1. Silver (Ag; Z=47) has 46 known isotopes, but only two occur naturally: 107Ag and 109Ag.

Given the following mass spectrometric data, calculate the atomic mass of Ag.

ISOTOPE MASS (amu) Abundance (%)

107
Ag 106.90509 51.84
109
Ag 108.90476 48.16
ANS: 107.87 amu
2. Principle which states that the buildup of electrons in atoms results from continually
increasing the quantum number, starting with the lowest n, l, and ml values. Simply put,
lower energy levels are filled up first. (ANS: Aufbau; lagyan mon a lang ng choices)
3. Determine the electron group arrangement, molecular shape and predict the bond angles
(relative to the ideal angles) of SbF5.
Solution:
 Electron group arrangement: trigonal bipyramidal.
 Bond Angles: All groups and surrounding atoms are identical, so bond angles are
ideal: 120O between equatorial groups and 90O between axial and equatorial
groups.
 Molecular Shape: Trigonal bipyramidal (AX5)
4. The amount of energy required to remove an electron from a neutral atom to convert it to
a positively charged ion. (ANS: Ionization energy)
5. Draw a Lewis structure and calculate the formal charge of each atom in AlH4-
ANS: Fomal charges: H = 0, Al = -1

6. What is the molality (m) if a solution prepared by dissolving 32.0g of CaCl2 in 275 g of
water?
ANS: Convert from grams of solute to moles.
1 mol CaCl2
Moles of CaCl2 = 32.0g CaCl2 x = 0.288 mol CaCl2
110.98 g Cacl 2
Finding molality:
0.288 mol CaCl 2
mol solute
Molality = = 1 kg = 1.047 m
kg solvent 275 g x
1000 g

(7-8.) Given the combustion reaction, 2H2 (g) + O2 (g)  2H2O(g).

7. Express the rate in terms of changes in [H2], [O2] and [H2O]

1 ∆[ H 2] ∆[O 2] 1 ∆[ H 2O]
ANS: Rate = - =- =
2 ∆t ∆t 2 ∆t
 Note: For every molecule of O2 that disappears, two molecules of H2 disappear, so the
rate of [O2] decrease is one half the rate of [H2] decrease. Similarly, it is seen that the
rate of [O2] decrease is one half the rate of [H2O] increase.
8. When [O2] is decreasing at 0.23 mol/L.s, at what rate is [H2O] increasing?
1 ∆[ H 2O] ∆[O 2]
=- = - (- 0.23 mol/L.s)
2 ∆t ∆t
∆[ H 2O]
= 2(0.23 mol/L.S) = 0.46 mol/L.s
∆t
Note: Because [O2] is decreasing, the change in its concentration must be negative. We
∆[ H 2O]
substitute the negative value into the expression and solve for
∆t
9. Elemental analysis of a sample of an ionic compound showed 2.82 g of Na, 4.35 g of Cl, and 7.83
of O. What is the empirical formula and name of the compound?
ANS: NaClO4 ; sodium perchlorate (Kaya mon a solution nito)
10. Elemental analysis shows that lactic acid with a molar mass of 90.08 g/mol contains 40.0 mass %
C, 6.71 mass % H and 53.3 mass % O. Determine the empirical formula and molecular formula
of lactic acid.
ANS: A
A. EF: CH2O; MF: C3H6O3
B. EF: CH2O; MF: CH2O
C. EF: CH4O; MF: C2H8O
D. EF: CHO; MF: C3H6O3
11. A steel tank used for fuel delivery is fitted with safety valve that opens if the internal pressure
exceeds 1.0 x 103 torr. It is filled with methane at 23oC and 0.991 atm and placed in boiling water
at exactly 100oC. Will the safety valve open?
ANS: E
A. Yes, because the new pressure exerted (P2), which is 1104 torr, is greater than 1.00 x 103
B. Yes, because the new pressure exerted (P2), which is 1077 torr, is greater than 1.00 x 103
C. No, because the new pressure exerted (P2), which is 949 torr, is less than 1.00 x 103
D. No, because the new pressure exerted (P2), which is 1.249 atm, is less than 1.00 x 103
E. Both C and D.
12. Determines the shape of the orbitals and corresponds to the sublevel. B
A. Principal Quantum Number
B. Angular Momentum Quantum Number
C. Magnetic Quantum Number
D. Electron Spin Quantum Number
13. Groups 1 and 2 in the periodic table are referred to as the ______. C
A. P-block
B. F-block
C. S-block
D. D-block
14. Which is not involved in the solution (formation) process?
A. Mixing of solute and solute particles.
B. Separation of solvent particles.
C. Mixing of solute and solvent particles.
D. Separation of solute particles.