained from Table A7)
5. Calculate RER30 ppm

RER30 ppm = g(QH2S)h (Note: g, h obtained from Table A7).
6. Calculate RER½ LFL
Page 20 of 32
RER½ LFL = l(Qgas)m (Note: l, m obtained from Table A7)
If the AOF or H2S concentration do not fall within limits of Table A7, then LPD/TSU
will calculate RER values specifically for the well of interest (users need to supply
LPD/TSU with well name, maximum oil flow rate, oil composition (mole%), gas-oil
ratio, and flowing wellhead temperature).
Example of Oil Well RER Determination
As an example, consider an oil well that is producing Arab-D in the Khurais field.
Available information indicates the well will have a maximum flow rate of 30,000 bpd,
the oil will have an H2S concentration of 2.9 mole %, and the GOR is 277. What are
the RER values for this well?
1. Available information
The available information is summarized below. The maximum flow rate and the
H2S concentration are within the limits specified in Table A7.
Maximum Flow Rate, Mbpd 30
GOR, scf/stb 277
Mole percent of H2S in Oil 2.9%
Constants for evaluating this well are summarized in Table A3.
Table A3 - RER Constants for Khurais Field (From Table A7)

H2S in Flashed Gas RER100 ppm RER30 ppm ½ LFL
a b e f g h l m
2.2 0 1,285 0.69 2,656 0.64 47.3 0.63
2. Calculate flashed gas release rate

The flow rate of released gas may be estimated by the following:
Qgas = (30 Mbpd) x (277 scf/stb) = 8.31 MMscfd
3. Calculate the H2S concentration in flashed gas

φ = a(GOR)b = (2.2) x (277)0 = 2.2
[xH2S]gas = φ[xH2S]oil = (2.2) x (2.9 %) = 6.4%
4. Calculate H2S release rate

QH2S = (8.31 MMscfd) x (.064) = 0.53 MMscfd H2S
Page 21 of 32
5. Calculate RERs
RER100 ppm = e(QH2S)f
RER100 ppm = (1285)(0.53)0.69 = 829 m
RER30 ppm = g(QH2S)h
RER30 ppm = (2656)(0.53)0.64 = 1,769 m
RER½LFL = l(Qgas)m
RER½LFL = (47.3)(8.3)0.63 = 180 m
Table A4 - RER for Example Oil Well

Rupture Exposure Radii Distance, m
RER100 ppm 829
RER30 ppm 1,769
RER½LFL 180
Method of Using RER Results
Saudi Aramco uses the maximum of the 30 ppm RER (100 ppm RER with additional
drilling precautions) or the ½ LFL RER to establish the minimum distance between
wells and population or major facilities (note that spacing can never be less than the
minimums stated in Table 2 of the Standard – see Section 5 for more details). The
purpose for this RER method of spacing is to minimize the possibility of exposing
people to either potentially lethal or flammable vapor clouds. Table A5 summarizes the
effects of hydrogen sulfide exposure to people.
Once the RER100 ppm, RER30 ppm, and RER½LFL are known, draw the RERs as circles with
the well at the center (see Figure A1). For sour gas wells, the ½ LFL RER will not
dominate, but it should still be drawn on the map showing RERs.
Page 22 of 32
Figure A1 - RER Circles Superimposed Over Well Site Map
Page 23 of 32
Table A5 - Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide on People

H2S
Concentration Effect on People
(ppm)
0.10 ERPG-1*: The maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed that
nearly all adult males could be exposed for up to 1 hour without experiencing
other than mild transient adverse health effects or perceiving a clearly defined
objectionable odor.
4 Moderate odor, easily detected.
10 Time Weighted Average (TWA) exposure limitation, beginning of eye irritation.
Setting for Warning low level H2S alarm for control rooms and other indoor
areas protected by air intake sensors. Saudi Aramco work permit procedures
require use of SCBA for work in areas with 10 ppm or greater H2S.
15 Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL) for 15 minutes.
20 Warning High H2S Level alarm setting at Saudi Aramco plants per SAES-J-505.
30 ERPG-2*: The maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed that
nearly all adult males could be exposed for up to 1 hour without experiencing or
developing irreversible or other serious health effects or symptoms that could
impair their abilities to take protective action.
50 Inhalation limit for 60 minutes, threshold limit of possible eye injury.
Setting for Warning High-high Level H2S alarm at Saudi Aramco plants per
SAES-J-505.
70 – 150 Headaches, dizziness, sore throat and increasing stress.
100 ERPG-3*: The maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed that
nearly all adult males could be exposed for up to 1 hour without experiencing or
developing life-threatening health effects.
150 Loss of sense of smell.
150 – 300 Severe irritation of eyes and lungs.
300 Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health Concentration: The maximum
airborne concentration to which a healthy male worker can be exposed for as
long as 30 min and still be able to escape without loss of life or irreversible
organ system damage.
500 Loss of sense of reasoning and balance, loss of consciousness and possible
death in 30 – 60 minutes.
1,000 Immediate loss of consciousness and death within a few minutes.
* Emergency Response Planning Guideline (ERPG), American Industrial Hygiene Association.
Page 24 of 32
Table A6 – Gas Field Constants for RER Calculations
Properties Constants
H2S AOF or Qgas
100 ppm 30 ppm ½ LFL
(mole%) (MMSCFD)
Field min max min max e f g h l m
Abqaiq Cap Gas 1.0 5.0 50 150 268 0.73 729 0.73 14.8 0.49
Berri 20 20 50 120 789 0.63 1894 0.64 11.7 0.49
North Ghawar
0.72 6.0 50 150 273 0.75 689 0.81 14.0 0.48
(Ain Dar and Shedgum)
South Ghawar (Haradh) 0.50 2.0 50 125 242 0.71 654 0.67 14.6 0.49
South Ghawar (Hawiyah) 0.5 4.5 50 150 245 0.79 700 0.77 11.7 0.54
Qatif 7.23 11.2 50 120 376 0.74 1032 0.72 11.1 0.50
Uthmaniyah 2.28 9.27 50 175 295 0.80 855 0.76 16.1 0.46
Equations for Oil and Gas Wells:

