Math Prog Map Ks34 v2.01

Pearson Progression Scale and Map for Maths ages 11-16 - Version 2.
01
Introduction
We are creating Progression Scales and Maps in order to help schools track student progress.
progresses in a subject, and how knowledge, understanding and skills build upon each other. W
student performance in a way that is easy to understand and is reliable.
1. Progression scale - with key progress descriptors, Steps
2. Progression map - with prerequisites, boosters and specification references for richer
3. Progression Summary - Key progress descriptors from the full Progression Map
4. Progression Steps - A per step view organised by strand
Steps
1. The 11-16 progression map uses a scale of 12 Steps, to describe performance.
2. The 1st Step is roughly indicative of old NC Level 3. The 12th Step represents the highest G
3. Expected average performance is one Step per year.
4. Schools may want to set additional aspirational targets by adding an additional Step.
5. We anticipate the average student will enter Year 7 working at the 3rd or 4th Step.
In our published resources, Steps may be shown like this…
Versioning
This is Version 2.0 released 11-09-15. This version features...
- Further refinement and removal of duplication to improve clarity of the progression descript
- A new worksheet showing a summary of progress descriptors which have been selected due
descriptors
We welcome your feedback for improvements, at progressionscale@pearson.com.
Usage
The Progression Scale and Map are free for schools to use, with Pearson credited as the sourc
Disclaimer
This material has been published on behalf of Pearson. This does not mean that the material is
nor does it mean that is the only suitable material available to support any Pearson qualificatio
on the Qualifications website, http://qualifications.pearson.com/en/home.html
Register for updates and to be notified of the latest versions at www.pearsonschools.co.u

ack student progress. These represent our view of how learning
uild upon each other. We hope they will give you richer insight into
eferences for richer reporting and feedback

rogression Map
epresents the highest GCSE performance.

dditional Step.
d or 4th Step.
e progression descriptors
ave been selected due to their importance in underpining other progress
arson.com.
n credited as the source.
ean that the material is essential to achieve any Pearson qualification,

ny Pearson qualification. Copies of official specifications may be found
e.html
.pearsonschools.co.uk/progression
11- 16 Progression Scale for Maths
Strand Topic
Accuracy and
Number bounds
Accuracy and
Number bounds
Accuracy and
Number bounds
Accuracy and
Number bounds
Accuracy and
Number bounds
Accuracy and
Number bounds
Accuracy and
Number bounds
Accuracy and
Number bounds
Accuracy and
Number bounds
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Combinations
Number Combinations
Number Compound
measures
Compound
Number measures
Number Compound
measures
Number Decimals
Number Decimals
Number Decimals
Number Decimals
Number Decimals
Number Factors and

multiples
Number Factors and
multiples
Factors and
Number multiples
Number Factors and
multiples
Number Factors and
multiples
Factors and
Number multiples
Number Factors and
multiples
Factors and
Number multiples
Factors and
Number multiples
Number Factors and
multiples
Number Factors and
multiples
Factors and
Number multiples
Number Factors and
multiples
Number Factors and
multiples
Factors and
Number multiples
Number Factors and
multiples
Factors and
Number
multiples
Factors and
Number multiples
Number Factors and
multiples
Factors and
Number multiples
Factors and
Number multiples
Number Factors and
multiples
Number Fractions
Number Fractions
Number Fractions
Number Fractions
Fractions and
Number decimals
Fractions and
Number decimals
Number Fractions and
decimals
decimals
Fractions and
Number decimals
Fractions and
Number decimals
Fractions and
Number decimals
Fractions and
Number decimals

decimals
Fractions and
Number decimals
Fractions and
Number decimals and
percentages
Fractions and
Number decimals and
percentages
Fractions and
Number decimals and
percentages
Fractions and
Number decimals and
percentages
Fractions and
Number decimals and
percentages
Fractions and
Number decimals and
percentages
Fractions and
Number decimals and
percentages
Indices, powers and
Number roots
Indices, powers and
Number roots
Number Indices, powers and
roots
roots
Indices, powers and
Number roots
roots
roots
Indices, powers and
Number roots
roots
Indices, powers and
Number
roots
Indices, powers and
Number roots
roots
Indices, powers and
Number roots
Indices, powers and
Number roots
roots
Indices, powers and

Number
roots

roots
roots
Indices, powers and

Number
roots
roots
Indices, powers and
Number roots
roots
Indices, powers and
Number roots
Indices, powers and
Number roots
Indices, powers and

Number roots

roots
Indices, powers and
Number roots
Indices, powers and
Number roots
Indices, powers and
Number roots
Indices, powers and
Number roots
Indices, powers and
Number roots
Indices, powers and
Number roots
Indices, powers and
Number roots

roots
Number Place value
Number Place value
Number Place value
Number Place value
Number Place value
Number Place value
Number Place value
Number Place value
Number Place value
Number Place value
Number Place value
Number Place value
Number Place value
Number Place value
Number Place value
Number Place value
Number Ratio
Number Ratio
Number Rounding
Number Rounding
Number Rounding
Number Rounding
Number Rounding
Number Rounding
Number Rounding
Number Rounding
Number Rounding
Number Rounding
Number Standard form
Number Surds
Number Surds
Number Surds
Number Surds
Algebra Equations
Algebra Equations
Algebra Equations
Algebra Equations
Algebra Equations
Algebra Equations
Algebra Equations
Algebra Equations
Algebra Equations
Algebra Equations
Algebra Equations
Algebra Equations
Algebra Equations
Algebra Equations
Algebra Equations
Algebra Equations
Algebra Equations
Algebra Equations
Algebra Equations
Algebra Equations
Algebra Expanding brackets
Algebra Expressions
Algebra Expressions
Algebra Expressions
Algebra Expressions
Algebra Expressions
Algebra Expressions
Algebra Expressions
Algebra Expressions
Algebra Expressions
Algebra Expressions
Algebra Expressions
Algebra Expressions
Algebra Expressions
Algebra Expressions
Algebra Expressions
Algebra Expressions
Algebra Expressions
Algebra Expressions
Algebra Expressions
Algebra Expressions
Expressions,
Algebra Expressions
formulae and
identities (including
Algebra using letter symbols
and distinguishing
Algebra their different roles
Factorising
in algebra)
Algebra Factorising
Algebra Factorising
Algebra Factorising
Algebra Factorising
Algebra Factorising
Algebra Formulae
Algebra Formulae
Algebra Formulae
Algebra Formulae
Algebra Formulae
Algebra Formulae
Algebra Formulae
Algebra Functions
Algebra Functions
Algebra Functions
Algebra Functions
Algebra Functions
Algebra Functions
Algebra Functions
Algebra Functions
Algebra Functions
Algebra Functions
Algebra Functions
Algebra Functions
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Inequalities
Algebra Proof
Algebra Proof
Algebra Proof
Algebra Proof
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Sequences
Algebra Simplifying
Algebra Simplifying
Algebra Simplifying
Algebra Simplifying
Algebra Simplifying
Algebra Simplifying
Algebra Simplifying
Algebra Simplifying
Algebra Simplifying
Algebra Simplifying
expressions
Algebra Simultaneous
equations
Simultaneous
Algebra equations
equations
equations
Simultaneous
Algebra equations
Simultaneous
Algebra
equations
equations
Simultaneous
Algebra equations
equations
Probability Calculations
Conditional
Probability probability
Conditional
Probability Conditional
probability
Probability Diagrams/listing
Experimental
Probability Experimental
probability
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
Probability Probability scale and
language
language
Probability scale and
Probability language
language
Probability
language
language
Probability Sample space

Probability Tables
Probability Tables
Probability Tables
Probability Tables
Probability Tables
Probability Tree diagrams
Statistics Application and

justification
Application and
Statistics justification
Application and
Application and
Application and
Application and
Statistics Construct statistical
charts
Construct statistical
Statistics charts
Statistics charts
charts
charts
Statistics charts
charts
charts
Statistics charts
charts
Statistics
charts
Statistics charts
charts
Statistics charts
Statistics charts
charts
charts
Statistics charts
charts
charts
Statistics charts
Statistics charts
charts
charts
Statistics charts
charts
charts
Statistics charts
charts
Statistics
charts
Statistics charts
charts
Statistics charts
Statistics charts
charts
charts
Histograms and
Statistics cumulative
frequency
Histogramsgraphs
and
frequency
Histogramsgraphs
and
frequency graphs
Histograms and
frequency
Histogramsgraphs
and
frequency
Histogramsgraphs
and
frequency
Histogramsgraphs
and
frequency
Histogramsgraphs
and
frequency
Histogramsgraphs
and
frequency
Histogramsgraphs
and
frequency graphs
Mean, median,
Statistics mode and range
Statistics Mean, median,
mode and range
Mean, median,
Statistics
mode and range
Mean, median,
mode and range
Mean, median,
Mean, median,
mode and range
mode and range
Mean, median,
mode and range
mode and range
Mean, median,
Mean, median,
mode and range
mode and range
Mean, median,
Mean, median,
Mean, median,
Mean, median,
Mean, median,
Mean, median,
Mean, median,
Mean, median,
Mean, median,
Mean, median,
Mean, median,
mode and range
Mean, median,
mode and range
mode and range
mode and range
Mean, median,
Mean, median,
Mean, median,
Mean, median,
Mean, median,
Mean, median,
Mean, median,
Mean, median,

mode and range
Mean, median,
Statistics
mode and range
Mean, median,
mode and range
Mean, median,
Statistics Sampling
Statistics Sampling
Statistics Sampling
Statistics Sampling
Statistics Sampling
Statistics Sampling
Statistics Sampling
Statistics Sampling
Statistics Sampling
Statistics Sampling
Statistics Sampling
Statistics Sampling
Statistics Sampling
Statistics Sampling
Statistics Scatter graphs


