Magnetic Particle Testing

Procedure /Wet Visible

Electromagnetic AC Yoke

DOCUMENT NO.: AZ/MT/JF-788

REV. No.: 00

NO. OF PAGES: 11

CONTRACT NO: TBA

AL ZAMIL JOB NO: JF/JS-788

PROJECT NAME: KHURAIS AL CRUDE INCRIMENT-300 MBCD,

KHURAIS, K.S.A

CLIENT: AL FANAR CONSTRUCTION(AFC)

COMPANY: SAUDI ARABIAN OIL COMPANY

 AL ZAMIL METAL WORKS FACTORY
P.O. BOX 13168, JEDDAH CITY 21493
KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA
TEL. 02-638-0766, FAX 02-638-0768

Magnetic Particle Testing Procedure

Wet Visible Electromagnetic AC Yoke
(AZ/MT/JF-788)

0 05/11/2016 Issued for Approval M.A.R U.F. M.S.I.

REV DATE DESCRIPTION PREPD CHEKD APPD

TOTAL NO. OF SHEETS

DOCUMENT / DRAWING NO.
(INCLUDING COVER)
AZ/MT/JF-788
11
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Magnetic Particle Testing Procedure – Wet Visible Electromagnetic AC Yoke

Table of Contents

Section Title Page

1 Scope 4

2 References 4

3 Personnel 4

4 General Requirements 4

5 Procedure Qualification 5

6 Equipment and Materials 6

7 Examination 7

8 Evaluation of Indications 7

9 Acceptance Standards 7

10 Repair Requirements 8

11 Post Examination Cleaning 8

12 Demagnetization 8

13 Safety 8

14 Records and Reports 9

Appendices
Acceptance/Reject Criteria for Magnetic Particle Testing as per ASME Section VIII
A 10
Division 1, ASME Section I and API 650
Attachments

I Magnetic Particle Test Report 11

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Magnetic Particle Testing Procedure – Wet Visible Electromagnetic AC Yoke

1 Scope
1.1 This procedure specifies the technique, acceptance standards and documentation requirements for
wet visible magnetic particle examination.
1.2 This procedure written as per T150 Article 1 & Article 7 of ASME V.
1.3 This procedure covers magnetic particle examination using the AC Yoke technique. This technique
is used to detect cracks and other discontinuities that are on the surfaces of ferromagnetic materials.
Typical types of discontinuities that can be detected by these methods are cracks, laps, seams, cold
shuts, and laminations.
1.4 In principle, this method involves magnetizing an area to be examined, and applying ferromagnetic
particles (the examination’s medium) to the surface. Particle patterns form on the surface where the
magnetic field is forced out of the part and over discontinuities to cause a leakage field that attracts
the particles. Particle patterns are usually characteristic of the type of discontinuity that is detected.
2. References
32-SAMSS-005 (Manufacturer of Atmospheric Tanks)
SAES-W-017 (Welding Requirements of API Tanks)
AZ Quality Control Manual
AZ Procedure for Qualification and Certification of NDT Personnel (QCP/NDE/WP-01)
ASME Sec. V
ASME Sec. VIII Div. I
API-650
ANSI/ASNT CP-189 Edition 2006
Applicable Specifications
Approved Drawings

3. Personnel
3.1 Magnetic Particle Examination personnel shall have vision, with correction if necessary, to enable
them to read a Jaeger Type No.1 standard chart, at a distance of not less than 12 inches (305 mm)
and shall be capable of distinguishing and differentiating contrast between colors used. These
requirements shall be checked annually.
3.2 Magnetic Particle Examination personnel shall be qualified and certified in accordance with AZ
Quality Control Procedure “Procedure for Qualification and Certification of Nondestructive Testing
Personnel (QCP/NDE/WP-01)”, which meets the requirements of ASNT Standard for Qualification
and Certification of Nondestructive Personnel ANSI/ASNT CP-189-2006.
3.3 Evaluation of indications shall be made by Level II. The minimum qualification level for personnel
carrying out evaluation is Level II.

4. General Requirements
4.1 Extent of Examination
The extent of examination will be as specified by the client but shall not be less than that required by
the ruling codes and specifications.
Items to be examined in accordance with this procedure shall be specified on fabrication drawings,
applicable procedures and specifications for the contract.