RER½LFL = l(QAOF)m
Equations for Oil Wells Only:

[xH2S]gas = φ[xH2S]oil
where φ = a(GOR)b
Note: All RER distances are in meters. QH2S = release rate of H2S, MMSCFD. Qgas = release rate
of gas, MMSCFD
Page 25 of 32
Table A7 – Oil Fields Constants for RER Calculations
Properties Constants
H2S (mole%)
Qoil (MBD) Flash 100 ppm 30 ppm ½ LFL
in Oil
Field min max min max a b e f g h l m
Abqaiq 0.93 3.19 2.9 85 11.7 -0.29 815 0.58 1,895 0.58 49.4 0.59
Abu Hadriyah 0.21 2.23 1.9 88 2.2 0 1,024 0.57 2,249 0.55 63.8 0.57
Abu Jiffan 2.58 3.61 10 50 2.5 0 1,182 0.56 2,470 0.55 51.2 0.58
Ain Dar 0.25 2.7 6.9 37 1.7 0 897 0.76 2,251 0.84 45.5 0.42
Berri 1.06 8.92 15 143 33.5 -0.48 1,152 0.53 2,474 0.52 59.1 0.59
Dammam 1.04 2.18 8 52 2.8 0 432 0.48 725 0.49 24.1 0.47
Fadhili 4.13 11.1 5 31 1.5 0 878 0.77 1,949 0.71 51.7 0.54
Fazran 0.66 2.15 4.5 27 1.8 0 273 0.25 911 0.37 38.4 0.29
Haradh 0.02 0.79 5 32 2 0 2,741 0.77 3,825 0.37 50.4 0.52
Harmaliyah 1.69 5.3 6 32 1.6 0 856 0.61 1,980 0.59 45.3 0.44
Hawiyah 0.21 1.05 5 30 2 0 1,173 0.73 2,617 0.71 48.8 0.56
Khurais 0.58 2.94 9 36 2.2 0 1,285 0.69 2,656 0.64 47.3 0.63
Khursaniyah 1.96 4.77 7 43 2 0 1,079 0.59 2,346 0.58 47.9 0.53
Mazalij 1.9 5.47 6.3 37.8 2.2 0 1,232 0.71 2,565 0.67 50.6 0.65
Qatif 3.72 11.95 4 90 1.9 0 1,708 0.34 3,488 0.32 64.6 0.55
Shedgum 0.75 1.57 9 46 1.8 0 630 0.51 1,511 0.49 50.0 0.38
Uthmaniyah 0.23 1.55 9 29 1.8 0 1,438 0.83 3,279 0.83 36.5 0.70
Page 26 of 32
Table A8 – Oil Field Data from Exploration and Producing