Geometry and
measures Accurate drawing
Geometry and Accurate drawing
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
Accurate drawing
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures Angle properties
Geometry and
Geometry and Angle properties
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
Angle properties
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
Geometry and
Geometry and
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
Geometry and Area and volume
measures
Geometry and
Area and volume
measures
Geometry and
measures Area and volume
measures
Geometry and
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
Area and volume
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
Geometry and

measures

measures
Geometry and
Area and volume
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
Geometry and
Geometry and Circle theorems
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures Circle theorems
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
Circle theorems
measures
Geometry and
measures Congruence
Geometry and Congruence
measures
Geometry and
measures Congruence
Geometry and
measures Congruence
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures Congruence
Geometry and
measures Congruence
Geometry and
measures Congruence
Geometry and
measures Congruence
Geometry and
measures Congruence
Geometry and
measures Congruence
Geometry and
measures Congruence
Geometry and
measures Congruence
Geometry and
measures Constructions
Geometry and
Geometry and
Geometry and
Geometry and
Geometry and
Geometry and
Geometry and
Geometry and
Geometry and Constructions
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
Constructions
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
Geometry and
Geometry and
Geometry and
Geometry and
measures Measurement
Geometry and
Geometry and Measurement
measures
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
Measurement
measures

measures

measures
measures
Geometry and
Parallel lines
measures
Geometry and
measures Parallel lines
Geometry and Right-angled
measures triangles
measures triangles
measures triangles
measures triangles

measures triangles

measures triangles
measures triangles
measures triangles
measures triangles
measures triangles
measures triangles
measures triangles
measures triangles
Geometry and
measures Shape properties
Geometry and
Geometry and
Geometry and Shape properties
measures
Geometry and
Geometry and
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
Shape properties
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
Shape properties
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
measures and proof
measures and proof
measures and proof
Geometry and
measures Transformations
Geometry and Transformations
measures
measures
Geometry and
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
Transformations
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
Geometry and
Geometry and
Geometry and Trigonometry
measures
Geometry and
measures Trigonometry
Geometry and
measures Trigonometry
measures
measures
Geometry and
Trigonometry
measures

measures
Geometry and
measures Vectors
Geometry and Vectors
measures
Geometry and
Vectors
measures
Geometry and
measures Vectors
Geometry and
measures Vectors
Geometry and
measures Vectors
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures Vectors
Ratio, proportion and Calculations
rates of change
rates of change
Ratio, proportion and
rates of change Calculations
rates of change
Calculations
rates of change
rates of change
Ratio, proportion and Compound
rates of change measures
Ratio, proportion and Conversions
rates of change
rates of change
rates of change Conversions
rates of change
rates of change
rates of change
rates of change
rates of change
Conversions
rates of change
Ratio, proportion and Direct and indirect
rates of change proportion
Ratio, proportion and Fraction notation
rates of change
rates of change Fraction notation
rates of change
rates of change
rates of change Fraction notation
Ratio, proportion and Graphs
rates of change
Graphs
rates of change
rates of change Growth and decay
Ratio, proportion and Growth and decay
rates of change
Ratio, proportion and Growth and decay
rates of change
Ratio, proportion and Identifying
rates of change
rates of change Identifying
Ratio, proportion and Identifying
rates of change
Ratio, proportion and Multiplicative
rates of change reasoning
rates of change reasoning
rates of change relationships
Ratio, proportion and Percentages
rates of change
rates of change
rates of change Percentages
rates of change

rates of change

rates of change


rates of change
Percentages
rates of change
rates of change

Percentages
rates of change


rates of change Scale diagrams
Ratio, proportion and Scale diagrams

rates of change
Ratio, proportion and Similarity

rates of change
Similarity
rates of change
rates of change Similarity
rates of change
Similarity
rates of change
rates of change
rates of change Simplifying ratio
Ratio, proportion and Simplifying ratio
rates of change
rates of change
rates of change
rates of change
Progress descriptor Step
Round positive whole numbers to the nearest 10, 100 or 1000 1st
Round decimals to the nearest whole number 3rd
Round numbers to significant figures 4th

Identify upper and lower bounds for rounding of discrete and continuous
data 6th
Identify the upper and lower bounds of a measurement 6th

Recognise that measurements given to the nearest whole unit may be
inaccurate by up to one half in either direction. Use error intervals. 6th
Use inequality notation to specify simple error intervals due to truncation
or rounding 9th
Calculate the upper and lower bounds of 2-D measurements e.g. area 11th
Calculate the upper and lower bounds of other compound measurements
e.g. density 11th
Add three or more multiples of 10 1st
Find a difference by counting up through the next multiple of 10 1st
Partition to multiply mentally TU × U 1st
Use doubling 1st
Use halving 1st
Know by heart multiplication facts up to 10 × 10 1st
Use standard column procedures to add and subtract whole numbers 1st
Add, subtract multiply and divide integers - positive and negative 1st
Understand that halving is the reverse of doubling 2nd
Multiply and divide integers by 10 and 100, and explain the effect 2nd
Understand addition and subtraction as they apply to whole numbers and 2nd
decimals
Extend written methods to HTU × U 2nd
Apply four operations in correct order to integers and proper fractions 2nd
Multiply and divide decimals by 10, 100, 1000, and explain the effect 3rd
Multiply by 0 3rd
Understand multiplication as it applies to whole numbers and decimals 3rd
Understand division as it applies to whole numbers and decimals 3rd
Extend written methods to HTU ÷ U 3rd

Use standard column procedures to add and subtract decimals with up to
two places 3rd
Extend written methods to TU × TU 3rd
Know and use the order of operations 3rd
Quickly derive associated division facts 3rd
Check a result by working it backwards 3rd
use symbols = , ≠, <, >, ≤, ≥ 4th
Multiply three-digit by two-digit whole numbers 4th
Divide three-digit by two-digit whole numbers 4th
Extend written methods to U.t × U 4th

Multiply decimals with one or two places by single-digit whole numbers 4th
Begin to add and subtract simple fractions and those with simple common
denominators 4th
Add and subtract positive integers from negative integers 4th
Multiply and divide negative integers by a positive number 4th
Add and subtract integers - positive and negative numbers 4th
Multiply and divide negative integers by a negative number 4th
Be able to subtract integers and decimal with up to two decimal places 4th
Be able to add and subtract integers and decimal with varying numbers of
decimal places 4th
Be able to add and subtract more than two integers or decimals with up to
two decimal places, but with varying numbers of significant figures and 4th
using a mixture of operation within the calculation
Use the order of operations with brackets, including in more complex

calculations 4th
Use inverse operations 4th
Simplify fractions by cancelling all common factors 4th

Be able to work with calculations where numbers are squared within a
bracket 4th
Know that the contents of brackets are evaluated first 4th

Use conventional notation for priority of operations, including brackets
and powers 4th
Divide decimals with one or two places by single-digit whole numbers 5th
Add and subtract simple fractions with denominators of any size 5th
Multiply a fraction by an integer 5th

Be able to multiply any number by 0.1 and 0.01 5th
Be able to divide any number by 0.1 and 0.01 5th
Understand the effect of multiplying by any integer power of 10 5th
Understand the effect of dividing by any integer power of 10 5th
Add and subtract negative integers from positive and negative numbers 5th
Use mental strategies for multiplication - doubling and halving strategies 5th
Use mental strategies for multiplication - partitioning two 2 digit numbers

where one number includes a decimal (both numbers have two significant 5th
figures)
Use mental strategies for multiplication of decimals - doubling and halving 5th
strategies
Have strategies for calculating fractions and decimals of a given number 5th
Add and subtract up to 3 fractions mixing both addition and subtraction

into the calculation, with denominators less than or equal to 12 and using
the LCM denominator in the calculation - the answer can be a mixed 5th
number
Add mixed number fractions without common denominators, where the

fraction parts add up to more than 1 5th
Multiply an integer by a fraction 5th

Be able to work with calculations where the brackets are squared or
square rooted 5th
Be able to estimate answers to calculations involving 2 or more operations
and BODMAS 5th
Understand that each of the headings in the place value system, to the 6th
right of the tens column, can be written as a power of ten
Write numbers as a decimal number of millions or thousands, e.g. 23 600
000 as 23.6 million 6th
Use knowledge of place value to calculate the product or division of two
decimals where one or both are less than 1 and at least one has two digits 6th
other than zero.
Divide integers and decimals, including by decimals such as 0.6 and 0.06
(divisions related to 0.t × 0.t or 0.t × 0.0h, 0.0h × 0.t and 0.0h × 0.0h) 6th
Use standard column procedures to add and subtract integers and

decimals of any size, including a mixture of large and small numbers with 6th
different numbers of decimal places
Multiply and divide by decimals, dividing by transforming to division by an

integer 6th
Divide an integer by a fraction 6th

Be able to simplify expressions containing powers to complete the
6th
calculation
Understand which part of an expression is raised to a power by knowing

the difference between 3 × (7 + 8)² and 3² × (7 + 8) and (3 × (7 + 8))² 6th
Recognise and use relationships between operations, including inverse 6th

operations
Understand that each of the headings in the place value system, to the left
7th
of the units column, can be written as a power of ten
Multiply both sides of an inequality by a negative number 7th
To understand the difference between squaring a negative number and

subtracting a squared number within a more complex calculation 7th
Find the reciprocal of simple numbers/fractions mentally, e.g. 10 and 1/10,

