 PHYSICAL Channel:

 When the Mobile is in Switched off Once it gets the Power on the mobile first it will search for
the below
 PSCH  SSCH  PBCH  PHICH  PCFICH  PDCCH  PDSCH

1) First mobile we search for the PSCH it will detect the Sector id + Subframe once it will get
identifies the PSCH then it will search for the SSCH.
2) SSCH, it gets to identify the group id of the UE will get the Exact position in the Radio Frame &
SSCH is used to gets the fixed slot.

UE Can Calculate the PCI with below Formula

PCI = 3*Group id + Sector id

Ex: 3*0*0 = 3, 3*167*2 = 503

3) After that it will search for the PBCH that PBCH (Physical Broadcasting channel) Can Contains
the below all

Positions:

 Every Radio Frame

 Subframe number
 Slot number
 First 4 Symbols
 Middle 72 Sub Carriers
 It can be holds the data of the MIB & SIB Information & PHICH.

4) PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel)

 PDSCH will send the data at least one PRB Allocate for UE & the UE Can read the before the
PDSCH Channel it has to read the PDCCH Channel.
 PDCCH carrier the which PRB is allocates to UE.
5) PDCCH Channel is used to Carriers the PRB Information & before UE need to read the PDCCH it
must read the PCFICH Channel.

6) PCFICH Channel is related to PHICH

 PCFICH Channel must have to know the PHICH information.
  Before the RRC Connection establishment in between the UE to E Node B, we need to establish
the RACH Procedure Please check the below diagram
 PRACH Preamble (Random Access
Preamble message): Message contains
the RA-RNTI indications for L2/L3
message size.
 Random Access Response: Message
contains Timing Advance, T C-RNTI, UL
grant for L2/L3 message.
 Contention Request/Scheduled
Transmission: Message Contains the
RRC Connection Request.
 Contention Resolution/Contention
Response: Message Contains the RRC
Connection Setup.
 RRC Connection Complete will send UE
to E node B: RRC Connection Complete
will contains the PLMN ID, Dedicated
NAS info.

 If the RACH the Procedure Success, then only the RRC Connection we get establish successful, If
the RACH procedure we get Fails then the RRC Connection won’t be establish.
 RRC protocol layer uses and that can hold the two tasks.
1) Sending System information.
2) Sending configuration details to the UE.

 RRC Connection have the three Signaling radio Bearers:

1) SRB 0: This Message is used for before the RRC Connection these will only use for CCCH logical
channel & that CCCH logical channel using before the RRC Connection.
2) SRB 1 (Higher Priority): This Message is used to sending the RRC Message which is having the
NAS message.
3) SRB 2 (Lower Priority): This message is used to sending the RRC Message which is having the
NAS message but this SRB 2 having lower priority compared to SRB 1.

For most of the time RRC Connection setup will send with the SRB 1 only why because the SRB 1 is
high priority compared to SRB 2.
Please find the Snippet for Ref:

SRB 1 (High Priority Signaling Radio Bearers):

SRB 2 (Lower Priority Signaling Radio Bearers):