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Magnetic Particle Testing Procedure – Wet Visible Electromagnetic AC Yoke

4.2 Surface Preparation

4.2.1 Material surfaces qualified for testing with this procedure are in the as-welded, as-rolled, as cast or
as-forged conditions. However, surface preparation by grinding, machining or polishing may be
necessary where surface irregularities could mask indications due to discontinuities.
4.2.2 Prior to Magnetic Particle examination, the surface to be examined and all adjacent areas within at
least 1 inch (25mm) shall be dry and free of any coating, all dirt, grease, lint, scale, welding, flux,
weld spatter, paint, oil and other extraneous matter that could interfere with the examination. The
surface preparation shall include sufficient distance on each side of the weld to permit a magnetic
particle AC yoke to make contact with prepared surface area.
4.2.3 Cleaning may be accomplished using detergents, organic solvents, de-scaling solutions, paint
removers, vapor degreasing, sand or grit blasting, or ultrasonic cleaning methods.
4.2.4 All welds shall be visually examined prior to wet magnetic particle examination.

4.3 Surface Contrast Enhancement

When coatings are applied temporarily to non-coated surfaces only in amounts sufficient to enhance
particle contrast, it must be demonstrated that indications can be detected through the enhancement
coating. Thickness measurement of this nonmagnetic surface contrast enhancement is not required.

4.4 Method of Examination

Examination shall be done by wet continuous method.

4.5 Surface Temperature

0 0
The surface temperature of the part shall not exceed 122 F (50 C) during the examination using
wet particles.

4.6 Time of Examination

Unless specified, magnetic particle examinations may be performed either before or after any
PWHT, Welds not accessible for inspection after final assembly shall be inspected and accepted
prior to the final assembly.

4.7 White Light Intensity

White light intensity should be routinely checked to assure a minimum of 100 foot candles (1000
Lux) at the area under going examination.

4.8 Light Meter Calibration

Light meters shall be calibrated at least once a year or whenever the meter has been repaired. If
meters have not been in use for one year or more, calibration shall be done before being used.

4.9 Magnetizing Field Adequacy

When specified by code or contract magnetic field strength will be verified by a pie-type indicator.

4.10 Magnetizing Field Direction

When specified by code or contract, magnetic field direction shall be verified by artificial shims i.e.,
Burmah Castrol Indicators.

5 Procedure Qualification
Any change of a requirement in below Table T-721 from Article 7 of ASME Sec V, identified as an
essential variable shall require requalification of this procedure by demonstration. A change of a

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Magnetic Particle Testing Procedure – Wet Visible Electromagnetic AC Yoke

requirement identified as a non essential variable does not require requalification of this procedure.
All changes of essential or non essential variables from those specified in this procedure shall
require revision of this procedure.

Table T-721
Requirements of a Magnetic Particle Examination Procedure
Essential Nonessential
Requirement Variable Variable
Magnetizing technique x ...
Magnetizing current type or amperage outside range specified by this Article or as previously x ...
qualified
Surface preparation x ...
Magnetic particles (fluorescent/visible, color, particle size, wet/dry) x ...
Method of particle application x ...
Method of excess particle removal x ...
Minimum light intensity x ...
Existing coatings, greater than the thickness demonstrated x ...
Nonmagnetic surface contrast enhancement, when utilized x ...
Performance demonstration, when required x ...
Examination part surface temperature outside of the temperature range recommended by the x ...
manufacturer of the particles or as previously qualified
Shape or size of the examination object ... x
Equipment of the same type ... x
Temperature (within those specified by manufacturer or as previously qualified) ... x
Demagnetizing technique ... x
Post-examination cleaning technique ... x
Personnel qualification requirements ... x

6 Equipment and Materials

6.1 Magnetizing Equipment
6.1.1 An A.C. yoke shall be used. The A.C. yoke method shall only be used to detect discontinuities that
are open to the surface.
6.1.2 An alternating current (AC) electromagnetic yoke is acceptable for use provided the yoke has a lifting
power of at least 10 pounds (4.5 kg) at the maximum pole spacing that will be used.
6.1.3 The equipment shall be calibrated annually whenever it has been subjected to a damage or repair.
6.1.4 Each weight shall be weighed with a scale from a reputed manufacturer and stenciled with the
applicable nominal weight prior to first use. A weight need only be verified again if damaged in a
manner that could have caused potential loss of material.

