Physics For Physics & Combined Science LUTE SI HL CAN for HKDSEE yi] eee UE ry PTE ere a eae [9 eM LCS s3 eta Iau Marking SchemesContents rf Roker tare mused eda Unit 4 Position and Movement Unit 2 Force and Motion units Projectile Motion Unit 4 Work, Energy and Power Unit 5 Momentum [SG Unit 6 Uniform Circular Motion BSG unit 7 Gravitation Complete Answers and Marking Schemes represents thatthe material is not included in the Physics part ‘of Combined Science represents the extension part ofthe curiculumPhysics Success Key for HKDSEE 2 bl © Examination Analysis Past Examination Paper Analysis, Examination Trend .. | © Useful Formulae “@ Examination Scoring Techniques .... © Common Mistakes @ Revision Test Multiple-choice Question: Short Questions. Structured Questions Essays..oe Force and Mion a Qe ghamination anatysis Past Examination Paper Analysis (a) Multiple-choice Questions aie a| Speed and velocity zoo. | 12 2003 | 12,3 2004 | 3 2005 | TA 12 2006 | ae | 1,28 2007 | _HA. 2 2008 | HA, 46 ‘Acceleration 2003 | + 2001 | HA. 3 2oor [uae [1,33 Equations of uifarmly soe | na Lo accelerated motion Vertical motion under gravity [2001 [TL 37 2002) HA z 2008 [18 2 2005 | HA. 3 2008 | HA z (b) Short Questions / Structured Questions ear | epee aon Nel] eT 1999 | CE | 7G, (0.10 | T marks | Solve the problem ofa sopping lony and sketch is Paper vt gh nor] ce Wa) | Tasks | Examine human’ reacion ume by catching alaling Pape ruler wa | CE & | 15 marks | Study che hinking distance and te breaking disance Paper 18 against velocty graphs ofa stopping ct respectively ad ‘se the graph ta solve the problem oa trafic aiden. 2003 |e Srmarks | Study the graph ofa car moving along a staght road Paper IA aor | ce 1 | marks | Stady the ur gph of an air ballon moving ona Paper horizon sigh ack © 2010 Tins Poti (HongKong) Lins Py Stes Key or HRDSEE 2on nl Poston and Mewmen e Examination Trend (a) Students must be able to use different experimental methods to record and study efferent mations, ¢g. licker-tape timer, suoboscope and data-logger sytem () Students mast be able to plot various motion graphs and be able to Link the relationship between the _raphs by using suitable equations of motion, including uniform mosion and uniformly sccelersted (©) Students must be able to deseribe the motion ofan abject from its motion graphs, (@) Students must be able to solve problems of two or more objects moving at che same time, Useful Formulae 1, Average velocity (average vel «place taken) 2. average speed (ace sped dence walled sme toe) 3 Uno mon vel or sow canon mle. omen ie en) 44 Uniformly accented oe veuset 2s (ec welecon, onl vbocig Bin loc = placemat, trxme taken) Remar: For abject fling freely under gravity, the above formulae an also ‘be used by just replacing a with g= 10m s* which isthe acceleration due to gravity and is always downwards. {© 2010Tines Pals Hong Kony Lind =8= Physic Stes Key for HKDSEE2ER ocean i 90 5. Motion graphs of uniform | (@) Thea-t graph @) The vr graph meen ains® wae! (a= Oms*and constant) hae ace ence azoms? ol s (© Thest graph ain slope -wloty ol ts (6. Motion graphs of uniformly | (@) The a graph (b) The vt graph accelerated motion ne vin (a= constant and is always ‘nthe same directions the velocity) (©) The st graph op of ne tnget othe Sine a= ove he tata volt t= a ts (© 2010 Times Polishing ong Kong) Lind sc Stes Ke for HKDSEE 2gL ant nen 7. Motion graphs of uniformly decelerated motion in one direction only (@= constant and is always In the opposite direction to the velocity) (@) The es graph (b) The vt ain en (Taking te initial velocity was postive) (©) Thes-t graph spe ote tngetto the ‘sim vest = ges ne ‘rertansodevelty t= enph '& Motion graphs of uniformly decelerated motion with a ‘change in direction (a= constant “The velocity sin the ‘opposite direction tothe acceleration at fst and ‘then inthe same direction to the acceleration aker the object has changed its rection of motion.) G@) Theat graph aims® positive) of em sR (aking the inal veloc was (©2010 Time uti Hone Kon) Lie Poses Ses Kay fr HKDSEE 2(b) The vt graph (The object changes ts wert, (© Thest graph (D The objee changes is - direction of mation at direction of motion at i) Sum ofthe shaded areas Ay #Ay= distance travelled (4) Difference ofthe shaded A, ~Az= displacement (Gv) The object reruns to its sarting point at = with t=, The objec returns to is staring point at t= 1 with amy ° ts a _& ©. Other motion graphs (a) The s? graph Fora uniformly accelerated mation, us Lat 2 lhe object stants fom reste. = 0m, then Hence, the graph wil be a straight line passing through origin with slope = as shown nthe figure below. ain Pret {©2010 Times Publi ong Koeg) Lied Ps Stee Key for HKDSEE 2) They gap Fora uniformly accelerated motion, +s graph willbe a straight line with y-intercept = as shown in the figure below &fxamination scoring techniques —————_ 1. Understanding the Meaning of Average Consider the above veloity-time graph, the average quantities ofthe object wil be diferent for diferent peti of ume as shown in the following table: Period [Average velocity/ms" | Average speed ms? | Average aceleration /m $7 Dro Ash Ach Wek or GeAdee GaAden % or Gear Ades WrdeAdee ° D104 | ArArA-ADtK | UitarrAr deh v= (negate) where A, stands forthe area ofthe corresponding shaded region. {© 2010 Times Paiting ang Kong) Lined 7 Physic Soca Key for HEDSEE 2ER cant tin 0 2. Taking One Direction as Positive For example, i the upward direction is taken as positive in a verical motion 4s shown in the figure (The object throws upwards at position 1 and the subsequent path of the obec is 1+ 2+ 3+ 4» 5), then g'= ~10 ms" should be used Unreughout the ealeulaions. Moreover, the other physical ‘quantities will have different signs at different positions as shown in the Ae following table: Position a 2 a 4 5 Velocity | Positive | Positive | zero _| Negative | Negative Displacement | Zero. | Positive | Positive | Positive | Negative 3. Locating the Starting and the Finishing Points In slving a problem of uniformly accelerated/decelerated motion, iis important to locate the starting point and the finishing point before sting up the equations of motion {) Motion in one direction oe Ss =e __ée _e For example a car is decelerated from a velocity of u at point A toa velocity of uy at point B a8 shown in the above figure. Ifyou are requested to find how much farther the car will come 1 3 stop, Leto find the distance between Band C, them the tactics to solve this problem areas fallow: Step ‘Starting point | ‘Equation to be used 1. Find the A 2 Vau? das Acceleration (@) of with uty = ae = AB thecat 2. Find the distance ® G Wau + Das i with w2uy.y 2 0ms and di theres busine in step 1 (©2010 Time Puig Hone Ko) Limited ©2010 Tins Puig Hong Kon) Lied : Psi Sues Ky for KOE 2Page total (2) Plot he displacement-tme graph of the motion inthe following figure. (1 mark) (8). Deserbe the motion ofthe objec. (©) Findthe instantaneous velocity ofthe objec at @ 35, 85, (2 marks) (2 marks) (Total: 5 masks) 13. The following graph shows the displacements of moving object as function of time J sim (©2010 Times ubihing (ong Kon) Lined ys Stns Key for HKDSEE 2RZ scent in Page total Find the average velocities andthe average speeds of the abject forthe ime interval (@) 1010505, (1 mark) () 15010905; (@ marks) © 009s, @ marks) (Total 5 masks) 4. Car initially stops ata red tac light The following figure shows how the velocity of ear 4 changes with J) ive just ater the trafic light turns green In the mean time, car passes the trafic light with «constant velocity as shown, (2) Whatisthe reaction time of the diver in ear 4? (mark {© 2010TinesPublistng Gong Kong) init -20. Pies ces Key fer HKDSEE 2gg tL Peston Movement Page total (©) Find he acceleration of car A while accelerating marks) (©) Atwhat ime wil dhe two cars have the same displacement fom the trafic ight?” (marks) (Total $ marks) A bull throws vertically upwards with a velocity of 24 m sat point 4 and point Bis Sm below point 4 as shown in the figure (4) Find the time taken fo the ball reach poin 8 2 mas) (©) Another ball tows vertically downwards witha velocity of 10 ms at point A afer the fst. ball hasbeen thrown upwards for 4s. Find he position whan the two balls moet mas) (Total 5 marks) (©2010 Times ubiing ong Kon) Lined sate Pc Stns Ky or HIKDSEEgq Force and Malion a @ Page total, (items) 1, Two.cars, and 8 re traveling along the outside lane of motorway ata speed of 30.0 ms" w ome somes 2 A ee, ‘The diver ofcar 4 sees a vehicle move out infront of im, and brakes hard uni his speed has reduced 10 18.0 mss. The driver of car B ses the braking of car 4 and after a reaction time of 0.60 s, brakes withthe same constant deceleration as. The figure below show the velocitytime graphs fr ear 4 (Solid line) and car B broken line) vine! = | ¢ te (4) Fiod the deosleration ofthe cars while they are braking @ marks) (©) Whatisthe physical meaning ofthe area under a velocity-time graph? (mark) {©2010 ines Poblting HongKong) Limits Phos Sues Key fr HKDSEE2gg 1rd in le Page total (€)_ tf the to cars and are 10 m apart jst before car A brakes, ind the distance between the (wo cars when they both decelerate to 18.0 m (mais) (2) Suppose that, instead of only slowing down to 18.0 m ste cars had to stop. Wl ear 8 bit ca 4 in thi ease if their ntl separation i also 10 1x? (Assume thatthe cars come to rest withthe same constant deceleration as obtained in (a).) (Smarts) (Total: 10 marks) 2, Atsuin takes a total traveling time of 30 s fom sation Ato station B. The Following graph shows part ofthe JY) veocityxime (4 eraph ofthe tain when it starts moving from estat station me! ° 100 0 20 a 0 (2) Find the acceleration of the tran during the aceeraing period mars) () After traveling with constant velocity at 20 m 5 for some time, the tain starts to slow ‘down with uniform deceleration when itis at distance of 400 m from station B (Find the deceleration ofthe ain when it approaches station B. marks) (i) Compete the above» graph forthe whole journey ofthe ain ftom tation Ato B. (4 marks) {©2010 Time Puig Hong Kon) Lied 2 Pc Soc Key fr HKDSEE 2(6) Hence, find