Components (mole %)
Well Name Reservoir Range N2 CO2 H2S C1 C2 C3 i-C4 n-C4 i-C5 n-C5 C6 C7+ GOR
Abqaiq Arab-D Min. 0.3 4.9 0.9 27.4 10.7 4.4 1.6 3.7 2.6 1.8 4.2 37.4 860
Abqaiq Arab-D Wt. Avg. 0.1 4.6 1.8 29.6 10.3 6.6 0.6 4.3 1.0 3.0 3.1 35.1 860
Abqaiq Arab-C Max. 0.6 5.1 3.2 6.1 4.7 7.4 1.2 5.1 2.1 3.5 4.6 56.6 135
Abu Hadriyah Arab-A&B Min. 0.2 1.0 0.2 3.5 2.9 6.7 1.4 5.4 2.2 3.9 4.3 68.3 57
Abu Hadriyah Wt. Avg. 0.4 1.2 1.4 14.5 8.1 8.1 1.1 4.9 1.8 3.2 3.4 52.0 260
Abu Hadriyah Arab-C Max. 0.3 1.3 2.2 17.2 8.4 7.8 1.1 4.6 1.6 3.1 2.8 49.6 57
Abu Jiffan Arab-D Min. 0.2 1.7 2.6 9.6 9.6 9.3 1.2 4.9 1.7 3.0 3.9 52.4 253
Abu Jiffan Arab-D Wt. Avg. 0.2 1.9 3.1 9.2 8.9 8.8 1.2 4.7 1.7 3.1 4.4 52.7 253
Abu Jiffan Arab-D Max. 0.3 2.1 3.6 8.9 8.3 8.3 1.2 4.6 1.8 3.1 5.0 53.0 253
Ain Dar L. Fadhili Min. 0.1 3.9 0.3 34.3 13.8 8.5 1.0 4.0 1.1 2.1 1.6 29.3 730
Ain Dar Arab-D Wt. Avg. 0.1 5.9 1.7 25.1 10.4 7.7 1.0 3.8 1.2 2.2 3.0 37.8 550
Ain Dar Arab-D Max. 0.2 6.3 2.7 24.0 10.2 7.0 0.9 3.5 1.2 2.1 3.2 38.7 550
Berri Arab-B Min. 0.1 1.2 1.1 4.3 6.7 9.7 1.7 6.1 2.3 3.6 3.5 59.8 139
Berri Wt. Avg. 0.1 1.5 2.1 4.6 6.4 9.2 1.5 5.7 2.2 3.6 3.7 59.3 145
Berri Hanifa Max. 0.1 6.6 8.9 24.9 10.2 7.2 0.9 3.5 1.2 2.1 2.8 31.6 659
Dammam Arab-D Min. 0.2 2.8 1.0 21.9 2.0 1.5 0.3 1.3 0.4 0.9 4.7 63.1 353
Dammam Wt. Avg. 1.4 4.8 1.7 22.6 2.1 1.6 0.4 1.4 0.8 1.3 3.6 58.4 360
Dammam Arab-D Max. 1.5 5.5 2.2 22.4 1.6 1.1 0.2 0.8 0.4 0.9 3.4 60.0 353
Fadhili Arab-D Min. 0.0 2.9 4.1 33.4 11.1 6.8 0.5 3.9 0.8 2.5 3.2 30.7 955
Fadhili Wt. Avg. 0.1 2.3 5.5 31.8 12.8 8.3 0.9 3.8 1.0 2.0 1.4 30.3 962
Fadhili Arab-D Max. 0.1 9.8 11.1 25.8 9.3 7.1 0.9 3.5 1.2 2.0 1.8 27.4 955
Fazran L. Fadhili Min. 0.3 3.8 0.6 21.0 11.3 9.3 1.2 5.2 1.8 3.4 3.7 38.5 1100
Fazran Wt. Avg. 0.2 4.5 1.5 21.5 11.3 8.5 1.0 4.1 1.3 2.5 4.0 39.5 565
Fazran L. Fadhili Max. 0.1 2.1 2.2 34.0 11.7 6.8 0.8 3.7 1.3 2.2 2.1 33.0 1100
Haradh Arab-D Min. 0.3 1.4 0.0 19.5 10.5 10.0 1.2 5.1 1.6 2.8 2.8 44.7 470
Haradh Arab-D Wt. Avg. 0.2 3.8 0.4 22.2 9.5 8.5 1.1 4.5 1.6 2.8 3.9 41.4 470
Haradh Arab-D Max. 0.2 4.8 0.8 27.4 10.7 8.2 1.0 3.9 1.3 2.3 2.0 37.6 470
Harmaliyah Arab-D Min. 0.1 4.8 1.7 25.5 11.8 8.3 0.9 3.8 1.2 2.3 3.1 36.6 772
Harmaliyah Arab-D Wt. Avg. 0.1 5.1 4.1 27.7 11.4 7.8 0.9 3.7 1.3 2.4 3.0 32.7 772
Harmaliyah Arab-D Max. 0.1 5.3 5.3 24.9 10.6 7.6 0.9 3.8 1.2 2.3 3.2 34.8 772
Hawiyah Arab-D Min. 2.1 4.8 0.2 29.4 6.9 5.8 0.8 3.5 1.2 2.2 3.0 40.2 485
Hawiyah Arab-D Wt. Avg. 1.0 4.8 0.8 22.8 9.1 7.9 1.0 4.1 1.4 2.6 3.5 40.9 485
Hawiyah Arab-D Max. 0.4 4.1 1.1 15.9 8.3 7.6 1.0 4.3 1.7 3.4 6.0 46.1 485
Khurais Arab-D Min. 0.3 1.4 0.0 13.8 9.2 8.9 1.3 4.8 1.7 3.1 4.0 51.4 277
Khurais Arab-D Wt. Avg. 0.5 1.9 0.6 13.7 9.3 9.2 1.2 4.9 1.7 3.0 3.8 50.1 277
Khurais Arab-D Max. 0.8 4.5 2.9 12.8 6.1 8.9 1.4 4.9 1.9 3.0 3.9 48.7 277
Page 27 of 32
Table A8 – Oil Field Data from Exploration and Producing (Cont'd)

