MICP WEEK 14 ASCARIS LUMBRICOIDES

 OTHER NAME: GIANT ROUNDWORM (LARGE INTESTINAL

NEMATHELMINTHES ROUNDWORM)
(NEMATODES / ROUNDWORMS)

MORPHOLOGY
 UNSEGMENTED, BILATERALLY SYMMETRICAL WORMS
WITH CYLINDRICAL BODIES THAT ARE ELONGATED

 MODE OF TRANSMISSION
 INGESTION OF EGGS

 WITH COMPLETE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM - WITH MOUTH

AND ANUS
 BODY COVERING - CUTICLE
 SEPARATE SEXES - FEMALE LONGER

 HABITAT
 SMALL INTESTINE

 MIGRATING OF LARVA

 STAGES IN LIFE CYCLE

 DISEASE: ASCARIASIS
 SOIL REQUIREMENT: WARM, MOIST SOIL  LARVAE MIGRATE TO LUNG
 CAUSES PNEUMONIA OR ASTHMA-LIKE SYMPTOMS
2 TYPES OF NEMATODES
1. INTESTINAL NEMATODES
 ASCARIS LUMBRICOIDES
 ENTEROBIUS VERMICULARIS
 TRICHURIS TRICHIURA
 ANCYLOSTOMA DUODENALE & NECATOR AMERICANUS
 STRONGYLOIDES STERCORALIS
 CAPILLARIA PHILIPPINENSIS

2. BLOOD AND TISSUE NEMATODES

 WUCHERERIA BANCROFTI & BRUGIA MALAYI
 TRICHINELLA SPIRALIS
JASMINE ROSE ESPINAS
 COMPLICATION
 INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION, APPENDICITIS,  DIAGNOSIS
PERITONITIS  SCOTCH TAPE TEST
 PRIMARY SYMPTOM: PRURITUS IN PERIANAL AREA
INTESTINAL ASCARIASIS  RISK FACTOR: POVERTY, EATING WITHOUT WASHING
 ADULT WORM USUALLY CAUSE NO ACUTE SYMPTOMS HANDS
 CHILDREN:
 INTERMITTENT COLICKY
 LOSS OF APPETITE
 ABDOMINAL DISTENSION
 MALNUTRITION
 IMPAIRMENT OF GROWTH, STUNTED GROWTH
 THE LIPS OF ASCARIS LUMBRICOIDES
 THE THREE LIPS ARE SEEN AT THE ANTERIOR END TRICHURIS TRICHIURA
 THE MARGIN OF EACH LIP IS LINED WITH MINUTE  OTHER NAME: WHIPWORM
TEETH

 SOURCE OF INFECTION: SOIL-TRANSMITTED

HELMINTHES
ENTEROBIOUS VERMICULARIS  MODE OF TRANSMISSION: INGESTION
 OTHER NAME: PINWORM OR SEATWORM  PORTAL OF ENTRY: MOUTH

 HABITAT
 LARGE INTESTINE - ATTACHED
 2 - 13 MM
 HABITAT
 CECUM OF LARGE INTESTINE, APPENDIX, AND
ASCENDING COLON
 LAY UP TO 15,000 EGGS AT NIGHT

 DISEASE: TRICHURIASIS
 ASYMPTOMATIC
 HEAVY WORM INFECTION LEADS TO RECTAL
 MODE OF TRANSMISSION PROLAPSE DUE TO IRRITATION AND STRAINING
 INGESTION AND AUTOINFECTION DURING DEFECATION
 DISEASE: PINWORM INFECTION / ENTEROBIASIS
 RARELY CAUSES ANY SERIOUS PHYSICAL PROBLEMS
EXCEPT FOR THE MAIN SYMPTOM, WHICH IS
SEVERE RECTAL ITCHING
JASMINE ROSE ESPINAS
  HABITAT
 SMALL INTESTINE