he distance between station 4 and station B. Page total 2 mas) (Tot: 10 marks) 3. In an atletic mec, Peter enters the final ofthe men's 100 m. His reaction time to the starting pistol i 02 s J) He inially runs with uniform acceleration of 3 m$” until he atins the maximum speed whichis 10m $" ‘Then he maintains a this maximum speed fo he rest of thera. (2) Find the tme taken for him to finish the run (mars) () On the graph pape, plot the gph of Peter’ speed against ime from the ime ofthe firing ‘ofthe staring pistol to the tne he reaches the finishing lin, Sappan tele teel {© 2010Times Poin ong Kong Lite (marks) Phys Stes Ky for HKDSEE2Page total it sie on Non Oe (©) John also enters te final and is eatin tne is 0.18 8 His maximum running speed is also 10 ms" and finally Peter i I m behind him when he reaches the finishing line. Find the scceleraton of Joha in the ntal aeeelerating pio. 4, In an emergency brake test of a vehicle, the stopping distances s, are measured for diferent initial speeds J) wT stopping consists of two distances, the thinking distances, andthe braking distance 5, The distance tewvollod by the ca during the reaction time is the thinking distance. The distance traveled by the ear after the brake hasbeen aplid isthe braking distance. The following table shows the results of the test. 5 38 22 0 2 st 5 23 192 20 iss 36 2 98 $42 30 243 755 38 281 1016 0 36 1a (2) Complete the above table ‘matk) (©) Ploca suitable near graph for s, and ut ind the reaction ime of the vive inthe test. (Smarts) (©2010 Tine: using (Hong Kong) Lied ys Sues Key or HKDSEE 2or Force and Maton a Page total al 7 (©). Plota suitable linear graph for sand ut find the deceleration ofthe car when the brake is applied. (masks) {© 2010 Times Puig (HongKong) Limi -26- Phe Soe Key fr HDSEE2% Unit | _ postion and Movement Page total (@) A trafic accident occurs ona highvay witha speed limit of 100 km b', The skid mark le by the cars measured to be 5D m, Is the car speeding when the aeident occurs? @ mars) © Keep apart Pesce LS Fig. (Source: ww. wikipedia.org) Fig. (8) (Source: Doug Newton) Fig. (a) shows a highway with a speed limit of 100 km f. Lange arrows (known as chevrons) witha separation of 80 m are painted on the highway. In order to maintain safety distance, road signs are setup to remind drivers to keep apart 2 chevron from the «ars ahead as shown in Fig, (). Expin why 2chevrons' separation between cars is advised. (2 marks) (oval: 15 marks) {© 2010 Ties Paiting Hons Kong) Li <2 Phy Succes Key KSEE 2R22 sound aie 5. © 2010Tis Publishing HongKong Lint Page total ‘A sky-dver jumps out of an aeroplane 1 000 m above the ground nal he aceeates fo rest under i) arity, wich canbe taken as 10m se some tine, be opens his parachute and decelerate ail uni te velocity seduced final stony vale, Then he keeps falling with this steady velocity ntl elds on the ground, The following fire shows his velocy-time graph in which he sale ofthe veloc not given vine! te Wirite dw the time thatthe sky-dver opens his parachute, () Hence ind the instantaneous velocity ofthe sky-diver when he opens his parachute, (©) Complete the scaling of velocity ofthe above v7 graph (©) Hence write down the constant velocity with which the sky-iver lands on the ground, (©) Ifthe sky-dver obtains the constant velocity at ‘ky diver fom the time he opens his parachute to 6 ind the average decsleration ofthe 6s. (mack) @ marks) @ mas) mas) (2 marks) ‘Pris Ss Key fr HKDSEE2gy Ltt rin a Mon Page total (OI sky-diver tands on the ground at r= 72s, find the distance that the skyiver falls while he is decelerating. (marks) (Tova: 15 marks) 6 (@) Fig (a) shows part ofthe strobe photograph of a ball falling freely from ros. The Bashing light ofthe J) stroboscope Hashes ata fixed frequency of 10 Hz Fi. (a (@) Determine the acceleration duet gravity fom the above photograph (mas) (i) Account for the difference ofthe result obtained in () withthe theoretical value of hich is 98m (mark) (©2010 Times ishing (ong Kon) Lied -20 Ps Stee Key or HKDSEE 2RL orcant aon Page total (W) The acceleration due to gravity onthe Moon is 1.6 m s*. If ball alls feey ffom est on ‘he Moon and a strobe photograph is obsained as shown in Fig. (b) by using the same stroboscope. Foe) _Enimate the distance + ftom the above graph. (marks) (©) A ball falsely ftom rest and takes 12 sto reach the ground on the Earth. How long will it take forthe ball to reach the ground if it falls freely fom ret a the same height onthe ‘Moon? Take g=9.8 m § on the Earth, (4 marks) (Tout: 18 marks) item 1, (@) Anobjctis thrown vertically upwards with an inital velocity u fom the ground. Express JY) he masimum height ha the ball can reach in terms of wand (6 marks) {©2010 es Publitng long Kong Lined -20- -Phsies Success Key fr HKDSEE2Ogg Umit 1 Postion ant Movement o Page total (©). Express the total time taken forthe object to return tothe ground in terms ofwand g. (3 marks) (©) Sketch the graph ofthe instantaneous velocity v of the abject agunst time ¢ Label the Postion where the object reaches the maximum height with X and the poston where the abject returns tothe ground with @marts) (@ Sketch the graph of dhe height ofthe abject from the ground aginst time f, Label the Position where the object reaches the maximum height with X and the positon where the object returns othe ground with ¥ 6 marks) (© 2010TinesPublitng ong Kong init <1 Ps Stas Key for HKDSEE 22 nent itn Page total (©) Anoter objet is thrown vertically yards with te same inal velocity uafler seconds test objet has ben thrown upwards, Show that he height at which the two objets meet is shag Gmaris) Se (Take pars postive and neglect air resistance forthe whole question) (oat 15 marks) © 2010 Tins Publisng HongKong) Lind 2 Pc Soe Key fer HKDSEE 2SNe Om mul ad Name: Class Force and Motion © Examination Analysis Past Examination Paper Analysis Examination Trend © Useful Formulae .... “@ Examination Scoring Techniques © Common Mistakes @ Revision Test Multiple-choice Question: Short Questions. Structured Questions ... Essays.‘Newion’ frst law of mation Nature of forces 2004 [it 10 ‘Addition and resolution of | 2001 [1 3 2002 [WA 3 forces 2003 | 7 2003 [WA 12 2004 | a 4 2005 | 32 2006 | mp | 29,30 ‘News second law of 2003 | it 3.8 19 [_t 2 motion 2005 [uae [4.28 | 2000 | HA 45 2006 [ae [4.31 | 2005 | HA 12 2007 |B 30 zoos | mB. 30 Free-body diagram 200 [Ww 5 2001 |_TA 7 2005 [HA 3 2008 [WA | 45,26 zoos [mae [5.33 Newton’ thd lawofmotion | 2001 [il 8 2000 [TA 12 2003 | a 2 ao01 [wa 2 2oor | a 8 2005 | 1B 29 2006 | MA 68 2oor | WA | 35.6 2008 | HA. 7 ‘Mas andl weight 2003 [Wt 6 2000 | HA 2 2004 [__w 2 2005 [1B 4 {© 200 Tins Pbliing (HongKong) Lint ‘Pas Ses Key fr HIKDSEE22006 | A,B ae 2007 | WA 7 Moment of force 2001 | 2000 [HA 3 2002 | 2008 [MA I 2003 | 10,11 2ooe | o WL (b) Short Questions / Structured Questions 199 | ce Td) | Smarks | Name fores. Identify action and reaction pair and Paper IB ‘use Newton’ laws of motion to study the motion of 4 framework on a lory 2000 | ce Tibxi) | 4 marks | Use Newton laws of motion to explain the Paper IB relationship between the deceleration ofa braking Dleyele and its mass, 2000 [AL 21ad4a) | Omarks | Free-body diagram, identify action and reaction pair Paper IB and study the venical motion of wo objects hanging over a pulley 2001 | ce ‘8060, (© | Smarks | Pind the braking force on a car Explain how the Paper IB deceleration ofthe car changes while running downhill, 2002 [cE 3 ‘Starks | The moment of force on a human’ forearm with a Paper LA bal odin om hs hana. 2003, CE TEND, | Fmarks | Free-body diagram. Solve the equation of motion of Papert | GH, OG a lander o find g of Mars. The function of airbags. 2003 | AL, 1a) | marks | Free-body diagram and find the minimum external Paper IB force requited to keep an object stationary. oot | cE 2 “marks | Explain the motion ofa water rocket Paper lA 2o0t | AL 1G@) | 2marks | Find the external torque to restore a pivoted rd. Paper IB 2005 [AL 1@X | 2marks | Free-body diagram, Paper IB ‘©2010 Times Puling ong Kong) Limied Pyaic Sucou Key oe KDSEE 22005) AL ‘marks | Find the average dhrast acting om a rocket and the Paper i corresponding acceleration ofthe rocket, Explain ‘how the acceleration changes. 2006 | cE + 8 marks | Free-body diagram and study the motion of a parcel Paper TA ‘on a conveyor belt n factory. 2007 | CE 1x) | 2 marks | Using Newtons second law of motion to explain the Paper IA mation ofan air balloon puck 2007 | cE 26a), | 6 marks | Use Newton’ iaws of motion to explain the motion | Paper 1A of volleyball players while jumping off the ground, 2007 | ce 96) | 2marks | The concept of action and reaction pair Paper IB 2007 | AL 1a) | marks | Free-body diagram and moment of foree on an Paper IB American football player 2008 | cE 1) | 2marks | Find the normal reaction rom the ground Paper tA 2008 | cE 20 | Tmark | Find the propelling fore acting ona boat moving Paper tA with constant velocity. 