Saep 28

Engineering Procedure
SAEP-28 3 September 2013

Radar Tank Gauging Equipment Verification Requirements
Document Responsibility: Custody Measurement Standards Committee
Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards

Table of Contents
1 Scope............................................................. 2
2 Conflicts and Deviations (Mandatory)............ 2
3 References..................................................... 2
4 Definitions and Abbreviations......................... 3
5 Instructions..................................................... 5
6 Responsibilities............................................ 10
7 Activity Matrix............................................... 14
Appendix A – Procedure for the Factory
Testing of RTG Level Gauges and
Automatic Tank Thermometers............ 16
Appendix B –Procedure for Manual
Gauging of RTG Systems..................... 20
Appendix C – Procedure for Using an Electronic
Thermometer in ATT Sensor Verification…. 21
Appendix D – Procedure for Initial Setting
of the RTG Level.................................. 22
Appendix E – Procedure for Initial Setting of the
Automatic Tank Thermometer (ATT).... 23
Appendix F – Procedure for Third Party
Verification of the RTG Installation....... 24
Appendix G – Procedure for Subsequent
Verifications of the RTG Units.............. 26
Previous Issue: 7 September 2011 Next Planned Update: 7 September 2016

Revised paragraphs are indicated in the right margin Page 1 of 27
Primary contact: Hassell, James Clyde on +966-13-8801374
Al-Torairi, Mohammed Saleh on +966-13-8801376
Copyright©Saudi Aramco 2013. All rights reserved.

Document Responsibility: Custody Measurement Standards Committee SAEP-28
Issue Date: 3 September 2013
Next Planned Update: 7 September 2016 Radar Tank Gauging Equipment Verification Requirements
1 Scope
This procedure defines the responsibilities and requirements during installation and
verification of Radar Tank Gauging (RTG) systems used in royalty and custody transfer
service of hydrocarbon liquids excluding LPG and asphalt.
This procedure is restricted to stilling well mounted RTG systems in atmospheric

upright cylindrical, above ground, liquid storage tanks.
2 Conflicts and Deviations (Mandatory)
2.1 Any conflicts between this procedure and other applicable Saudi Aramco
Engineering Standards (SAESs), Materials System Specifications (SAMSSs),
Standard Drawings (SASDs), or industry standards, codes, and forms shall be
resolved in writing by the Manager, Process & Control Systems Department of
Saudi Aramco, Dhahran.
2.2 Direct all requests to deviate from this procedure in writing in accordance with
SAEP-302 to the Manager, Process & Control Systems Department of Saudi
Aramco, Dhahran.
2.3 Direct all requests for interpretation of this procedure in writing to the Chairman,
Custody Measurement Standards Committee for resolution. The Chairman,
Custody Measurement Standards Committee shall be solely responsible for
determining whether a proposed request meets the requirements of this procedure.
3 References
The procedures covered by this document shall comply with the latest edition of the
references listed below, unless otherwise noted:
3.1 Saudi Aramco Documents
Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedure

SAEP-302 Instructions for Obtaining a Waiver of a Mandatory
Saudi Aramco Engineering Requirement
Saudi Aramco Engineering Standard

SAES-Y-301 Royalty/Custody Measurement of Hydrocarbon
Liquids using Radar Tank Gauging Systems
Saudi Aramco General Instructions

GI-0405.001 Custody Transfer of Liquid Hydrocarbon Products
Page 2 of 27
GI-0405.007 Royalty Measurement of Hydrocarbon Liquids
3.2 Industry Codes and Standards
American Petroleum Institute (API) Manual of Petroleum Measurement

Standards (MPMS)
Chapter 3.1A Standard Practice for the Manual Gauging of
Petroleum and Petroleum Products
Chapter 3.1B Standard Practice for Level Measurement of Liquid
Hydrocarbons in Stationary Tanks by Automatic
Tank Gauging
Chapter 7 Temperature Determination
4 Definitions and Abbreviations
4.1 Definitions
Automatic level gauge (ATG): An instrument intended to measure

automatically and display the level of the liquid contained in a tank with respect
to a fixed reference. An automatic level gauge includes at least a liquid level-
detecting element, a transducer, if applicable, and an indicating device.
Automatic Tank Thermometers (ATTs): Instruments that continuously

measure temperature in storage tanks. An ATT (also known as an automatic
tank temperature system) typically includes precision temperature sensors, field
mounted transmitters for electronic signal transmission, and receiving/readout
device(s).
Capacity table: A table often referred to as a tank capacity table or calibration

table, showing the capacities of volumes in a tank for various liquid levels
measured from the reference gauge point.
Custody Transfer Measurement: A specialized form of measurement that

provides quantity and quality information used for the physical and fiscal
documentation of a change in ownership and/or responsibility of hydrocarbon
commodities. This includes measurement of hydrocarbon liquid movements
(deliveries or receipts) between Saudi Aramco and its customers, suppliers, joint
ventures and transport contractors including VELA ships.
Datum plate (Dip plate): A level metal plate located directly under the
reference gauge point to provide a fixed contact surface from which liquid depth
measurement can be made.
Page 3 of 27
Error (of indication): The indication of an RTG minus a true value of the
corresponding input quantity.
External Floating Roof: A cover over an open top storage tank consisting of a
deck which rests upon the liquid being contained.
Initial Setting of RTG System: The initial setting of the RTG System is the
process by which the RTG level reading is set equal to the average tank liquid
level; determined by the manual reference level measurement (at a single level).
The initial setting also includes verification of the ATT sensors.
Radar Tank Gauge (RTG): An instrument intended to measure automatically

