Blow room-3-1

Basic operations of Blow Room:

1. Opening:
a) To open the compressed bales of fibres.

b) To make the cotton tuft a small size as far as possible. Tuft (Flock)
weight can be reduced to about 0.1 mg in the blow room.

2. Cleaning: To remove the dirt, dust, broken seeds, broken leaf, stalks and
other foreign materials from the fibres.
3. Mixing or Blending:
To make good quality yarn to decrease the production cost by mixing
different grade fibres.
4. Even feed of material to the card:
The blow room must ensure that raw material is evenly delivered
to the card.
This is carried out by means of precisely weighed laps from the
scutcher.
It is also done by automatic flock feeding system (chute feed
system).
The actions of the machines in any blow room:
They fall into one or more of four main groups, namely -
1. The action of opposing spikes: (Opening)
By this action, the large pieces of cottons is reduced in smaller
size.
2. The action of air current: (Transport and cleaning)
During processing, the movement of cotton from machine to
machine is done by air current. It also helps the separation of lint and
trash.
3. The action of beaters: (Cleaning and Opening)
Beaters are responsible for removing almost all of the impurities
extracted in the blow room. Beater also helps in opening of cotton
fibre.
Beaters can be divided into three groups:
i. Those beaters strike the cotton while it is held by a spike.
ii. Those beaters strike the cotton while it is being carried by an air
current.

iii. Those beaters strike the cotton while it is held by a pair of feed
rollers or pedal and pedal-roller.
4. The regulating action: (Uniform output)
• This action is responsible for maintaining a constant flow of cotton
through each machine and controlling over the regularity of the material
throughout the whole process.
• The correct amount of cotton in hoppers can be maintained by the use of
mechanical or electrical instruments. Examples: i. Swing door
(mechanical), ii. Photo electric cell (electrical).
i. Swing door:
Usually located in hopper feeder machine. 3/4th portion of chamber
remain filled up with material. If chamber is filled up with more than
3/4th portion then short lever touches with micro switch and feed
supplier machine becomes stop.
ii. Photo- cell:
When fibre is filled up to the light source, then light can not pass
through to the photo electric cell. As a result photocell will be
activated (photocell is connected with feed supplier machine) and it
allows the feed supplier machine to stop.