1/3 and 3 etc. 7th
Understand the order in which to calculate expressions that contain

7th
powers and brackets in both the numerator and denominator of a fraction
Know that a number multiplied by its reciprocal is 1 7th
Know that the reciprocal of a reciprocal is the original number 7th

Use conventional notation for priority of operations, including roots and
reciprocals 7th
Apply systematic listing strategies 5th
Use the product rule for counting (i.e. if there are m ways of doing one task
and for each of these, there are n ways of doing another task, then the 10th
total number of ways the two tasks can be done is m × n ways)
Calculate average speed, distance, time - in mph as well as metric 6th

measures
Convert between metric speed measures 6th
Understand and use compound measures: density; pressure; speed 7th

Round numbers and measures to an appropriate degree of accuracy ( dp or
7th
sig fig)
Round numbers to decimal places 3rd
Add and subtract decimals - positive and negative 4th
Multipy and divide decimals - positive and negative 5th

Understand the effect of multiplying or dividing any number between 0
and 1 6th
Apply simple tests of divisibility (2, 9, 10, 5) 1st
Recognise multiples up to 10 × 10 1st
Apply simple tests of divisibility (3, 6, 4, 25) 2nd

Recognise and use multiples and factors (divisors) and use simple tests of 3rd
divisibility
Identify numbers with exactly 2 factors (primes) 3rd
Understand the difference between factor, multiple and prime numbers 3rd
Find all the factor pairs for any whole number without any support 3rd
Able to determine factors and multiples of numbers by listing 3rd
Understand the vocabulary of prime numbers, factors (divisors), multiples,
common factors, common multiples. 3rd
Recognise that every number can be written as a product of two factors 3rd
Find common factors and primes 4th

Recognise and use common factor, highest common factor and lowest
common multiple 4th
Find the prime factor decomposition of a number less than 100 4th
Find the HCF or LCM of two numbers 4th

Know the prime factorisation of numbers up to 30. They must give their
answers as powers 4th
Recognise two digit prime numbers 4th
Find lowest common multiple by listing 5th
Recognise rules relating to odd and even numbers 5th

Understand the vocabulary of highest common factor, lowest common 5th
multiple
Find HCF and LCM using Prime Factors 7th
Use prime factorisation to represent a number as a product of its primes
using index notation 7th
Recognise that prime factor decomposition of a positive integer is unique 7th

Multiply and divide simple fractions (proper and improper) - positive and 6th
negative
Add and subtract fractions (proper and improper) -positive and negative 6th
Add and subtract fractions (mixed) - positive and negative 7th
Multiply and divide simple fractions (mixed) - positive and negative 8th
Convert terminating decimals to fractions, e.g. 0.23 = 23/100 3rd
Recall known facts including fraction to decimal conversions 3rd
Use division to convert a fraction to a decimal 5th
Convert a terminating decimal to a fraction and simplify the fraction 5th
Work interchangeably with terminating decimals and their corresponding

fractions ( such as 3.5 and 7/2 or 0.375 or 3/8) 5th
Learn fractional equivalents to key recurring decimals e.g. 0.333333...,

0.66666666..., 0.11111... and by extension 0.222222... 5th
Know the denominators of simple fractions that produce recurring

decimals, and those that do not 5th
Use halving and doubling strategies on fractions to find decimal

equivalents of other fractions, e.g. 1/4 = 0.25 so 1/8 is half of 0.25 etc. 6th
Original fact is given
Convert a recurring decimal to a fraction in simple cases 10th
Understand a recurring decimal to fraction proof 10th
Extend mental methods of calculation to include percentages 3rd
Calculate simple percentages 3rd

Calculate simple fractions of quantities and measurements (whole-number
4th
answers)
Extend the percentage calculation strategies with jottings to find any

percentage, e.g. 17.5% by finding 10%, 5% and 2.5%, and adding 4th
Interpret percentage as the operator 'so many hundredths of' 5th
Calculate fractions of quantities and measurements (fraction answers) 5th
Convert a fraction to a decimal to make a calculation easier 6th

Know square numbers, 10 × 10, 1 × 1 to 5 × 5 1st
Know square numbers 6 × 6 to 9 × 9 2nd
Recognise the first few triangular numbers 3rd
Know square numbers beyond 10 × 10 3rd
Find roots of square numbers upto 100 (i.e. roots upto 10) 3rd
Use index notation for squares and cubes and for positive integer powers 4th
of 10 (e.g. write 27 as 3³ and 1000 as 10³)
Give the positive and negative square root of a square number 5th
Know all the squares of numbers less than 16 and be able to know the
square root given the square number 5th
Use index notation for small integer powers, e.g. 24 = 3 × 2³ 5th
Find and interpret roots of non square numbers using square root key 5th
Extend mental calculations to squares and square roots 5th
Extend mental calculations to cubes and cube roots 5th
Be able to estimate square roots of non square numbers less than 100 5th
Use positive integer powers and associated real roots (square, cube and
higher) 5th
Recall the cubes of 2, 3, 4, 5 and 10 5th
Be able to find square roots by factorising, e.g. square root of 324 is square
6th
root of 4 × 81 which is 18. 324 = 4 × 81 should be given
Be able to find cube roots by factorising, e.g. cube root of 216 is cube root 6th
of 8 × 27 which is 6. 216 = 8 × 27 should be given to them
Mentally be able to calculate the squares of numbers less than 16 6th
multiplied by a multiple of ten, e.g. 0.2, 300, 0.400
Combine laws of arithmetic for brackets with mental calculations of

6th
squares, e.g. (23 − 13 + 4 − 8)²
Combine laws of arithmetic for brackets with mental calculations of cubes, 6th
e.g. (23 − 13 + 4 − 8)³
Combine laws of arithmetic for brackets with mental calculations of square
roots, e.g. √(45 + 36) 6th
Combine laws of arithmetic for brackets with mental calculations of cube 6th
roots, e.g. ³ √(89 + 36)
Be able to use mental strategies to solve word problems set in context
using square roots and cube roots mentally 6th
Establish index laws for positive powers where the answer is a positive
power 6th
Extend the patterns by using the index law for division established for
positive power answers, to show that any number to the power of zero is 1 6th
Use an extended range of calculator functions, including +, -, x, , x², √x,

6th
memory, xy, x1/y, brackets
Use the square, cube and power keys on a calculator 7th

Use the index laws to include negative power answers and understand that
these answers are smaller than 1 7th
Use the laws of indices to multiply and divide numbers written in index
notation 7th
Calculate with roots (surds - exact values) 8th
Estimate powers and roots of any given positive number 9th
Recall that n0 = 1 and n-1 = 1/n for positive integers n as well as n1/2 = √n 9th
and n1/3 = ³ √n for any positive number n
Find the value of calculations using indices including fractional and
negative indices 10th
Understand that the inverse operation of raising a positive number to a 10th

power n is raising the result of this operation to the power 1/n
Use diagrams to compare two or more simple fractions 1st
order positive and negative integers 1st

Be able to order positive decimals as a list with the smallest on the left. 2nd
Decimals should be to 4 or 5 significant figures
Be able to order positive decimals with the largest on the left. Decimals 2nd
should be to 4 or 5 significant figures
Be able to use > or < correctly between two positive decimals. Decimals
should be to 4 or 5 significant figures 2nd
Know what each digit represents in numbers with up to two decimal places 2nd
Put digits in the correct place in a calculation 2nd
Compare decimals in different contexts 3rd
Understand and use decimal notation and place value 3rd

Be able to order negative decimals with the smallest on the left. Decimals
4th
Be able to order negative decimals with the largest on the left. Decimals
should be to 2 or 3 significant figures 4th
Be able to use > or < correctly between two negative decimals. Decimals 4th
Order fractions, decimals and percentages 4th
Use the equivalence of fractions, decimals and percentages to compare
proportions (i.e. compare a fraction and a percentage) 5th
Order fractions by converting them to decimals or otherwise 6th
Use one calculation to find the answer to another 6th

Express a multiplicative relationship between two quantities as a ratio or a
fraction 6th
Convert between currencies 7th
Approximate before carrying out an addition or subtraction 3rd

Make estimates and approximations of calculations - use a range of ways
to find an approximate answer 4th
Check a result by considering if it is of the right order of magnitude 4th

Work with numbers rounded to whole numbers or to 1 or 2 decimal places 4th
to estimate solutions
Use rounding to the nearest 10 or a nice number, e.g. 62 to 63 when 4th
dividing by 9 etc.
Use numbers of any size rounded to 1 significant figure to make
standardized estimates for calculations with one step 6th
Know there are different ways of finding an approximate answer 6th
Estimate answers to calculations by rounding numbers to 1 sig. fig 7th
Check reasonableness of answers 7th
Estimate answers to one- or two-step calculations 7th
Interpret a calculator display using standard form 6th