and display the level of the liquid contained in a tank with respect to a fixed
reference. A Radar Tank Gauge includes at least a liquid level-detecting
element, a transducer, if applicable, and an indicating device.
Radar Tank Gauging (RTG) System: RTG system is defined in this

document as the total of the electronic measuring systems consisting of Radar-
based Tank Gauge (RTG) and Automatic Tank Thermometers (ATT).
Rated operating conditions: The conditions of use, giving the range of values
of influence quantities for which the metrological characteristics are intended to
lie within the specified permissible errors.
Reference point: A point clearly marked on the principal gauge hatch located
along the vertical axis ascending from the dip-ping datum point to indicate the
reference position to which ullage is measured.
Royalty Measurement: A specialized form of measurement that is used as the

basis for paying royalty to the Saudi Arabian Government.
Tank Calibration: The process of determining the capacity of a tank through

field measurements.
Vendor: The party that supplies or sells integrated RTG systems, equipment, or
components.
4.2 Abbreviations
API American Petroleum Institute
ATG Automatic Tank Gauging
ATT Automatic Tank Thermometer
CMU Custody Measurement Unit of Process & Control Systems
Department
Page 4 of 27
FAT Factory Acceptance Test

MINPET Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources
MPMS Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards
NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology
P&CSD Process & Control Systems Department
RTG Radar Tank Gauge
SA Saudi Aramco
SAEP Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedure
SAES Saudi Aramco Engineering Standard
SAMSS Saudi Aramco Material System Specification
SAPMT Saudi Aramco Project Management Team
SAT Site Acceptance Test
SASD Saudi Aramco Engineering Standard Drawing
5 Instructions
This procedure shall be used in conjunction with existing international standards, and is
not intended to replace the standards referenced in Section 3 of this document.
5.1 Verification Stages
The verification of RTG systems used for Royalty/Custody transfer shall be

carried out in six stages:
 Factory verification (prior to RTG installation on the tank).
 Tank evaluation (prior to RTG installation on the tank).
 Installation, setting and initial verification of the RTG system on the tank.
 Third Party Verification of the Installation for Custody/Royalty Transfer
 Subsequent RTG system verification in the field.
 CMU approval of the RTG system for Royalty/Custody transfer service.
5.2 Factory Verification (Prior to RTG Installation on the Tank)
Prior to the installation of an RTG system onto the stilling well of an upright
cylindrical tank, the following pre-installation verifications are required:
Page 5 of 27
5.2.1 The RTG level gauge and ATT shall be checked by the vendor for
conformity with the procedures in Appendix A - Factory Testing
Procedure for RTG Level Gauges and Automatic Tank Thermometers.
5.2.2 The vendor shall produce documentation stating the measurement

performance meets custody transfer requirements. This documentation
shall include at a minimum:
 Identification of the test product and details of the maximum and
minimum lengths of the sensor tested.
 Date and manufacturer of the product
 Dates for the beginning and end of each test
 References to the test results and the test methods used.
 Any variants of the test method used
 Maximum permissible error in the product level measurement
 The repeatability of product level measurement
 The maximum permissible error in temperature measurement
 Temperature range applied to sensors
 Whether water detection capability was tested
 The time and accuracy associated with water level detection
 Temperature range applied to the indicator device
5.2.3 The vendor shall verify the rated operating conditions of the RTG
equipment. The rated operating conditions are determined by:
 Minimum and maximum temperatures and densities of the liquid and
the medium above the liquid.
 Minimum and maximum pressures.
 Characteristics of the liquid and of the medium above the liquid.
 Maximum and minimum level reading of the RTG.
 Environmental conditions.
5.2.4 The vendor shall demonstrate the following information is available for
display on the indicator device:
 The identification of the tank
 Product identification for multiple tank systems
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 The level and/or volume of the product in the tank and /or available
room with an indicated resolution of 0.1 mm and 1 liter.
 The date and time of the reading
 Indication of water (if required)
 High water alarm (if required)
 Sensor disconnection indication
 Visual indication of the power on
5.3 Tank Evaluation (Prior to RTG Installation on the Tank)
Prior to installation of the RTG system on the tank the following tank evaluation
activities shall be performed:
5.3.1 The vendor shall perform a tank inspection to determine acceptability of

the tanks for providing custody quality measurement prior to installation
of the system. These requirements are specified in SAES-Y-301.
5.3.2 The vendor must verify and record the tank reference datum points prior
to installation. These points include the tank bottom reference, upper
reference datum and tank reference height. This information will be
used to ensure the sensor level measurement correctly relates to the
capacity table.
5.3.3 The vendor must record the following measurements when the RTG
level sensor is mounted on the tank:
 The distance between the horizontal levels of the tank upper
reference and the top face of the sensor mounting flange.
 A manual measurement through the sensor mounting flange to the
tank datum plate to establish the sensor reference height.
5.3.4 If the sensor has a water detection capability then the vendor shall
perform the following physical checks to ensure water detection is
capable below the tank suction level:
 The lowest repeatable level of water detection above the bottom of
the sensor.
 The distance between the bottom of the tank suction pipe and the
tank bottom should be verified, plus the distance between the lower
end of the sensor and the tank bottom when the sensor is installed.
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5.4 Installation, Setting and Initial Verification of the RTG system on the Tank
5.4.1 Operations must ensure a thorough cleaning of the datum plate is