 DISEASE: STRONGYLOIDES
 OTHER NAME: COCHIN-CHINA
DI

HOOKWORM A
RRHEA
2 TYPES OF HOOKWORM  PNEMONITIS, IN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED
 ANCYLOSTOMA DUODENALE DISSEMINATE TO CAUSE MENINGITIS, PERITONITIS,
 OTHER NAME: OLD WORLD HOOKWORM ENDOCARDITIS
 NECATOR AMERICANUS
 OTHER NAME: NEW WORLD HOOKWORM

WUCHERERIA BANCROFTI & BRUGIA MALAYI

 PRESENT IN MOIST SOIL
 MODE OF TRANSMISSION
 BOTH PENETRATES SKIN
 DISEASE: HOOKWORM INFECTION
 THRU BLOOD TRAVELS LUNG, TRACHEA THEN
SWALLOWED
 IN SI, ATTACH TO THE WALL WITH THEIR CUTTING
PLATES (NECATOR) OR TEETH (ANCYLOSTOMA)
 LEADS TO PNEUMONIA-LIKE SYMPTOM; MICROCYTIC,
HYPOCHROMIC ANEMIA

STRONGYLOIDES STERCORALIS
 MODE OF TRANSMISSION
 MOSQUITO BITES
 INFECTED AEDES, ANOPHELES AND MANSONIA
MOSQUITOS
 DISEASE: FILARIASIS
 OTHER NAME: ELEPHANTIASIS
 REPEATED INFLAMMATORY EPISODES LEADS TO
 MODE OF TRANSMISSION LYMPHATIC OBSTRUCTION & EDEMA, FIBROSIS OF
 SKIN PENETRATION OF LARVA & AUTOINFECTION LEGS/GENITALIA, HARDEN, LOSS OF ELASTICITY

TRICHINELLA SPIRALIS
 MODE OF TRANSMISSION
 INGESTION OF ANIMAL MEAT INFECTED WITH
PATHOGENIC CYSTS (UNDERCOOKED)
 DISEASE: TRICHINOSIS
JASMINE ROSE ESPINAS
 LARVAE MIGRATION TREMATODES
 INTESTINE, BLOOD, LYMPH, MUSCLE AND MUSCLE  OTHER NAMES: FLUKE / FLAT WORM
INVASION MORPHOLOGY
 CAUSING MYALGIA (MUSCLE PAIN)  LEAFLET-SHAPED WORMS
 SMALLEST NEMATODE PARASITE OF HUMANS  FLAT AND FLESHY
 1.4 AND 1.6 MM LONG  FROM PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHES

CAPILLARIA PHILIPPINENSIS
 OTHER NAME: PUDOC WORM

2 MUSCULAR SUCKERS
1. ORAL TYPE - WHICH IS BEGINNING OF INCOMPLETE
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM. HAVE DIGESTIVE TRACT
2. VENTRAL SUCKERS - SERVES FOR ATTACHMENT

INTERESTING FACTS
 FIRST DISCOVERED IN 1963 IN NORTHERN LUZON,
PHILIPPINES
 APPEARANCE IN HUMANS WAS SUDDEN AND UNEXPECTED
 WITCH DOCTORS HIRED TO DRIVE OUT CURSE
PLACED ON PEOPLE BY RIVER GOD REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS
 MODE OF TRANSMISSION  MOST FLUKES - HERMAPHRODITIC
 INGESTION OF UNDERCOOKED OR RAW FRESHWATER  SELF-FERTILIZATION
FISH “BAGSIT“  SCHISTOSOMA - SEPARATE SEXES
 GYNECOPHORIC CANAL

 DIGENITIC - REQUIRES 2 HOSTS TO COMPLETE LIFE

CYCLE
 1ST INTERMEDIATE HOST - MOLLUSKS (SNAIL,
CLAM)
 HABITAT
 2ND INTERMEDIATE HOST - VARIES
 SMALL INTESTINE
 TRANSMISSION
 DISEASE: INTESTINAL CAPILLARIASIS
 BY PENETRATION OF SKIN OF LARVAE (CERCARIAE)
 CHRONIC DIARRHEA, WEIGHT LOSS, LOW
ELECTROLYTE LEVEL (K+)