Use standard form display and know how to enter numbers in standard
form 6th
Write numbers greater than 10 in standard index form 7th
Write numbers less than 10 in standard index form 8th
Order numbers written in standard index form 8th

Convert between large and small numbers into standard form and vice- 8th
versa
Add and subtract in standard form 8th
Multiply and divide numbers in standard form 8th
Simplify surd expressions involving squares ( e.g. √12 = √ (4 × 3) = 2 √3) 10th
Use fractions, surds and pi in exact calculations, without a calculator 10th

Write (3 - √3)² in the form a + b √3 11th
Rationalise a denominator 11th
Substitute integers into algebra equations and solve for missing values 4th
Construct expressions from worded descriptions, using addition and 4th
subtraction (a+3, 50-c) E.g. add 7 to a number (answer n+7)
Construct expressions from worded descriptions, using addition,

subtraction and multiplication e.g. 3a, a + b, 2 + a + b + 3 = 5 + a + b, a × b, 4th
a×a
Solve simple two-step linear equations with integer coefficients, of the

5th
form ax ± b = c, e.g. 3x + 7 = 25
Construct expressions from worded descriptions, using all 4 basic
operations e.g. 30/x, x - y, m/2, 3m + 4, a+ a + 3, a² 5th
Construct equations by linking expressions to given information, e.g. if the

expression 2d + 18 is used to find the cost of hiring a machine for d days 5th
and I spend £34 hiring it, form an equation using this information
Solve linear equations with integer coefficients in which the unknown 6th
appears on either side or on both sides of the equation.
Construct and solve equations involving brackets e.g. 5(x +2) = 22 - x 6th
Solve equations of the form (ax +/- b)/c =(dx +/- e)/f [one of c or f should 7th
be 1]
Solve linear equations which involve brackets, including those that have 7th
negative signs and those with a negative solution
Use systematic trial and improvement to find the approximate solution to
7th
one decimal place of equations such as x³ + x = 50
two decimal place of equations such as x³ - x = 70 7th
Use systematic trial and improvement to find the approximate solution to 7th
one decimal place of equations such as x³ = 29
Construct and solve equations that involves multiplying out brackets by a
7th
negative number (e.g. 4(2a - 1) = 32 - 3(2a - 2))
Derive a simple formula, including those involving squares, cubes and roots 7th
Solve quadratic equations algebraically by factorising 8th
Solve linear equations in one unknown with fractional coefficients 9th
Solve quadratic equations by completing the square 9th
Solve simple quadratic equations by using the quadratic formula 10th
Solve quadratic equations arising from algebraic fractions 12th

Begin to multiply a single positive term over a bracket containing linear 4th
terms e.g. 4(x+3)
Simplify after multiplying a single term over a bracket 6th
Multiply out brackets involving positive terms such as (a + b)(c + d) and
collect like terms 7th
Expand double brackets (ax ± b)(cx ± d) 9th
Expand two or more brackets 10th
Substitute positive integers into simple formulae expressed in words 3rd
Use function machines to create expressions 3rd

Substitute positive integers into simple formulae expressed in letter
symbols, e.g. a+/- b, a × b 4th
Substitute integers into more complex formulae expressed in letter
symbols, e.g. a/b, ax +/- b 4th
Identify variables and use letter symbols, e.g. 'the cost of hiring a van...', c = 4th
cost, v = van
Identify formulae and functions 4th
Identify the unknowns in a formula and a function 4th
Explain the distinction between equations, formulae and functions 4th
simplify algebraic expressions by collecting like terms 4th

Create basic expressions from worded examples e.g 6 more than x 4th
Substitute positive integers into more complex formulae (involving

brackets and more than one operation) expressed in letter symbols (e.g. D 5th
= n(n − 3)/2 where D is the number of diagonals in a polygon of n sides)
Substitute positive and negative integers into simple formulae 5th
Write expressions to solve problems representing a situation 5th

Understand the difference between an expression and an equation and the
meaning of the key vocabulary 'term' 5th
Understand the different role of letter symbols in formulae and functions 5th
Select an expression/ equation/ formula from a list 5th
Substitute a positive value into the expression x² 6th

Substitute positive integers into expressions involving small powers (up to 6th
3)
Select an expression/ equation/ formula/identity from a list 6th
Substitute positive and negative integers into linear expressions and
expressions involving powers 7th
Know and understand the meaning of an identity and use the≠ sign 7th
Simplify simple linear algebraic expressions by collecting like terms (e.g. a + 3rd
a + a, 3b + 2b)
Use distributive law with brackets, with numbers 3rd
Use the distributive law to take out numerical common factors, e.g. 6a + 8b 6th
= 2(3a + 4b)
Manipulate expressions by taking out common factors, not necessarily the
6th
highest e.g. 4x + 8 = 2(2x + 4)
Factorise to one bracket by taking out the highest common factors for all
terms e.g. 2x²y + 6xy² = 2xy(x + 3y) 7th
factorise quadratic expressions of the form ax² + bx + c, including the 10th
difference of two squares
factorise quadratic expressions of the form ax² + bx + c 10th
Change the subject of a formula in one step e.g. y = x + 4 6th

Find an unknown where it is not the subject of the formula and where an 7th
equation must be solved.
Rearrange simple equations 7th
In simple cases, change the subject of the formula, e.g. make c the subject
of the formula from y = mx + c 8th
Change the subject of a formula including where the subject is on both 8th
sides
Change the subject of a more complex formula that involves the square
root e.g. make l the subject of the formula T = 2pi √(l/g) 9th
Change the subject of a complex formula that involves fractions, e.g. make
u or v the subject of the formula 1/v + 1/u =1/t 9th
Find outputs of simple functions in words and symbols 2nd

Find outputs of more complex functions expressed in words (e.g. add 6 3rd
then multiply by 3)
Find the inputs of simple functions expressed in words by using the output 3rd
and inverse operations
Use function machines to find coordinates 3rd
Find outputs of more complex functions and inputs using inverse 4th
operations
Construct functions to describe mappings (completing a number machine) 4th
Express simple functions in symbols 5th
Generate four quadrant coordinate pairs of simple linear functions 5th
Use function notation 10th
Find the inverse of a linear function 11th
Find f(x) + g(x), 2f(x), f(3x) etc algebraically 12th

Interpret the succession of two functions as a 'composite function' e.g for
12th
f(x) and g(x) find gf(x)
Read x and y coordinate in the first quadrant 2nd

Discuss and interpret line graphs and graphs of functions from a range of 3rd
sources
Read values from straight-line graphs for real-life situations 3rd
Draw, straight-line graphs for real-life situations 3rd
Use conventions and notation for 2-D co-ordinates in all four quadrants. 3rd
Draw, label and scale axes 3rd
Plot a simple distance-time graph (straight-line graphs) 4th
Read x and y coordinate in all four quadrants 4th

Identify points with given coordinates and coordinates of a given point in
all four quadrants 4th
Plot and draw graphs of y = a, x = a, y = x and y = -x 4th
Draw and use graphs to solve distance-time problems. 5th

Interpret information from a complex real life graph (fixed charge/unit 5th
cost), read values and discuss trends
Find the coordinates of points identified by geometrical information in 2D ( 5th

all four quadrants) for simple shapes e.g. squares and rectangles
Plot a graph of a simple linear function in the first quadrant. 5th
Plot and draw graphs of straight lines using a table of values 5th
Drawing and recognising lines parallel to axes, plus y = x and y = -x 5th

Begin to consider the features of graphs of simple linear functions, where y
is given explicitly in terms of x, e.g. y = x, y = 2x, y = 3x are all straight lines 6th
that pass through the origin, vary in steepness depending on the function
Use gradients to interpret how one variable changes in relation to another 6th
Discuss and interpret linear and non linear graphs from a range of sources 6th
Draw distance-time graphs and velocity-time graphs 6th
Find the coordinates of the midpoint of a line from a given graph 6th
Plot the graphs of simple linear functions in the form y = mx + c in four
quadrants 6th
Recognise that equations of the form y = mx + c correspond to straight-line 6th
graphs in the coordinate plane
Know that the gradient of a line is the change in y over change in x. 7th
Without drawing the graphs, compare and contrast features of graphs such
as y = 4x, y = 4x + 6, y = x + 6, y = -4x, y= x - 6 7th
Identify parallel lines from their equations 7th

Generate points and plot graphs of simple quadratic functions, then more
7th
general functions
Construct a table of values, including negative values of x for a function
such as y = ax² 7th
Recognise a graph which represents a quadratic function 7th

Plot the graphs of linear functions in the form y = mx + c and recognise and
compare their features 7th
Recognise that linear functions can be rearranged to give y explicitly in
terms of x e.g. rearrange y + 3x - 2 = 0 in the form y = 2 - 3x 7th
Identify and interpret gradient from an equation y=mx+c 8th
Find the equation of a straight-line from its graph 8th
Identify the line of symmetry of a quadratic graph 8th
Recognise that when the linear and inverse of a linear function such as y =
2x, y = 3x are plotted, they are a reflection in the line y = x 8th
Interpret distance-time graphs and calculate the speed of individual 8th

sections, total distance and total time
Interpret gradient as rate of change in distance-time and speed-time
graphs, containers emptying and filling and unit price graphs 8th
Identify and interpret roots, intercepts and turning points of a quadratic 8th
graph
Given the coordinates of points A and B, calculate the length of AB 8th
Plot and draw graphs of straight lines WITHOUT using a table of values (use
intercept and gradient) 8th
Write down the equation of a line parallel to a given line 8th
Identify and interpret gradient from an equation ax+by=c 9th