performed directly before the RTG installation. A tank may accumulate
deposits such as rust, wax, and sediment on the inside of the shell and on
the datum plate which may affect determination of the reference height.
5.4.2 The Vendor shall confirm that the installed accuracy of the RTG system
is appropriate for the intended service. This is performed by comparing
the RTG level and temperature measurements against the manual
measurements as specified in Appendix D - Procedure for Initial Setting
of the RTG level.
5.4.3 With the tank full of liquid, each temperature sensor shall be verified using
a recently calibrated portable electronic thermometer (PET), in accordance
with API Chapter 7 and Appendix F.2 and F.3. The tolerances for these
comparisons are listed in SAES-Y-301. The procedure for the use of the
PET for manually verifying the ATT sensors is included as Appendix C –
Procedure for Using an Electronic Thermometer in ATT Sensor
Verification.
5.4.4 The Vendor shall confirm traceability and rated operating conditions of
the RTG system meets the requirements listed in SAES-Y-301.
5.4.5 The Vendor shall perform the installation initial verification of the RTG
system.
5.5 Third Party Verification of the Installation for Custody/Royalty Transfer
5.5.1 The final calibration shall be performed by a Saudi Aramco approved

third party contractor who shall be verify the RTG reading at three
random test levels in the top, middle, and bottom third of the gauge
travel. The five consecutive manual gauge readings shall be within an
error band of 4 mm (3/16 inch) or three consecutive manual gaugings
within 1 mm (1/16 in). Failure of either group to check within these
limits is cause for repeating the calibration. Manual Gauging shall
conform to the attached procedure in Appendix B – Procedure for
Manual Gauging of RTG Systems.
5.5.2 The average manual levels and the average RTG levels shall be
compared at each of the three test levels. If the average manual level and
the average RTG level agree within 4 mm (3/16 inch) at all three levels,
the RTG shall be considered properly calibrated for Custody/Royalty
Transfer level measurement and the data shall be submitted to CMU for
final approval.
Page 8 of 27
This procedure is attached as Appendix F – Third Party Verification of

the Installation for Custody/Royalty Transfer.
5.6 Subsequent RTG Verification in the Field
Operations shall perform a regular verification program consisting of the

following elements. The procedure for subsequent verification activities is
specified in Appendix G – Procedure for Subsequent Verification of the RTG
System for Custody/Royalty Transfers and is required for Custody/Royalty
Transfer RTGs:
 All essential components of the RTG installation shall be checked as
recommended by the manufacturer’s instructions.
 Initially, each RTG will be inspected and its level measurement shall be
verified at least three times in the first month, using innage gauging with a
certified gauge tape.
 The ATG shall be inspected and examined to establish that it is in correct
working order.
 When the RTG level reading is being verified, The ATT shall be verified
quarterly according to API MPMS Chapter 7 and Appendix F – Procedure
for Third Party Verification of the RTG Installation for Custody/Royalty
Transfer.
5.7 CMU Approval of the RTG system for Royalty/Custody Transfer Service
CMU approval is required before a tank RTG level measurement can be used for
Custody/Royalty Transfer Measurement. The following documentation shall be
submitted by the Proponent to CMU to obtain this approval:
 New certified tank capacity tables reflecting revised reference height.
 RTG calibration documentation including field notes.
 Initial and final test verification data for RTG Level and ATT measurement.
 Subsequent RTG Level and ATT verification datasheets for 3 months.
 Certification documentation for master gauge tape and portable electronic
thermometer.
5.8 Test Procedures
The following instructions and test procedures are included in Appendices.

Tests shall be carried out within the rated operating conditions:
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 Procedure for the Factory Testing of RTG Level Gauges and Automatic
Tank Thermometers (Appendix A)
 Procedure for Manual Gauging of RTG Systems (Appendix B)
 Procedure for Using Portable Electronic Thermometers in ATT Sensor
Verification (Appendix C)
 Procedure for Initial Setting and Verification of the RTG Level (Appendix D)
 Procedure for Initial Setting of the Automatic Tank Thermometer (ATT)
(Appendix E)
 Procedure for Third Party Verification of the RTG Installation (Appendix F)
 Procedure for Subsequent Verification of the RTG Units (Appendix G)
6 Responsibilities
The Saudi Aramco organizations with tank verification responsibilities shall ensure
personnel become familiar with this SAEP.
6.1 The Proponent Organization shall:

a) When assuming responsibility for project management (e.g., BI-1900
projects), the Proponent(s) shall be responsible for the requirements
specified by SAPMT.
b) Review the draft FAT Procedure and provide your comments to within
10 working days to SAPMT.
c) Review the results from the RTG system pre-FAT.
d) Participate in the FAT including Field calibration and initial verification of
the RTG System.
e) Confirm exception items from FAT have been satisfactorily completed.
f) Review Vendor’s draft SAT Procedure and provide your comments to
within 10 working days to SAPMT.
g) Assist the vendor with the development of RTG and ATT installation
procedure and drawings.
h) Witness the installation of the RTG system and component on each tank.
i) Participate in the SAT including Field calibration and initial verification of
the RTG System.
j) Confirm exception items from SAT have been satisfactorily completed.
Page 10 of 27
k) Approve that the exception items from the Performance Acceptance Punch
List have been satisfactorily completed.
l) Receive the RTG system from the SAPMT.
m) Develop operation instruction manuals for the verification of the RTG
system including the level gauge and temperature sensor. The procedure
shall be based on the applicable requirements as specified in API MPMS
Chapters 3.1B and 7. Forward completed documents to P&CSD/CMU for
review and approval.
n) Consult with CMU on the approval status of Third Party Inspection
Agencies and obtain CMU’s approval on new inspection agencies.
o) Initiate calibration request for the subsequent RTG installations per the
frequency requirements in GI-0405.001 for custody transfer tanks and
GI-0405.007 for royalty transfer tanks.
p) Witness the installation and 3rd Party field calibration process and also
ensure the instruments and procedures applied are in compliance with
international standards.
q) Witness the first subsequent verifications for the RTG system as performed
by a Third Party Inspector and ensure MINPET (for Royalty systems)
witnessing and approval on verification activities.
r) Ensure subsequent verifications shall occur monthly, unless otherwise
specified by operations. These verifications shall cover the oil level,
reference height, individual submerged temperature sensors and free water
in the presence of MINPET representative (for Royalty systems).
The certified RTG units shall then be re-sealed after verification.
s) Review the verification certificates for the allowable tolerances as stated in
GI-0405.001 for custody transfer tanks and GI-0405.007 for royalty transfer
tanks.
t) Consult with CMU for technical inquiries about the calibration and/or
documentation process cannot be resolved in-house.
u) Maintain complete records for the calibration and verification results of the
RTG system components.
6.2 Saudi Aramco Project Management Team (SAPMT) shall:

a) Review the draft FAT Procedure. Submit draft FAT Procedure and
accompanying documentation to Proponent(s) and CMU for review, and
CMU's submittal to MINPET (for Royalty systems) if required. Forward
Page 11 of 27
all comments received within 15 working days to Proponent or Vendor for

implementation.
b) Submit the final FAT Procedure to Proponent(s) and CMU. If applicable,
include an additional copy for MINPET (for Royalty systems) in the
transmittal to CMU.
c) Notify Proponent(s), CMU of the schedule for the FAT.
d) Review the results from the RTG system pre-FAT.
e) Coordinate the FAT and initial verification of the RTG System and inform
CMU of the verification results.
f) Submit approved FAT report to Proponent(s) and CMU.
g) Review Vendor's draft SAT Procedure. Submit draft SAT Procedure to
Proponent(s) and CMU for review. Forward all comments within
15 working days to Proponent or Vendor for implementation.
h) Submit final SAT Procedure to Proponent(s) and CMU.
i) Confirm exception items from FAT have been satisfactorily completed.
Advise Vendor that all exception items from the FAT have been completed.
j) Assist the vendor with the development of RTG and ATT installation
procedure and drawings.
k) Monitor the installation of the RTG system and component on the tanks.
l) Coordinate the SAT, Field calibration and initial verification of the RTG
System and inform the proponent and CMU of the test results for
concurrence.
m) Confirm exception items from SAT have been satisfactorily completed.
Advise Vendor that all exception items from the SAT have been completed.
n) Obtain approval from the Proponent that the exception items from the
Performance Acceptance Punch List have been satisfactorily completed.
o) Contract initial RTG system verification to Third Party Inspection Agencies.
p) Close out the project.
6.3 Process and Control Systems Department (P&CSD)/ Custody Measurement Unit
(CMU) shall:
a) Review the draft FAT Procedure and provide comments within 10 working
days to SAPMT.
Page 12 of 27
b) Approve the final FAT document.

c) Review the results from the RTG system pre-FAT.
d) Participate in the FAT including Field calibration and initial verification of
the RTG System.
e) Confirm exception items from FAT have been satisfactorily completed.
f) Approve the FAT report.
g) Review Vendor's draft SAT Procedure and provide comments within 10
working days to SAPMT.
h) Approve the final SAT Procedure.
i) Obtain the final SAT Procedure from SAPMT
j) If requested by SAPMT, assist the vendor with the development of RTG
and ATT installation procedure and drawings.
k) Participate in the SAT including Field calibration and initial verification of
the RTG System.
l) Confirm exception items from SAT have been satisfactorily completed.
m) If requested, assist in developing the operation instruction manuals for the
verification of their RTG system including the level gauge and temperature
sensor. The procedure shall be based on the applicable requirements as
specified in API MPMS Chapters 3.1B and 7. Forward completed
documents to P&CSD/CMU for review and approval.
n) Provide the Proponent list of the approved Third Party Inspection Agencies.
o) If necessary, witness one subsequent verification per year for the RTG
system as performed by a Third Party Inspector and ensures MINPET
witnessing (for Royalty systems) and approval on verification activities.
p) Review the verification certificates for the allowable tolerances as stated in
GI-0405.001 for custody transfer tanks and GI-0405.007 for royalty transfer
tanks.
q) If requested, provide consultation to the Proponent if a technical inquiry
about the calibration and/or documentation process cannot be resolved
in-house.
r) Provide technical assistance to the Proponent, Operating Department and
SAPMT on matters pertaining to RTG verification.
Page 13 of 27
s) Reviews measurement and engineering requirements in project proposal

and supporting documentation provided by Proponent and SAPMT for the
installation of the RTG system per the requirements in GI-0405.001 for
custody transfer tanks and GI-0405.007 for royalty transfer tanks.
The Technical Director of the Custody Measurement Unit (CMU), Process
and Control Systems Department, will provide approval of the RTG for
Custody/Royalty Transfer use on a tank-by-tank basis.
t) Seek MINPET approval (for Royalty systems) through the proper channels
after completing the case evaluation if the RTG system is intended for
royalty measurement.
u) Conduct a technical review of the bids and provide approvals. CMU shall
receive notification from the Proponent/SAPMT of the selected RTG
system vendor.
v) Review and approve the Vendor design drawings.
w) Review and approve procedures and test results from the FAT, Field
calibration and initial verification of the RTG System.
7 Activity Matrix
Step Activity/Work Item Perform Review Approve