Components (mole %)
Well Name Reservoir Range N2 CO2 H2S C1 C2 C3 i-C4 n-C4 i-C5 n-C5 C6 C7+ GOR
Khursaniyah Arab-D Min. 0.1 2.5 2.0 19.4 9.8 8.6 1.1 4.5 1.7 3.1 3.2 44.0 350
Khursaniyah Wt. Avg. 0.2 3.1 2.4 21.5 9.8 8.5 1.1 4.2 1.5 2.6 2.8 42.3 380
Khursaniyah Arab-B Max. 0.1 4.7 4.8 15.8 7.2 6.9 1.0 3.8 1.5 2.7 2.9 48.7 350
Mazalij Arab-D Min. 0.1 3.4 1.9 28.7 5.8 6.4 1.0 3.7 1.4 2.2 3.2 42.1 398
Mazalij Arab-D Wt. Avg. 0.3 2.6 3.2 19.2 8.0 7.5 1.1 4.3 1.7 2.7 4.0 45.4 398
Mazalij Arab-D Max. 0.3 1.6 5.5 5.3 8.7 8.3 1.2 5.0 2.1 3.4 5.6 53.0 398
Qatif Fadhili Min. 0.2 3.5 3.7 38.2 12.3 7.4 0.9 3.6 1.2 2.2 3.0 23.8 1266
Qatif Wt. Avg. 0.9 6.6 7.9 14.4 7.0 7.2 1.0 4.1 1.6 2.7 3.8 43.0 330
Qatif Arab-D Max. 0.3 6.7 11.9 20.8 9.0 7.1 1.0 3.6 1.4 2.2 3.6 32.5 870
Shedgum Arab-D Min. 0.3 5.4 0.8 25.0 10.0 7.7 1.0 3.9 1.3 2.4 3.3 38.9 540
Shedgum Wt. Avg. 0.2 5.3 1.1 24.4 9.9 7.8 1.0 4.0 1.4 2.4 3.2 36.2 540
Shedgum Arab-D Max. 0.2 5.4 1.6 24.3 9.8 7.6 1.0 3.9 1.3 2.4 3.3 39.3 540
Uthmaniyah Arab-D Min. 0.1 3.8 0.2 26.1 9.7 7.7 0.9 4.2 1.6 3.0 3.4 39.4 515
Uthmaniyah Arab-D Wt. Avg. 0.2 4.5 0.8 24.6 10.0 8.1 1.0 4.1 1.4 2.5 3.3 39.3 515
Uthmaniyah Arab-D Max. 0.1 5.2 1.6 23.9 9.2 7.7 1.1 4.4 1.5 2.7 4.1 38.7 515
Page 28 of 32
Table A9 – Gas Field Data from Exploration and Producing
Mol Wt. Component (mole %)

Well Name Reservoir Range N2 CO2 H2S C1 C2 C3 i-C4 nC4 iC5 nC5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10+
North Ghawar (Ain Dar and Shedgum)
ANDR-277 Khuff-B 23.1 Min. 14.7 3.8 0.7 70.4 4.9 1.8 0.4 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.3 1.1
SDGM-226 Khuff-C 23.7 Med. 11.8 3.7 3.6 69.4 5.1 2.0 0.5 0.8 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 1.1
SDGM-212 Khuff-C 24.6 Max. 11.5 3.9 6.0 66.6 5.0 2.1 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.4 1.0
Central Ghawar Area (Uthmaniyah)
UTMN-622 Khuff-B 25.5 Min. 10.5 1.7 2.3 68.4 6.7 3.0 0.6 1.2 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.6 1.8
UTMN-616 Khuff-C 24.9 Med. 11.5 3.3 5.2 66.0 5.8 2.5 0.5 1.0 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 1.3
UTMN-2000 Khuff-C 26.4 Max. 10.2 3.1 9.3 62.0 6.2 2.7 0.5 1.0 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.9 0.8 0.6 1.5
South Ghawar Area (Hawiyah)
Khuff-C 27 Avg. 9.6 2.2 2.5 68 6.7 2.9 0.5 1.1 0.4 0.4 0.7 1.0 1.0 0.7 2.2
Khuff-C 26.6 Min. 9.8 2.3 0.5 69.4 6.8 3.0 0.5 1.1 0.4 0.4 0.7 1.0 1.0 0.7 2.2
Khuff-C 27.1 Med. 9.6 2.2 3.0 67.7 6.6 2.9 0.5 1.0 0.4 0.4 0.7 1.0 1.0 0.7 2.2
Khuff-C 27.2 Max. 9.4 2.2 4.5 66.6 6.5 2.8 0.5 1.1 0.4 0.4 0.7 1.0 1.0 0.7 2.1
South Ghawar Area (Haradh)
Khuff-C 25 Avg. 9.0 1.5 0.6 71.1 7.4 3.3 0.6 1.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.6 1.2
Khuff-C 25 Min. 9.0 1.5 0.5 71.2 7.4 3.3 0.6 1.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.6 1.2
Khuff-C 25 Med. 9 1.5 1.0 70.9 7.4 3.3 0.6 1.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.6 1.2
Khuff-C 25 Max. 9 1.5 2.0 70.1 7.3 3.3 0.6 1.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.6 1.2
Qatif
QTIF-51 Khuff-A 20.9 Min. 6.5 9.1 7.2 75.8 1.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
QTIF-152 Khuff-B 24.7 Max. 42.2 2.0 11.2 42.2 0.9 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0
Abqaiq
Abq Cap
Gas Abqaiq 0.7 8.6 2.3 64.5 14.1 6.1 2.2 0.9 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
Berri
Berri Khuff Berri 23.2 10.0 8.2 19.8 61.4 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Page 29 of 32
The table below shows examples of the maximum RERs for some fields. The RER values
shown are based on the calculation information above and the maximum open flow and highest
sour gas concentration typically expected the fields listed. The values below are for example
only.
RER100ppm RER30ppm RER½LFL