Find approximate solutions of a quadratic equation from the graph of the
corresponding quadratic function 9th
Recognise, sketch and interpret graphs of simple cubic functions 9th
Recognise, sketch and interpret reciprocal graphs 9th

Find the coordinates of the midpoint of a line from coordinates using a
formula 9th
Deduce turning points by completing the square 10th

Sketch a graph of a quadratic by factorising, identifying roots and y-
intercept , turning point 10th
Find the equation of the line through two given points 10th
Find the equation of the line through one point with a given gradient 10th
Know that a line perpendicular to the line y = mx + c, will have a gradient of
-1/m 10th
Write down the equation of a line perpendicular to a given line 10th

Interpret and analyse a straight line graph and generate equations of lines
parallel and perpendicular to the given line 10th
Plot graphs of the exponential function y = kx for integer values of x and 11th
simple positive values of k
Recognise, sketch and interpret graphs of trigonometric functions (in 11th
degrees) for sin, cos and tan within the range -360° to +360°
Interpret transformations of graphs and write the functions algebraically,
e.g. write the equation of f(x) + a or f(x - a) 11th
Apply to the graph of y = f(x) the transformations
y = -f(x)
Apply to the graph of y = f(x) the transformations 11th
y = f(-x)
y = f(x)
-f(-x)+ for
a linear, quadratic, cubic, sine and cosine functions
y = f(ax 11th
y = f(x + a)
y = af(x) for linear, quadratic, cubic, sine and cosine functions f(x)
Construct the graphs of simple loci including the circle x² + y² = r² for a
circle of radius r centred at the origin of the coordinate plane 11th
Find the gradient of the radius that meets the circle at a given point 11th
Estimate area under a quadratic graph by dividing it into trapezia 12th

Interpret the gradient of linear or non-linear graphs, and estimate the
gradient of a quadratic or non-linear graph at a given point by sketching 12th
the tangent and finding its gradient
Find the equation of a tangent to a circle at a given point 12th
Interpret coodinates for trigonometric graphs 12th

Plot graphs of the exponential function y = abx for integer values of x and 12th
simple positive values of a and b.
Recognise a quadratic function from its equation and explain the shape of
it's graph 8th
Use the correct notation to show inclusive and exclusive inequalities 3rd
Show inequalities on a number line 4th
Write down whole number values that satisfy an inequality 6th

Solve simple linear inequalities in one variable and represent the solution
on a number line e.g. 3n + 2 <11 and 2n - 1 >1 7th
Represent the solution set for inequalities using set notation 7th
Solve more complex linear inequalities in one variable and represent the
solution on a number line e.g. -6 < 2n+4 or -9 < 2n + 3 < 7 8th
Solve linear inequalities in two variables graphically 9th

Solve two simultaneous inequalities algebraically and show the solution set
on a number line 9th
Solve quadratic inequalities in one variable, by factorising and sketching
the graph to find critical values 10th
Argue mathematically to show algebraic expressions are equivalent e.g 7th

2x(x + 3) - 4(3x - x²) = 6x(x - 1)
Use algebra to support proofs e.g. show that the volume of a cube with
side lengths of (2x - 1)cm is (8x³ - 12x² + 6x - 1)cm³ 8th
Use algebra to support and construct arguments 8th
Answer simple proof and 'show that' questions using consecutive integers
(n, n+ 1), squares a², b², even numbers 2n, and odd numbers 2n + 1 9th
Describe simple functions in words (e.g. add 3, multiply by 6, subtract 4) 3rd
Generate terms of a simple sequence using term to term rules like +3, -2 3rd
Find the next term in a sequence, including negative values 3rd

Generate and describe simple integer sequences - square and triangle
numbers 3rd
Generate terms of a simple sequence arising from practical contexts 3rd

Generate terms of a more complex sequence arising from practical
contexts 3rd
Find a term given its position in a sequence like tenth number in 4 × table
is 40 (one operation on n) 4th
Find a term of a practical sequence given its position in the sequence 4th
Generate terms of a linear sequence using term-to-term using positive or 4th
negative integers.
Find a specific term in the sequence using term-to-term rules 4th
Generate and describe integer sequences such as powers of 2 and growing 4th
rectangles
Know that an arithmetic sequence is generated by a starting number , then
4th
adding a constant number
Write the term-to-term definition of a sequence in words 4th
Generate terms of a linear sequence using position to term with positive
integers. 5th
Recognise arithmetic sequences from diagrams and draw the next term in 5th
a pattern sequence
Predict how the sequence should continue and test for several more terms 5th
Recognise simple sequences including triangular, square, cube numbers
and Fibonacci-type sequences 5th
Begin to use linear expressions to describe the nth term in a one-step 5th
arithmetic sequence (e.g. nth term is 3n or n + 5)
Begin to use linear expressions to describe the nth term in a two-step 5th
arithmetic sequence (e.g. nth term is 3n + 1 or n/2 − 5)
Find a specific term in the sequence using position-to-term rules 6th
Recognise sequences including those for odd and even numbers 6th
Begin to use formal algebra to describe the nth term in an arithmetic
6th
sequence.
Find and use the nth term of an arithmetic sequence 7th
Generate arithmetic sequences of numbers , squared integers and 8th
sequences derived from diagrams
Identify which terms cannot be in a sequence 8th
Generate the sequence of triangle numbers by considering the

arrangement of dots and deduce that T(n) = 1 + 2 + 3 + .... + n, the sum of 8th
the series
Recognise and use simple geometric progressions (rn where n is an integer

8th
and r is a rational number number > 0 or a surd)
By looking at the spatial patterns of triangular numbers, deduce that the

8th
nth term is 1/2n(n + 1)
Use function machines to find terms of sequence 8th
Continue a quadratic sequence and use the nth term to generate terms 9th
Use finite/infinite and ascending/ descending to describe sequences 9th
Distinguish between arithmetic and geometric sequences 9th

Continue geometric progression and find term to term rule, including 9th
negative, fraction and decimal terms
Find the nth term of a quadratic sequence of the form n² ,an², an² ± b, an² 11th
± bn ± c,
Use iteration with simple converging sequences 12th
Use notation and symbols correctly 3rd

Know that expressions can be written in more than one way, e.g. 2 × 3 + 2 4th
× 7 = 2(3 + 7)
Use arithmetic operations with algebra 4th
Multiply together two simple algebraic expressions, e.g. 2a × 3b 4th

Know that expressions involving repeated multiplication can be written as
6th
n, n², n³
Understand the difference between 2n and n² 6th
Simplify expressions involving brackets and powers e.g. x(x²+x+4), 3(a + 2b) 9th
− 2(a + b)
Square a linear expression and collect like terms 9th
Simplify and manipulate algebraic expressions involving surds and
algebraic fractions 10th
Simplify simple expressions involving index notation 7th

Solve exactly, by elimination of an unknown, linear/linear simultaneous 8th
equations, including where both need multiplying
Solve linear/linear simultaneous equations graphically 8th
Solve simultaneous equation, linear/linear simultaneous equations,where 8th
neither or one equation needs multiplying
Write simultaneous equations to represent a situation 8th
Set up and solve a pair of simultaneous equations in two variables 8th
Solve simultaneous equations representing a real-life situation graphically

8th
and interpret the solution in the context of the question
Solve exactly, by elimination of an unknown, linear/quadratic simultaneous 10th

equations
Find approximate solutions to simultaneous equations formed from
one linear function and one non-linear ( quadratic or circle) function using 10th
a graphical approach
Solve exactly, by elimination of an unknown, linear/x² + y² = r² 11th
simultaneous equations
Apply the property that the probabilities of an exhaustive set of outcomes 4th
sum to 1
Know that if the probability of an event is p, the probability of it not
occurring is 1-p 5th
Identify different mutually exclusive outcomes and know that the sum of 5th
probabilities of all outcomes is 1
Estimate the number of times an event will occur, given the probability and
5th
the number of trials
Compare experimental and theoretical probabilites 5th
Compare relative frequencies from samples of different sizes 5th
Use a two-way table to calculate conditional probability 10th
Use a tree diagram to calculate conditional probability 10th
Use Venn diagrams to calculate conditional probability 10th
Identify all possible mutually exclusive outcomes of a single event 4th

Identify all mutually exclusive outcomes for two successive events with
two outcomes in each event 5th
Identify all mutually exclusive outcomes for two successive events with 5th
three outcomes in each event
Record outcomes of events in tables and grids 5th
Draw a probability tree diagram based on given information (no more than
3 branches per event) 6th
Record outcomes of events in a Venn Diagram 7th
Apply probabilities from experimental data to a different experiment in

simple situations (only looking at one outcome) - how many successes 4th
would you expect?
Understand and use experimental and theoretical measures of probability,

including relative frequency to include outcomes using dice, spinners, coins 4th
etc.
Apply probabilities from experimental data to a different experiment (a

combination of two outcomes) - how many successes would you expect? 5th
Apply probabilities from experimental data to a different experiment in

applying to two step outcomes, e.g. spin a spinner twice and total the two 6th
numbers. Which total is the most likely?
Identify conditions for a fair game - from a small set of options 6th
Use a probability scale with words. 3rd
Mark events and/or probabilities on a probability scale of 0 to 1 3rd
Use the vocabulary of probability 4th
Understand and use the probability scale from 0 to 1 4th
When interpreting results of an experiment use vocabulary of probability 5th
Find the probability of an event happening using relative frequency 5th
Write probabilities in words, fractions, decimals and percentages 5th

