Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Email *
minshi12june24@gmail.com
KEY *
03-07242022
VILLANUEVA, ANGELICA
SCHOOL *
FEU MANILA
LRH SECTION *
Section A
Section B
Section C
Cotton
Gauze
Nylon
Feedback
Correct answer
Feedback
The traditional gravity displacement of steam sterilization cycle is 121˚C for 15 minutes at
15 pounds per square inch. Ethylene dioxide is an alternative sterilization method.
The most important diagnostic tool in treating patients with clinical *1/1
infections in the emergency department:
AFB stain
Culture
Gram stain
IMVic reaction
IMVic reaction
Correct answer
Feedback
These 4 IMViC tests (actually 6 tests if you include motility and H2S) constitute, perhaps,
the most critical tests used for identification of bacteria after the gram stain. The test
results from these 6 tests should carry more weight than almost any other tests, certainly
higher priority than sugar results since they are more stable reactions.
BAP
CAP
DCA
EMB
Correct answer
DCA
Feedback
Low temperature
Presence of contaminants
Correct answer
Feedback
Some stool specimens may be highly acidic and will overcome the buffering capacity of
the medium. This will cause the red indicator to shift to a yellow color. Discard the medium
if it has turned yellow and request another specimen.
Aerotolerant anaerobes
Facultative anaerobes
Microaerophilic organisms
Obligate aerobes
Feedback
In addition to amount of growth present, the location of growth within thioglycollate broth
indicates the type of organism present based on oxygen requirements.
Strict anaerobes will grow at the bottom of the broth tube, whereas aerobes will grow near
the surface.
Microaerophilic organisms will grow slightly below the surface where oxygen
concentrations are lower than atmospheric concentrations.
In addition, facultative anaerobes and aerotolerant organisms will grow throughout the
medium, as they are unaffected by the variation in oxygen content.
Correct answer
Feedback
Urine is an appropriate specimen for the detection of renal tuberculosis. Since feces
contain anaerobic organisms as part of the indigenous flora, it is an unacceptable
specimen for anaerobic culture. Foley catheter tips are also not acceptable for culture
because they are contaminated with colonizing organisms. Gram stain smears of rectal
swabs for N. gonorrhoeae should also not be performed, since the presence of organisms
with similar morphologies may lead to over interpretation of smears.
Remove the catheter, cut the tip, and submit it for culture
Disconnect the catheter from the bag, and collect urine from the terminal end of the
catheter
Feedback
Indwelling catheters are closed systems, and should not be disconnected for specimen
collection. Urine samples should not be collected from catheter bags, and Foley catheter
tips are unsuitable for culture because they are contaminated with colonizing organisms.
Urine from indwelling catheters should be collected by aseptically puncturing the tubing
(collection port).
Correct answer
Feedback
Campylobacter continues to be the most common enteric pathogen isolated from patients
with diarrhea. Routinely fecal specimens should be cultured for Salmonella, Shigella and
Campylobacter.
Feedback
1% sulfuric acid
1 to 2 mm
3 to 5 mm
6 to 8 mm
7 to 9 mm
Feedback
Feedback
MUELLER-HINTON AGAR
The antibiotic disks were not stored with the proper desiccant
Correct answer
Feedback
Mueller-Hinton Agar used for disk diffusion is standardized at pH 7.2 to 7.4. Penicillin
function better in an acidic environment, so zone sizes would become larger if the media
pH is too low. Aminoglycosides, on the other hand are less effective in an acidic
environment, so zone sizes would become smaller if the pH of the media is too low.
Increased
Decreased
Unchanged
Inoculum dependent
Feedback
As it diffuses into the media, the concentration of antibiotic gets lower the further it
diffuses from the disk.
Twice a week
Every week
Every month
Correct answer
Every week
Feedback
Daily disk diffusion quality control can be converted to weekly testing when 30 days of
consecutive testing demonstrated no more than 3 antibiotic/ organism combinations
outside the acceptable limits.
