Delta College International School Science Department

British section Year 7

Sound
Sound is Waves of vibration
Why do we hear a sound ? Because particles vibrate

We measure the sound by Sound Level Meter

The measuring unit of sound is Decibel

Sound travels the best in (solid materials , then liquid materials, then gas
materials)

We cannot hear a sound through vacuum, because there is no particles in

Vacuum, so waves cannot travel.
Sound can change in

Volume Pitch
It’s the loudness or quietness It’s the high note or low note
of sound of sound
Loud note or quiet note High note or low note
MS. Aya ELGayar 1
Delta College International School Science Department
British section Year 7

Musical instruments make different sounds

There are 3 types of Musical instruments, they make sound by:
String instrument Skin instrument Wind instrument

By plucking the string By hitting the skin By blowing the air

Such as: Such as: Drums Such as:

Guitar , Violin Flute , recorder

Sound can change in Volume by:

String instrument Skin instrument Wind instrument

Hit the skin harder Blow the air harder

Pluck the string
or or
harder or
Hit the skin softer blow the air softer
Pluck the string
softer

Guitar , Guitar ,

Guitar ,

MS. Aya ELGayar 2

Delta College International School Science Department
British section Year 7

Sound can change in Pitch by:

To have a high-pitched sound

String instrument Skin instrument Wind instrument

1) Short string Shortest instrument

Small Skin
2) Tight string =shortest air column

3) Thin string

To have a Low-pitched sound

String instrument Skin instrument Wind instrument

1) Long string Longest instrument =

Large Skin
2) Loose string Longest air column

3) Thick string

Let’s see:

High-pitched
sound

Low-pitched High-pitched
Low-pitched
sound sound
sound

MS. Aya ELGayar 3

Delta College International School Science Department
British section Year 7

Note: the Large instrument makes a Low-pitched sound

the small instrument makes a High-pitched sound

Lowest pitch
Highest pitch

Questions:

1) What is sound?
2) What’s the tool that you use to measure the sound?
3) How could you make the drum louder?
4) How could you make the drum high in pitch?
5) What is the measuring unit of sound?
6) How could you make the drum low in pitch?
7) How could you make the violin soft in its sound?
8) What is the material that sounds cannot travel through?
9) What is the best material that sounds can travel?
10) Why do you hear a sound when you knock on the door?

MS. Aya ELGayar 4

Delta College International School Science Department
British section Year 7

Oscilloscope:
is a type of instruments that graphically
displays varying electrical voltages as a
two-dimensional plot of one or more
signals as a function of time.
The main purposes are to display single
waveforms on the screen
Frequency Amplitude
Amplitude = Volume
Frequency = Pitch
The strength of sound waves
The lower the frequency, the
(transmitted vibrations), which we
fewer the oscillations.
perceive as loudness or volume.
High frequencies produce more
Amplitude is measured in decibels
oscillations(waves).
(dB)

MS. Aya ELGayar 5

Delta College International School Science Department
British section Year 7

Test yourself
1

MS. Aya ELGayar 6

Delta College International School Science Department
British section Year 7

MS. Aya ELGayar 7

Delta College International School Science Department
British section Year 7

MS. Aya ELGayar 8

Delta College International School Science Department
British section Year 7

MS. Aya ELGayar 9

Delta College International School Science Department
British section Year 7

MS. Aya ELGayar 10