EASTERN VISAYAS STATE UNIVERSITY

Tacloban City
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

Compilation of Problem Sets

in
CHE243 (Physical Chemistry for Engineers I)

Submitted by: Alyza A. Acol BSChE-2A

Submitted to: Engr. Abbygail B. Palmes, RChT

 CHE 243
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS 1
PROBLEM SET NO. 1
 CHE 243
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS 1
PROBLEM SET NO. 2

INSTRUCTION: Read and understand each question and give the correct answer. Show your
solution and underline your final answer.

1. Calculate the pressure exerted by 1.0 mol H 2S behaving as (a) a perfect gas, b) a van der
Waals gas when it is confined under the following conditions: (i) at 273.15 K in 22.414 dm 3,
(ii) at 500 K in 150 cm3.

Solution:

2. Cylinders of compressed gas are typically filled to a pressure of 200 bar. For oxygen, what
would be the molar volume at this pressure and 25°C based on (a) the perfect gas equation,
(b) the van der Waals equation. For oxygen, a = 1.364 dm 6-atm/mol2 , b = 3.19 × 10−2 dm3/
mol.
Solution:
3. Determine the molar volume (cm3/ mol) of n-butane at 510K and 25 bar using the following:
a. Ideal gas equation
b. Generalized Z correlation
c. Generalized Z correlation with second virial coefficient
d. Berthelot equation
e. Dieterici equation
Solution:
 CHE 243
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS 1
PROBLEM SET NO. 3

INSTRUCTION: Read and understand each question and give the correct answer. Show your
solution and underline your final answer.

1. What is the value of Joule-Thomson coefficient (deg/ atm) given the following data?
∆ P , cm Hg -34.62 -29.75 -24.67 -19.30 -14.82 -8.36 -4.38 0
∆T ,K -1.53 -1.41 -1.26 -1.02 -0.80 -0.49 -0.2 0

Solution:

2. Twenty grams of oxygen gas at 25 0C expands adiabatically and reversibly from an initial
pressure of 4 atm to 0.8 atm. Assuming gas behaves like an ideal gas, determine the final
temperature (0C) of the gas. If expansion was done against a constant external pressure of
1 atm, calculate the work(J) done by the gas.

Solution:
3. Water is heated to boiling under a pressure of 1.0 atm. When an electric current of 0.50 A
from a 12 V supply is passed for 300 s through resistance in thermal contact with it, it is
found that 0.798 g of water is vaporized. Calculate the molar internal energy and enthalpy
changes at the boiling point (373.15 K).

4. Calculate the work (J) done by a sample of 0.10 mol Ne gas that expands isothermally
from 0.6L to 1.2L at 00C according to the following conditions:
a. Against a constant external pressure of 0.9 atm

b. Against a variable pressure which varies with volume according to the expression PVn =k
and with the given data:
3 194 134 100 79
Px 10 (atm)
V (L) 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2

c. Reversibly assuming gas is ideal

Solution:
5. Given the thermochemical equation 2SO2(g)+ O2(g)→ 2SO3(g) ∆ H= -198.2 kJ/mol
calculate the heat evolved when 87.9 g of SO2 (molar mass= 64.07 g/mol) is converted to
SO3.

6. Calculate the change in internal energy when 2 moles of CO are converted to 2 moles of
CO2 at 1 atm and 25°C.

2CO(g) + O2(g) →2CO2(g) ∆ H = -566.0 kJ/mol

7. A quantity of 1.435 g of naphthalene (C10H8), a pungent-smelling substance used in moth

repellents, was burned in a constant-volume bomb calorimeter. Consequently, the
temperature of the water rose from 20.28°C to 25.95°C. If the heat capacity of the bomb
plus water was 10.17 kJ/°C, calculate the heat of combustion of naphthalene on a molar
basis; that is, find the molar heat of combustion.
 8. Calculate the standard enthalpy of the formation of acetylene (C 2H2 ) from its elements:

2C(graphite) + H2(g) →C2H2(g)

The equations for each step and the corresponding enthalpy changes are

(a) C(graphite) + O2(g)→ CO2(g) ∆ H°rxn= -393.5 kJ/mol

(b) H2g + 1/2O2(g) →H2O(l) ∆ H°rxn= -285.8 kJ/mol
(c) 2C2H2(g) + 5O2(g) → 4CO2(g) + 2H2O(l) ∆ H°rxn= -2598.8 kJ/mol.