Serological typing
Coagulase testing
Catalase testing
Correct answer
Feedback
The most commonly used method to determine the relatedness of 2 or more bacterial
strains is pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.
N. meningitidis
S. pneumoniae
S. agalactiae
S. pyogenes
Correct answer
S. agalactiae
Feedback
All of the organisms listed are potential causes of meningitis. Group B streptococcus is
also associated with neonatal meningitis and meningitis of the elderly.
Clostridium perfringens
Clostridium difficile
Vibrio cholerae
Yersinia enterocolitica
Correct answer
Vibrio cholerae
Feedback
The toxin produced by enterotoxigenic E. coli is similar in action and amino acid sequence
to cholera toxin.
Correct answer
Feedback
Salmonella are positive for lysine decarboxylase and most are negative for KCN, malonate
and ONPG. Citrobacter are negative for lysine decarboxylase and positive for growth in
KCN.
The Oriental rat flea, Xenopsylla cheopis, can be involved in transmitting *1/1
which of the following microorganisms?
Bartonella quintana
Plasmodium spp.
Rickettsia prowazeki
Yersinia pestis
Bordetella bronchiseptica
Bordetella pertussis
Bordetella parapertussis
All of these
Correct answer
Bordetella pertussis
Brucella canis
Yersinia pestis
Francisella tularensis
Bordetella bronchiseptica
Correct answer
Bordetella bronchiseptica
Feedback
Bordetella bronchiseptica are normal flora in the respiratory tract of various animals. A key
reaction is that it is rapidly urea positive (within 4 hours). Brucella is also urea positive, but
does not grow in MacConkey agar.
Enterobacter cloacae
Serratia marcescens
Aeromonas hydrophila
Escherichia coli
Feedback
Enterobacteriaceae, such as E. coli, Serratia and Enterobacter are oxidase negative. The
only selection that is oxidase positive is Aeromonas. It is associated with wounds
contaminated with water.
Feedback
Thiosulfate citrate bile salts agar is a selective media for Vibrio and it also differentiates
sucrose fermenting species such as V. cholerae and V. alginolyticus.
Amies medium
Cary-Blair medium
Stuart's medium
Transgrow medium
Feedback
Stool specimens suspected of containing Vibrio spp. should be collected and transported
only in Cary-Blair medium.
Haemophilus aegypticus
Haemophilus ducreyi
Haemophilus parainfluenzae
Haemophilus influenzae
Correct answer
Haemophilus influenzae
ae op us ue ae
Catalase
Motility at 25C
Motility at 35C
Gram stain
Correct answer
Motility at 25C
Feedback
Corynebacterium and Listeria are catalase positive and gram positive bacilli. Listeria
demonstrate “tumbling motility” that is best demonstrated following growth at 25˚C. A few
species of Corynebacterium are motile when grown at 35˚C.
Esculin hydrolysis
Gelatin hydrolysis
Correct answer
Feedback
Propionibacterium acnes is part of the normal flora on the skin and is a common blood
culture contaminant. The gram stain given is typical for P. acnes, and it is catalase and
indole positive.
Candida albicans
Cryptococcus neoformans
Malassezia furfur
Histoplasma capsulatum
Correct answer
Cryptococcus neoformans
Polysaccharide capsule
Antigen
Antibody
Nucleic acids
Histoplasma capsulatum
Sporothrix schenckii
Blastomyces dermatitidis
Coccidioides immitis
Correct answer
Sporothrix schenckii
Virulence factors include aflatoxin, serine protease and aspartic acid *1/1
proteinase:
Aspergillus spp.
Blastomyces dermatitidis
Cryptococcus neoformans
Histoplasma capsulatum
Untitled section 1 of 1 points
Amphibians
Birds
Humans
Rodents
Feedback
Most often, humans are “dead-end” hosts, meaning that there is no subsequent human-to-
human transmission.