Find and justify probabilities based on equally likely outcomes in simple
contexts 4th
Calculate the probability of the final event of a set of mutually exclusive
events. 6th
Use and draw sample space diagrams 6th

Use theoretical models to include outcomes using spinners, dice, coins etc. 7th
Work out probabilities from frequency tables 5th
Work out probabilities from two-way tables 5th

Draw a frequency tree based on given information and use this to find 6th
probability and expected outcome
Record outcomes of probability experiments in tables 6th
Find a missing probability from a list or two-way table including algebraic 8th
terms
Use tree diagrams to calculate the probability of two independent events 6th
Use tree diagrams to calculate the probability of two dependent events 8th
Use tree diagrams to calculate the probability of two dependent events 8th
Understand conditional probabilities and decide if two events are
10th
independent
Understand selection with or without replacement 10th
Use a tree diagram to calculate conditional probability 10th
Choose and justify appropriate diagrams, graphs and charts, using ICT as 3rd
appropriate, to illustrate a short report of a statistical enquiry
Interpret and/or compare bar graphs and frequency diagrams which are
misleading (with false origins, different scales etc.) 5th
Interpret pie charts and line graphs taking into account different sized
samples 5th
Identify which graphs are the most useful in the context of the problem 6th
Interpret and discuss data 6th

Interpret and analyse information in a range of linear graphs - to describe
how one variable changes in relation to another 9th
Draw conclusions based on the shape of line graphs 3rd

Represent data in a table 3rd
Extract data and interpret discrete bar charts 3rd
Find mode from a discrete data bar chart 3rd
Extract data and interpret line graphs 3rd
Find mode group from a discrete data grouped bar chart 3rd
Construct on paper, and using ICT simple bar graphs to represent discrete 3rd
data
Answer simple questions about 'most likely' from a simple bar chart 3rd
Find the mode from any bar chart 3rd
Construct on paper, and using ICT, bar charts; line graphs to represent data 3rd
Produce bar charts including dual bar charts 3rd
Produce pictograms 3rd
Interpret simple diagrams and charts 4th

Understand which representation is most appropriate for the data being
presented 4th
Interpret data in a simple table 4th
Extract data and interpret frequency tables 4th
Interpret simple pie charts 4th
Group data, where appropriate in equal class intervals 4th

Design and use data collection sheets for grouped, discrete and continuous 4th
data
Use information provided to complete a two-way table 4th
Produce pie-charts for categorical data and discrete/continuous numerical
data 4th
Construct on paper and using ICT simple pie charts using categorical data -
e.g. two or three categories 5th
Use simple two way tables 5th

Construct a simple (no boundary data) frequency table with given equal 5th
class intervals for continuous data.
Construct a frequency table with given equal class intervals for continuous
data (boundary data given) 5th
Identify where boundary data would go for different use of inequalities. 5th
Discrete and continuous data.
Design tables recording discrete and continuous data 5th
Construct complex bar graphs (should be compound) 5th
Construct with ICT simple line graphs for time series 5th
Design a question for a questionnaire 5th
Criticise questions for a questionnaire 5th
Design and use two-way tables for discrete and grouped data 5th
Produce grouped frequency tables for continuous data 5th
Produce ordered back-to-back stem and leaf diagrams 6th

Make inferences about data through extracting information from a two 6th
way table
Use more complex two way tables 7th
Construct on paper, and using ICT, frequency diagrams for grouped
discrete data 7th
Know the appropriate use of a cumulative frequency diagram 8th
Construct cumulative frequency tables 8th

Construct cumulative frequency graphs 9th
Interpret cumulative frequency graphs 9th
Know the appropriate use of Histograms 10th
Use and understand frequency density 11th
Construct and interpret histograms from class intervals with unequal width 11th
From a histogram complete a grouped frequency table 11th
From a histogram understand and define frequency density 11th
Find range from a set of ordered data 1st
Find the range of a small set of data. 2nd
Find the mode and range for a small set of discrete data 3rd
Calculate the median of a set of data 3rd
Find the modal class for a small set of grouped discrete data 3rd
Compare two simple distributions using the range and the mode 3rd
Draw conclusions from simple statistics for a single distribution 3rd
Find the modal class of a set of continuous data 3rd
Calculate the mean, median, mode and range for discrete data 3rd
Find the mode and range from a bar chart 3rd

Interpret simple pie charts using simple fractions and percentages and 3rd
multiples of 10% sections
Calculate the mean of a set of data 4th
Compare two simple distributions using the range and the median 4th
Calculate the mean from a simple frequency table 4th
Compare two simple distributions using the range and the mean 4th
Recognise when it is appropriate to use range, mean ,median or mode in 4th
simple cases (nice data, with no extreme values)
Interpret data from simple compound and comparative bar charts 4th
Calculate find the range, modal class, interval containing the median and
find an estimate of the mean of a grouped data frequency table. 4th
From a pie chart find the mode; total frequency 4th
Compare two distributions given summary statistics in simple cases. 5th

Compare two distributions given summary statistics in more complex
cases. 5th
Compare two distributions using the range of data 5th
Interpret data from compound and comparative bar charts 5th

Recognise when it is appropriate to use mean, median or mode in more
complex cases (put in extreme values) 6th
Recognise when modal class is the most appropriate statistic for grouped
data 6th
Construct and use frequency polygons to compare sets of data 6th
Identify and explain anomalies (outliers) in a data set 6th

Understand that the expression 'estimate' will be used where appropriate, 6th
when finding the mean of grouped data using mid-interval values
Calculate the mean and range from a frequency table for discrete data 6th
Find the median, mode and range from a stem and leaf diagram 7th
Estimate the mean of grouped data using the mid-interval value 7th
Understand that the frequency represented by corresponding sectors in
two pie charts is dependent upon the total populations represented by 7th
each of the pie charts
Recognise the advantages and disadvantages between measures of

average 7th
Calculate possible values of the set of data given summary statistics 8th
Interpret box plots to find median, quartiles, range and interquartile range
and draw conclusions 8th
Produce box plots from raw data and identify outliers when given quartiles
and median 8th
Find the median, quartiles and interquartile range for large data sets with
grouped data 9th
Compare the measures of spread between a pair of box plots/cumulative
frequency graphs 9th
Compare the mean, median, mode and range as appropriate of two
distributions 10th
Use a spreadsheet to calculate mean and range and find median and mode 10th
Compare distributions and make inferences, using the shapes of

distributions and measures of average and spread, including median and 10th
quartiles
Compare median and inter-quartile range of two distributions 10th

From a cumulative frequency graph estimate frequency greater/less than a
given value 10th
Estimate the mean from a histogram 10th

Estimate the median (or other information) from a histogram with unequal
class width 11th
Understand how different sample sizes may not be representative of a 6th
whole population
Identify what primary data to collect and in what format including grouped 6th
data
Recognise quantitative and qualitative data 6th
Identify possible sources of bias and plan to minimise it 6th

Understand what is meant by a sample and a population 6th
Understand primary and secondary data sources 6th
Criticise questions from a questionnaire 7th
Understand how sources of data may be biased 7th
Decide what data to collect and what analysis is needed 7th

Write questionnaire questions to eliminate bias, on timing and location of 7th
survey to ensure sample is representative
Know the definition of random sampling 7th
Use random numbers to get a sample 8th

Select and justify a sampling scheme and a method to investigate a 9th
population, including random and stratified sampling
Stratified sampling - know the definition and state in terms of proportion,
10th
fraction, percentage or ratio
Interpret a scatter graph 5th
Draw scatter graphs 5th
State how reliable their predictions are 7th
Draw a line of best fit by eye and understand what they represent 7th
Understand that correlation does not imply causality 7th

Distinguish between positive, negative and zero correlation using lines of 7th
best fit
Appreciate that correlation is a measure of the strength of the association

between two variables and that zero correlation does not necessarily imply 7th
'no relationship' but merely 'no linear relationship'
Use a line of best fit, or otherwise, to predict values of one variable given 7th
values of the other variable
Intepret scatter graphs in terms of the relationship between two variables 7th
Use the line of best fit to make predictions 7th

Interpolate and extrapolate apparent trends whilst knowing the dangers of 7th
doing so
Interpret correlation in terms of the problem 7th
Measure lines to the nearest millimetre 2nd
Use a protractor to measure acute angles to the nearest degree 2nd
Begin to estimate the size of angles 3rd
Use a protractor to measure obtuse angles to the nearest degree 3rd
Use a protractor to draw acute angles to the nearest degree 3rd
Use a protractor to measure reflex angles to the nearest degree 3rd
Measure shapes to find (perimeters and) areas 3rd
Use a protractor to draw obtuse angles to the nearest degree 4th
Use a protractor to draw reflex angles to the nearest degree 4th
Understand and use the language associated with bearings 4th
Use bearing to specify direction 4th
Give a bearing between the points on a map or scaled plan 4th

