Exercise

1- Experiment: Toss a coin four times. Observe the number of heads. The possible results are: zero
heads, one head, two heads, and three heads. What is the probability distribution for the
number of heads?
2-

3- Find the expected value ,variance and standard deviation of the given discrete
probability distribution below.

x 0 1 2 3 4

P(X = x) 0.44 0.36 0.15 0.04 0.01

4- A fair coin is tossed twice. Let X be the number of heads that are observed.

a) Construct the probability distribution of X.

b) Find the probability that at least one head is observed
5- A lot of 700 semiconductor chips contains 40 that are defective. Two chips are selected at
random, without replacement, from the lot.
(a) What is the probability that the first one selected is defective?
(b) What is the probability that the second one selected is defective given that the first one
was
defective?
(c) What is the probability that both are defective?

6- A bag contains 18 red balls, 4 green, and 10 yellow balls. A ball is drawn at random from the bag
and it is found not to be one of the red balls. What is the probability that it is a green ball?

7- A student buys 400 chips from supplier A, 200 chips from supplier B, and 100 chips from supplier
C. He tested the chips and found that the probability that a chip is defective depends on the
supplier from where it was bought. Specifically, given that a chip came from supplier A, the
probability that it is defective is 0.33 given that a chip came from supplier B, the probability that
it is defective is 0.17; and given that a chip came from supplier C, the probability that it is
defective is 0.5, given that a randomly selected chip is defective, what is the probability that it
came from supplier C?

8- A mechanical system consists of two components. Component 1 has reliability (probability of

not failing) 0 .87 and component 2 has reliability 0 .96. If the system can function only if both
components function, what is the reliability of the system?