UCA/BST/F/2019/18

FIRE SYSTEM
Assignment 03
2022.01.10

01. Active fire protection refers to fire protection systems installed on a building that can be active and operate
automatically or manually, and which are used to prevent, extinguish, and prevent the spread of fire. Passive fire
protection, on the other hand, refers to fire protection provided by building components such as walls, fire resistant
floors, and so on. The rationale for dividing them into two groups is to make it easier to recognize them and mainta in
the systems.

02. Active fire protection;

 Fire hydrants.
 Fire hose reels.
 Fire sprinkler systems.

Passive fire protection;

 Fire resistance glasses.

 Fire escapes.
 Walls.

03. Fire hydrant systems

Fire hydrant systems are active fire protection systems that can be found outside of the building. Fire
hydrant systems are provide a water flow with great pressure and speed. For extinguish the fire by using
this pipes need to connect this and need to open the valve by fire fighters.
Fire hose systems
Fire hose systems is also an active type it can be found inside of the building. This system has two types
called wet riser and dry riser. In simply dry riser means pipe system that has no water inside the pipe and
wet riser means, pipe systems that has water always inside the pipes.
Automatic Sprinkler System.
Many fire hose systems that mentioned in above are connected to these automatic sprinkler system.
Sprinkler system activate when the temperature higher than the room temperature. Process of that are when
the case of fire, sprinkler system has fusible nozzle and the time when reached to specific temperature and
then nozzles will melt down and release the water to the fire.

Fire extinguishers
Fire extinguishers are manual active fire protection system. Also there are few types of the extinguishers
and they used before the arrival of fire fighters. Function of the extinguishers are remove the components
of the fire

04. We must prioritize lives in the event of a fire, but we must also consider how to protect tangible items on the premises
in the event of a fire. We can utilize both active and passive fire prevention systems for this. In any case, active fire
protection systems cannot halt or control a fire, whereas passive fire protection systems provide us time to leave or
take other precautions to avoid a fire. Before installing a passive fire prevention system, we must examine what we
want to protect, what materials will be utilized in the structure, and which kind will be used for specific purposes.
As a result, putting the proper materials in the right areas will help to prevent a fire.

05.Class A fires.
Fires involving with organic materials.
Class B fires.
Fires involving with liquid or liquefiable solids.
Class C fires.
Gas fires.
Class D fires.
Fires involving metals.
Class F fires.
Fires involving cooking oils.

06. Travel distance means shortest distance and shortest time that get to the outside of the building in case fire.
07. The fire had a negative effect on the beam and the floor. In the event of a fire, the floor and beams begin to deform
due to the materials used to construct them; for example, if we use steel as columns and there is a fire, the length of
the beam begins to rise, and its strength decreases. These beams will most likely need to be replaced or repaired after
the fire. It also has an impact on the structure's stability. If one of the building's columns begins to grow due to the
fire, the structure will collapse. When a fire spreads to a beam or a floor, the beam and column expand and lose
strength, while compressive strength increases. If the fire spreads to the beam or floor, building stability is lost, and
the structure collapses.

08. According to the CIDA, light hazard is places are where the store flammable and combustible materials in
low like as offices, houses and medium hazard places are where the flammable and combustible materials
store than lower places like as shopping areas, warehouses. High hazard are where the store flammable and
combustible materials in high numbers, as an example wood working areas, fire stores, flammable liquid
string areas. Then NFPA define them by using fire types. According to the NFPA, low fire hazard place s
define as where the low numbers of class A has and B fire materials store on. And also these type als o
growing as the CIDA type by steps. In the high hazard places in NFPA define where the places have high
numbers of class A and B fire combustible materials

09. Purpose of a fire suppression system is stop a fire or stop the spreading of fire and to ensure the safety of
people and physical things in the premises.

10. Water
Inert gases
Chemical.