Given the bearing of point A from point B, work out the bearing of B from
A 6th
Mark on a diagram the position of point B given its bearing from the point 7th
A
Use accurate drawing to solve bearings problems 7th
Know the sum of angles on a straight line 1st
Tessellate combinations of polygons 1st
Explain why some shapes tessellate and why other shapes do not 1st
Identify parallel lines 2nd
Know the sum of angles round a point 2nd
Use correct notation for labelling angles 3rd
Distinguish between acute and obtuse angles 3rd
Distinguish between acute, obtuse and reflex angles 3rd
Identify perpendicular lines 3rd
Identify interior and exterior angles in a shape 4th
Know the definition of a set of lines which are perpendicular to each other 4th
Calculate angles around a point 4th
Recognise and use vertically opposite angles 4th
Use sum of angles in a triangle to find missing angle values 4th
Derive and use the sum of angles in a triangle and a quadrilateral 4th
Derive and use the fact that the exterior angle of a triangle is equal to the 4th
sum of the two opposite interior angles
Use the sum of the interior angle and the exterior angle is 180° 4th
Solve harder problems using properties of angles, of parallel and

intersecting lines, and of triangles and other polygons - by looking at 5th
several shapes together
Identify alternate and corresponding angles on parallel lines and their
values. 5th
Identify co-interior angles and their values. 6th
Use the sum of the exterior angles of any polygon is 360° 6th
Calculate the interior angles of regular polygons 6th

Use the sum of angles in a triangle to deduce and use the angle sum in any
polygon 6th
Use the sum of the interior angles of an n-sided polygon 7th
Calculate the interior angles of polygons 7th

Find the size of each interior angle or the size of each exterior angle or the
number of sides of a regular polygon 7th
Find the perimeter of a square/rectangle by counting 1st
Find the perimeter of a square/rectangle 2nd
Use the formula for the area of a rectangle/square 3rd
Calculate the surface area of cubes with a net 3rd
Use nets to calculate the surface area of simple cuboids 3rd

Calculate perimeter and area of compound shapes made from triangles,
rectangles and other shapes 3rd
Calculate the area of simple shapes made from rectangles 4th
Calculate the area of more complex shapes made from rectangles 4th
Calculate the surface area of cubes, without a net 4th
Calculate the perimeter and area of shapes made from rectangles 4th
Calculate the surface area of simple cuboids (without use of nets) 4th
Find the area of triangles by counting i.e. adding full and partial squares 5th
Know the formulae for the volume of cube and a cuboid 5th
Use a formula to calculate the area of parallelograms 5th
Use a formula to calculate the area of triangles 5th
Deduce and use formulae for the area of a triangle 5th
Calculate areas of compound shapes made from rectangles and triangles 5th
Deduce and use the formula for the area of a parallelogram 6th
Use a formula to calculate the area of trapezia 6th
Deduce and use formula for the area of a trapezium 6th

Calculate surface areas of shapes made from cuboids, for lengths given as
6th
whole numbers
Know the formulae for the circumference and area of a circle 6th
Use the formula for the circumference of a circle 6th
Use the formulae for area of a circle, given the radius or diameter 6th
Calculate volumes of shapes made from cuboids, for lengths given as
whole numbers 7th
Calculate the volume of right prisms 7th
Calculate the surface area of right prisms 7th
Calculate the lengths and areas given the volumes in right prisms 7th
Calculate the lengths, areas and volumes in cylinders 7th

Use the formulae for the circumference and area of a circle, given the 7th
circumference or area, to calculate the radius or diameter
Find the perimeters and areas of semicircles and quarter circles 7th
Find the surface area of simple shapes (prisms) using the formulae for
triangles and rectangles, and other shapes 8th
Find the surface area and volumes of compound solids constructed from 8th
cubes, cuboids, cones, pyramids, spheres, hemispheres, cylinders
Recognise the formulae for length of arcs in a circle. 8th
Recognise the formulae for area of sectors in a circle. 8th
Solve problems including examples of solids in everyday use 10th

Use the formulae for length of arcs and area of sectors of circles to solve 11th
problems.
Solve problems involving more complex shapes and solids, including
segments of circles and frustums of cones 12th
Find the area of a segment of a circle given the radius and length of the
chord 12th
Solve problems involving angles, triangles and circles 8th
Prove and use the fact that the angle in a semicircle is a right angle ; 9th
Prove and use the fact that angles in the same segment are equal 9th
Prove and use the fact that opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral sum to 9th
180°
Prove and use facts about the angle subtended at the centre and at the 9th
circumference;
Prove and use the alternate segment theorem 10th
Give reasons for angle sizes using mathematical language 11th

Give reasons for angle and length calculations involving the use of tangent
11th
theorems
Use the basic congruence criteria for triangles (SSS, SAS, ASA, RHS) 4th
Know and understand the term 'congruent' 5th

Know that triangles given SSS, SAS, ASA or RHS are unique, but that
triangles given SSA or AAA are not. 5th
Know that translations, rotations and reflections map objects on to
congruent images 5th
Identify congruent shapes 6th

Identify 2-D shapes that are congruent or similar by reference to sides and 6th
angles
Identify shapes which are similar, including all regular polygons with equal
number of sides 6th
Recognise that all corresponding angles in similar shapes are equal in size
when the corresponding lengths of sides are not equal in size 6th
Begin to use congruency to solve simple problems in triangles and

quadrilaterals 7th
Use the information given about the length of sides and sizes of angles to
determine whether triangles are congruent, or similar 7th
Use similarity to solve problems in 2D shapes 8th

Use simple examples of the relationship between enlargement and areas
and volumes of simple shapes and solids 8th
Use congruence to show that translations, rotations and reflections
preserve length and angle, so that any figure is congruent to its image 10th
under any of these transformations
Solve problems for areas and volumes of similar shapes and solids 12th
Identify more complex arrangement of a net of a closed cube 1st
Identify complex arrangements of a net of an open cube 1st

Identify and name common solids: cube, cuboid, cylinder, prism, pyramid,
sphere and cone 1st
Know the terms face, edge and vertex 1st
Know and use geometric properties of cuboids 2nd

Construct diagrams of everyday 2-D situations involving rectangles,
triangles, perpendicular and parallel lines 2nd
Identify different nets of a cuboid 3rd

Know and use geometric properties of shapes made from cuboids 3rd
Use ruler and protractor to construct simple nets of 3D shapes, using
squares, rectangles and triangles, e.g. regular tetrahedron, square-based 4th
pyramid, triangular prism
Begin to use plans and elevations 4th
Identify simple nets of 3D shapes - regular polyhedra 5th

Use straight edge and compasses to construct the mid point and
perpendicular bisector of a line segment 5th
Identify more complex nets of 3D shapes including irregular polyhedra. 6th
Deduce properties of simple 3D shapes from their 2D representations 6th
Analyse 3-D shapes through 2-D representations. 6th
Analyse 3-D shapes through cross-sections, plans and elevations 6th
Draw plans and elevations of 3-D shapes 6th
Use straight edge and compasses to construct the bisector of an angle 6th
Use straight edge and compasses to construct a triangle given three sides 6th
(SSS)
Construct an equilateral triangle 6th
Construct a regular hexagon inside a circle 6th

Use straight edge and compass to construct the perpendicular from or to a 7th
point on a line segment
Use straight edge and compasses to construct a triangle, given right angle, 7th
hypotenuse and side (RHS)
Draw the locus equidistant between 2 points or from a point 7th
Produce shapes and paths by using descriptions of loci 7th
Use construction to find the locus of a point that moves according to a rule 7th
Understand loci about a point, line and corner. 7th
Construct angles of 60°, 90°, 30°, 45° 7th
Understand that a locus in 3D can be a plane or curved surface and extend

understanding of loci to include 3D problems, e.g. know that all the points 8th
equidistant from a single point in space form the surface of a sphere
Understand how standard constructions using straight edge and

compasses relate to the properties of two intersecting circles with equal 8th
radii
Suggest suitable units to estimate or measure length, mass and capacity 1st
Record readings from scales to a suitable degree of accuracy 1st
Read and interpret scales on a range of measuring instruments 1st
Work out time intervals 1st
Understand that area is measured in square centimetres 2nd
Choose suitable metric units to estimate length and area. 2nd
Record estimates to a suitable degree of accuracy 3rd
Use units of measurement to estimate and solve problems in everyday 3rd

contexts involving length, area, volume, mass, time and angle
Know that measurements using real numbers depend upon the choice of 3rd
unit
Solve simple problems involving units of measurement in the context of 4th
length and area
Mark parallel lines on a diagram 2nd
Draw parallel lines 2nd

Begin to use the trigonometric ratios to find the size of an angle in a right-
angled triangle 6th
Know the formula for Pythagoras' theorem and use to find the hypotenuse 7th
Know the formula for Pythagoras' theorem and use to find a shorter side 8th
Use and apply Pythagoras' theorem to solve problems 8th
Use the sine, cosine and tangent ratios to find the lengths of unknown
sides in a right-angled triangle, using straight-forward algebraic 8th
manipulation, e.g. calculate the adjacent (using cosine), or the opposite
(using sine or tangent ratios)
Understand the language of planes, and recognise the diagonals of a

cuboid 8th
sides in a right-angled triangle, using more complex algebraic
manipulation, e.g. the hypotenuse (using cosine or sine), or adjacent (using 9th
the
Use tangent ratio) ratio to find a length, or angle, and hence solve a two-
the appropriate
dimensional problem 9th
Find angles of elevation and angles of depression 9th
Understand, recall and use Pythagoras' theorem in 3-D problems 10th
Calculate the length of a diagonal of a cuboid 10th
Use the trigonometric ratios to solve 3-D problems 12th