6.2 Examination Medium

The black color of the wet particles shall be used with white contrast (nonmagnetic) on the surface
being examined. The particles shall be suspended in a suitable liquid medium in the concentration
o
recommended in SE-709. The temperature of the wet particle suspension shall not exceed 122 F
o
(50 C). The materials shall be ready mix aerosol can of the following manufacturers:
Magnaflux
Contrast Paint : WCP-2

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Magnetic Particle Testing Procedure – Wet Visible Electromagnetic AC Yoke

Magnetic Ink : 7HF

Johnson and Allen
Contrast Paint : Neopaint NPT16 or Neopaint 2
Magnetic Ink : Neocol B
Chemetall-Ely Chemicals
Contrast Paint : WCP712
Magnetic Ink : Supramor 4
Circle Systems, Inc
Contrast Paint : Mi-Glow WCP
Magnetic Ink : Circlesafe 820A or Circlesafe 820AX

7 Examination
7.1 Yoke Leg Spacing shall be a maximum of 8 inches (200 mm) shorter spacing may be used to meet
the limitations of geometry or dimensions of the area being examined, or to increase the sensitivity,
but leg spacing less than 3 inches (75 mm) is not allowed.
7.2 The yoke shall be preferably being placed parallel to or perpendicular to the weld axis. The
Magnetizing current shall be turned on.
7.3 Wet magnetic particle suspended in a vehicle at a recommended concentration and properly
agitated (ready mix aerosol can) shall be applied by spraying over the areas to be inspected during
the application of the Magnetizing field current.
7.4 Proper sequencing of operation (part magnetization and timing of bath application) is essential to
indication formation and retention. Since fine or weakly held indications on highly finished or polished
surfaces may be washed away or obliterated, care must be taken to prevent high velocity flow over
critical surfaces and to cut off the bath application before removing the magnetic field.
7.5 If there is an excess of magnetic particles the magnetic particle suspension may be controlled by
lightly blowing the suspension from the inspected area. If the suspension is still excessive then the
inspection must be stopped and the area cleaned in accordance with Para. 4.2 before re- inspection.
7.6 At least two separate examinations shall be performed on each area. During the second
examination, the lines of magnetic flux shall be approximately perpendicular to those used during the
first examination.
7.7 Examination shall be conducted with minimum one (01) inch overlap to assure 100 percent coverage
of area of interest at the required sensitivity.
7.8 The area to be examined shall be limited to a maximum distance of one-fourth (1/4) of the spacing
on either side of centerline joining the two yoke poles.

8 Evaluation of Indications
8.1 All indications shall be evaluated in terms of the acceptance standards of the referring codes &
standards (Appendix-A).
8.2 Treatment of Imperfections Believed Non-relevant.
Any indication of an imperfection which is believed to be non-relevant shall be regarded as a defect
unless it is shown by reexamination by the same method or by the use of other nondestructive
methods and / or by surface conditioning that no unacceptable imperfection is present.

9 Acceptance Standards
9.1 Acceptance/Rejection criteria for examinations performed to ASME Section VIII Division 1 / API 650
is given in Appendix A.

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Magnetic Particle Testing Procedure – Wet Visible Electromagnetic AC Yoke

10 Repair Requirements
10.1 General
Sections of welds that do not meet the acceptance standards in Section 9.0 shall be repaired and
reexamined in accordance with the requirements specified herein. Unacceptable imperfections shall
be repaired and reexamination made to assure removal or reduction to an acceptable size.
Whenever an imperfection is removed by chipping or grinding and subsequent repair by welding is
not required, the excavated area shall be blended into the surrounding surface so as to avoid sharp
notches, crevices, or corners. Where welding is required after removal of an imperfection, the area
shall be cleaned and welding performed by a qualified welder or welding operator in accordance with
a qualified welding procedure.
10.2 Examination of Areas from Which Imperfections have been removed
After an imperfection is thought to have been removed and prior to making weld repairs, the area
shall be examined by suitable methods to assure the imperfection has been removed or reduced to
an acceptable size.

10.3 Reexamination of Repair Areas.

After repair have been made, the repaired area shall be blended into the surrounding surface so as
to avoid sharp notches, crevices, or corners and reexamined by the liquid penetrant method and by
all other methods of examination that were originally required for the affected area, except that,
when the depth of repair is less than the radiographic sensitivity required, re-radiography may be
omitted.

