Professional Documents
Culture Documents
7 COMPONENTS OF WELLNESS
WHAT IS HEALTH?
• - Presence or absence of disease. • Environmental- ability to promote
health measures that improve the
• - A state of being well and using every standard of living in the community.
power the individual possesses to the • Social- ability to interact successfully
fullest extent. (Florence Nightingale, with people and within the
1860/1969) environment of which each person is a
part, develop and maintain intimacy
• - A state of complete physical, mental,
with significant others, and to develop
and social well-being, and not merely
respect and tolerance for those with
the absence of disease and infirmity.
different opinions and beliefs.
(WHO)
• Emotional- ability to manage stress and
• - Individuals’ views of health vary to express emotions appropriately.
among different cultural orientations • Physical- ability to carry out daily tasks,
(Pender et al.,2015) achieve fitness, maintain adequate
nutrition and proper body fat, avoid
• - Conceptualized health as the ability to abusing drugs and alcohol or using
maintain normal roles. (Talcott Parsons) tobacco products, and generally
• - Health and illness are human practice positive lifestyle habits
experiences. The presence of illness • Spiritual- belief in some force (nature,
does not preclude health, nor does science, religion, or a higher power)
optimal health preclude illness. (ANA) that serves to unite human beings and
provide meaning and purpose to life. It
OTHER DEFINITION OF HEALTH includes a persons’ own morals, values,
and ethics.
• Being free from symptoms of disease
• Intellectual- ability to learn and use
and pain as much as possible
information effectively for personal,
• Being able to be active and to do what family, and career development.
they want or must • Occupational- ability to achieve a
balance between work and leisure time.
• Being in good spirits most of the time.
WELLNESS AND WELL-BEING
5 MODELS OH HEALTH AND WELLNESS
- Wellness is a state of well-being
- Basic aspects of wellness include self- Models can be helpful in assisting health
responsibility; an ultimate goal; a professionals to meet the health and
dynamic, growing process; daily wellness needs of individuals.
decision making in the areas of
• Clinical Model- people are viewed as
nutrition, stress, management, physical
physiological systems with related
fitness, preventive health care, and
functions, and health is defined by the
emotional health; and most
absence of signs and symptoms of
importantly, the whole being of the
disease or injury. It is considered the
individual.
state of not being “sick’.
• Role Performance Model- health is
defined in terms of an individual’s
ability to fulfill societal roles, that is, to MODELS OF HEALTH AND ILLNESS
perform his or her work.
• A model is a theoretical way of
• Adaptive Model- health is a creative understanding a concept or idea.
process; disease is a failure in Models represent different ways of
adaptation, or maladaptation. The aim approaching complex issues.
is to restore the ability of a person to
adapt, that is, to cope. HEALTH BELIEF MODEL
The HBM helps you understand factors
• Eudaimonistic Model- incorporates a
comprehensive view of health. health is influencing patients’ perceptions, beliefs,
and behavior to plan care that will most
seen as a condition of actualization or
realization of person’s potential. effectively help patients maintain or restore
health and prevent illness.
LEVELS OF PREVENTION
• Primary Prevention- prevention of
VARIABLES INFLUENCING HEALTH AND HEALTH problems before they occur. True
BELIEFS AND PRACTICES prevention.
- Internal variables • Secondary Prevention- Early detection
- Developmental stage/ Biological and prevention
Dimension
- Intellectual Background / Cognitive • Tertiary Prevention- Correction and
Dimension prevention of deteriorating of a disease
- Spiritual factors state.
- Emotional/ Psychological Dimension
- Perception of functioning
- External variables
- Family practices
- Environment
- Standards of Living
- Psychosocial Social Support
HEALTH PROMOTION, WELLNESS AND
ILLNESS PREVENTION
• Health Promotion- any combination of
health education and related
organizational, economic, and
environmental supports for behavior,
groups, or communities conducive to
health. (Green and Kreuter, 1991)
• “Enables people to increase control
over their own health. It covers a wide
range of social and environmental
interventions that are designed to
benefit and protect individual people’s
health and quality of life by addressing
and preventing the root causes of ill
health, not just focusing on treatment
and cure. (WHO)