MATHEMATICS 5 NOTES

FOURTH QUARTER

CIRCLE

A circle is a set of all points that are of the same distance from a given point on the plane.
Parts of a Circle

 Center
Every point on the circle is equidistant from a distinct point called center of the circle. It is commonly
labeled as O.

 Radius
Radius is a line segment joining the center and any point on the circle.

 Chord
Chord is a line segment joining two points in the circle.

 Diameter
Diameter is a chord passing through the center.
Note: Diameter = 2×radius
Radius = 1/2 diameter

 Circumference
Circumference is the boundary curve of the circle or distance around a circle.

 Sector
The sector is an area or part of a circle formed by two radii and the included arc.

 Arc
The arc of a circle is the part of the circle between any two points. If the arc of a circle is more than a
semicircle, it is called a major arc. If it is less than a semicircle, it is called minor arc.

SOLID FIGURES

A solid figure is a 3-dimensional figure because it has length, width and thickness or height. Volume of
a solid is the amount of space occupied by the solid.
 Nets of Solid Figures

Surface Area of Solid Figures

The surface area (SA) of any solid figures is the sum of the areas of all its surfaces or faces. One way to
find the surface area is to find the area of its nets.

SA = A1 + A2 + A3 + A4 + A5 SA = A1 + A2 + A3 + A4 + A5 + A6
= (lxw) + (lxw) + (lxw) + ½ (bxh) + ½ (bxh) = (lxw) + (lxw) + (lxh) + (lxh) + (wxh) + (wxh)
= 3(lxw) + 2 x ½ (bxh) = 2(lxw) + 2(lxh) + 2(wxh)
= 3(lxw) + (bxh)
Note: The triangle in this prism is equiangular.

SA = A1 + A2 + A3 + A4 + A5 + A6 SA = A1 + A2 + A3 + A4 + A5
= (sxs) + (sxs) + (sxs) + (sxs) + (sxs) + (sxs) = s2 + ½ (bxh) + ½ (bxh) + ½ (bxh) + ½ (bxh)
= 6(sxs) = s2 + 2(bxh)
= 6s2 Note: h is the slant height of the pyramid

SA = 2 x π x r x h + 2 x π x r2 SA = 4 x π x r2
SA = πr2 + πrs
= π × r ×r + π ×r × s
S is the slant height