LITERATURE REVIEW

Article 2
The article is about a finding and the study of household financial decision-making
processes. It is essential since it is claimed that they have an impact on critical development
outcomes. Empirical research has demonstrated that whether the husband or the woman controls
the household's money has a significant impact on decisions and outcomes in areas such as child
health and education, foods in home, and spending for various products and services.

This article is conducted and studied in Malaysia, within a multi-cultural and multi-ethnic
society, this study looks at ethnic variations in financial family decision-making. Malay,
Chinese, and Indian ethnic groups make up the majority of the population. All three ethnic
groups dwell in the same communities, with Malays significantly outnumbering Chinese and
Indians in non-urban regions and Chinese and Indians outnumbering Malays in urban areas.
There are some variations in home structure amongst ethnic groups. In 2010, nuclear families
made up 67.5 percent of Malay households, while extended families made up 18.2 percent. In
comparison, nuclear families made up 62.2 and 63.5 percent of Chinese and Indian households,
respectively, and extended families made up 20.7 and 24.2 percent.

Despite the large amount of research on household financial decision-making, there are
just a few studies that look at the impact of culture or ethnicity on decision-making. By
investigating women's negotiating power and decision-making in homes of various ethnic
backgrounds but living in the same social environment, this article contributes to the cross-ethnic
and cultural literature. Their research focuses on the decision-making process for specific
services as well as acculturation and assimilation difficulties. Furthermore, their sample includes
solely of female household heads. This study examines the decision-making capacity of married
men and women, as well as variations across the three ethnic groups in Malaysia, using data
from a recent random home survey. Even after adjusting for other variables, the data show that
there are disparities across ethnic groups. In comparison to other homes, Chinese homes are
reported to be more conventional and patriarchal, with husbands dominating financial choices.
Wealth has a varied influence on decision-making capacity for households of various ethnicities.
Women's education has an important role in providing them more influence over home
economics and decision-making.