Gas Fields
(meters) (meters) (meters)
Abqaiq Gas Cap 1170 3170 170
North Ghawar (Ain Dar and Shedgum) 1420 4090 160
South Ghawar (Haradh) 460 1210 160
South Ghawar (Hawiyah) 1110 3050 180
Uthmaniyah 2740 7110 170
RER100ppm RER30ppm RER½LFL

Oil Fields
(meters) (meters) (meters)
Abqaiq 1780 4140 620
Abu Jiffan 1270 2660 220
Ain Dar 850 2130 160
Dammam 460 770 100
Fazran 280 960 100
Haradh 910 2250 210
Harmaliyah 1340 3060 190
Hawiyah 490 1130 220
Khurais 950 2010 200
Khursaniyah 1340 2890 200
Mazalij 1880 3820 300
Shedgum 530 1270 170
Uthmaniyah 700 1590 240
Page 30 of 32
Gas Field RER Work Sheet
Information Value
Well Name
Field
Absolute Open Flow, Qgas MMSCFD
Mole % of H2S in Gas, [xH2S]gas
DATA from Table A6

Minimum AOF, MMSCFD, per Table A6
Maximum AOF, MMSCFD, per Table A6
Is AOF for well greater than minimum ( ) Yes (continue)
and less than maximum AOF for field? ( ) No (stop: Contact LPD/TSU)
Minimum mole percent (%) of H2S per Table A6
Maximum mole percent (%) of H2S per Table A6
Is H2S mole % for well greater than minimum ( ) Yes (continue)
and less than maximum flow rate for field? ( ) No (stop: Contact LPD/TSU)
Constants from Table A6
e
f
g
h
l
m
Calculate H2S Release Rate
QH2S = (QAOF)(xH2S) [MMscfd of H2S]
Calculate RERs
RER100 ppm = e(QH2S)f :
RER½ LFL = l(QAOF)m
Results
RER100 ppm
RER30 ppm
RER½ LFL
Page 31 of 32
Oil Field RER Work Sheet
Information Value
Well Name
Field
Maximum Flow Rate, Qoil Mbpd
GOR, scf/stb
Mole % of H2S in Oil, [xH2S]oil
DATA from Table A7

Minimum Flow Rate, Mbpd, per Table A7 or Qoil
Maximum Flow Rate, Mbpd, per Table A7 or Qoil
Is flow rate for well greater than minimum ( ) Yes (continue)
Minimum mole percent (%) of H2S per Table A7
Maximum mole percent (%) of H2S per Table A7
Is H2S mole % for well greater than minimum ( ) Yes (continue)
Constants from Table A7
a b
e f
g h
l m
Calculate flashed gas release rate
Qgas = (Qoil)(GOR)/1,000 [MMscfd]
Calculate the H2S concentration in flashed gas
φ = a(GOR)b
[xH2S]gas = φ [xH2S]oil
QH2S = (([xH2S]gas)/100)Qgas [MMscfd of H2S]
Calculate RERs
RER½ LFL = l(Qgas)m
Results
RER100 ppm
RER30 ppm
RER½ LFL
Page 32 of 32
Saudi Aramco 7180 (5/89)
G.I. NUMBER Approved
1852.001
SAUDI ARABIAN OIL COMPANY (Saudi Aramco)
GENERAL INSTRUCTION MANUAL ISSUE DATE REPLACES
ISSUING ORG. DRILLING & WORKOVER 03/10/1999 NEW
SUBJECT: RIG SITE FLARE GUN AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT APPROVAL PAGE NUMBER
FAM 1 OF 2
CONTENT:
This General Instruction contains policy for equipping a rig with a Flare Gun and standard Communication
Equipment.
1. OBJECTIVE
2. BACKGROUND
3. FLARE GUN
4. COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT
1.0 OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this policy is to ensure that every rig is fully equipped with a Flare Gun and
Communication Equipment in case of an uncontrolled surface well flow (blowout) or other
emergency.
2.0 BACKGROUND
2.1 During Drilling and Workover operations, with a rig on the well, an uncontrolled surface flow
(blowout) may occur, requiring immediate ignition of the well effluent to protect human life and
company assets. In such a case, a Flare Gun is fired to ignite the effluent before spreading.
2.2 During the blowout emergency, it becomes imperative to have reliable means of communication
at the rig site and with headquarters, especially when all power is turned off at the well site to
avoid uncontrolled ignition. The use of mobile car radios and portable communication devices
(such as Walkie-Talkies) become essential in effective transmittal of instructions and expedient
control of the well.
3.0 FLARE GUN