11 Post Examination Cleaning

11.1 Post test cleaning is only necessary where magnetic particle material (s) could interfere with
subsequent processing or with service requirements.

11.2 Typical post test cleaning techniques employed are:

a. The use of compressed air to blow off unwanted dry magnetic particles;
b. Drying of wet particles and subsequent removal by brushing or compressed air; and
c. Removal of wet particles by flushing with solvent
d. Other suitable post-test cleaning techniques may be used if they will not interfere with
subsequent requirements.

12 Demagnetization
When residual magnetism in the part could interfere with subsequent processing or usage, the part
shall be demagnetized any time after completion of the examination.

13 Safety
Personnel conducting magnetic particle examination shall be responsible for compliance with
applicable necessary safety rules below:
13.1 Test materials are highly volatile, relatively toxic and the liquids may cause skin irritation. Use
adequate ventilation and avoid prolonged skin contact.
13.2 Test materials shall not be exposed to open flames.
13.3 Aerosol cans shall not be exposed to direct sunlight in order to avoid explosion.
13.4 Aerosol cans shall be stored in areas having recommended temperature limits prescribed by the
manufacturer.

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Magnetic Particle Testing Procedure – Wet Visible Electromagnetic AC Yoke

13.5 Empty aerosol cans shall be disposed properly.

13.6 The test system has electrical input for the test equipment and safe practices should be followed to
avoid electrical shocks.

14 Records and Reports

The examining operator / inspector shall report the results on MT Report Format No. AZ-QCF-043

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Magnetic Particle Testing Procedure – Wet Visible Electromagnetic AC Yoke

APPENDIX A

Acceptance/Rejection Criteria for Magnetic Particle Testing as per ASME Section VIII,
Division 1 / API-650

1. Evaluation of Indications
An indication of an imperfection may be larger than the imperfection that causes it; however, the size
of the indication is the basis for acceptance evaluation. Only indications with major dimensions
greater than 1/16 in. (1.5 mm) shall be considered relevant.

1.1 A linear indication is one having a length greater than three times the width.

1.2 A rounded indication is one of circular or elliptical shape with the length equal to or less than three
times the width.

1.3 Any questionable or doubtful indications shall be reexamined to determine whether or not they are
relevant.

2. Acceptance Standards
All surfaces to be examined shall be free of:

2.1 Relevant linear indications.

2.2 Relevant rounded indications greater than 3/16 inch (5 mm).

2.3 Four or more relevant rounded indications in a line separated by 1/16 inch (1.5 mm) or less, edge to
edge.

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Magnetic Particle Testing Procedure – Wet Visible Electromagnetic AC Yoke

ATTACHMENT I

Report No:
MAGNETIC PARTICLE
TEST REPORT Test Date:

JOB REFERENCE
Title : Location :
Project : P. O. No :
Client : AZ Job No :

TEST DESCRIPTION
Acceptance Criteria : ASME Sec VIII Division 1, Appendix-6 Reference Procedure : QCP/NDE/MT-01,R-0/ASME Sec V, Art-7
Material : Carbon Steel Time of Inspection : Before PWHT OR After PWHT
Surface Condition : As Welded Surface Temperature : 30 ºC
Technique : Wet Visible or Wet Fluorescent AC Yoke Viewing Condition : Day Light (Ambient) or Black light
Pre-Cleaning : Spraying / Wiping with Lint Free Cloth Back Light Intensity : NA or 1000µW/cm2
Paint Application : Spraying Ink Application : Spraying
Yoke Leg Spacing : 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 inches Post Cleaning : Spraying / Wiping with Lint Free Cloth

MATERIALS
MAGNETIC INK CONTRAST PAINT CLEANER/REMOVER
Manufacturer : Manufacturer Manufacturer :
Product : Product : Product :
Batch No : Batch No : Batch No :

EQUIPMENT
YOKE White Light Meter Black Light (UV) Meter Black Light (UV) Lamp
Manufacturer : Manufacturer : Manufacturer : Manufacturer :
Serial No : Serial No : Serial No : Serial No :

TEST OBSERVATIONS
SN DRG. NO. JOINT ID DESCRIPTION OF ITEMS QTY TEST RESULTS

Approvals Tested By (ASNT NDT L-II): Witnessed / Reviewed By: Approved By (Client/TPI/ AI)
Signature
Name
Date
AZ-QCF-43 Rev-1

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