Bernardino, Donita

BSCRIM 3C

Prof. Espano

1. Discuss the origin of fire

➢ Fire - The Revised Fire Code of 2008 defined it as the active principle
of burning, characterized by the heat and light of combustion. It also
refers to an active chemical reaction that takes place among fuel,
heat and oxygen in the form of light and noticeable heat. Other
references, described it as the heat and light that comes from burning
substances, produced by the combustion of substances. It is the
manifestation of rapid chemical reaction occurring between a
combustible matter and an oxidizer. It is also the common term for
the burning process.
➢ Oxidation - The chemical reaction in which oxygen chemically
combines with organic elements of a combustible substances.

2. Sequence and explain the characteristics of fire

➢ Fire characteristics include flame height, fire intensity, season,

frequency, flame angle, flame depth and scorch height.
➢ Flame height is measured vertically from ground level to the flame
tip.
➢ Fire intensity is the rate at which energy (heat) is released as the fire
burns. Season of year affects the impact of a burn.

1. Accidental - It is caused by careless disposal of materials capable of

producing fire, wherein there is absence of inventor mens rea.

2. Providential - It is otherwise known as Natural Fire because it comes

from the Divine Providence and or nature like ligntning

3. Incendiary - It is commonly known as Arson. There is deliberate intent

on the part of the perpetrator to set fire on the property or building.
3. What composes the fire triangle

Elements of Fire

composed the so-called Fire Triangle (FOH)

➢ Fuel+ Oxygen+ Heat = Fire

1. Fuel- (the soul of the fire) it is anything that will burn when heated with

sufficient oxygen.

2. Oxygen- (the life of the fire) It is the most important part of the fire
triangle

because it aids in combustion or comes from the atmosphere we breathe.

Composition of Atmosphere

a) 21% 0xygen

b)78% nitrogen

c)1% impurities

3. Heat- (the body of the fire)

In physics, it is the transfer of energy from one part of a substance to

another or from one body to another by virtue of the difference in
temperature or sometimes called Energy in transit.

At constant temperature, it always flaws from a substance at a higher

temperature to the substance at a lower temperature.

Simply, heat is the source of ignition

➢ Fire Tetrahedron

The introduction of Chain Reaction converts the Fire Triangle into a Fire
Tetrahedron. This makes fire continue to burn or sustain combustion.
Removing any one of the four elements extinguishes the fire