Drilling & Workover will have a Flare Gun on each rig site, as well as a box of at least 24 cartridges
with long shelf life. The Flare Gun and cartridges will be locked up in a clearly marked wooden box in
the Foreman's office, and the location of the key will be known only to the Foreman and the rig
Contract Supervisor. The Foreman and Contract Supervisor should be proficient in operation of the
Flare Gun.
* CHANGE ** ADDITION NEW INSTRUCTION X COMPLETE REVISION 2

1852.001
SUBJECT: RIG SITE FLARE GUN AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT APPROVAL PAGE NUMBER
FAM 2 OF 2
4.0 COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT

4.1 Mobile Radio
Drilling & Workover and Computer & Communications Services Department will work
together to forecast, acquire and install a single side-band mobile radio in every rig Foreman's
vehicle to provide the capability to communicate with the Superintendent in case of an
emergency. The radio will only be used when at a safe distance from the well site in case of
unignited hydrocarbon accumulation since the vehicle and radio are both sources of ignition.
4.2 Walkie-Talkie
Drilling & Workover and Computer & Communications Services Department will work
together to forecast and acquire at least two portable communication devices, such as Walkie-
Talkies. The devices are needed on every rig site during an emergency or critical operation. The
portable communication devices will be locked up in a clearly marked wooden box in the
Foreman’s office, and the location of the key will be known only to the Foreman and the Rig
Contract Supervisor. The Foreman is responsible for the proper operation and charging of the
devices. The Walkie-Talkies must be rated for use in Class I, Div. I electrically classified areas
(i.e. explosion proof).
Approved by:
F. A. Al-Moosa
General Manager, Drilling and Workover.
N. H. Al-Rabeh
Manager, Computer and Communications Services Department.

1853.001
SUBJECT: ISOLATION BARRIERS FOR WELLS DURING DRILLING APPROVAL PAGE NUMBER
& WORKOVER OPERATIONS (WITH AND WITHOUT RIG) MYR 1 OF 5
CONTENT:
This document contains instructions for providing adequate isolation barriers (or shut-offs) when removing
surface control equipment while drilling or working over wells. These instructions are also applicable for well
repair work, performed by the Drilling & Workover organization without a rig on location.
1. OBJECTIVE
2. BACKGROUND
3. MINIMUM REQUIREMENT
4. TYPES OF ISOLATION BARRIERS
5. RELIABILITY OF ISOLATION BARRIER
6. WAIVER
1.0 OBJECTIVE:
The purpose of this GI is to ensure safe operations during drilling and well repair work by strict
compliance to the guidelines. Short cuts to compromise these guidelines will not be permitted unless a
waiver is obtained from the Vice President of Petroleum Engineering & Development or designated
representatives.
2.0 BACKGROUND:
When drilling or working over wells, with or without a rig, situations arise where surface equipment
such as Blow Out Preventers (BOPs), wellheads, master valves and trees have to be removed for
various reasons. In these situations, surface well control is temporarily removed and is substituted
with downhole isolation barriers so that the reservoir pressure is isolated and work can continue
around the wellhead safely. More than one isolation barrier or shut-off is normally required in certain
wells in case of unexpected failure of the primary barrier. Adequate back-up barriers reduce the
chances of uncontrolled surface flow (blowout) and costly repair work.
3.0 MINIMUM REQUIREMENT:

The following guidelines will apply at all times unless a waiver has been obtained from Management
(as described in paragraph 6.2). The mandatory number of barriers or shut-offs in each case is the
minimum; any additional barriers are optional, dictated by the well condition and downhole
completion equipment.
3.1 Oil Wells (GOR less than 850 scf/bbl)
2 shut-offs, one of which is mechanical.

1853.001
3.2 Oil Wells (GOR more than 850 scf/bbl)
3 shut-offs, two of which are mechanical.
Note: For tubing and packer completed wells, the 3 shut-off guideline is applicable to the
tubing only. A minimum of 2 shut-offs is required for the tubing-casing annulus
(tubing hanger and packer seals). If one of the two shut-offs is deemed to be
ineffective or questionable, then the annulus will have to be filled with overbalanced
kill fluid to act as a reliable shut-off.
3.3 Water Injection Wells
- If positive WH pressure, 2 shut-offs are required, one of which is mechanical.
- If no WH pressure, 1 shut-off is required.
Note: It is acceptable to nipple up or nipple down the BOPs on top of the injection tree by
only closing the 10" ball valve. No additional shut-offs are required as long as the tree
was never removed or the tree has been pressure tested after nippling up.
3.4 Gas Wells
3 shut-offs, two of which are mechanical.
Note: For tubing and packer completed wells, the 3 shut-off guideline is applicable to the
tubing only. A minimum of 2 shut-offs is required for the tubing-casing annulus
(tubing hanger and packer seals). If one of the two shut-offs is deemed to be
ineffective or questionable, then the annulus will have to be filled with overbalanced
kill fluid to act as a reliable shut-off.
3.5 Water Supply Wells (with or without submersible pump)
- If well flows to surface, 1 shut-off is required.
- If well does not flow to surface, no shut-off is required.
4.0 TYPES OF ISOLATION BARRIERS:

4.1 A number of acceptable isolation barriers or shut-off alternatives are available and can be used
under different operating conditions. These barriers can be separated into two main groups:
Mechanical and Non-Mechanical.

