The name Turkey appeared in Western sources after the Crusades.

[33] The English

name Turkey (from Medieval Latin Turchia/Turquia)[34] means "land of the Turks".

Middle English usage of Turkye is evidenced in an early work by Geoffrey Chaucer

called The Book of the Duchess (c. 1369). The phrase land of Torke is used in the
15th-century Digby Mysteries. Later usages can be found in the William Dunbar
poems, the 16th century Manipulus Vocabulorum (Turkie) and Francis Bacon's Sylva
Sylvarum (Turky). The modern spelling Turkey dates back to at least 1719.[35] The
name Turkey has been used in the texts of numerous international treaties to define
the Ottoman Empire, such as in the texts of the Treaty of Paris (1856)[36][37] and
the Treaty of Berlin (1878).[38][39]

In the 14th-century Arabic sources, Turkiyya is usually contrasted with Turkmaniyya

(Turkomania), probably to be understood as Oghuz in a broad sense.[40] In the
1330s, Ibn Battuta defined the region as Barr al-Turkiyya al-ma'ruf bi-bilad al-Rûm
("the Turkish land known as the lands of Rûm").[41]

The disintegration of the country after World War I strengthened Turkish

nationalism, and the Türkler için Türkiye ("Turkey for the Turks") sentiment rose
up. With the Treaty of Alexandropol signed by the Government of the Grand National
Assembly with Armenia, the name Türkiye entered international documents for the
first time. In the treaty signed with Afghanistan in 1921, the expression Devlet-i
Âliyye-i Türkiyye ("Sublime Turkish State") was used, likened to the Ottoman
Empire's name.[33]

Official name change in other languages

In December 2021, President Erdoğan issued a circular, calling for exports to be
labeled "Made in Türkiye".[42] The circular also stated that in relation to other
governmental communications, the "necessary sensitivity will be shown on the use of
the phrase 'Türkiye' instead of phrases such as 'Turkey' (in English), 'Türkei' (in
German), 'Turquie' (in French), etc."[42][43] The reason given in the circular for
preferring Türkiye was that it "represents and expresses the culture, civilization,
and values of the Turkish nation in the best way".[42]

The Turkish government notified the United Nations and other international
organizations in May 2022, requesting that they use Türkiye officially in English
instead of Turkey, which the UN immediately agreed to do.[44][45][46] The United
States Department of State officially began using Türkiye in January 2023.[47]The
name Turkey appeared in Western sources after the Crusades.[33] The English name
Turkey (from Medieval Latin Turchia/Turquia)[34] means "land of the Turks".

Middle English usage of Turkye is evidenced in an early work by Geoffrey Chaucer

called The Book of the Duchess (c. 1369). The phrase land of Torke is used in the
15th-century Digby Mysteries. Later usages can be found in the William Dunbar
poems, the 16th century Manipulus Vocabulorum (Turkie) and Francis Bacon's Sylva
Sylvarum (Turky). The modern spelling Turkey dates back to at least 1719.[35] The
name Turkey has been used in the texts of numerous international treaties to define
the Ottoman Empire, such as in the texts of the Treaty of Paris (1856)[36][37] and
the Treaty of Berlin (1878).[38][39]

In the 14th-century Arabic sources, Turkiyya is usually contrasted with Turkmaniyya

(Turkomania), probably to be understood as Oghuz in a broad sense.[40] In the
1330s, Ibn Battuta defined the region as Barr al-Turkiyya al-ma'ruf bi-bilad al-Rûm
("the Turkish land known as the lands of Rûm").[41]

The disintegration of the country after World War I strengthened Turkish

nationalism, and the Türkler için Türkiye ("Turkey for the Turks") sentiment rose
up. With the Treaty of Alexandropol signed by the Government of the Grand National
Assembly with Armenia, the name Türkiye entered international documents for the
first time. In the treaty signed with Afghanistan in 1921, the expression Devlet-i
Âliyye-i Türkiyye ("Sublime Turkish State") was used, likened to the Ottoman
Empire's name.[33]

Official name change in other languages

In December 2021, President Erdoğan issued a circular, calling for exports to be
labeled "Made in Türkiye".[42] The circular also stated that in relation to other
governmental communications, the "necessary sensitivity will be shown on the use of
the phrase 'Türkiye' instead of phrases such as 'Turkey' (in English), 'Türkei' (in
German), 'Turquie' (in French), etc."[42][43] The reason given in the circular for
preferring Türkiye was that it "represents and expresses the culture, civilization,
and values of the Turkish nation in the best way".[42]

The Turkish government notified the United Nations and other international
organizations in May 2022, requesting that they use Türkiye officially in English
instead of Turkey, which the UN immediately agreed to do.[44][45][46] The United
States Department of State officially began using Türkiye in January 2023.[47]