CHE 243
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS 1
PROBLEM SET NO. 4
NAME: Alyza A. Acol BSChE-2A DATE: June 7, 2023

INSTRUCTION: Read and understand each question and give the correct answer. Show your
solution and underline your final answer.

1. Calculate the molar entropies of fusion and vaporization for benzene. Having a molecular
weight of 78.1, benzene melts at 5.5 0C with a heat of fusion of 2350 cal/ g. mol. Its normal
boiling point is 80.1 0C and its heat of vaporization at that temperature is 94.1 cal/ g.

Solution:
 Calculate the entropy of fusion ∆ S fusion

∆ H fusion
∆ S fusion =
T fusion
 2350 cal Btu
∆ S fusion = =8.44 ∨[8.44 ]
(5.5+273) ( g∙ mol ) ( K ) ( lb ∙ mol ) ( ℉ )

 Calculate the entropy of fusion ∆ S vap

H vap
∆ S vap=
T vap

(94.1)(78.1) cal Btu

∆ S vap= = 20.81 ∨[20.81 ]
(80.1+273) ( g ∙ mol ) ( K ) (lb ∙ mol ) ( ℉ )

2. Calculate the absolute entropy of liquid n-hexanol at 200C and 1 atm from these heat-capacity
data:

Temperature, K Phase Heat Capacity (cal/ (g.mol)(K)

18.3 Crystal 1.695
27.1 Crystal 3.819
49.9 Crystal 8.670
76.5 Crystal 15.80
136.8 Crystal 24.71
180.9 Crystal 29.77
229.6 Liquid 46.75
260.7 Liquid 50.00
290.0 Liquid 55.56
The melting point of n-hexanol is -47.20C, and its enthalpy of fusion is 3676 cal/g.mol. The heat
capacity of crystalline n-hexanol at temperatures below 18.3K may be estimated using the Debye-
Einstein equation:
( Cp ) crystal=aT 3

 Estimate absolute entropy of crystalline n-hexanol

cal
use the crystal entropy value of 1.695 at 18.3K,
( g ∙ mol )( K )
1.695 −3
a= 3
=0.2766 ×10
18.3

( )
18.3
Cp
∫ T
dT
0

[ ( 0.2766 × 10−3 ) T 3
]
18.3

∫ T
−3
dT =(0.2766 ×10 )18.3 /3
3

cal
¿ 0.565
( g ∙ mol )( K )

 Compute entropy change between 18.3K and fusion temperature

( )
225.8
Cp cal
∫ T
dT =38.0
( g ∙ mol ) ( K )
18.3
 Compute the entropy change due to phase transformation
 ∆ H fusion 3676 cal
= =16.28
225.8 225.8 ( g ∙ mol ) ( K )
 Compute the entropy change between 225.8K and 293K

( CT ) dT =13.7 ( g ∙ molcal )( K )
293

∫ p

225.8
 Calculate the absolute entropy of liquid n-hexanol

S ° S , 20 ° C=0.565+ 38.0+16.28+13.7
liq

¿ 68.5
cal
( g ∙ mol )( K )
∨[68.5
Btu
lb ( )
∙ mol ( ℉ ) ]

3. A 100 g of ice is put in 500 g of water at 293 K.

a. What will be the final temperature of the system?
b. What will be the change in entropy (J/K)?

