L - CYSTEINE

What is L-Cysteine

● L-cysteine is a non-essential amino acid

● Non-essential amino acid is mean that the human body can synthesize it from other amino acids
and does not necessarily require it from dietary sources.
● plays several important roles in the body, including protein synthesis, detoxification, and the
production of antioxidants.
● L-cysteine is notable for containing a sulfur atom, which allows it to form disulfide bonds with
other cysteine molecules
● Disulfide bonds are crucial for the structure and stability of proteins
● L-cysteine is commonly used as a dough conditioner in baking.
● L-cysteine's ability to break down disulfide bonds makes it a valuable ingredient in certain hair
treatments, aiding in processes like straightening or perming.
 Pharmacopeia infographics
Opioids
Venus is the second planet
from the Sun
Drug
Benzodiazepines
classification Earth is the third planet from
Mercury is quite a the Sun and has life
small planet
Antibiotics
Despite being red, Mars is
actually a cold place
Chemical properties: soluble and
fairly stable
Mode of action: beta blockers
Therapeutic uses: infections
Chemical properties: ionization
and reactivity
Mode of action: anticoagulants
Therapeutic uses: chemotherapy
Chemical properties:
antidepressants, beta blockers
Mode of action: antibiotics
Therapeutic uses: antipsychotics
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Pharmacokinetics
Drug Dose Route Cmax Tmax AUC Half-time

10-25 4-6
Acetaminophen 500 mg Oral 1-3 hours 2-4 hours
µg/mL µg*h/mL

20-30
Amoxicillin 500 mg Oral 5-10 µg/mL 1-2 hours 1 hour
µg*h/mL

6-10
Digoxin 0.125 mg Oral 2-3 µg/mL 6-8 hours 36 hours
ng*h/mL

50-150
Warfarin 5 mg Oral 1-3 µg/mL 3-5 hours 40 hours
µg*h/mL
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Morphine Chemo Barbital Insulin Statins

Jupiter is the Saturn is a gas Neptune is the Earth is the third Pluto is now
biggest planet in giant and has farthest planet planet from the considered a
the Solar System several rings from the Sun Sun and has life dwarf planet

1805 1869 1899 1921 1805

1800 1830 1860 1890 1920 1950 1980 2010

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Patient name here
Age 16 years old

Weight 160 lb

Drug name Medical

Depression and anxiety
condition
over here
Mercury is the Venus has a beautiful
closest planet to the name and is the second
Additional
Sun and the planet from the Sun. It’s
notes
smallest one in the terribly hot, even hotter
Solar System than Mercury
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Mild effect
Earth is the only planet that
harbors life in the Solar System

Moderate effect
Despite being red, Mars is actually
a cold place

Severe effect
Jupiter is a gas giant and the
biggest planet of them all

Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new one here. For more info, click here
 Pharmacopeia infographics

Simvastatin Albuterol Prozac

Describe side effect Describe side effect Describe side effect

number 1 number 1 number 1

Describe side effect Describe side effect Describe side effect

number 2 number 2 number 2

Describe side effect Describe side effect Describe side effect

number 3 number 3 number 3
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Drug 1 Drug 2 Interaction Mechanism
Increased risk of Mercury is very close to
Warfarin Aspirin bleeding the Sun

Venus has very high

Fluoxetine MAOIs Serotonin syndrome
temperatures

Increased risk of muscle Earth is the third planet

Simvastatin Erythromycin damage from the Sun

Increased risk of kidney Despite being red, Mars

Metformin Contrast dye damage is a cold place

Decreased Jupiter is the biggest

Albuterol Beta blockers effectiveness of drug 1 planet of them all
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Drug interaction networks
Saturn is a gas giant and has several rings. It’s composed
mostly of hydrogen and helium. It was named after the
Roman god of wealth and agriculture

Drug A Drug B Drug C

The Moon is Ceres is located Pluto is now
Earth’s only in the main considered a
natural satellite asteroid belt dwarf planet

Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new one here. For more info, click here
 Pharmacopeia infographics