200s | cE ° ‘frmarks | Find the weight of cable car and complete the Paper 1B vector diagram of the forces acting on the cable ea: (c) Essays [re saree To icanenl ae | 2001 | AL 11@), (oxi) | 9 marks | Use Newnon’ frst law of mation wo ilustrate the Paper TIA concept of nena and use Newton’ second law of ‘motion to illustrate the concept of force ro02 [AL 106) |S marks | tdentiy action and reaction pair and use Newtons Paper IB Lit law of motion to expla the jumping ofa boy and the launching of rockets 2005 | ce 13 | 10 marks | Study a passage about the motion ofan ejection Paper IB seat ejected from a miliary plane. The yt graph ofa dummy om the ejection seat i shown, 2008 [ce 3 ‘marks | Suudy a passage about the motion of "Mega Drop” Paper tA {nan amusement park (© 2010 Tins Poblistng ong Kong) init aa ‘Ps Suns Key for HIKDSEE2Om, etm aon Examination Trend (2) Draw free-body diagram, (b) Distinguish the difference between mass and weight. (© Use Newton’ first law of motion to explain diferent kinds of motion, e.g a passenger ina car tends 10 move forwards when the ear suddenly stops (@) Use Newton’ second law of motion 1 explain diferent kinds of motion, e.g the apparent weight ofa ‘person ina lift and the acceleration of a pulley system. (Use Newion’ second law of motion to solve the motion of an object running on an inelined plane. (Identify action and reaction paie and use Newton’ third law of motion to explain diferent kinds of ‘motion, the launching of rockets and the recoil of gun. (8) Apply the condition for static equilibrium find the tension i the string of an equilibrium system. (h) Take moment of force to find the fores ofan equilibrium lever system, @iserut rormutae= PRRae O eo ig hy oe ape item 1. Newton’ second law of | F= ma ‘motion (net frcefesutant forceunbalanced force, m: mass, «4: acceleration) 2. Mass and weight W=mg (OW: weight, ¢ acceleration du to gravity) 3. Resolution offorces | F, = Feos @and F, = Fsin 5 4. Fricion-compensed | WsinB=/ or mgsinO rnaeay @ inclination, (The component of | f inet eerion) the weight of am abject, along a rough inclined plane is compensated by the kinetic ction) © 2010 nes Pblhng one Kone) iid = Ps Sue Key for HOSE 25. Addition of forces (algebrate method) (a) Parallel forees| (0) Forces in the same direction 5 FeR+h, (i) Fores in opposite direction 6 A Feri () Forces perpendicular to each other (© Forces in diferem directions The resultant force ofthe three forces can be four by the following steps (® Resolve all the forces into two perpendicular components: Fic =F, 0080, Fi, =F; sin Fac F088 Fy = Fy sin Os Fy = Fye0s8;,Fy, =F, sin f Gi Find the resultant forces along the two perpendicular axes respectively Fy Fie=Far~For FoFy+Fy-By 1 2010 Tins Pelisting HongKong) Lined Phys Sos Key for HKDSEE 2een ae (Ui) Find the resultant force of the frees obtained in (i) Fre iH 6. Addition of forces (graphical method) (@) Parllelogram method Use the two forces asthe two sides to draw a parallelogram. Then the iygoal ofthe parallelogram gives the resultant farce. () Tipro-ail method f Parallel shift and join all the forces alternatively by using the tip-tosail method. Then the resultant force is given by the vetor joining the til ofthe frst force tothe tip ofthe final force. 7. Apparent weight (@) Apparent weight = Real weight Apparent weight = normal eaction ) Actest, (Gi) Moving updown with a constant speed (b) Apparent weight < Real weight (Moving up with a deceleration (4, Moving down with an acceleration (©2010 Ties ishing Hong Kan) Lied Physic Stas Key be HKDSEE 2(© Apparent weight > Real weight R= mg + ma (Moving up with an acceleration 7 i) Moving down witha deceleration ' ma 8. Moment ofa force (Force perpendicular to arm Moment of farce, also Known as torque x, isthe physical quantity that makes an object to roa, (Close moment (8) Asia moment pos 7 : FaP eda) r= Fed (amici) (b) Force parallel ie arm (© Stich owe 1) Compresed fore ot oe —S—S eS SS reo r0 (©) Forge makes an angle with arm (0 Resolve the force Resota Fina Fano Vass — 5 a ea a sat ‘The torque is = Fisin 8 (clockwise) ‘©2010 Times Pubting Hong Kog) Lined <8 Physi Sues Key foe HKDSEE 29 Unit 2 Fon Notion 9. Condlitons for sate equilibrium BF-0N 1a rigid body i at vest, ie. the rigid body has no linear and angular velocities, then i is said to be in static equilibrium, The coneitions fora igi body in static equilibrium are (Resultant force is eto, Le (4) Resultant torque is ze, i. Br-0Nm &Faamination Scoring Techniques ———————————_____ 1, Comparing Tension and Compression Tension ‘Compression otal ‘When a string ora rigid rod i stretched atthe two endl, the string or the rod is said tobe i tension and i will exert pulling fores, Tand 7, fn the 1wo ends as shown in he above figure. ‘That means any objects connected to the 1wo ens willbe pulled by the string o the rod. So, the tension ating on m, is T and tha acting on ana ‘When a rigid rods pressed atthe two end, ‘the rod is sad tobe in compression and it will exert pushing forces, Tand Ton the (wo ends as shown in the above igure. That means any objects connected tothe two ends will be pushed by the rod. So, the compression acting fn m, is T and that ating on m, is P string or od in tension ‘equal in magnitude ie. M1 = ITs ITet= IT mis. Note: Compression only applies origi rods —a=s —— as ‘Tension and compression are both kind of internal force thatthe also act at any point along the ring or the rod in opposte directions with equal magnitudes, for example [Tl = yl shown in the above figures. Ihe string oF the oli weightless and inestensibl, also incompressible for the rod, then al the ensions or the compressions are directed along the string or che rod and are red in compression point Xa {©2010 Ties Pasting Hong Kong) Lined - ys Stes Key or KDSEE 2on 2 Force and Motion ey 2, Drawing Free Body Diagram Ins always a good practice to draw a fee body diagram to identify all the forces acting on an object before solving the problem of the motion ofthe object Free body diagram ofthe wolley: ” 'W: weight ofthe trolley [N: normal reaction. Jf Iietion ‘Tetension inthe string . Applying Newton's Second Law of Motion For a uniformly accelerated motion, only forces along the direction of the acceleration need to be considered. For example, the acceleration of wlley running down an inclined plane will be downward along the plane, Hence, only frees along the plane need tobe considered as shown inthe figure below nf Hence, the net force ating on the trolley is FeT+Wsin@—f Accotng to Newton’ second law of motion, the equation of motion of the toley is T+Wsin-~f=ma where W = mg. 4, Understanding the Principle of Friction-Compensated Runway ‘©2010 Times Puiting on Kong) Lined = 10- (Ona frction-compensated runway, the (kinetic) frietion is compensited, by the component ofthe weight ofthe objec. le, f= Wain or f=mgsind Hence, the runway has the following properties: The et force acting on the objects zen G_ When giving a slight push, the object will move with uniform velocity down the runway (Gi) Any other external force acting on the object downward along the runway besides the forces shown in the figure will be an unbalanced force Phys Sues Key ir HRDSEE 2nit 2 sosent son ly 5. Applying Two Conditions for Objects in Static Equilibrium For rigid ody in state equibbelum, the canditions are WD Net force is ze10,1¢, (i) Net torque is 210, Le. FON Br-0Nm For example, if ladder leans om a wall without slipping as shown in the figure, then the equations of ‘motion for the ladder AB are @ 3F-0N We weight of the ladder 1X: normal reaction 4 fretion ‘moment about A, Wx 0.5¢c0s8-= Nx fsin 8 +f, £058 where ¢ the length ofthe ladder. Wx 05 cos O=N, x sin + fi xcos 0 Xx & céimmon mistakes —__________________ qa» ‘An object is thrown vertically upwards, Desrbe how the et force acing onthe object varies with ts ‘elocky un reaches the highest pestion. Analysis “Th student has @ misconception thet the net foroe acting on an abject is proportional 6 ts velocity “The net force acting on the objects constant and fs equal to the weight ofthe object wherever the ‘objects So it is independent ofthe velocity of the object. For a free fang obec, the net fore acting ‘on the objects anays the gravitational ore, winch i independent of th velocity ofthe objet {© 2010Tine Fusing ng Kong Lind ne yc Suc Key or HKDSEE 2272 creminainge A diver of mass 60 kg jumps into water with an inital velocity of 20 m s* and then reaches a depth of 3 m. Find the water resistance acting on the diver vas and Analysis ‘The student simply uses the formula to fd the force without knowing that the force found by the formula F = ris only gies the net fore acting onthe object. Whenever the equation of motion Is set by using Newton's second law of motion itis Important to remind yours thet the let onc sie ofthe equation shouldbe the net foree acting on the object. which iF mg in the evan, Let Fe the water resistance. According ro Newtons second law of motion, F—mg=ma Fa 60x 22 ,e10-4600% © 2010 ines Peng ong Kong) Lint 2 Phys Stes Key or HKDSEE 2‘Arman pushes a wall hardly with a force Fas shown in ‘the figure, Explain how the horizontal forces acting on the man are balanced by using Neweon third law of motion so that the man can remain stationary without slipping When the nunn pushes the wall with a force F. cording to Newton's third lw of motion, the wall sil alan exert a force with equal magaltude bakin ‘Analysis “The stant wronly apps Nova’ thd tow of motion without Knowing thatthe scton and reaction frees oe sng on tre ‘Analysis Accorting to Newton's third law of mation, the action and reaction forces are 11 exerting on two diferent bodies: 2. oqalin magnitude, 3. opposite in destion, ‘When the man pushes the wall with a force F, according to Newton’ third law of motion, the wall wil also ‘exert fore F with equal magnitude but in opposite direction on the man. This reaction force i balanced by the fictional force f acting on the man bythe for as shown in the figure. The man remains stationary. © 2010 Times Publishing ong Kong) Lint =ia- Pass Sues Key for HKDSEE 2ER Foret non (Erampie 4°) Block Ais placed on block B. A force Fis pushed on block B so that the two blocks move together with the same acceleration as shown inthe figure. Draw two fee body diagrams to show all the forces ating on block A and block B respectively. All contact surfaces ae rough, W. weight of the blocks friction between contact surfaces x ers ‘Analysis ‘The student wrongly thinks that block A is ‘moving towards the right and the faction ts ‘opposite tothe direction of maton. So Fie toward thee Besides the friction, the student wrongly think that he other force acting on by block ‘Als the weight of lock A or Infact, block hae a tendancy of mation towards the let relative to block B end the Feeton is againet the tendency of motion. So the frtionf, shoul ret toward the Hight ‘Stily spesking, the weight of block Ais the free ‘eting on A by the Earth. According to Newtons third law of motion, the narmal reaction farce Ny acting on 8 ty A in ft forms an scion and ‘reaction pai wih Na Remarks: {and fare action and reaction pai. Ny and N,'are the other ation and reaction pat. {© 2010 Tims Pushing (ang Kong) Lind 4 Ps Stoes Key or HKDSEE 2Page total e@ Revision Test] SEs (80%tems, mark each) 1, Which of the following