1: 2 to 1:5
1:10 to 1:20
1:50 to 1:100
1:100 to 1:200
Correct answer
1: 2 to 1:5
: to :5
The most sensitive method for the detection of β-lactamase in bacteria is *1/1
by the use of:
Chromogenic cephalosporin
Penicillin
Oxidase
Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase
β-Lactamase testing
Feedback
The anaerobes are not suited for the broth disk elution or disk agar diffusion tests
because of their slow rate of growth. Kirby–Bauer method reference charts are not
designed to be used as a reference of susceptibility for anaerobes.
Frozen at –20°C
Select the method of choice for recovery of anaerobic bacteria from a deep *
abscess.
Anaerobic bacteria are routinely isolated from all of the following types of *0/1
infections except:
Lung abscesses
Brain abscesses
Dental infections
Correct answer
Feedback
Proteus spp.
Enterococcus spp.
Feedback
Anaerobic culture media can be prereduced before sterilization by boiling, saturation with
oxygen-free gas, and addition of cysteine or other thiol compounds. The final oxidation
reduction potential (Eh) of the medium should be approximately –150 mV to minimize the
effects of exposure of organisms to oxygen during inoculation.
Which of the following is the medium of choice for the selective recovery *0/1
of gram-negative anaerobes?
THIO broth
Correct answer
Special staining
Enzyme immunoassay
Correct answer
Feedback
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Enterobacteriaceae
Campylobacter fetus
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Colistin–nalidixic acid agar (CNA) is used primarily for the recovery of: * 0/1
Neisseria species
Enterobacteriaceae
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Staphylococcus aureus
Correct answer
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Staphylococcus hominis
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
S. intermedius
S. saprophyticus
S. hominis
Correct answer
S. intermedius
Erythromycin
Gentamicin
Vancomycin
Kanamycin
Feedback
Oxacillin
Colistin
Trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole
Tetracycline
Feedback
Oxacillin is the drug used to screen staphylococci for resistance to antibiotics having the
β-lactam ring. Included in this group are penicillin, cephalosporin, monobactam, and
carbapenem.
MRSA defines strains of staph that are resistant to all of these antibiotic groups. MRSA
strains are treated with vancomycin or oxazolidinone.
E-test
D-zone test
A-test
CAMP test
CNA agar
THIO broth
PEA agar
Correct answer
Feedback
Group B streptococci (S. agalactiae) are important pathogens and can cause serious
neonatal infections. Women who are found to be heavily colonized vaginally with S.
agalactiae pose a threat to the newborn, especially within the first few days after delivery.
The infection acquired by the infant is associated with pneumonia.
Correct answer
CAMP test
Correct answer
Correct answer
Feedback
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Neisseria meningitidis
N. lactamica
N. meningitidis
N. gonorrhoeae
N. flavescens
Enterobacteriaceae
Enterococcus spp.
Staphylococcus spp.
Neisseria spp.
Correct answer
Enterobacteriaceae
The Voges–Proskauer (VP) test detects which end product of glucose *1/1
fermentation?
Acetoin
Nitrite
Acetic acid
Hydrogen sulfide
7.0
6.5
6.0
4.5
Ammonium citrate
Ammonium carbonate
Ammonium oxalate
Ammonium nitrate
Feedback
The test for urease production is based on the ability of the colonies to hydrolyze urea in
Stuart broth or Christensen agar to form CO2 and ammonia. These products form
ammonium carbonate, resulting in alkalinization. This turns the pH indicator (phenol red)
pink at pH 8.0.
p-Dimethylaminobenzaldehyde
Bromcresol purple
Methyl red
Cytochrome oxidase
Untitled section 1 of 1 points
Decarboxylation of the amino acids lysine, ornithine, and arginine results *1/1
in the formation of:
Ammonia
Urea
CO2
Amines
Arginine decarboxylase
Phenylalanine deaminase
Ornithine decarboxylase
Lysine decarboxylase
Correct answer
Ornithine decarboxylase
E. coli
Salmonella spp.