Drug A Drug C
Mercury is the closest Earth is the third
planet to the Sun planet from the Sun

Drug B Drug D
Venus is the second Despite being red,
planet from the Sun Mars is a cold place
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Drug A Drug B
Jupiter is a gas Saturn is
giant and the composed mostly
biggest planet in of hydrogen and
the Solar System also helium

Drug availability About the map

Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun. It’s Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the
also the fourth-largest planet by diameter in the smallest one in the Solar System. This planet’s
Solar System name has nothing to do with the liquid metal
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Administration Blood and plasma
into the body

Absorption Intracellular fluids

Pharmacokinetic
Distribution properties
Mercury is the closest planet to
the Sun and the smallest one in
Metabolism Biotransformation
the Solar System. This planet’s
name has nothing to do with
Elimination the liquid metal, since Mercury
was named after the Roman
Drugs and messenger god
metabolites
 Pharmacopeia infographics
Pharmacopeia
Dosage
Drug name Strength Route Duration Used for
form
Amoxicillin Capsule 250 mg Oral 7-10 days Infections

Atorvastatin Tablet 10-80 mg Oral Ongoing Cholesterol

Epinephrine Injection 1 mg/ml Intramuscular As needed Anaphylaxis

Ondansetron Tablet 4 or 8 mg Oral 3 doses/day Nausea

Acetaminophen Tablet 325 mg Oral Max 10 days Pain, fever

 Pharmacopeia infographics
Dose-response curves
Ceres is located in the main asteroid belt
Drug A Drug B
Mercury is quite a Venus has a
small planet beautiful name

Drug C Drug D
Earth is a planet Mars is actually a
that harbors life cold place

Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new one here. For more info, click here
 Pharmacopeia infographics
Change blood Exposure to
pressure Study Study air pollution

Adverse NCT5847 NCT1234 Change blood

events Children in Observational pressure
general cohort study
Children with
asthma
Tumor Asthma
response rate Study Study exacerbations

Bad lung NCT9632 NCT5678 Adverse

function Very young Randomized, events
children (<1 year) double-blind
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Drug administration
Mercury is the smallest planet in the System

Subcutaneous Intramuscular Intravenous Oral

Jupiter is a gas giant Saturn is a gas giant Neptune is the farthest The Sun is the star at
and the biggest planet and has several rings. planet from the Sun. It’s the center of the entire
in the Solar System It’s mostly of helium an ice giant Solar System

Describe here the Describe here the Describe here the Describe here the
example A example B example C example D
 Pharmacopeia infographics

About the patient

Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet
from the Sun. It’s terribly hot, even hotter than Mercury

Low dosage Daily dosage

Mercury is the smallest Pluto is now considered a
planet of them all dwarf planet
Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new one here. For more info, click here
 Pharmacopeia infographics

Therapeutic class Examples

Analgesics Acetaminophen, ibuprofen, opioids

Anticoagulants Warfarin, heparin, direct oral anticoagulants

Antidepressants Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants

Antihypertensives ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers

Antimicrobials Penicillins, cephalosporins, macrolides

Antipsychotics First generation (typical) antipsychotics

Diuretics Loop diuretics, thiazide diuretics, potassium-sparing diuretics

 Pharmacopeia infographics

Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism Activity
Excretion

Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics
Earth is the third planet from the Despite being red, Mars is a cold
Sun and the only one that harbors place. It’s full of iron oxide dust,
life in the Solar System which gives the planet its red cast
 Pharmacopeia infographics

Disease A Disease A
Importance Mars is actually a Jupiter is a very
cold place big planet
of disease
prevalence
Mercury is a very
small planet

Disease A Disease A
Saturn has Neptune is a far
several rings away planet
 Pharmacopeia infographics

Warfarin Aspirin Clopidogrel Abacavir

Gene: CYP2C9 Gene: VKORC1 Gene: CYP2C13 Gene: HLA-B*57:01
Genetic variation: *2, Genetic variation: - Genetic variation: *2, Genetic variation:
*3 1639 G:A *3, *4, *5, *6 Presence of allele
Effect: Neptune is the Effect: Venus is the Effect: Earth is the Effect: Despite being
farthest planet from second planet from third planet from the red, Mars is actually a
the Sun the Sun Sun and our home cold planet