Proponent/CMU/
1. Developing FAT Procedure SAPMT Proponent/CMU (1)
MINPET
Proponent/CMU/
2. Scheduling the FAT SAPMT (1)
MINPET
SAPMT/Vendor/
SAPMT/Vendor/
3. Conducting FAT Proponent/CMU
Proponent/CMU (1)
MINPET
Proponent Proponent/CMU/
4. Developing SAT Procedure SAPMT (1)
CMU MINPET
Proponent/CMU/
5. Scheduling the SAT SAPMT (1)
MINPET
Developing RTG and ATT
Proponent/CMU/
6. installation procedure and Vendor SAPMT (1)
MINPET
drawings
Installing RTG system and SAPMT/
7. Vendor
component on the tanks Proponent/CMU
SAPMT/
SAPMT/
8. Conducting SAT Vendor Proponent/
(1) Proponent
CMU/MINPET
Issuing Performance Proponent/CMU/
9. Vendor SAPMT (1)
Acceptance Certificate MINPET
Page 14 of 27
Step Activity/Work Item Perform Review Approve

Developing operation
10. instruction manuals for the Proponent CMU CMU
RTG system
SAPMT/Vendor/
11. Commissioning the system Vendor Proponent/CMU/
(1)
MINPET
Providing list of approved
12. Third Party Inspection CMU
Agencies
Initiate first calibration
13. request for the first Proponent
subsequent RTG installations
Performing the first Third Party
(1)
14. calibration for the Inspection Proponent CMU//MINPET
subsequent verification Agency
Initiate subsequent
calibration request for the
15. Proponent
first subsequent RTG
installations
Performing the subsequent Third Party
16. calibration for the Inspection Proponent Proponent
subsequent verification Agency
Maintaining the verification
17. Proponent
records
Note:
(1)
Required for royalty tank gauging systems only. MINPET involvement is coordinated with CMU.
Revision Summary
7 September 2011 New Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedure.
3 September 2013 Editorial Revision to change the primary contact.
Page 15 of 27
Appendix A – Procedure for the Factory Testing

of RTG Level Gauges and Automatic Tank Thermometers
A.1 Level Gauge Performance Tests
A.1.1 General
These tests are carried out on instruments before being installed on a tank.
The equipment under test shall be clean and free of moisture. It shall be
mounted and put into operation in accordance with the manufacturer’s
specifications before the test is started. The unit shall be in normal operation
throughout the test. The unit shall be thoroughly checked after the termination
of each test and sufficient time shall be allowed for recovery.
Tests shall be performed under normal test conditions. When the effect of one
factor is being evaluated, all other factors are to be held relatively constant, at a
value close to the reference conditions. Reference conditions for this purpose
are 20°C ±5°C, ambient atmospheric pressure, 60% ±15% relative humidity,
nominal voltage. The electromagnetic environment of the laboratory shall not
influence the test results.
The temperature is considered constant when the difference between the extreme
temperatures noted during the test does not exceed 5°C, and the rate of change
does not exceed 5°C per hour.
When subjected to the effect of influence factors as provided for in A.2, the
instrument shall continue to operate correctly and the indications shall be within
the maximum permissible errors.
A.1.2 Accuracy
A minimum of 10 test points rising from zero to a value close to the measuring
range and similarly descending shall be selected for testing. From the
indications of the level gauge, the error of the RTG level measurement and of all
level differences shall be evaluated by comparison with a certified standard.
The certified reference should be traceable to national standards and should be
provided with a calibration correction table. The uncertainty of the reference
should not exceed ±1 mm, with the calibration correction applied.
Page 16 of 27
A.1.3 Influence Factor Tests
These tests are intended to ensure that the instrument will perform as intended
within the rated operating conditions. These tests are mandatory for any RTG
Level.
A.1.4 Static Temperatures
The test consists of exposing the equipment under test to constant temperatures
for a 2-hour period after the equipment under test has reached temperature
stability.
For the high temperature, 55°C shall be taken as a rule, except for devices used
indoors for which 40°C shall be taken, and for special cases(*).
For the low temperature, -25°C shall be taken, except for devices used indoors
for which +5°C shall be taken.
The following tests shall be carried out after the two-hour period:
• Accuracy test according to A.1.2 at three levels: high, middle, and low levels
The tests shall be carried out in the following sequence:

• At the reference temperature.
• At the specified high temperature.
• At the specified low temperature.
The change of temperatures shall not exceed 1°C/min during heating and
cooling.
The absolute humidity of the test atmosphere shall not exceed 0.020 kg/m³,
unless the operation manual gives different specifications.
A.1.5 Damp Heat, Steady State (not applicable to devices used indoors)
This test may be omitted if the damp heat, cyclic test (A.1.6) is extended to 6
cycles.
The test consists of exposing the equipment under test to a constant temperature
of 40°C and a constant relative humidity of 93% for a period of 4 days.
The handling of the equipment under test shall be such that no condensation of
water occurs.
(*)
For applications in areas where the temperature considerably exceeds 55°C by solar radiation the test shall be carried out at
85°C if no measures are taken to avoid such radiation (for example, by insulation or by screening the radiation) at the
installation of the RTG LEVEL.
Page 17 of 27
During the 4th day, conduct an accuracy, test according to A.1.2 at three levels:
high, middle, and low.
A.1.6 Damp Heat, Cyclic (not applicable to devices used indoors)
The test consists of exposing the equipment under test to 2 cycles of temperature
variation between 25°C and 55°C, maintaining the relative humidity above 95%
during the temperature change and low temperature phases, and at 93% ±3% at
the upper temperature phases. Condensation should occur on the equipment
under test during the temperature rise.
During the last phase of low temperature tank accuracy test according to A.1.2
at three levels shall be carried out.
A.1.7 Power Voltage Variation

a) AC Power Supply
The test consists of exposing the equipment under test to a power supply
voltage which varies between 110% of V and 85% of V, where V is the
value marked on the instrument; if a range of voltages (V min, V max) is
marked then the test shall be performed at V max +10% and V min - 15%.
The frequency variation lies between +2% and -2% of the nominal
frequency of the power network.
Where an instrument is powered by a three-phase supply, the voltage