experiments J dersonseate() the meaning of neti? 4 (1) A vase can remain stationary without | jj toppling ifthe tablecloth under the vase is pulled out very quickly. @) A car with higher velocity will tke longer distance tobe stopped if the breaking free (8) A parachutist wil finally all with constant ‘velocity when he opens the parachute A. (only B. (only (and @) only rj D. @)and(3) only uu 2. Which of the following phenomena ean be | explained by Newton's first aw of motion? y (1) A passenger ina car tend to lean backwards when the ar suddenly starts t9 move from (2) When a passenger ina car moving with nifoc velocity throws a all upwards, the ‘al wil fll back ois han. (8) When two balls of different masses are released from rest a the same hoight, they ‘will reac the flora the same time A. (and Q) only B. (1)and@) only C @)and(3) only a D. (,@)and@) y 3. Which of the fllo J nbalanced force? (0) A spaceship moves with uniform velocity in the outer space, (2) A plane moves with uniform velocity in ait G) A satelite circles around the earth with a constant sped, motions requie(s) no ‘©2010 Tine Paiting on Koa) Lied ais- Unit 2 once ton Cony Gronly (yan @)onty 7 (2) and 3) only | poRP ‘A block on rough horizontal table is acted by ‘wo horizontal but opposite forces of magnitudes 8 N and SN respectively as shown in the figure. It fs found that the block remains stationary on the table, If the 5 N force is remove, the mation of the Bock wil be stationary, moving with uniform veloc ‘moving with uniform acceleration. ‘undetermined, a A block of weight 4 NV placed on a rough horizontal tbl is pushed bya horizontal constant force of 3 N as shown in the igure, Ifthe block ‘moves with uniform velocity, find the ttl force acting on the block bythe tbl oN aN aN 5N Oo SoBe poRe {A block of weight $0.N on a smooth horizontal table pullod by alight nextensible string which makes an angle 30° with the horizontal as shown in he igure, If the tension inthe sting is 60 N, find the resultant fore aetng on the block. Physic Sess Ke fr HKDSEE2RZ ead tin A. sow B 2N ©. s6N D. oN oO 2 on ” 1251, wn ay ‘The figure shows thre forces acting at point. Find the magnitude ofthe resultant force. A MILN, B I73N ©. 269N Dv. BSN ‘8. Two forces acting on an object. By varying the J} rection ofthe two forces, the resultant force can hhve a maximum value of 17 N and a minimum value of 7 N. Find the resultant force if the two forces at atsight angles to each other. A. 10N un wy Page total [A 2 kg block is pulled by a horizontal constant force of 8 N and moves with a uniform acceleration of 25 m $* on a rough horizontal table, Find the fitional free acing on the block oN 3N SN 8N SOR esata xe ‘a 0} a tine The above figure shows the time variation of ‘the resultant force acting an an object which is iniilly at rst, Which of the following graphs ‘correctly shows the ime variation of the velocity ofthe object? AL Wey BON © SSN D. IBAN 9. In which ofthe following motions there must be J) anunbalanced force? (1) An object moves on a rough horizontal able ‘with uniform velocity, (@) An objeet remains stationary on a table ‘moving with uniform velocity ‘An object ill rely ina only only (1) and Q) only @)and (3) ly pope (©2010 Times Poihing Hog Kong) Lind mes Te a Physic Stes Key for HKDSEE 2Ce Nain Page ttl Dwayne A ane : > wo 9] 4 4 i Time/s Cc. gtand. ar . >» 2 Aston aon 4 < y 58 ee ” A parcels placed na comeyor elt nd moves rine bat wien alppng fib cmeyor | ‘3 Hoc i pled on a ough nln plane wie bat wit pig I'he cemeer | Gn ee The ion ceo nw Dick compensied wen tne canton 8 of jf the plane 30 Ph verelerton af he ok oF a . ‘when @ is increased to 90°. ists sms" ' 6 © 73ms D. toms? Oo ” ” uy 7 wv Dy ! Two blots and Ye comectd ya it sng Wah X place ough rt wb an te 1 pes overs amoth ed plle a shown is inte we. The masses o and Yam and ‘epectely The cs are wks fom et y and the acceleration a of Y is measured. Which of the flowing grap bes swe he atin oft why Lec cand? ‘An objects suspended inside the onan of frock, When the ruck sesee, the ing Suspending the eect matey an ange of 8 teh te vee as shown i tbe igure The tert bck n genby {©2010 Tine uing (Hong Ko) Lied a7 Phys Stes Ke for HKDSEE2$92 tment et ge Page total AL sine 1. wy esting Tho i 3% ‘Two small blocks 4 and B of masses 7 kg and 3 kg respectively are connected by 2 light string and the string peses over a smooth fixed pulley 2s shown in the figure. Ifthe pulley system is, released from rst and the mass ofthe pulley is 1 kg, find dhe force exerted on the ceiling by the pulley system. A 66N oN ® © ew Dison O Mig 1 wy 09 0g ‘A cable car of weight 4 000 N is pulled uphill by sn overhead cable inclined at an angle 30° to the horizontal as shown inthe figuee, Find the ‘magnitude of the force F ifthe cable car has @ 16. A ball of weight 10 N is thrown vertically JY upwards. When it reaches the highest point, find the net fore F acting on the ball and its seckaton snl aceon 05 me F A 23I0N A tow 2200 mow © 200% & wn bun 0 bow © 200s Publting (ng Kong Lind -18- Phys Sues Ky or KSEE 2Page total _Meft = Two blocks X'and Y are connected by a light string with X plaed on a smooth inclined plane of inclination 15° and the string passes over a smooth, fixed pulley as shown inthe figure. The mass of X is greater than that of ¥. When the pulley system is released from rest, Y moves dovynwards. Which ofthe following statements is correct? A. The tension in the string acting on X is cater than tha acting on Y, 1B, Thenet force acting ons greater than that aeting on Y C.When Fits the Ror, X aso stops. D. The wo blacks aay have the Ly same velocity while they are moving , rams Fi.) |A 0.5 kg block is placed on an inlined plane of inclination 30°. Fig. (a) shows thatthe block is sven a push so that it moves upwards with an ina velocity of 12-m*. When the block comes toa rest, the distance traveled by the block long the plane is 6 m. Fig (b) shows that the Block is ‘given a push again so that it moves downwards With an intial velocity of 12 ms, Find the distance travelled by the block along the plane in| I this eae when it comes to rest AL 6m lm ® ©. 36m Dm oO {© 2010 Ties Puli Hong Kong Lind -19- Unit 2 Force and Nan A block of mass 0.5 kg is placed on a wedge ‘with inclination of 30° as shown inthe figure, IP ‘the maximum fiction betwoen the block and the ‘wedge is 4 N and the wedge acelerates towards ‘tho Fight, what isthe maximum aceleration of ‘the wedge so that the block remains relatively stationary on the wedge? A. Os8ms* B L1Sme © 223ms* D. ldéme Oo ‘A mass of 2 kg is holdin equilibrium by 10 strings as shown inthe fgure. One ofthe strings is horizontal and the other makes an angle 60° with the vertical, Find the tension inthe string which makes an ange 60° with the vertical A. 40N BN © oN Dd. 10N “he Physics Stes Key or HKDSEE2on 2 Force and Motion, ‘Two blocks A and B of masses 3 ke and 2 ke respectively are placed on a smooth horizont table as shown in the figure. A horizontal constant force is applied on 4 such thatthe ‘wo blocks move together towards the right with an seceeration of 2m #7. Ifthe force F is now applied on # such that the two blocks move ‘together towards the lef, find the fore ating on Boy AL GN towards the right B. GN towards the left CAN towards the ight D. 4 N towards the let 24, Which ofthe following statements sare corset? J (Amani standing onthe ground. The weight ‘ofthe man andthe gravitational frce acting fn the Barth by the man are aetion and reaction pi 2) A fool is kicked by a player The resultant force acting on the ball and the resultant foree acting on the player are action and reaction pi. )_ An object is suspended on a ceiling by using tn inextnsile Tight string. The tension in the ting acting on the objet andthe weight ofthe object ate action and reaction pit AL (ony B G)only © (1)and @) only D. @)and 3) only 25, Which of the following statements about mass J) and weight ifare correct? (1) Mass measures the inertia of an object and weight measures the gravitational pull acting on an object, (2) Mass is scalar and weight isa vector, (G) Mass and weight are both constant srywhere ear the Earths surface A. (only B. (only C (1)and Q) only D. @)and 3) only U {© 2010Tine Foling HongKong init 26. y wn J.-A boy of mass 40 ky takes litt go down tothe Page total {ie was standing on a balance inside the Tit ‘She found thatthe reading of the balance was reduced by 5% for few seconds when the lift started to move fom rest. Find the ssceeration of the it forthe first few seconds, AL Tims upwards B. ms" downwards ‘round float. Which ofthe following statements bout the reaction fore acting onthe boy by the Tits corset? ‘A. More than 400 N though out B. More than 400 WN when the lift stats and ‘hen los than 400 N when te it stops Less than 40 N when the if starts and then ‘more than 400 N when the lit stops D. Less than 400 N through oat 4 og ts The two arms of a beam balance are not symmetric with f, slightly shorter than fas shown in the figure. When an object is placed on the loft pan, is mass is weighed at m,. When the objet is placed on the right pan, its mas weighed as m Which ofthe following statements iste coreet? (0m isang than (2) Thereal mass ofthe objects Yon, (8) The real mass ofthe object. i larger than ‘mbt smaller than A (only B. G)oaly ©. (and @) only D. Q)and 3) only 0 Pryscs Stoss Key for HKDSEE2Page total 2, 7 wD J ° A rigid rod PQ is hinged smoothly to a wall at ‘one end while the other end is connected by an inextensible light sting tothe wall at point Ras shown in the figure. A weight IY is suspended from a point on the rod and the rod remains horizontal, Which ofthe following changes would inerease the tension in he string?” (1) SNM Fiat he Pend. (2) Usea heavier od G) Use shorter sting, A (only B. (only (and Qyenly D. @)and@) only 0 ETAT 5 items) 02 Foon Maio ° ‘A waiter bol ay horizontally in one hand Rerween ingest as sen in ee. Tish wight of ity, Pand Ose he fees acting onthe ty by he tum andthe other fingers eect Tie} N fd Pan eB 2 A oN ON Bow ON cox oN DSN oN Oo 1, A constant resultant horizontal force of 1600 N aes ona car of mass 100 ky. The cris