1853.001
4.2 The following are examples of Mechanical and Non-Mechanical isolation barriers. The type of
barrier to utilize will depend on the well condition and downhole completion equipment. These
barriers include, but are not limited to:
Mechanical:
- Drillable or Retrievable Bridge Plug
- Retrievable Tubing Plug
- Back Pressure Valve
- Valve Back-Seat
- Surface Valve
- Subsurface Safety Valve (SSSV)
- Unperforated Casing
Non-Mechanical:
- Kill Fluid
- Cement
5.0 RELIABILITY OF ISOLATION BARRIERS:

5.1 Equipment Testing
5.1.1 Vendor Testing: Prior to delivery of a new mechanical pressure isolation device, the
vendor must conduct the required and appropriate hydrostatic pressure tests per Saudi
Aramco Materials System Specification (SAMSS) to insure that the device meets design
specifications.
5.1.2 Field-Testing: Whenever a mechanical isolation barrier is installed in a well, every effort
should be made to field test and insure the barrier is holding. Since plugs are designed
to hold pressure from above, below or from both directions, the field test should be
designed according to the plug functionality.
5.2 Kill Fluid
5.2.1 A kill fluid can be used as one of the isolation barriers as mentioned in section 4.2 above.
In order for the kill fluid to be effective as an isolation barrier, two conditions must be
met:
a) The hydrostatic pressure of the kill fluid column must exceed the reservoir
pressure.
b) The wellbore kill fluid must remain static at surface for a period of time ( as per
item 5.2.2 below) to insure the presence of a competent barrier.

1853.001
5.2.2 The following are the minimum mandatory observation times for a kill fluid to be
declared static:
Oil Well (GOR less than 850 scf/bbl): 1 hour
Oil Well (GOR more than 850 scf/bbl): 2 hour
Gas Well 3 hours
Water Injector 1 hour
Water Supply Well 30 minutes
6.0 WAIVER:
6.1 The above instructions will be mandatory when drilling or working over a well (with or without
a rig) by the Drilling & Workover organizations, unless prior management approval has been
secured. A written waiver to divert from the established guidelines must be obtained when an
unusual well situation dictates the need for fewer barriers than stipulated. Obtaining a waiver to
reduce the number of isolation barriers or shut-offs is highly discouraged and should only be
considered when there are no other alternatives.
6.2 The waiver will be requested by submitting Waiver Request Form Waiver - 01 (see Appendix I)
documenting the well situation, explaining why a waiver is necessary and explaining the impact
of the waiver. Waiver signature approval level will be Vice President of Petroleum Engineering
& Development or designated representaive.
Recommende by:
F. A. Al-Moosa
General Manager, Drilling and Workover
Approved by:
M. Y. Rafie
Vice President, Petroleum Engineering & Development

Appendix I GI 1853.001
Page 5 of 5
WAIVER REQUEST FOR ISOLATION BARRIER
Date Requested Waiver Request #
Saudi Aramco Form: Waiver 01(10/98)
Well Name & Number Plant # Facility Connected to
Include number, paragraph, and issue date of this affected GI
Waiver requested Y N
After-the-Fact
Justification (Include discussion of impact assessment) Impact Assessment
Y N
O R G I N A T O R
Financial Impact
Safety Impact
W A I V E R
Discuss under Justification

Alternatives to waiving requirements
Originating Organization (Originator's Name) (Signature) Date
Phone:
Originator's Supervisor (Signature) Date
Phone
REMARKS
A P P R O V A L
Vice President or Designated Representative Signature Date
Name
SAUDI ARAMCO
DRILLING & WORKOVER
ROOM 221A, BLDG 3193
DHAHRAN 31311, SAUDI ARABIA
TEL. 862-8000, FAX. 862-8011
October 18, 1999
D&WO/GM-160 Clarification of GI 1853.001
Managers
Drilling & Workover
The new GI 1853.001 entitled “Isolation Barriers for Wells during Drilling & Workover
Operations (with and without Rig)” was approved in November 1998 and distributed for
implementation. The interpretation of the GI with respect to changing rams or installing casing
rams has been questioned. The following clarifies the shut-off requirements for these
operations as per the subject GI.
Section 3.0,
Paragraphs 3.2 (Oil Wells with GOR more than 850 scf/bbl) and 3.4 (Gas Wells)
Three mandatory shut-offs are required; two of which should be mechanical.
Clarification:
i) For BOP stack removal or tree removal, the mandatory shut-off requirements are
applicable.
ii) For changing rams or installing casing rams, the mandatory shut-offs do not apply.
Two barriers are adequate; one of which should be mechanical. Shutting the blind
rams with kill fluid in the hole will provide proper isolation since the 1) BOP
preventers below the open ram cavity are effective and reliable (recently pressure
tested), 2) time involved in changing rams is much less than removing the entire
BOP stack or tree. When changing the lowermost set of rams, a down-hole
mechanical shut-off (either cased hole or packer) with kill fluid is required.
Signed 10/18/99
__________________________________
F. A. Al-Moosa, General Manager
Drilling & Workover
dgn/
cc: Drilling Superintendents, Deep Drilling and Onshore Workover Dept.
Drilling Superintendents, Dev. Drilling and Offshore Workover Dept.
General Supervisors, Drilling and W/O Engrg. Dept.
Originator
Letterbook