variations shall apply for each phase successively.
b) DC Power Supply
The test consists of exposing the equipment under test to the limits of the
specified power supply conditions.
After stabilization in the stated supply conditions, tests shall be performed

on accuracy, discrimination, and hysteresis.
All functions shall operate as designed.
Page 18 of 27
A.2 ATT Performance Tests
Single-point or mid-level ATT systems should be calibrated at the factory in one of the
following ways:
1. The ATT shall be initially calibrated at the factory and be of the multiple point
variety consisting of separate RTD temperature sensors. ATTs to be used for
custody transfer are verified either as a system, or by components. If verified as a
system, the average temperature reading of the ATT should agree with the bath
temperature within 0.25ºC (0.5ºF) at a minimum of three test temperatures. If the
ATT is verified by components, the temperature equivalent of the measured
resistance should agree with the bath temperature within 0.20ºC (0.40ºF) at each
temperature, the temperature transmitter, and the ATT readout should be checked
using precision resistors or a recently calibrated thermal calibrator. The ATT
readout should agree with the temperature equivalent of the resistors within
0.15ºC (0.30ºF) at each temperature.
2. Alternately, the components of the ATT system are separately calibrated.
Measure the resistance of the temperature element in the bath. The bath
temperature and the temperature equivalent to the resistance should be within
±0.15ºC or 0.25ºF at each temperature. Separately, use precision resistors or a
thermal calibrator (recently calibrated against a reference traceable to NIST) to
simulate temperature input to the temperature transmitter-converter and to the
readout of the ATT system. The temperature measured and displayed by the ATT
system and the temperature input should be calibrated to within ± 0.15ºC or 0.25ºF
at each temperature.
A.3 Installation Requirements
ATT shall be installed so that they are a minimum distance of 900 mm from the tank
shell and as far as possible from heating coils and swing arms. In order to reduce or
eliminate the effects of turbulence, they should be preferably on the opposite side of
the tank from the inlet and outlet connections and well away from tank mixers.
They should be accessible from gage platform.
Page 19 of 27
Appendix B –Procedure for Manual Gauging of RTG Systems
(Note: This procedure is in accordance with API 3.1A requirements.)
1. The master gauge tape and bob shall conform to the specifications required for innage gauging
identified in API Chapter 3 Section 3.1A.7.1. Cut tapes are not acceptable for this application.
2. Handling the RTG sending unit and the stilling well shall be done in a way as to ensure that no
damage occurs. When reinstalling the cone insert ensure that it is installed straight and in-line
with the sending unit, prior to screwing down the clamping nut. The RTG level reading shall be
verified to be the same as it was prior to removing the cone.
3. After safely grounding the tape, slowly lower the bob and tape into the tank, pausing shortly
after the bob breaks the liquid surface to allow the turbulence to settle. Stop when the bob is
within a short distance of the bottom as determined by the length unwound from the reel in
comparison to the reference gauge height of the tank.
4. Then, with the tape adjacent to the reference height gauge point, lower the tape slowly until the
tip of the bob just touches the datum plate.
5. Record the tape reading at the reference gauge point and note any variance from the reference
gauge height of the tank. The comparison of the reference gauge point tape reading to tank
reference gauge height is an indication that the gauge bob is suspended in a vertical position
while in contact with the datum plate or tank bottom.
6. When obtaining innage gauges, be sure the tape is lowered at the same reference gauge point
for both the opening and closing gauges.
7. Withdraw the tape from the tank until the liquid cut is observed. Read the tape scale at the
liquid cut and note this reading as the innage gauge.
Page 20 of 27
Appendix C – Procedure for Using an Electronic Thermometer

in ATT Sensor Verification
The following procedure is recommended for verifying individual sensor readings with an
electronic thermometer:
1. Verify the condition of the battery before and after each use.
2. Attach an electrical ground between the thermometer and the tank before opening the
hatch.
3. Set the temperature range selector as appropriate.
4. Lower the sensing probe to the sensor’s level.
5. Raise and lower the probe 0.3 meters (1 foot) above and below the predetermined level to
allow rapid stabilization.
6. After temperature has stabilized, read and record the temperature at the measured depth.
7. Repeat steps 4, 5, and 6 at each level if multiple temperatures are required.
8. Determine the average temperature.
9. Report the average temperature to the nearest 0.1ºC or 0.1ºF.
10. After use, clean all parts of the thermometer assembly with a suitable solvent and dry it
with a cloth to prevent the formation of insulating film.
Recommended Immersion Times for Electronic Thermometer
Temperature Differential
API Gravity at 60ºF In Motion
< 2.5ºC (< 5ºF)
> 50 30 seconds 5 minutes
40 to 49 30 seconds 5 minutes
< 20 75 seconds 45 minutes
Page 21 of 27
Appendix D – Procedure for Initial Setting of the RTG Level
The following procedure is recommended for the initial setting of the RTG Level device:
1. Initial setting shall be done when the tank is approximately half-full, and the RTG level
unit shall be set to the average of the manual readings.
2. The RTG Level unit reading shall be adjusted according to the manual average readings in
the Tank Calibration Length field in order to obtain agreement between measurement and
actual level.
3. Tank Reference Height shall be checked in the software interface to ensure the system is
presenting the correct value.
4. Tank reference height must be measured at the official gauging access position unit until
three consecutive measurements agree within the range of 1 mm (1/16 inch) or five
consecutive measurements agree within a range of 3 mm (1/8 inch). The allowable
tolerance between the measured and calibration reference height in 1/8 inch.
5. The level of the tank contents must be determined by reference manual measurements
from the same gauging access point (using the same measurement tape and weight) until 3
consecutive measurements agree within a range of 1 mm (1/16 inch) inch or 5 consecutive
measurements within a range of 3 mm (1/8 inch).
6. When setting is made, the ATG reading shall coincide with the manually measured level.
7. Adjustment shall be performed once at the initial setting, and shall not be repeated unless
the tank conditions are altered.
Page 22 of 27
Appendix E – Procedure for Initial Setting

