Angelica Avrielle C.

Arevalo
BSCE 1F
Thermochemistry Problem Set #1
1.) A gas expands in volume from 26.7 mL to 89.3 mL at constant temperature. Calculate the work done
(in joules) if the gas expands:
a. against a vacuum
given:
V= 26.7 mL convert to L: 0.0267 L
V= 89.3 mL convert to L: 0.0893 L
-P= 0
formula:
w= -PΔV
solution:
w= (0) (0.0893 L- 0.0267 L)
w= 0
b. against a constant pressure of 1.5 atm
given:
V= 26.7 mL convert to L: 0.0267 L
V= 89.3 mL convert to L: 0.0893 L
P= 1.5 atm
formula:
w= -PΔV
solution:
w= (-1.5atm) (0.0893 L- 0.0267 L)
w= (-1.5 atm) (0.0626L)
101.3 J
= 0.0939 atm∙L x
atm∙ L
= -9.51 J
c. against a constant pressure of 2.8 atm
given:
V= 26.7 mL convert to L: 0.0267 L
V= 89.3 mL convert to L: 0.0893 L
P= 2.8 atm
formula:
w= -PΔV
solution:
w= (-2.8atm) (0.0893 L- 0.0267 L)
w= (-2.8 atm) (0.0626L)
101.3 J
= -0.17528 atm∙L x
atm∙ L
= -18 J

2.) Calculate the work done in joules when 1.0 mole of water vaporizes at 1.0 atm and 100°C. Assume
that the volume of liquid water is negligible compared with that of steam at 100°C, and ideal gas
behavior.
given:
n= 1.0 mole
R= 0.0821 atm∙L /k∙mol
T= 100°C convert to work T= 100+ 273 = 373 K
P= 1.0 atm
Formula and Solution:
Since, PV=nRT then V=nRT/P
V= (1.0 mole) (0.0821 atm∙L/ k∙mol) (373K) / 1.0 atm
V= 30.6 L now, w= -PΔV
w= -PΔV
w= -1.0 atm x 30.6 L
w= -30.6 atm∙L
 101.3 J
=-30.6 atm∙L x
atm∙ L
= -3, 102 / -3.1x103J

3.) If 3 moles of H2 react with 3 moles of Cl2 to form HCl, calculate the work done (in joules) against a
pressure of 1.0 atm at 25°C. What is ΔE for this reaction? Assume the reaction goes to completion.
Consider the reaction H2(g) + Cl2(g) → 2HCl (g) ΔH = -184.6 kJ/mol
Given:
Reaction: H2(g) + Cl2(g) → 2HCl (g) ΔH = -184.6 kJ/mol
P= 1.0 atm
T= 25°C
Solution:
T (K) = T (°C) + 273.15
= (25) + 273.15
= 298.15
Δn= 3-3 = 0
𝜟𝑬 = 𝜟𝑯 – 𝑹𝑻𝜟n

kj 8.134 J 1 kJ
(
𝜟𝑬= 3 −184.6
mol )(
-
k ∙ mol )( 1000 j)
( 298.15 K ) ( 0 )

kj
𝜟𝑬= -553.8
mol

4.) A piece of silver of mass 362 g has a heat capacity of 85.7 J/°C. What is the specific heat of silver?
given:
m= 362g
c= 85.7 J/ °C c
formula: s=
c
since, c=ms
m s
m
solution:
85.7 J /° C
s=
362 g
s= 0.237 J/ °C

5.) Calculate the amount of heat liberated (in kJ) from 366 g of mercury when it cools from 77.0°C to
12.0°C.
Given: m= 366g of Hg
Δ t i= 77.0 °C
Δ t f = 12 °C
t= -65 °C
specific heat of Hg= 0.140 J/g°C
solution:
q= (366g) (0.140 J/g°C) (-65°C)

q= -3.31x103J

q= 3.31 KJ

6.) To a sample of water at 23.4°C in a constant-pressure calorimeter of negligible heat capacity is added
a 12.1-g piece of aluminum whose temperature is 81.7°C. If the final temperature of water is 24.9°C,
calculate the mass of the water in the calorimeter.
q = mcΔt
given:
q= heat absorbed or released
m= 12.1g
t final=24.9 °C
t 1= 81.7 °C
t 2=23.4 °C
= 12.1 x 0.9 x (81.7 - 24.9) = 618.552 J
Equating this to the energy gained by water:
618.552 = m x 4.184 x (24.9 - 23.4) m = 98.553
m= 98.6 g

7.) The standard enthalpy change for the following reaction is 436.4 kJ/mol: H2(g) → H(g) + H(g)
Calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of atomic hydrogen (H).
Solution:

Δ H f [ H (g) ] +¿ Δ H f [ H (g) ] −¿ Δ H f [ H 2 (g) ]= Δ H °

° ° °

2+¿ Δ H f [ H (g) ] −¿ Δ H f [ H 2 (g) ]= Δ H °

° °

2+¿ Δ H f [ H (g) ] −¿ 0kJ/mol= 436.4 kJ/mol

°

2+¿ Δ H f [ H (g) ]= 436.4 kJ/mol

°

=Δ H f [ H (g) ]= 218.2 kJ/mol

°

8. Calculate the standard enthalpy change for the reaction: 2Al(s) + Fe2O3 (s) → 2Fe(s) + Al2O3(s)
Given that:
2Al(s) + 3/2 O2(g) → Al2O3(s) ΔH°rxn = -1669.8 kJ/mol 2Fe(s) + 3/2 O2(g) → Fe2O3(s) ΔH°rxn = -822.2
kJ/mol
Solution:
∆𝑯°𝒓𝒙𝒏 = [𝚺𝐧 ∆𝑯°𝒇 (𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒅𝒖𝒄𝒕𝒔)] − [𝚺𝒏 ∆𝑯°𝒇 (𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒔)]
{(−1669)−(−822)}⋅ kJ⋅mol −1
= −847.6 ⋅kJ ⋅ mol−1.