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PRESSURE TESTING BLOWOUT PREVENTERS & RELATED EQUIPMENT

RIG: WELL NUMBER: PREVIOUS TEST: THIS TEST:

WELL INFORMATION BLOWOUT PREVENTERS

MUD WEIGHT: PCF

ACCUMULATOR UNIT DATA NOTE: HYDRIL TO BE TESTED @ 70% RATED

TEST OF AUXILIARY SYSTEMS AS PER SAUDI ARAMCO WELL CONTROL MANUAL

DRILLER SIGNATURE TOOLPUSHER SIGNATURE COMPANY REPRESENTATIVE SIGNATURE

Revision Date: 10/20/02 Page 1 of 2

RIG: WELL NUMBER: PREVIOUS TEST: THIS TEST:

ALTERNATE BI-WEEKLY TESTS WITH

TEST PRESSURE DURATION OF TEST

ANNULAR PSI PSI MIN MIN SEC SEC SEC SEC

STRIPPING VALVE (TIW) FILL ADAPTER FOR NITROGEN BOTTLE

X-OVER: DC x DP DRILL PIPE PRESSURE GAUGE

KELLY COCK WRENCH (S) ANNULAR PRESSURE GAUGE

ADJUSTABLE CHOKES STEM AND BONNETS DRILL PIPE FLOAT VALVE

MUD GAS SEPARATOR DE-GASSER

DRILLER SIGNATURE TOOLPUSHER SIGNATURE COMPANY REPRESENTATIVE SIGNATURE

Revision Date: 10/20/02 Page 2 of 2

RIG: WELL NUMBER:

DRILLER SIGNATURE TOOLPUSHER SIGNATURE COMPANY REPRESENTATIVE SIGNATURE

Form # 1.0 Date: 10/20/02

SUBJECT: Cameron High Temperature Shearing Blind Ram (SBR)

PURPOSE: To provide information on qualification test results and new

Qualification Requirement: API 16A 2nd Edition, Appendix C plus

U BOP Shearing Blind Ram U BOP H2S Shearing Blind Ram

CIS 01-001 / 5-24-01 REV / HT SBRs 11 & 13 1

SUBJECT: Cameron High Temperature Shearing Blind Ram (SBR)

Applicable Part Numbers

11’-10,000 psi Blade Packer 046910-04-00-01 644834-04-00-01

13-5/8”-10,000 psi Blade Packer 644435-01-00-01 644834-01-00-01

CIS 01-001 / 5-24-01 REV / HT SBRs 11 & 13 2

BONNET ASSEMBLY: LARGE BORE SHEAR, RIGHT HAND, for

RAM ASSEMBLY: H2S SHEARING BLIND; LOWER, for 13-5/8"

MODIFIED SET SCREW: for 11" 10M TYPE ‘U’ UPPER

Spare Parts List for 13-5/8” 10M

Item Part Number Description Qty

BOOSTER KIT: 10” BOOSTER ASSEMBLY CONVERSION KIT FOR

RAM SHAFT: POSLOCK FOR 13-5/8" 10M WP TYPE 'SL' BOP,

RAM SHAFT SUB-ASSEMBLY (RSSA): FOR 13-5/8" 10M WP

4. 030102 CYLINDER O-RING: 2 EA

5. 030791 CYLINDER O-RING: 2 EA

6. 030105 CYLINDER BACK-UP RING: 2 EA

7. 030061 MANIFOLD O-RING: 8 EA

8. 030065 HINGE BRACKET O-RING: 4 EA

POSLOCK PISTON ASSEMBLY: FOR 13-5/8" 10M WP TYPE 'SL'

RAM V-SHEAR: COMPLETE WITH 13-5/8” 10M WP ULTRATEMP ™

RAM RUBBER ASSEMBLY: UPPER, V-SHEAR, ULTRATEMP ™

RAM RUBBER ASSEMBLY: LOWER, V-SHEAR, ULTRATEMP ™

SUBJECT: Cameron Extended Range High Temperature VBR-II Packers

PURPOSE: To provide information on qualification test results and new

Qualification Requirement: API 16A 2nd Edition, Appendix C plus

Results – Extended Range HT VBR-II Packers P/N 2164765-01 successfully completed:

Ram Subassembly P/N 2164806-01

Ram P/N 2164404-01 Extended Range HT VBR-II Packer P/N 2164765-01

CIS 02-001 / 6-11-02 / Ext Range HT VBR-II 1

SUBJECT: Cameron Extended Range High Temperature VBR-II Packers

Applicable Part Numbers

13-5/8” 5,000 psi Ram subassembly 2164806-01

CIS 02-001 / 6-11-02 / Ext Range HT VBR-II 2

Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards

Appendix 1 – Procedure for Determining

Previous Issue: 30 May, 2001 Next Planned Update: 1 June, 2006

S Pressure Testing Blowout Preventers & Related Equipment

S Pressure Testing Blowout Preventers & Related Equipment