Patient name here

 Pharmacopeia infographics

Adverse event Frequency (%) Severity

Nausea 20 Mild

Headache 15 Mild

Diarrhea 10 Moderate

Fatigue 8 Mild

Dizziness 5 Moderate

Rash 5 Moderate

Abdominal pain 3 Mild

 Pharmacopeia infographics

Healthcare setting Healthcare setting Healthcare setting

name #1 name #2 name #3
Jupiter is the biggest planet Saturn is a gas giant and has Neptune is the farthest
in the Solar System several rings planet from the Sun

● List your approved ● List your approved ● List your approved

drug here drug here drug here
● List your approved ● List your approved ● List your approved
drug here drug here drug here
● List your approved ● List your approved ● List your approved
drug here drug here drug here
 Pharmacopeia infographics
47% 09%
Treatment A Treatment C
The Sun is the closest Ceres is located in the
star to our planet main asteroid belt

26% 18%
Treatment B Treatment D
Follow the link in the graph to modify its data
Pluto is now considered The Moon is Earth’s only
and then paste the new one here. For more
a dwarf planet info, click here natural satellite
 Pharmacopeia infographics
Mercury is quite a Earth is the third Jupiter is a gas giant Neptune is very far
small planet planet from the Sun and very big from the Sun
Mercury Earth Jupiter Neptune

A+ AB+ A- AB-

B+ O+ B- O-

Venus Mars Saturn Pluto

Venus has a Despite being red, Saturn has actually Pluto is classified as
beautiful name Mars is a cold place several rings a dwarf planet
 Pharmacopeia infographics
Swelling of the eyes,
face, lips or throat

About aspirin
Wheezing and difficulty The Moon is Earth’s
in breathing only natural satellite

Fast heartbeat

Drug safety
Bright red blood in Ceres is located in the
stools or black stools main asteroid belt
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Adverse event reporting General characteristics
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the Venus has a beautiful name and is the second
smallest one in the Solar System planet from the Sun

Event A
Earth is the third planet from
the Sun

Event B
Despite being red, Mars is
actually a cold place
 Pharmacopeia infographics

50% 21%
Lisinopril Metformin Comment A
10 mg | Once daily | 500 mg | Twice daily | “Mercury is the smallest one in the
Started: Jan 2XXX Started: June 2XXX entire Solar System”

19% 10%
Atorvastatin Aspirin Comment B
20 mg | Once daily | 81 mg | Once daily | “Venus has a beautiful name and is the
Started: Mar 2XXX Started: Apr 2XXX second planet from the Sun”
 Pharmacopeia infographics
Observations: Mercury is the closest
Clinical trial A planet to the Sun and the smallest one
NOT TESTED YET in the Solar System

Observations: Venus has a beautiful

Drug Clinical trial B name and is the second planet from
development ALREADY TESTED the Sun. It’s terribly hot
Mercury is the smallest
planet of them all
Observations: Earth is the third planet
Clinical trial C from the Sun and the only one that
NOT FOR SALE harbors life in the Solar System
 Pharmacopeia infographics
Target Main hit Hit-to-lead Lead
identification discovery optimization optimization
Mercury is a very Venus has a Earth is the third Mars is actually a
small planet beautiful name planet from Sun cold place

Preclinical Clinical Regulatory Marketing

development development approval surveillance
Jupiter is an Saturn is a gas giant Neptune is very far The Sun is the
enormous planet and has rings from the Sun closest star to us

Drug discovery timeline

Pluto is classified as a dwarf planet
 Pharmacopeia infographics
200 mg Medicine taken
For medicine A Medicine name here
Doctor A Doctor B
Medicine name here
M T W T F S S
500 mg Medicine name here
30 01 02 03 04 05 06
For medicine B Medicine name here
07 08 09 10 11 12 13
Medicine name here
14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 10 mg Medicine name here

28 29 30 31 01 02 03 For medicine C Medicine name here

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