ANTHELMINTICS

 BY INGESTION OF CYSTS FROM UNDERCOOKED OR

RAW 2ND INTERMEDIATE HOSTS

JASMINE ROSE ESPINAS

 CLONORCHIS SINENSIS FASCIOLOPSIS BUSKI
(ASIAN LIVER FLUKE) (INTESTINAL FLUKE)
 MODE OF TRANSMISSION  MODE OF TRANSMISSION
 INGESTION OF UNDERCOOKED OR RAW FRESH  INGESTION
WATER FIGH CONTAINING LARVAE  LIFE CYCLE
 LIFE CYCLE  EGG > SNAIL > RELEASED AS CERCARCIAE > WATER
 EGG > SNAIL > RELEASE AS LARVAE > EATEN BY PLANT > EATEN BY MAN/PIG (HOSTS)
FISH > EATEN BY MAN AS RAW  FASCIOLOPSIS INSIDE INTESTINE
 DISEASE: CANCER OF BILE DUCT -
CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA, CHOLETIASIS

 DISEASE: FASCIOLOPSIASIS
 SIGNS/SYMPTOMS
 ABSCESS FORMATION, ULCERATION, HEMORRHAGE
FASCIOLA HEPATICA  DIARRHEA, ABDOMINAL PAIN
(SHEEP LIVER FLUKE)
 MODE OF TRANSMISSION
 INGESTION
 LIFE CYCLE
 EGG > SNAIL > RELEASE AS CERCARIAE > EXCYST IN
WATER PLANT > DEVELOP AS METACERCARIAE
(INFECTIVE STAGE) > EATEN BY MAN
 DISEASE: FASCIOLIASIS
 TENDERNESS AND HEPATOMEGALY
 SIGNS/SYMPTOMS
SCHISTOSOMA SPP.
 RUQ PAIN, WORMAS MAY NECROSIS FOCI IN LIVER
 3 TYPES
CALLED “LIVER ROT“
 SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI
 INFECTED GOAT/SHEEP
 SCHISTOSOMA JAPONICUM (ORIENTAL BLOOD
 SUFFOCATION - DUE TO EATING OF RAW LIVER
FLUKE)
CAUSES (HALZOUN) - LODGEMENT OF ADULT WORM
 SCHISTOSOMA HAEMATOBIUM
IN PHARYNX
 MODE OF TRANSMISSION
 SKIN PENETRATION
 LIFE CYCLE
 EGG > DEVELOP AS MIRACIDIUM (EMBRYO) > SNAIL >
RELEASED AS CERCARIAE > PENETRATE SKIN OF
MAN
SNAIL
 AFTER LARVAE HATCH FROM EGGS
 THE LARRVAE INFECT A VERY SPECIFIC TYPE OF
PARAGONIMUS WESTERMANI FRESHWATER SNAIL:
(LUNG FLUKE)  S. HAEMATOBIUM - BULINUS SNAIL
 MODE OF TRANSMISSION  S. MANSONI - BIOMPHALARIA SNAIL
 INGESTION  S. JAPONICUM - ONCOMELANIA QUADRASI SNAIL
 LIFE CYCLE
 EGG > SNAIL > RELEASE AS CERCARCIAE > CRAB >
EATEN AS RAW BY MAN GOING TO THE LUNGS
 DISEASE: PARAGONIMIASIS
 OTHER NAME: PARASITIC HEMOPTYSIS
 MAIN SYMPTOMS:
 CHRONIC COUGH PRODUCES BLOODY SPUTUM /
RESEMBLES TUBERCULOSIS
JASMINE ROSE ESPINAS
 DERMATITIS
 THE FIRST POTENTIAL REACTION IS AN ITCHY, PAPULAR
RASH
 DISEASE: SCHISTOSOMIASIS
 OTHER NAME: BILHARZIASIS
 HEPATOSPLENOMEGALY

JASMINE ROSE ESPINAS