of the Automatic Tank Thermometer (ATT)
1. During the initial setting of the ATT, a Portable Electronic Thermometer (PET) meeting
the requirements specified in Appendix C shall be used to collect temperature readings as
specific Resistance temperature Detectors (RTD) locations. The allowable tolerance
between each submerged RTD and PET reading is ±1.0ºF (±0.5ºC).
2. The thermometer may be considered to have reached stability if, with a moving probe, the
readout varies by no more than ±0.2ºF (±0.1ºC) for 30 seconds.
3. Before each use, the PET shall be spot checked by comparing it against a certified ASTM
glass stem thermometer in liquid. If the readings differ by more than ± 0.5ºF (±0.2ºC), the
PET shall be re-calibrated.
4. After using the PET in heavy oils, all parts of the thermometer shall be cleaned with a
suitable solvent and dried with a cloth to prevent formation of an insulating film.
5. The condition of the battery shall be checked before and after each use.
Page 23 of 27
Appendix F – Procedure for Third Party Verification of the RTG Installation
F.1 Third Party level calibration shall be performed per the instructions below:
1. The reference height shall be measured using a master gauge tape, which extends
all the way to the datum plate. The reference height shall be determined as the
average of 3 consecutive measurements agree within a range of 1 mm (1/16 inch)
inch or 5 consecutive measurements within a range of 4 mm (3/16 inch)., in
accordance with the method detailed in API 3.1B.6.2.
2. The tank shall be filled with liquid to the top of the tank measurement range.
If the liquid used for this verification test is at a temperature other than ambient
(i.e., hot crude oil), the tank shall remain full for a minimum of 2 hours prior to
the test. This is to allow the stilling well to come to thermal equilibrium.
3. The tank level shall be drawn off at a rate that is similar to the actual loading rate,
when in service. When the level reaches 1/3 full or less the draw off will stop and
the tank will be allowed to set for ½ hour.
4. Repeat step 3.
5. If the reference height changes by more than 2 mm (2/16 in) from official
reference height, from full to empty, the stilling well is unsuitable for
Custody/Royalty Transfer Measurement. Refer to API 3.1B.4.5 for possible
reasons that the reference height may be changing. The most common one is that
stilling well is too close to the sidewall of the tank and the tank is bulging.
6. The current reference height, measured above, will be verified against official
reference height prior to modification. This verification will be performed and
documented by an independent third party. If this verification is not performed,
re-strapping of the tank will be required prior to use. In the event the current
reference height is not the same as the official reference height, the suitability of
the tank for the installation of an RTG is questionable and requires CMU review
and approval.
Page 24 of 27
F.2 Third Party Temperature Field Verification by Components
Separate calibration checks of the temperature element and the temperature transmitter
are performed as follows:
1. Temperature Element
Use a recently calibrated electronic digital thermometer to verify the measurement

from the ATT temperature element. Lower the thermometer to the depth at which
the element is located. The temperature measured by the thermometer and by the
element should be within ±0.5°C or 1°F.
2. Temperature Transmitter
The ATT system, excluding the temperature element, can be verified by using a
temperature calibrator (for example, precision resistors or a thermal calibrator) to
simulate temperature input a three or more temperatures covering the expected
tank operating temperatures. The ATT output or display should agree with the
calibrator within ± 0.25°C (0.5°F) at each temperature. The temperature calibrator
and precision resistors should be previously calibrated against a reference certified
by NIST.
F.3 Third Party Temperature Field Verification as a System
As an alternate to separate calibration checks of the temperature element and the