intially at rest ona J horizontal read. (2) Find the acceleration ofthe car. marks) (©) Find the velocity ofthe car afer 10 2 mas) (In order to keep the car runing at constant velocity after 10 s, what should the resultant force be? (1 mark) (Tosa: 5 marks) {© 2010 Ties Publishing HongKong Lin -21- Phy Sucou Ke oe HKDSEE 2RZ nent to go Page total Pa J ‘Ahot aie balloon has a constant uphrus of 2 000 N. When a sund bag of 3 ke is thrown out ofthe balloon, the ‘pard acceleration ofthe balloon will be increased by 0.2 ms, Find the origina mass ofthe ballon, (Total marks) 3% y ‘wo blocks on two inctned planes are coanected by an inextensble light sting which pases over smooth alley a8 shown inthe above figure, Find the tension in the ting ifthe system is ease from res (Tosa: 5 marks) (© 2010Time Publishing HongKong Limits =. ‘Piss Sass Key fr HIKDSEE.206 2c in Page total 4 ‘Two blocks of the same mass of? are placed on a rough horizontal surface. They are conaected by an Inexensible light sting and the string passes over 2 smooth pulley fixing on a vertical al as shown inthe shove figure Ia horizontal force of 20'N pulls the lower block and the fiction between the two blocks is 2 N while the feton between the lover block andthe horizontal tbl is 4N. Find the inital aceleration of the lower block (sal: 5 masks) 5s wy A boy stand inside an elevator which is pulled up manually by pling down the rope passing over a smooth pulley as shown inthe figure. The other end ofthe rope is connected to the elevator, otha it moves up when ‘the boy pall the rope downwards. The mass ofthe elevator is 20 ky and the mas ofthe boy i 60 kg. What Is the minimum pulling force that the boy should exert on the rope 0 that the elevator moves up witha constant ‘velocity? Assume tha the mass ofthe rope is negligible. (Tota $ marks) {© 2010 Tins Paihing (ong Kong) Lind =a yc Stns Key or HKDSEE 2gr Fore and Moto og Page total 6 The gure shows that a door of weight 200 Nis fixed on two hinges which J} are evenly mounted onthe door fame. Find the magnitae ofthe forces exerted on the door by the two hinges respectively ifthe weigh ofthe door is completely supported! by the upper hinge: Assume tht the door is uniform so that its centre of gravity is located at the cenze ofthe door. (ova: S marks) i 7 EATATGLstions ¢ (Sitems) 1. A spaceship initially accelerates towards the Moon witha constant acceleration due to gravity which is J 1.6 ms>. Ata centsin height, the spaceship fies its rockets so that its velocity educes to a safe magnitude ‘when it lands on the Moon. The following graph shows the velocity-time graph of the spaceship when it approaches the Moon ren (8) Atowhat time does the spaceship jus ithe Moon and what i the velocity ofthe spaceship at this moment? @ marks) (© 200 Tins Publishing Hog Kong) Lined =m Py Stee Key or HKDSEE 2Oy U2 Fone ation Page total (©) Atowhat ime does the spaceship just fire the rocket and whats the velocity ofthe spaceship at this moment? (Correct the answer o 4 significant figures.) (marks) (©) Find he atnude of the spaceship from the moon when the spaceship fires the rocket, (3 marks) (2) Given thatthe mas ofthe spaceship is 1000 kg. @ Find the deoclertion ofthe spaceship when the rockets are fring, marks) (@) Find the propelling force produced by the rockets (@ marks) (©) Why ana parachute be used in nding the spaceship on the Moon? (marks) (Total 15 mars) 2. ‘The figure shows an experimental set-up to study the relationship ty I) between force and acceleration, The inclined plane is friction compensated, (@) Draw a free body diagram to show all the forces acting om the ‘wlley when i is accolerting downwards Gnas) © 2010 ees Pushing HongKong Line -28. Pc Stee Key or HKDSEE?or Force and Malion ay Page total (0) In the experiment, he time # forthe trolley to move a distance of 2m fom rests measured {oe diferent values of slated mass M, The Following table is obtained, lpm os [os [os [os |) [os | 2 [ee [ar [8 [096 [050 [one [080 aims (© Cateulte the acceleration a of the wolley when M = 04 kg and hence complete the tale 6 mars) (Gots groph ot * against xp any assumprion(s) made in obtaining the elatonshipbetwoen Mand wy a straight line shouldbe obained and tate (6:muks) © 2010 ines Politi (HongKong) Limited -28- Physic Stes Key or IKDSEE 2Unit 2 rome and Motion, Page ttl pg er (i) Hence, find the value ofthe acceleration due to gravity andthe mass ofthe rolley. (3 marks) (©) Why ist the mass M used in each measurement equally spaced? (1 mark) (Fox: 15 marks) 3 A 7] a ‘Two blocks of masses 2 ky and 3 kg are placed on rough plane inlined at angle 30° to the horizontal as show inthe figure, The blocks are connected by a string. A foree F of 40 N pulls the blocks up along the plane so tha the Blocks maove with an aceleration of 1 m s* The fietions acting on te two Blocks are the (a) Draw a free body diagram to show all the forces. on the 2 kg block. @ marks) {© 2010 ines Publtng ng Kong) Lite -27- Phys Steet Key or HRDSEE 2oe Farce and Maton ag Page total (8) Find the tension inte sting, (marks) (©) Ifthe blocks are accelerated from res for $s, then the force Fis retrieved, (Find the velocity ofthe 2 kg block atthe moment he force F is retrieved (mark i) Find the toa distance travelled by the 2 kg when teaches the highest psi (6rmarks) (Tota: 1S marks) 44. ‘Twomasses m, and ms are hooked on a ting ABCD so tat the string is J) ‘xs.as shown in he figure. The system isa equilibrium. (©2010 Time Pubting ong Kon) Line -28- Psi aces Key oe HKDSEE 2(8). Show that m; mast be greater than m, (4 marks) (©) Express the tensions inthe three sections 4B, BC and CD in terms of m, ms, 8 and g respective (marks) (@) fm, = 2m, andthe tension in section BC is larger than that in section AB, show thatthe range of 8s given by j]/+|]5]. wimst| 20 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 20 aint | 40 30 | 20 10 o | =0 | -20 | 30 wim! | 447 | 301 | 263 | 224 | 20 | 24 | 203 | 301 af o 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 = fo fs ||| o | ‘Then according to the independence ofthe venical and horizontal motion, the path ofthe projectile cat be obtained as the combination ofthe two independent mations as shown inthe figure. I can be seen that the instantaneous veloties = Jv? + v,? are always tangent co the path 2, Comparing the Two Projection Angles for the Same Range ‘Consider an object projected at angle @ to the horizontal, The range ofthe projectile i given by Re #828 ere us the initial velocity 8 ofthe projectile, For the same range R, @ could have two possibilities, , and @,, as shown in the fae ch ha : Taig san28,-znaor my LA 8, = 90-8 oF 8 +8, =90° Remarks: ‘The projectile withthe smaller angle of projection would havea shorter time of ight but higher iii horizontal velocity {© 2010 Ties Poihing HongKong Lind sic Sts Key for HKDSEE 22 ret ve 0 3. Solving the Problem Simultaneously Consider an object projected at angle 6 10 the horizontal as shown in the figure. If the object is going to hit a target, chen the intial velocity u of the object must have a definite value. Lett be the time of fight. Then forthe horizontal component cost wens For the ventcal component, 1 x usin es Ege eusin (— a 2 ts —_ 2y— sun Oeas? 6 Remarks: By taking upwards as postive, y and y will be negative © cémmon Mistakes —————_________ ‘A boy swim across a river of width 200 m witha ‘uniform velocity of 2 m s" towards the south as shown, ‘in the figure. Ifthe river ie flowing witha speed of 2m" tothe eas, find the time taken faethe boy to ‘wim across the ever The student wrongly thinks that the placement across the rver Is due tthe resultant ofthe two elects, The time taken is a The flowing velocity ofthe river is perpendicular to the ‘swimming velocity of the boy. which means thay are Independent to cach othe. Therefore, the deplacement cross te rivers only duet the swimming velocity ofthe boy. {©2010 ine Fedlishing HongKong) Lind z Piss Sos Key fr HKDSEE 24 mle 3 price atin (Geampie2)) An object is projected upward a an angle 75*to the some" horizontal with an iit velocity of 30.m in the figure. Find the speed ofthe object when itis hallway up, According to the law of conservation of enero, the macinuene Weight of te chest ic given by) uso}? ‘The student wrongly thinks thet the hnetlo energy ofthe object becomes zero when it reaches th highest poston, The horizontal onsponet ofthe nity is se 3060875" hash mts coon eg ons The according to the law of conservation of nergy the toast beg ofthe objec age by. gh + jmao cos 75°} = 1 m(30¥ When he Sic in tet etc Hu 2 b= 0m ‘When the objec is halfway up, its speed is given by (© 2010 Tine Pang ing Kong) Limi Pysc Stas Key or HKDSEE 2on 2 Fore and Motion oe Page total Gao) Abas projected downvardsat an angle 10to the horizontal with an initial velocity of 10 m sas shown inthe gure he bl just passes the top edge of ant 05 slater, find the vet dstance y between he nt | and the starting position of the ball Tie distance wavelied wy the balls: 10x05= 5m ‘The student wrongly thinks that the ball travels in a straight line wth uniform veloc of 10 ms Sothe venient distance y isi 10 = 0.868 (Coneet sorution) ee ‘The vertical component of the initial velocity is y= 10 sin 10° = 1.736 ms" ‘The vertical distance travelled by the ball ic duo to tho vertical component ofthe inital velocity with @ uniform acceleration g under the action of ravi. So the vertical distance y is: 736x054! «10x05%=212m & Revision rest? ea 2. Am object is projected upwards from a mountain Jj with an inal velocity of 16 mat an angle 25° to he horizontal. Find the velocity ofthe object ater 6, (15 items, 1 mark each) ; tet A. 552ms" a Be Shams! same" 4 D. 14Sms! 4A foal seed ay ot ange 42 he ovina wth a nal velocty of 40 m3 ‘A bomb is Fired by «camon at an ante 34°10 | &4 Find he ange ofthe foal when euro the rizons whan nial vey of 48m" | the gran ss shown inte Bre. he bomb hs htt | atm To le, find te height ofthe gt rom ibe | ag rnd © aim — = ‘D. 358m 130m © om bam O (©2010 Tins Painting Hong Kon) Lined 8 Physi ices Key foc HKDSEE 2Page total 2m ‘A marble rolls off the edge of horizontal able with a velocity of Sms". she