To calculate the heat released when burning one molecule of octane (C8H18) completely to

carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O), we first need to write a balanced chemical equation:

C8H18 + XO2 -> 8CO2 + 9H2O

From the equation, we can see that 1 molecule of octane reacts with X molecules of oxygen
(O2) to produce 8 molecules of carbon dioxide and 9 molecules of water.

Now, let's calculate the heat released by using the heat of formation values provided:

Heat of formation of C8H18: -59.2 kcal/mole

Heat of formation of H2O: -57.8 kcal/mole

Heat of formation of CO2: -94.1 kcal/mole

Heat of formation of O2: 0.0 kcal/mole

Since we are considering the energy released per molecule, we divide each value by
Avogadro's number (6.02 x 10^23) to get the energy released per molecule:

Heat of formation of C8H18: -59.2 kcal/mole / (6.02 x 10^23) = -9.81 x 10^-23

kcal/molecule

Heat of formation of H2O: -57.8 kcal/mole / (6.02 x 10^23) = -9.60 x 10^-23 kcal/molecule

Heat of formation of CO2: -94.1 kcal/mole / (6.02 x 10^23) = -1.56 x 10^-22 kcal/molecule

Heat of formation of O2: 0.0 kcal/mole / (6.02 x 10^23) = 0.0 kcal/molecule

Now, let's calculate the heat released:

Energy released = (8 * heat of formation of CO2) + (9 * heat of formation of H2O) - (heat of

formation of C8H18) - (X * heat of formation of O2)
Since we are burning octane completely, we know that X = 8 (8 moles of oxygen are required
for 1 mole of octane).

Energy released = (8 * -1.56 x 10^-22) + (9 * -9.60 x 10^-23) - (-9.81 x 10^-23) - (8 * 0.0)

= -1.25 x 10^-21 kcal/molecule

Therefore, the heat released when burning one molecule of octane completely is
approximately -1.25 x 10^-21 kcal.