 System Information can get the message after the RRC Connection this System information can
having the SIB 1 to SIB 12.
1) SIB 1: In this Sib1 have the contains of the PLMN id, tracking area code information, Cell
Selection parameters, Frequency band, Cell barring Scheduled info & other.
2) SIB 2: In this Sib2 have the Contains of the Radio Resource Conf Common like (timing Advance,
UE Timer & Constant & Uplink Carrier Frequency).
3) SIB 3: In this Sib3 having the Contains of the Cell Reselection information, mainly related of
Serving cell info.
4) SIB 4: In this Sib4 having the contains of the Cell Reselection information parameters for intra
frequency neighbors Cells Related information.
 5) SIB 5: In this Sib5 having the contains of the Cell Reselection information parameters for inter
frequency neighbors Cells Related information.
6) SIB 6: In this Sib6 having the contains of the IRAT Cell Reselection parameters UTRAN Related
information. (Inter RAT LTE -> 3G).
7) SIB 7: In this Sib7 having the contains of the IRAT Cell Reselection parameters GERAN Related
information. (Inter RAT LTE -> 2G).
8) SIB 8: In this Sib8 having the contains of the IRAT Cell Reselection parameters CDMA2000
Related information. (Inter RAT LTE -> CDMA2000) & the LTE & CDMA2000 is whereas same LTE
network only but the LTE is preferring the CDMA2000 depends on the network.
9) SIB 9: In this Sib9 having the contains of the Private Network such as Contains the Home E node
B name (HeNBname ).
10) SIB 10: In this Sib10 having the Contains of the Primary notification for Earthquakes, Tsunami
Warning System (ETNS).
11) SIB 11: In this Sib11 having the Contains of the Secondary notification for Earthquakes, Tsunami
Warning System (ETNS).
12) SIB 12: In this Sib12 having the Contains Commercial Mobile alert Service (CMAS) notification.

SIB1
SIB2

SIB5
SIB6

SIB7
4G architecture with interfaces and protocols

 Handovers
1) E node b to E node b -------- X2AP interfaces Intra-LTE handover using the X2 interface is used
to handover a UE from a source e Node B (S-e NB) to a target e Node B (T-e NB) using the X2
interface when the Mobility State.
2) MME to MME ------- S10 interface between different MMEs is Inter Handover
• Used during inter-MME tracking area updates (TAU) and handovers
• Inter-MME TAU: The new MME can contact the old MME the user had been registered before
to retrieve data about identity (IMSI), security information (security context, authentication
vectors) and active SAE bearers (PDN gateways to contact, QoS, etc.).

Diameter Protocols:

 HSS: The HSS is the master database for a given subscriber, acting as a central repository of
information for network nodes. Subscriber related information held by the HSS includes user
identification, security, location and subscription profile. The HSS is a functional element of LTE
and IMS. (HLR + VLR)
 EIR: The Equipment Identity Register (EIR) is a network entity used in stores that the lists of
International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) numbers, which correspond to physical handsets
(not subscribers).
 PCRF: PCRF (policy and charging rules function) provides policy control and flow-based charging
control decisions. PCEF (policy and charging enforcement function) implemented in the serving
gateway, this enforces gating and QoS for individual IP flows on the behalf of the PCRF.
 OCS: LTE OCS-Online Charging System | OCF-Online Charging Function. OCS stands for Online
Charging System. In OCS, charging events are received by "Online Charging Function (OCF) ". The
OCF decides about usage of resources based on Rating Function (RF) and Account Balance
Management Function (ABMF).
 OFCS: OFCS stands for Offline Charging System. In OFCS, charging events are received by
Charging Data Function (CDF). CDF generates CDRs (charging data records) and transmit the
 same to CGF (Charging Gateway Function). CGF functions as Gateway between the 3GPP LTE
network and Billing related systems.

Interfaces:

 S1AP: The LTE S1AP interface is responsible for delivering signaling protocols between the E
Node B and the MME. S1AP interface consists of a Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP)
over IP and supports multiple UEs through a single SCTP association. It also provides guaranteed
data delivery.
 S6A: S6A is an LTE 4G mobile-related interface between the MME and HSS used for
authentication, location & service information about the subscriber. It uses Diameter over TCP,
UDP, SCTP transport protocol.
 S13: The S13 and S13' interfaces between the MME and the EIR and between the SGSN and the
EIR respectively are used to check the status of the UE (e.g., if it has been reported stolen). The
MME or SGSN checks the UE Identity by sending the Equipment Identity to an EIR and analyzing
the response.
 S11: SGW supports S11 interface with MME signaling interfaces.
 S5/S8 interface: S5/S8 interface with PGW. The integrated control plane stack for these
interfaces consists of IP, UDP, eGTP-C.