marbles hts the oor 2m away frm the spot directly below the cdg ofthe table as shown in the igure, how tll isthe able? 1.05 m 095m 08m 07m O ‘5. An object of mass m i projected upward from JJ the ground at an angle @ tothe horizontal with an inital kinetic energy of E. Find the boight of object when its kinetic energy is reduced to half ofits origina vale a. = ng a 23mg sind «. . [A player shoots a basketball at an angle 40° to the horizontal into the net as shown in the above figure. The horizontal distance and the vertical distance between the basketball and the net are 44 mand 1m respectively Find the initial velocity ofthe basketball {© 2010Times Publishing HongKong Lied Og 3. toe Nn ‘A bomber is flying horizontally at @ constant speed of 80 m = and a tank is moving at 8 constant speed of 20 m s* inthe same direction 18 the bomber as shown in the figure. When the ‘bomber is ata horizontal distanced fom the tank, releases a bomb and strike the tank, Find dif tho vertical distance between the bomber and the tank is 160 m, AL 960 BL 560m C 480m D. 340m O come A missle is fied a an elevated angle of 45° and ata speed of 400 ms". At the same ime, another mise is fred at sped of 600 m sin order to strike the first one as shown in the figure, Ifthe separation between the two launchers is 10 km, find the angle of elevation # ofthe second missile a 369° is os Oo pore Physics Stee Key or HKDSEE 29272 mers ain go %. ogg wy wae | {A player jumps up and serves a woe bal so that it moves with an initial velocity of 30 m $" as shown inthe figure. Find the maximum value of the angle @ such thatthe volleyball can just pass the net A Oe B 09s car pose O 10, Two objets 2 and Y a projected boriomaly J) ftom the tp of lift te same tne The italy velco etic fo tat of Y-Which ofthe lowing sterent aecoet? Ase th he sitesi gli (©) The horizontal seperation between two cbc comes wi ie (2) The voy of aay et that of r. (8) Thetwo obj ach he atom ofthe it arte sane tine, A. Canteeny B (anton © @antcyonly D oame) O bn, y 8 ‘A ball bearing sides down a smooth track from te top ofthe track as shown inthe above figure. “The tack sin the form ofan are of rads rand ‘he ball beating will leave the track ata height of 0.5r. Which ofthe following statements are comet? {© 200 Tine Poin Hong Kong) Lint n, I ~10- Page total (1) The eociy ofthe bal bang is v= Yar when lees the eck (2) The maximum height that the ball bearing can reich is afer it has le he tack. (G) The ball bearing will perform a projectile ‘motion after tas left the tack, A. (1) and Q) only B. (1) and) only CC. (2)and G) only D. (),2)mg@y ‘Two ball bearings are separately placed on two smooth tracks a the same height fromthe surface of table as shown inthe figure. Tack 4 has a constant slope wheres track has a decreasing slope. IFboth ball bearings are release from rest, hich ofthe following statements ite correct? (1) The 060 ball bearings have the same sped ‘when they eave the table (2) The two ball bearings will reach the floor at the same time, (©) The ball bearing on tack 4 wil land on the Aoor at a horizontal distance farther aseay rom the table, A (enly erly CG Bhonly > (.c)aee O Ps Stee Key or HKDSEE 2Page total 13. A sphere is projected horizontally witha speed of JJ Sms aba height of 6 m. How many vies wil 'G ithit the floor after 105? Assume thatthe sphere ‘makes elastic collision with the for, AL times B. Stimes C. Gsimes D. Trimes 14, A spaceship of mass 5.0 x 10 kg initially JJ. wavels slong a straight course with a speed of © 2000s" Then the spaceship fs is rocket for "seconds to adjust the couse so tat the spaceship ‘makes a turn of 02°. I the rocket gives thrust of 1.2 x 10" Natright angle to he orginal dection ofthe course find A Ls Be 2088 © 2918 D. 4538 (items) 1. A pump on a fire engine forees water ejecting through J the nozzle of a fie hos inclined at an angle of 60° tothe G_orizontal as shown inthe above figure, The maximum height reached by the waters 40m. (@) Find the speed of the waterjet just after itis ejected from the moze. © 2010 mes Publishing HongKong Lind 9 Unit 3, Projectile Motion o ‘gum aims horizotlly at a target on a wall «m away ffom the gun as shown inthe figure. Ifthe Dulles fired a a velocity w and Finally hits the ‘wall below the target, which of the following graphs best represents the relationship between h ands? A B ° . al . © D. mats) Phyo Sse Key for KDSEE 2or Fre and Main Page total () Ifthe angle ofthe hose is adjusted toa postion thatthe water is ejected toa maximum range, fnd tis maximum range @ marks) (otal 5 marks) ‘A stuntman rides on a motoreycle fying away from an inclined plane at a speed of 40m sax shown inthe figure. The plane is inclined at 30° and the length of the plane is 12m, Find the horizontal distance x m tht the stuntman has traveled when he land onthe platform Which has an altitude of 1S m fom the ground (Total 5 marks) 3. Am object is fired horizontally vay fhom the top ofa cli at speed of 45 ms as shown in the figure. 0.9 safer the object has collided the botom ofthe cliff, man at the top of the cif hears ‘he sound ofthe collision. Find the height ofthe cli if he speed cof sound is 300 ms (Total 5 marks) {©2010 Times Fusing oe Kong Lied a2 Physics Suces Ke or HKDSEE 29 ang Pro Maton Page total 4. A stone is thrown at angle of 60° 10 the horizontal at a speed of J) 8s Find he speed of the stone when itis halfway up its maxim 3 atte, (Total: 5 marks) 5. The figure shows an archer aims an arrow directly at an object J) X which iss m avay ftom the arrow head, The stow makes an {angle 8 to the horizcmal, When the arrow leaves the bow, it guns velocity of ums Show that ifthe objec all realy fom rest atte same time the arrow leaves the bow, the object could stil bbe hit by the arrow even though the arrow performs projectile ‘motion (Neglect i resistance) (a: $ racks) {©2010 Times Poin Hong Kong) Lito -13- Psi Stes Key for HKDSEEgor Force and Maton ga Page total items) 1 use at y waste. rm The length of a squash cour is 9.75 m. A player strikes the ball ata eight of 2m and ata distance of 7m from the wall as shown in the above figure. The ball leaves th racket at an angle 11° othe horizontal and speed of 30m. (Neglect air resistance) (@) Find the height ofthe ball when it he wall (4 marks) (©) Find the spec ofthe ball and the angle of incidence when it hits the wal, (marks) (©2010 Tims Puig (Hong Kon) Limite oa Phys Sues Key for IRDSEE2ot 3a in ly Page total (©) 1ethe ball rebounds from the wall with an 85% loss of kincic energy, find the speed ofthe ball when it touches the ground the firs time, State any assumption made in finding the speed of the ball (mais) (Total: 15 marks) ‘An object is released from rest a the top ofa smooth tack as shown inthe figure, The object then projects vay from the track at point at angle 30° to the horizontal. When the abject leaves the tack, the object has fallen by 1.25 m, (2) Find the spood ofthe object when i leaves the track. (@ marks) (© 2010 Ties Pishing ong Kong) Lind -18- sc Sues Key for UKDSEE 2R22 cc ant en 90 Page total () If point Ais at an atitade of 3.6 m from the ground and the length of the inclined plan fom ‘the point directly below tothe bottom ofthe plane is 6 mas shown @ Find the height of the object fom the ground when treaches the highest position, (3 marks) (Determine whather the object wil ist land on te incline plane o the horizontal ‘round, (4 marks) Gi) Hence, find the poston where the object ity Inds. (6 marks) (Total 15 mats) 3. Ima basketball match, Kobe tes to shoot a basketball tones Jj Shrough a net which is 3m above the ground, When the {ball Jeaves his hand the sped ofthe ball is 10 m sata projection angle of 6 10 the horizontal. Als, the ball i at ‘height of 25 m from the ground and is 4 m horizontally aay from the net as shown inthe igure (© 2010 Tins Politi (HongKong Lid -16- Pais Sues Key for HKDSEE2rit, roe nton Page total (4) Find all possible time of ight ofthe ball when it reaches the nt. (6 marks) (©) Find at possible values of @ inorder that the all wil shoot through the net (4 marks) (©) O'Neal is standing in front of Kobe and trying to sop Kobe's shooting. The highest point that O'Neal's fingers ean reach is 3.5 m from the ground and is 2.3 min font of the positon where Kobe shoots the bull as shown inthe figure, Do you think O'Neal can block the shooting if Kobe has made the shooting with the smaller angle of projection obtained in (by? (Smarks) (Total: 15 marks) ©2010 Times ung on Kon) Lined “te Physi Soc Rey ir HKDSEE 2orn een ° Page total osm ‘A teas bal, 08 m above the ground i hit by a player such that it es away a angle @ to the horizontal with speed of 30 m sas shown inthe igure. (Find the minimum vale of @ so that the tenis ball can just ross over the net which as a bright of tm (marks) ‘Use te value of @ found in (a) forthe following pats. () After passing the net, the tenis ball hits the ground at a distance xm from the nt as shown Find mass) (©) The tons ball rebounds ffom the ground in sucha way tat the magnitude ofthe vertical speed is reduced 10 70% of is value just before hitting te ground. (@ Find the speed ofthe ball when it rebounds Som the ground. @ marks) (©2010 Times Pais (Hong Kong) Led -18- Psi Stee Key for HKDSEE 2° CHK Price etn $e Page total (ll) 0.5 seconds afer the rebound of the ball, another player hits the ball back. Find the hight ofthe all while is boing hit again masks) (val 15 mats) =; item) 1.) bey test tw a stot an ple on we. The Jy” bey erat sii incon tw eed entre wy te one with sped vat nang of prin Othe ie shown ini) Fata) (© Show that its not possible for he stone to hit the apple for any finite values of (Smarts) (How should the boy throw the stone inorder ot the apple? Sketch the corresponding Path ofthe stone in Fig (2) G marks) (©2010 Times Ping Hane Kon Lind -19- Pisce Suse Ke or HKDSEE 2Page total Fab) ‘The motion ofa projectile is recorded by a stroboscope and Fig. (b) shows the typical stroboscopic photograph thus obtined. {@)_Deserbe how the soboscope works (marks) (i) Describe how the stroboscopic photograph can be used to show thatthe horizomtal ‘motion ofthe projectile i