Pseudomonas spp.
Proteus spp.
Which of the following tests best differentiates Shigella species from E. *1/1
coli?
Feedback
E. coli, positive for lactose, indole, and ONPG are usually motile. Shigella species do not
ferment lactose or produce indole, lack β-galactosidase, and are nonmotile.
Campylobacter spp.
Salmonella spp.
Proteus spp.
Yersinia spp.
Correct answer
Campylobacter spp.
Feedback
Shigella spp. and Campylobacter spp. are both causes of diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever,
and sometimes vomiting. Blood is present in the stools of patients infected with Shigella
as a result of invasion and penetration of the bowel. Young children may also exhibit
bloody stools when infected with Campylobacter.
Edwardsiella spp.
Morganella spp.
Ewingella spp.
Shigella spp.
Correct answer
Morganella spp.
Klebsiella pneumoniae
E. coli
Salmonella typhimurium
Enterobacter cloacae
Untitled section 0 of 1 points
Yersinia pestis
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Proteus vulgaris
Morganella morganii
Correct answer
Yersinia pestis
Correct answer
Correct answer
Feedback
Acinetobacter spp. are nonmotile rods that appear as coccobacillary forms from clinical
specimens. All are oxidase negative and catalase positive. P. aeruginosa reduces NO3 to
NO2, while A. baumannii does not.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas stutzeri
P d tid
Pseudomonas putida
Burkholderia pseudomallei
Correct answer
Feedback
Both organisms produce yellowish pigment and have polar tuft flagella, but the oxidase
and DNase tests are differential.
Urease (rapid)
Oxidase
Motility
Correct answer
Urease (rapid)
Feedback
Alcaligenes and Bordetella are genera belonging to the Alcaligenaceae family. The two
organisms are very similar biochemically, but B. bronchiseptica is urease positive. Both
organisms are oxidase positive, grow on MacConkey agar, and are motile by peritrichous
flagella. B. bronchiseptica grows well on MacConkey agar but other species of Bordetella
are fastidious gram-negative rods.
Cetrimide agar is used as a selective isolation agar for which organism? * 0/1
Acinetobacter spp.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Moraxella spp.
pp
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
Correct answer
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Which of the listed Pseudomonas spp. is associated with the following *1/1
virulence factors: exotoxin A, endotoxins, proteolytic enzymes,
antimicrobial resistance, and production of alginate?
P. fluorescens
P. putida
P. stutzeri
P. aeruginosa
Select the media of choice for recovery of Vibrio cholerae from a stool *1/1
specimen.
CNA agar
Aeromonas hydrophilia
Escherichia coli
Salmonella spp.
Shigella spp.
Feedback
The oxidase positive test result rules out the members of the Enterobacteriaceae family.
Oxidase, motility
Oxidase, nitrate
Feedback
All three organisms are positive for oxidase production and are motile. Plesiomonas spp.
do not grow on TCBS agar. Clear colonies on MacConkey agar and yellow colonies on
TCBS agar indicate Vibrio or Aeromonas spp. However, only Vibrio spp. require Na+ (1%
NaCl) in the medium for growth.
Urease
OF glucose
Oxidase
Catalase
Correct answer
Oxidase
Feedback
Correct answer
Correct answer
Capnocytophaga spp.
Pasteurella spp.
Proteus spp.
Pseudomonas spp
Correct answer
Pasteurella spp.
A 29-year-old male who often hunted rabbits and spent a lot of time in the *1/1
woods was admitted to the hospital with skin ulcers on his upper
extremities. At 48 hours, a small coccobacillus was recovered from the
aerobic blood culture bottle only. The organism stained poorly with Gram
stain, but did stain with acridine orange. Cultures taken from the ulcers
did not grow on primary media. What is the most likely identification?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas fluorescens
Chryseobacterium spp.