transmitter, a portable electronic digital thermometer, calibrated immediately before
verification, may be used to verify the entire ATT system. Because it may not be
possible to position the thermometer close to the temperature element and because
slight horizontal temperature stratification may exist, the measurement by the
thermometer may not agree completely. In general, for ambient storage tanks, if the
sensing element of the portable electronic thermometer can be placed within 1 meter
(3 feet) of the fixed temperature element, calibration by a portable electronic
thermometer is acceptable. If the temperature measured by the thermometer and by the
fixed temperature element is within ± 0.5ºC (or 1ºF), the ATT system is considered
within calibration.
This method should not be used in heated tanks where uneven heating by heating coils
is often encountered.
Page 25 of 27
Appendix G – Procedure for Subsequent Verifications of the RTG Units
G.1 General
1. The allowable tolerance for level is 4 mm (3/16 inch) and for the temperature is
±0.5ºC (1.0ºF).
2. Only certified measurement tape and weight combination and certified portable
electronic thermometer shall be used during the verifications.
3. Each tank shall be verified at a single level for the liquid measurement once per
month.
4. The liquid level where the RTG Level is verified shall be randomly chosen and
shall be within the normal opening and closing gauges of the tank.
5. The ATT system shall be checked each quarter by comparison of PET and RTD
readings.
6. The RTG units shall be verified as follows: three times in the first month of
installation and once each month thereafter.
7. Verifications shall cover oil level, reference height, submerged temperature
sensors, and free water.
G.2 Level Verification Procedure
Dedicated operations personnel shall perform the following actions for monthly field
level verifications:
1. Ensure the measurement equipment (identified in G.1) has current certifications
and is in good condition.
2. Ensure all appropriate paperwork is completed and filed as required by local
procedures. This required information includes recording the reference height that
is registered in the tank strapping table, recording the Distributed Control System
(DCS) reading of the oil level, individual submerged temperature sensor readings,
and free water.
3. Check that Data Acquisition Unit before climbing the tank and ensure both
readings (DCS & DAU) are the same.
4. The stenciled reference height on the side of the tank near the stairway and on (or
near) the gauging platform is (are) the same as the one recorded in the tanks
strapping table.
Page 26 of 27
5. After climbing the tank to the gauging platform and standing upwind, ensure that
RTG cone is installed properly and sealed.
6. After proper grounding, break the seals and remove the RTG cone for manual
gauging.
7. Perform gauging actions in accordance with Appendix A – Manual Gauging
Procedure for RTG Systems.
8. Repeat Step 8 the required number of times (3 times within 1 mm (1/16 in) or 5
times within 4 mm (3/16 in) and record the oil cut to the nearest 1 mm (1/16 inch).
9. After measuring the reference height, oil level, and free water, the tape shall be
wiped clean and stored in a safe place.
G.3 Temperature Verification Procedure
Dedicated operations personnel shall perform the following actions for quarterly
monthly field temperature verifications:
“ATT verifications can be performed either by API Chapter 7, Section 8.1.2.2 Initial
Field Verification, Component Method or As a System.”
1. By the Component Method, record each submerged temperature sensors reading
in accordance with the procedure specified in Appendix C – Procedure for using
an Electronic Thermometer in ATT Sensor Verification.
2. For the System Method, with the tank nearly full take taking ten temperature
readings evenly spaced covering the entire liquid level. The average temperature
reported the portable thermometer and the average reported by the ATT system
(System Test) or individual temperature element (Component Test) must be
within ±0.5ºC or 1ºF.
3. After verifying all the submerged temperature sensors, retain the RTG cone
(if applicable) to its place and ensure it is secured properly.
4. The RTG unit must be sealed if the results are within the allowable tolerance.
If the results are out of the allowable tolerance, the failed RTG unit shall be
reported to the General Supervisor for checking and re-calibration. CMU shall
also be notified of the failed system.
5. Confirm temperature reading with the control room.
6. If the System Test fails repeat with the Component Test to determine if a
temperature sensor has failed.
7. Report and file all applicable paperwork associated with the verification.
Page 27 of 27

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Engineering Procedure

SAEP-28 3 September 2013

Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards

Previous Issue: 7 September 2011 Next Planned Update: 7 September 2016

Copyright©Saudi Aramco 2013. All rights reserved.

This procedure is restricted to stilling well mounted RTG systems in atmospheric

2 Conflicts and Deviations (Mandatory)

3.1 Saudi Aramco Documents

Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedure

Saudi Aramco Engineering Standard

Saudi Aramco General Instructions

GI-0405.007 Royalty Measurement of Hydrocarbon Liquids

3.2 Industry Codes and Standards

American Petroleum Institute (API) Manual of Petroleum Measurement

4 Definitions and Abbreviations

Automatic level gauge (ATG): An instrument intended to measure

Automatic Tank Thermometers (ATTs): Instruments that continuously

Capacity table: A table often referred to as a tank capacity table or calibration

Custody Transfer Measurement: A specialized form of measurement that

Radar Tank Gauge (RTG): An instrument intended to measure automatically

Radar Tank Gauging (RTG) System: RTG system is defined in this

Royalty Measurement: A specialized form of measurement that is used as the

Tank Calibration: The process of determining the capacity of a tank through

FAT Factory Acceptance Test

5.1 Verification Stages

The verification of RTG systems used for Royalty/Custody transfer shall be

5.2 Factory Verification (Prior to RTG Installation on the Tank)

5.2.2 The vendor shall produce documentation stating the measurement

5.3 Tank Evaluation (Prior to RTG Installation on the Tank)

5.3.1 The vendor shall perform a tank inspection to determine acceptability of

5.4.1 Operations must ensure a thorough cleaning of the datum plate is

5.5 Third Party Verification of the Installation for Custody/Royalty Transfer

5.5.1 The final calibration shall be performed by a Saudi Aramco approved

This procedure is attached as Appendix F – Third Party Verification of

5.6 Subsequent RTG Verification in the Field

Operations shall perform a regular verification program consisting of the

5.8 Test Procedures

The following instructions and test procedures are included in Appendices.

6.1 The Proponent Organization shall:

6.2 Saudi Aramco Project Management Team (SAPMT) shall:

all comments received within 15 working days to Proponent or Vendor for

b) Approve the final FAT document.

s) Reviews measurement and engineering requirements in project proposal

Step Activity/Work Item Perform Review Approve

Step Activity/Work Item Perform Review Approve

Appendix A – Procedure for the Factory Testing

A.1 Level Gauge Performance Tests

A.1.3 Influence Factor Tests

A.1.4 Static Temperatures

The tests shall be carried out in the following sequence:

A.1.6 Damp Heat, Cyclic (not applicable to devices used indoors)

A.1.7 Power Voltage Variation

Where an instrument is powered by a three-phase supply, the voltage

After stabilization in the stated supply conditions, tests shall be performed

All functions shall operate as designed.

A.2 ATT Performance Tests

A.3 Installation Requirements

Appendix B –Procedure for Manual Gauging of RTG Systems

(Note: This procedure is in accordance with API 3.1A requirements.)

Appendix C – Procedure for Using an Electronic Thermometer

Recommended Immersion Times for Electronic Thermometer

< 20 75 seconds 45 minutes

Appendix D – Procedure for Initial Setting of the RTG Level