uniform, marks) (i) Desert how the strsbascope photograph canbe use to show thatthe vertical motion of te projectile is unde the action of gravity. @ marks) (Total 15 mas) (©2010 Times Pubiing (tong Kong) Limited 20- ‘Ps Sen Key fr HKDSEE2Physics Success Key for HKDSEE 2 Work, Energy and Power @ Examination Analysis Past Examination Paper Analysis, Examination Trend .. © Useful Formulae “© Examination Scoring Techniques © Common Mistakes @ Revision Test Multiple-choice Questions Short Questions ..sseee Structured Questions Essays... Name: Class : Date “ua mars$2 ert nt 0 Qe ghamination anatysis Past Examination Paper Analysis (a) Multiple-chotce Questions TKCEE RAL ‘opie Year | Paper [Question No. Year | Paper | Question No, Mechanical work 2001 | IL wo | 2005 | ma | 27,40 2005 | 4a 5 ‘Gaviatonal poten energy 1 | ° eo Winetc energy moor | | 200 | tA é «© 2006 | wa] 3.5 | 2001 | ua 39 2007 | 6 a Law of conservation of 2003 | 2 19 | @ nergy 2005 | _TA 6 2003 [A 6 2007 [mA + 2004 | WA 2 200s [wae | 828 | 2006 | ua | 3.45 Power 2008 [tl 2 2006 | a a 2007 |B aL 2008 [HA 3 (b) Short Questions / Structured Questions ‘Year | Paper | Question No. | Marks ‘Content, 1999 | CE 300) | 3 maths | tneconversion of PE and KE Paper i 2000 | ce 3 | Faris | Find PE and KE and describe the energy change Paper noo |e 1 | Smarts | tmerconversion of PEand KE and nd the KE ofa Paper ta bat 2002 [at | tba) | 2 marks | Find the work done ona voolbox Paper 1B 1 200 Tins Pulshing Hong Kong Limi Piss Stes Key or HKDSEE 2eg Ak Eyal fl ‘Year | Paper | Question No. | Marks: LeaPD eqpehess 2003 | cE 36@) | 2marks | Find the change of KE of al Paper 1A 2004 | cE | 70,0. | 14 | ete KE and omputpower ofa car The ladonship Paper 1B saris | beeen power and energy change for sca ring uphill Deserbe the energy change of car while the carisbrakng Apply the lation "work done aginst 200s |e 2 | Amar | Find the PE ofa diver oper tA 2005 | ce | 0b,(0,(@ | swans | Find PE and KE and account frie diference. Paper tA 2006 [aL 1a) | 2s | Enimae the powerinpu ia wobine Paper ta n007 |e 96 | Srmasks | Work done = KE change. Paper 18 2008 | cE 1a) | Yom | Find he PE gain of barbell Paper ta 2008 | CE | _2e000, | Sima | Find the power and the kinetic energy of bon. Als, reper ta | 0.009 apply the relation “work done against fiction = KE lst (©) Essays ea eses ee _ eae 1999 | aL 106) | mars | Descabe an experiment oivesignt the Paper dependence ofthe stopping distance ofa vehicle on its nal KE under the action ofa constant eisive ee 3003 | AL | Wax, | mars | Show ha work done = energy tnsfened Find the Paper IB net work done on an object nd discs the eflets ofthe airressance and uphmst onthe final speed ofthe objet when i fallback othe stating pon. “The concept of conservation of total mechanical ener: {©2010 Times Pasig Hon Kong) Limi nae Physic Sues Key or HRDSEE 2on Force and Motion oe Examination Trend (a) The concept of work done: “work done = energy transfersed” () Use the concep of work done to show that KE = + mv! and PE= mg (©) Describe the energy change of motion and account forthe energy difference between two instants. (@) Imer-conversion of PE and KE without or with energy loss due to friction or other resistive forces, 6g. atroley running down a rough inclined plane, the up and down ofa roller coaster. (©) The ference berween average power P= © and instantaneous power P= (The diference berween useful output power and the total power of a machine. 2 isetut Formutae= 1. Work done by force ay parallel to displacement Wers (W: work done, F= force, s = displacement) 2. Work dane by force making av angle with displacement o 3. Kinetic energy KE Kee Lin? 2 «xt inti energy, m = mass, v= velocity) (©2010 Tinos Pbising Hone Kon) Lied oa ‘Phi Secs ey fr IKDSEE2oir, Era ent oe ly 4. Potensial energy PE PE=mgh (PE = potential energy, h = height) 5. Imerconversion of PE and | PE + KE = constant KE without frictional or | or resistive loss PE loss (gain CF gain (oss) 6. Inter-conversion of PE | PE loss = KE guin+ W; and KE with frictional or | or resistive loss KE loss = PE gain + Wy PE + KE+ W)=constant (W;= work done against fition or resistance) 7 Power peMak (P= power, W = work done, E= energy wansfered, (= time taken) ‘8. Power developed bya ee driving force [aj-- F power, F= force, v= velocity) P=Fveoso (= angle berween F and v) Remarks: ‘The power obtained from the above formula isthe instantaneous power developed by the force F while mass m is moving with an Instantaneous velocity v. (©2010 Ties Fblisting ons Kons) Lint Ps Suc Ky or HKDSEE 2on Face and Moto os &Famination Scoring Techniques ———————__ 1. Applying the Concept ‘Work Done = Energy Transferred’ Ie ther is no energy los due to friction or resistance, then the work done by an applied force will ese the mechanical energy ofthe abject oe increased by the sme amount asthe work done, For example, when an object on a smooth inclined plane is pushed upwards from rest by a force Fas shown in the figure above, the mechanical energy change of te object canbe obtained as s= KE gain + PE gain wheres isthe distance travelled by the object along the plane. Hence Fe= Lo mgh= Lin? + mgs sin the inclined plane is rough and the friction between the object andthe plane i then the above relationship becomes Fs= Lm? +mgssin@ + fs Fe= Ln? smgssind + 2. Using KE Changed to Find the Net Force ‘The kinetic energy gain or loss ofan object must be due tothe work done by the met force acting on the abject. te Fe me 2 Remarks ‘Swudenis should be abe 1 tell che diference between the 190 forces F ofthe above two stations I the first situation, F is he applied force causing both PE and KE tobe increased. But in the second situation, F isthe net force causing just the KE tobe changed. {©2010 Times Poling ong Kong) Lined <6 Psi Sues Key or HKDSEE 24 {© 2010 Tes Plog ng Kong) Lind 6 2 Ak Ey ant a ly Applying the Law of Conservation of Energy If only mechanical energy change is involved in 2 mation, then the kinetie eneegy increases with the decreasing potential energy o vce vest. For example, when an object i sliding down a smooth inclined plane with inital velocity w and final velocity vas shown inthe figure, then the inter-conversion of PE and KE is KE gun = PEL nat =2gh the inclined plane is rough and the friction between the object and the plane is f, then the above relationship becomes KE gain + W;= PE loss (inere W; is the work done against rcton) 1 2 1 smu’ + fs = mgh Fr 056 =a Lan — 2 x (ng sin 8s ‘The term (mg sin 6 ~ in the above relationship is in fact the net foree acting on the objec. Using ‘Useful’ Energy Transferred to Find ‘Useful’ Output Power tn working out the wel power of devi, sues should deny the pup of the devi i and then ask what he sell energy tase i For example ning pasenger ni the ful energy tansferedisthe pote nergy am ofthe passengers no ncing dhe pet energy gun fhe ito ihe nei energy change dung he moveret Let Mb the ttl mas the pasengrin thet and be the eight that th Tf Ras moved pint seconds. Ten the wf output power ofthe pM Ps See Ky for DSS 2$92 cent ator 90 x & ¢émmon Mistakes ———______ ‘An object of 2 kg slides down a smooth curved path fom a height of 10m as shown in the Figure. Find the work done by the reaction force acting an the object by the path when the objet reaches the bottom of the path. Analysis The student wrongly thinks thatthe change of the potenti energy ofthe ject is due to the work done by the normal are aetna con the abject by the path Since the path is smooth, the force acting onthe objet bythe path only the normal eto, The _work done by this fore i zero because itis always perpendicular othe path {© 210 Tes Potshing HongKong Lite’ Phys SocesKey for RDSEE2% mE wart, Emoy and ae ie (Biatio'e2)) ‘diver of mass 60 kg jump into water with an intial velocity of 20 a and then reaches a depth of 3m Find the water resistance ating onthe diver mest onde = 3m ‘This student simply uses the formu te find the force without knawing that the force found by the KE change is the net foree acing on the object, ‘Student may forget thet besides KE lo, thore is aso PE loss nthe motion. mr eee ee Few Lan? Laat 2 2 a “is Wark he Wy te wer rabletonel eilieesl ven fea vat elec ued uid Paarortica creel Wr PEloss + KE foes Fx3= 2 x60x0'- 1 60% 20% 60% 1063) 2 2 F=-4600N The water resistance is 4 600 N. Game) ‘An elecrial toy car of mass 0.5 kg accelerates from rest to 20 ms ‘uit power ofthe toy cr. in 5 seconds, Find the average useful ° =tms or The average driving forces The student simply uses the formula {find the power without knowing that the power thus found is the instantans wer of the tay tar. The velocity that he found is Instantaneous velocity (ial velocity) ofthe toy ear, “The average useful output power is x20 ow. mvt 1 mu = 4 0.5 x20" = 100) am yma Hence, the average useful outpat powers pa KEpan , 190 sow KE gain = In this problem, the average usofl ‘output power should be found by using Is definition that isthe useful nergy transferred pee unit second 1 2010 Tine Pbliing ong Kong Lite Pic Stns Ky for HKDSEE209272 reat na ge & revision testy EST Oiony (25 tems, 1 mark each) 1. An object of mass 2 kg is accelerated by a J resultant force of 10 N from ret Find the work done bythe force afer $s. AL 100s Bm 2507 © 5007 D. as) 2A parachutist of total mass 100 kg falls with a J constant velocity of 2 ms". Find the work done bya resistance after he as fallen by 250 m. A or B. 125000) © 2500005 D. 5000005 UJ a am w ‘A man pull 2 suitcase up along an inlined road 4 shown inthe igre. The rad inclined a 20° to the horizontal and the sutease ised by 30° to the road as shown. IF the pulling fore is 400 N, find the work done by the force afar the suitcase hasbeen moved by 100 m along the road AL M600 B. 306001 © 287003, D. 200003 {©2010 Tims Poin tog Kong Lind wy y -10- Page total AS N force is applied on a trolley of mass (0.5 kg so hat it moves with uniform velocity of 11m. Find the work dane by the resultant force er 10s, A or Bass c su D. 1005 oz ‘The string ofa pendulum is displaced by an angle 20° tothe vertical and thea released from rest With the string tut as shown in the figure, The length of tho