Francisella tularensis
An elderly woman who cared for several domestic cats was hospitalized *0/1
with suspected cat-scratch disease (CSD). Blood cultures appeared
negative, but a small, slightly curved pleomorphic gram-negative bacillus
grew on BHI agar (brain, heart infusion agar with 5% horse or rabbit
blood). What is the most likely identification?
Bartonella spp.
Brucella spp.
Kingella spp.
Haemophilus spp
Correct answer
Bartonella spp.
Haemophilus influenza
Chryseobacterium meningosepticum
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
Acinetobacter baumannii
Correct answer
Chryseobacterium meningosepticum
Capnocytophaga canimorsus
Francisella tularensis
Legionella pneumophila
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Feedback
The organisms require at least 5% CO2 for growth and grow slowly on blood and
chocolate agars. Colonies can grow in 48 hours if cultured in high CO2 on BHI agar with
5% sheep blood.
Acid-fast staining
Feedback
Since culture can take up to 10 days, rapid diagnosis by direct immunofluorescence and
DNA amplification are preferred.
Direct fluorescent antibody tests are not as sensitive as culture or PCR, but are specific
and can be used to rapidly confirm a positive serological test, which may be positive in the
absence of disease.
Clostridium botulinum
Clostridium sporogenes
Correct answer
Clinical findings
Correct answer
Clinical findings
Feedback
The culture and Gram stain of the puncture wound site usually does not produce any
evidence of C. tetani.
The diagnosis is usually based upon clinical findings, which are characterized by spastic
muscle contractions, lockjaw, and backward arching of the back caused by muscle
contraction.
Yersinia enterocolitica
Yersinia intermedia
Clostridium perfringens
Clostridium difficile
Propionibacterium acnes
Clostridium perfringens
Staphylococcus intermedius
Veillonella parvula
Correct answer
Propionibacterium acnes
Feedback
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Bacteroides fragilis
Correct answer
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Mycobacterium ulcerans
Mycobacterium kansasii
Feedback
M. tuberculosis is positive for niacin accumulation, while the other three species are niacin
negative.
A serpentine pattern of growth indicates production of cording factor, a virulence factor for
M. tuberculosis.
Infective
Latently infected
Falsely positive
Feedback
A positive PPD test indicates a person who is latently infected with M. tuberculosis. Such
persons are asymptomatic and not infectious, but have a 10% risk of developing
tuberculosis during their lifetime.
M. marinum
M. paratuberculosis
M. avium
M. gordonae
Correct answer
M. paratuberculosis
Culturing
Serological analysis
Acid-fast staining
Gram staining
Feedback
Serological tests of the patient’s serum for evidence of syphilis are routinely performed,
but culturing is not because research animals must be used for inoculation of the
suspected spirochete.
Mycoplasma hominis
Borrelia burgdorferi
Leptospira interrogans
Treponema pallidum
Untitled section 0 of 1 points
Correct answer
Which of the following organisms are transmitted to animals and humans *0/1
after a tick bite?
Leptospira
Neisseria sicca
Correct answer
Catalase test
The Hair Baiting Test is used to differentiate which two species of *1/1
Trichophyton that produce red colonies on Sabouraud agar plates?
Candida albicans
Cryptococcus neoformans
Cryptococcus laurentii
Candida tropicalis
Coccidioides immitis
Histoplasma capsulatum
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
Penicillium marneffei
Penicillium marneffei
Correct answer
Coccidioides immitis
Feedback
Media used for transporting specimens for viral culture are similar to those for bacteria
with the addition of a nutrient such as fetal calf serum or albumin and antibiotics.
Coxsackie B virus
Rotavirus
Rhabdovirus
Correct answer
Rotavirus
Blood culture
Complement fixation
yes
This content is neither created nor endorsed by Google. - Terms of Service - Privacy Policy
Forms