Solution:
a . Q=mgfus Q=mC ∆ T ∆ T =T f −T i
Q=100 g 334 ( J
g ) ∆T=
mC
Q
T f =T i + ∆T
33,400 J
∆T=
Q=33,400 J
(
( 500 g ) 4.18
J
gK ) T f =293+15.98

∆ T =15.98 K T f =308.98 K

b . ∆ S2 =mC ∆ T ∆ S tot =∆ S2 +∆ S 1
∆ S 2=( 500 g ) 4.18
J
gK
∈ (
308.98
293.0
K)( ) J
∆ S tot =110.987 +122.34
K
J
K
J J
∆ S 2=110.987 ∆ S tot =233.33
k K

Q
∆ S 1=
T
33,400 J
∆ S 1=
273 K
J
∆ S 1=122.34
K

CHE 243
 PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS 1
PROBLEM SET NO. 5

NAME: Alyza A. Acol BSChE-2A DATE: June 7, 2023

INSTRUCTION: Read and understand each question and give the correct answer. Show
your solution and underline your final answer.

1. For a liquid mixture of 20 wt% water, 30 wt% acetic acid, and 50 wt% isopropyl
ether, determine the composition of the two phases (e.g., the ether layer and water
layer) and the amount of acetic acid that must be added to the system to form a one-
phase (single layer) solution.

2. A two-phase binary mixture at 100 0C and 133.3 kPa has an overall composition of 68
mol % benzene and 32 mol% toluene. Determine the mole fraction in benzene in the
liquid phase and in the vapor phase.
 3. Predict the ideal solubility of lead in bismuth at 280 °C given that its melting point is
327 °C and its enthalpy of fusion is 5.2 kJmol−1.

Solution:
¿x =
B
∆ fusH
R
× ¿−
T T(
1 1
)
( )( )
3 −1
5.2 ×10 J mol 1 1
¿ −1 −1
× −
8.314 J K mo l 600 K 553 K

¿−0.0886 , implying that x B=0.92

n ( Pb ) x n ( Bi )
xB = ,implying that n ( Pb )= B
n ( Pb ) +n ( Bi ) 1−x B

1000 g
for 1 kg of bismuth ,n ( Bi )= −1
=4.785 mol
208.98 g mo l

Hence , the amount of lead that dissolves∈1 kg of bismuth is

( 0.92) ×(4.785 mol)

n ( Pb )= =55 mol ,∨11kg
1−0.92

1. Benzene and toluene form nearly ideal solutions. Consider an equimolar solution of
benzene and toluene. At 20 °C the vapour pressures of pure benzene and toluene are
9.9 kPa and 2.9 kPa, respectively. The solution is boiled by reducing the external
pressure below the vapour pressure. Calculate (i) the pressure when boiling begins,
(ii) the composition of each component in the vapour, and (iii) the vapour pressure
when only a few drops of liquid remain. Assume that the rate of vaporization is low
enough for the temperature to remain constant at 20 °C.

Solution:

( a ) If the solution isideal ,then the∂ vapour pressures are givenby Raoul t ' s law :
¿
PB =X B P B=0.50× 9.9 kPa=4.95 kPa
¿
PT =X T PT =0.50 ×2.9 kPa=1.45 kPa

The total pressure is

Ptotal=P B + PT =( 4.95+1.45 ) kPa=6.4 kPa

( b ) The composition of the vapour is given by

P B 4.95 kPa
yB= = =0.77
P total 6.4 kPa
¿
 PT 1.45 kPa
yT = = =0.23
P total 6.4 kPa

( c ) When only a few drops of liquid remain, the equimolar mixture is almost
entirely vapour .
Thus , y B = y T =0.50 , which implies that
¿ ❑ ❑ ¿ ¿
PB =X B P B=PT =X T P T =( 1−X B ) P T
solving for X B yields
¿
PT 2.9 kPa
X B= ¿ ¿= =0.23
PB + PT ( 9.9+2.9 ) kPa
The ∂ vapour pressure are
¿ ❑
PB =X B P B=0.23× 9.9 kPa=2.24 kPa=P T [ vapour mixture is equimolar ]
P total
¿
2
Ptotal=2 p =4.5 kPa
B