string is I'm and the mass ofthe ‘pendulum bob is 0.2 ke Find the total work done by the tension in the string (W;) and the total ‘work done by the gravitational force oa the bob (7) when ic reaches the lowest position. we Me A or ons B ous 0123 « or oy D ous os A pedaling cyclist uses 4 dynamo to switch on his bicycle’ lamp. Which of the folowing is the correct sequence of energy change taking place? ‘A. chemical, kine, eloctcal, light B. kinetic, chemical, electrical, tight C._Kinotc, electrical, chemical, ight chemical, electrical, kinetic, ight ys Stoces Key for RDS: 2Page total 7. A bucket of water of total weight 160 N is palled from a well of depth 8 m to the ground. Find the total potential eneray gain ofthe bucket of wate. A. 2005 B. 12803 c. 64003 D. 128005 8A ball ofmass 1.2 kg falls freely fom rest under J gravity. Find the potential energy change ofthe ball after A 0) B 4807 © 9603 D, 24005 9, raindrop falls fom a height of 10 000 Find J) te maximum temperature change of the eaidrop ‘when it hits the ground. (Specific heat capacity of swater=4200 1 kg*C) A 28 BC cc D. Cannot be determined 10, A car of mass 1 500 kg i driven by a resultant force of $ 000 N for 3. IF the initial velocity of the car is 4m 5, find the kinetic energy gain of the car. AL 625% 10°F B. 135% 10'F © 12x10 D. 6x10'y {© 2010 mes Publiiog ong Kong Lites un ys n wy 1m y Unde Wor Erg and Power ‘Two objects 4 and B of masses m and 2m respectively are acted upon by two different resultant forees of magnitude F and 3F respectively for the same period of time. IF bth objects are accelerated from rest, find the rato of. the kinetic energy gin oft that of B A 2:9 Bo aa D2 A ball of mass 0.5 kg falls freely from rest and bits the ground witha velocity of 12 m ¢ and then bounces up to a maximum height of $m. Find the kinetic energy loss ofthe ball during the lampct withthe ground A 36) Bou © 25) pW - A constant fore acts on an object of mass 3 kg for a period of time so that the velocity ofthe ‘object changes from $ ms" to 8 ms" Find the ‘inimum work done by the fore A 585) B. 905 © urs O A machine gun bullet of mass 0.1 kg shoots through wooden block an is yeloity reduces fiom 900 met $60 ms" Ifa number of ‘Mentieal wooden books are used t0 stop the bolt ind the Kinet ery ls ofthe ult in the ast woden beck. A. 203 B00) c. 1703 p. 35201 D. Cant be determined Oo Phe So Key fer HIKDSEE 2‘A bearing is released fom rest atthe top of @ smooth semi-circular track as shown in the Figure. ‘Which of the following graphs best shows the change ofthe kinetic energy KE of tho beating with te angular displacement AK BK et _i,, “ ce v. W e__\.4 « 16, w Gy ‘A tack consists of two sections at shown inthe figure. Seetion 4B is a quadzant of a smooth ‘ireular track and section BC is a rough horizontal track. A ball is oleasod from rest atthe top of AB and finally stops somewhere along BC. Which of ‘he following graphs best shows the change of the kinetic energy KE ofthe hall asa funeton of the distance traveled sby the ball? (©2010 Tine uising Hoag Kon) Lined +n Awe oes a c Men » We i A block slide down an inlined plane with ‘constant velocity v as shown in the figure. Which of the following graphs best describes the ‘aration ofthe kinetic energy KE of the block With its potential energy PE during the downward ‘motion? Py Succes Key oe HKDSEE 2Page total Pe Pe 18, I ‘wo blocks A and # of masses m and 2m rexpectvely drop fiom res atthe same bight Bick 4 falls fely under savy and Wook B slides down a smooth inclined plane a8 shown inthe figure. Which of he following semen. About he two loks var co? (0) Bloke hae sate ped when it reaches the groan. (2) Bloc As the same potential energy oss astlock B when they each the ground (9) Block 4 takes shorter ime f0 reach the around (only G)only y Cand ony and yen D0 », y Tie SOR {©2010 Tine Pubising (HongKong) Limited -13- a. lt wir, tra on Po ‘A block is placed on a rough inlined plane shown in the figure. The Bock is given a push zo that it moves upwards with an nial speed 2 poston P. The block then moves downards ser it has reached he highest poston, Which the fellowig statement are cores? (0) The block attains a smaller speed than when ictus to poionP (2) The Block takes shorter time from P to the highest postion than fom the highest postion retrain oP. (0) The kinetic energy les ofthe Hock during ‘be upward matin i qu ote werk one again ton (enty G)oaly () and) onty @)and ) only O Which ofthe following proceses involve(s) an average power consumption of 2 000 W? (1) An athlete of mass 80 kg accelerates from restto 10ms* ins 2) Aman applies & 1 000 N horizontal force ‘on a trolley so that it moves with a constant velocity of2m son a level road, (@) An escalator raises pasengers of total mass 400 kg by 8 vertical distance of Sm in 10. (only {@)only (1) and Q) only (2) and G) only A water rocket accelerates upwards s tat it an reach a maximum height of 45 min 0.05 5. I the ‘mass ofthe water rockets 0.2 kg, fad its averaze ‘output power. A 1800W B. 900W cc. 4s0w D. 30W pope pore Piss Soces Key fer HKDSEE 2oe Force and Motion oa 2. um y ‘Stone is ase from the botom of a clifPby using 4 cradle as shown inthe figure. The drum rotates 1.5 revolutions every second and the diameter of ‘the drum is 40 em. I the total mas ofthe stone is 400 kg, Find the average output power ofthe ram, A 7s40W B 00W c 4s0w Dv. ow ws ‘A man pulls a suitease of mass m yp along an Inlined road a shown in the figure. The road Inclined at an angle 9 tothe horizontal and the suitease is tilted by an angle 8 to the road as shown, Ifthe pulling force is F and the sutease moves with a uniform velocity of along the ‘oad, find the average output power of the man in palling up the suitcase. AL Frese Be Fve0s (0+ 9) C.Fveas 0+ me sing DL Fvsind + mv cos O {© 2010Tines Pisin ong Kong Lind oe A sonal object slides down from rest at the top ‘of a smooth inclined track and then slides along rough horizontal wack a8 shown in the figure ‘his the height of the tack and sis the horizontal distance travelled by the object when it comes to 4 stop. Which ofthe following graphs best represents the relationship between hand? A > | ww fh Xmen Objet 4 of mass (05 kg is released fom rest at the top of 30° smooth ncn plane as shown in Fig (@, Object B of mass 0.08 kg is leased from rest at the tp of 45° smooth inclined plane as shown in Fig, (0) Bot planes have the same height ‘b. Which of the following statements ite coment? (1) Both objects have the same speed wien they seach te botoms ofthe inlined panes. 14 and ate the time taken for object and B to reach the bottoms of the planes respectively then 1:1" 42-3. ‘The kinetic energy gain of object Ais qual to tat of objec (only @yonly ‘and Q) only (@)and (3) only ss Stee Key ar KDSEE 2 ® poResy Unit A wiork Ener de Page total BHAA ¢ (7htems) 1. An abject of mass m is placed ona rough inclined plane with an inclination of @ and is pulled upwards by a J) force F along the plane a8 shown inthe flowing igure, (a) Label al the forces ating onthe block onthe above figure an state what the forces ae, (I mark) (0) Ifm=2 kg, 0~ 30%, = 25 N and the fictional force between the Blok and the plane is {N; ind the work done on the block by al the forces labelled in (a) fora distance of 31m along the plane. (marks) (Total: 5 marks) 2. A boy pulls up a Bock rom the ground to 8 height of 6 m J slong an inetined plane as shown in the figure. The length ofthe inclined plane is 10 m and the mass ofthe Block is 200 kg. The block moves witha uniform velocity and the friction botween the block and the plane is $00 N, (a) Find the total work done bythe feton on the Block. (marks) {©2010 Times Fulishing ong Kong Lin -18- Ps Sues Key or HKDSEE?$9272 seeming Page total (@) Find the gain in potential energy ofthe block @ marks) (©) Find the total work done bythe tension in the string on the block. (1 mack (Tova: S marks) 3, A suntan of mass 80 kg jumps out of a lif from rest and reaches a speed of 30m safer fling a verical J distance of 60m. (@) Find the stanan's (© es of gravitational potential energy, (marty gain in kinetic energy. (mack (©) Find the air esistance acting onthe stuntman while he was fling State any assumption(s) ‘made in nding the answer @ marks) (ova: $ marks) 4. An object of mass 2 kg is thrown up along an inclined plane of inclination 30° with a inital velocity of J 2rs" the tctonal fore between the object and he plane is 5 N, find the distance travelled by the objest ‘lng the plane jut before it slides back (sal: 5 marks) {A simple pendulum of eng 1 mis displaced toward the right with an angle J 60° tothe vertical as shown in the figure. The pendulum is then released from rest. Ifthe mass ofthe bob is 0.5 kg, find oske {© 2010TimesPobliting ong Kong) Lined -16- Physi Stes Key for HRDSEE 2o tnit 4 wi wr and Powe fe Page total (@) the kinetic energy ofthe bob when it reaches the lowest postion, (G marks) (8) the work done bythe tension in the string on the bob (marks) (Coal: $ marks) 6 A concrete block is being lied vertically a a constant speed of 0.8 m shy a cable attached 10 crane. The J mass ofthe concrete block is 800k. The block is ited from the ground toa height of h in 30 (@) Find (1 mark (©) Find he gain in pont energy ofthe block 2 marks) (©) Find the average usefil output power of the crane. 2 marks) (Tova: $ marks) 7.) Acarotmass2 000g acetates ifomly fom est ton speedo 1S m5in351¢ J sorsofte ouput energy of he ais uso ners it inser, dhe average utp power oft ex. mats) {©2010 Times Pasig (Hong Kong) Lined <1 Ps Soo Key fr HKDSEE 2ER Foret na 90 Page total () ‘The driving force ating on th cars 6 000 N when the car moves a a constant speod of 1S'm', Find the average useful ousput power ofthe car when it moves with this eonstant speed. marks) (Tora: 5 marks) ESUETEEETTGtestions ¢ (Sitems) 1, (@) A block projected from a point Pon a rough, horizontal plane as shown in Fig.) y Fate) “Theblockdevslerates under the influence ofa constant fictional fore fand eventually comes to res Draw the fee-bdy diagram ofthe block while iti moving along the plane. @ marks) © 2010 Tine Publtng HongKong) Lint Pac Soc Key fer RDSEE2