Find the angle between a line and a plane (but not the angle between two
planes or between two skew lines) 12th
Draw sketches of shapes 1st
Recognise properties of squares 1st
Recognise properties of rectangles 1st
Identify all the symmetries of 2-D shapes 1st
Recognise reflection symmetry 2nd

Use correct notation for labelling lines 2nd
Know the sum of angles in a triangle is 180° 2nd
Identify quadrilaterals from everyday usage 2nd
Use correct notation for labelling triangles 3rd
Mark perpendicular lines on a diagram 3rd
Recognise and visualise the symmetry of a 2-D shape: line symmetry 3rd
Calculate angles in a triangle 3rd
Identify simple angle, side and symmetry properties of triangles 3rd
Identify angle, side and symmetry properties of simple quadrilaterals 3rd
Use geometric language appropriately 4th
Identify regular and irregular polygons 4th
Draw or complete diagrams with a given number of lines of symmetry 4th
Draw or complete diagrams with a given order of rotational symmetry 4th
Recognise and visualise the rotational symmetry of a 2-D shape 4th
Identify and plot points determined by geometric information 4th
Find co-ordinates of points determined by geometric information 4th

Solve geometric problems using side and angle properties of equilateral
and isosceles triangles 4th
List the properties of each, or identify (name) a given shape 4th
Name all quadrilaterals that have a specific property 4th

Solve simple geometrical problems using properties of triangles 4th
Solve simple geometrical problems using properties of quadrilaterals 4th

Identify and begin to use angle, side and symmetry properties of 4th
quadrilaterals
Draw a circle given the radius or diameter 5th
Draw and label diagrams from given instructions 6th

Solve geometric problems using side and angle properties of equilateral, 6th
isosceles and right-angled triangles
Know the names of parts of a circle 6th
Know the definition of a circle 6th
Draw circles and arcs to a given radius 6th

Know that the perpendicular distance from a point to a line is the shortest
7th
distance to the line
Know that the tangent at any point on a circle is perpendicular to the
radius at that point. 9th
Know that the perpendicular from the centre to the chord bisects the 9th
chord.
Understand and use the fact that tangents from an external point are
equal in length 11th
Justify if a triangle is right-angled given its three lengths 7th
Derive the fact that base angles of isosceles triangles are equal 8th
Complete a formal geometric proof of similarity of two given triangles 9th
Recognise where a shape will be after reflection 1st
Understand and use the language associated with translations 1st
Understand and use the language associated with reflections 1st

Scale a shape on a grid (without a centre specified) 1st
Recognise and visualise the reflection in a mirror line of a 2-D shape 2nd
Translate a shape on a square/coordinate grid 2nd
Recognise where a shape will be after translation 2nd
Understand and use the language associated with rotations 2nd

Recognise and visualise - rotation about a given point (rotation point must 3rd
be outside the shape)
Know that translations, rotations and reflections preserve length and angle 5th
Recognise that enlargements preserve angle but not length 5th

Enlarge 2-D shapes, given a centre of enlargement and a positive whole 6th
number scale factor
Explore enlargement using ICT 6th
Enlarge a given shape using (0, 0) as the centre of enlargement 6th
Enlarge shapes with a centre other than (0, 0) 6th
Find the centre of enlargement 6th
Use vector notation for translations 7th
Use 2D Vector notation for translation 7th

Understand and use the language and notation associated with 7th
enlargement
Enlarge 2D shapes, given a fractional scale factor 7th
Find the centre of rotation 7th
Describe a transformation 7th

Describe reflections on a coordinate grid 7th
Colour in missing squares to complete a reflection 7th
Recognise whether a reflection is correct 7th
Transform 2-D shapes by simple combinations of rotations, reflections and

translations, using ICT (e.g. repeated reflection, rotation or translation, 8th
reflections in the x and y axes, rotations about (0, 0))
Transform 2D shapes by a more complex combinations of rotations,

reflections and translations, e.g. a reflection, followed by a rotation etc 8th
Enlarge 2D shapes, given a negative, fractional scale factor 10th

Know and apply the sine rule a/sin A = b/sin B = c/sin C to find unknown 10th
lengths and angles
know and apply the cosine rule a² = b² + c² - 2bc cos A to find unknown
lengths 10th
Calculate the area of a triangle given the length of two sides and the
included angle 10th
know and apply the cosine rule a² = b² + c² - 2bc cos A to find unknown 11th
angles
Know and apply Area = 1/2 ab sin C to calculate the sides or angles of any 11th
triangle
Know the exact values of sin Ѳ and cos Ѳ for Ѳ = 0°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90°;
12th
know the exact value of tan Ѳ for Ѳ = 0°, 30°, 45° and 60°
Use the sine and cosine rules to solve 2-D and 3-D problems 12th
Express points as position vectors 7th
Understand and use vector notation 7th
Add and Subtract vectors 8th
Work out the magnitude of a vector 10th

Calculate, and represent graphically, the sum of two vectors, the difference
of two vectors and a scalar multiple of a vector 10th
Calculate the resultant of two vectors 10th
Solve geometrical problems in 2-D using vector methods 10th
Prove lines are parallel/colinear 11th
Apply vector methods for simple geometrical proofs 12th

Divide a quantity into two parts in a given ratio, where ratio given in ratio 4th
notation
Use the unitary method to solve simple word problems involving ratio and 5th
direct proportion
Divide a quantity into more than two parts in a given ratio 5th
Compare ratios by changing them to the form 1 : m or m : 1 6th
Solve a ratio problem in context 6th

Divide a given quantity into two parts in a given part:part or part: whole
ratio 6th
Write as ratio as a fraction 6th
Interpret and write ratios to describe a situation 7th
Write a ratio as a linear function 8th
Understand and use compound measures (density, speed, pressure) 7th
Solve problems using constant rates and related formulae 7th
Solve problems involving compound measures 7th

Convert a larger whole number metric unit to a smaller unit (e.g. 3 4th
kilograms to 3000 grams)
Convert between simple metric units. 4th
Convert a smaller whole number metric unit to a larger unit (e.g. 3000
grams to 3 kilograms) 4th
Convert one metric unit to another, including decimals (e.g. 3250 grams to
3.25 kilograms, or 3.25kg to 3250g) 5th
Know rough metric equivalents of imperial measures in daily use (feet, 6th
miles, pounds, pints, gallons)
Convert between area measures (e.g. mm² to cm², cm² to m², and vice 6th
versa)
Convert between metric measures of volume and capacity eg 1 cm³ = 1 ml 6th
Write lengths, areas and volumes of two shapes as ratios in simplest form 7th
Estimate conversions 7th

Extend to simple conversions of compound measures (e.g. convert 2 m/s
to km/hr) 8th
Convert imperial units to imperial units 8th
Convert between metric and imperial measures 8th
Set up equations to show direct proportion 6th
Use expressions of the form y α x 6th
Identify direct proportion from a graph 6th

Recognise graphs showing constant rates of change, average rates of
change and variable rates of change 6th
Use algebraic methods to solve problems involving variables in direct 7th
proportion
Use expressions of the form y α 1/x 7th
Interpret the gradient of a straight line graph as a rate of change 7th
Use expressions of the form y α x² 9th

Solve problems involving inverse proportion using graphs by plotting and 10th
reading values from graphs
Solve problems involving inverse proportionality, including problems
where y is inversely proportional to the square of x 10th
Calculate an unknown quantity from quantities that vary in direct or
inverse proportion 10th
Set up and use equations to solve word and other problems involving 10th
direct or inverse proportion
Use fraction notation to describe parts of shapes 3rd
Express one number as a fraction of another 4th
Express the division of a quantity into a number of parts as a ratio 4th

Use fraction notation to express a smaller whole number as a fraction of a 5th
larger one
Use a ratio to find one quantity when the other is known 5th
Use graphs to calculate measures including unit price, average speed, 8th
distance, time, acceleration
Recognise sketch and interpret graphs of exponential functions y = k x for 11th
positive values of k and integer values of x
Use calculators to explore exponential growth and decay 7th
Use compound interest 7th

Represent repeated proportional change using a multiplier raised to a
power 7th
Use percentages in real-life situations: compound interest, depreciation,
percentage profit and loss 8th
Calculate repeated proportional change 8th
Use proportional reasoning to solve a problem 5th
Understand direct proportion as equality of ratios 7th

Identify direct proportion from a table of values by comparing ratios of 9th
values
Use measures in ratio and proportion problems ( currency conversion, 7th
rates of pay, best value)
Use measures in ratio and proportion problems ( currency conversion,
rates of pay, best value) 7th
fraction 7th
Convert a percentage to a number of hundredths or tenths. 1st
Recognise the equivalence of percentages, fractions and decimals 3rd
Define percentages as number of parts per hundred 3rd
Use percentages to compare simple proportions 4th
Recall equivalent fractions, decimals and percentages including for

fractions that are greater than 1. Match across all 3 types, and need to be 4th
simple fractions (1/2, 1/4, 1/5, 1/10)
Express one given number as a percentage of another 4th
Find a percentage of a quantity using a multiplier 4th
Interpet percentages and percentage change as a fraction or a decimal 4th
Use strategies for finding equivalent fractions, decimals and percentages

involving decimal percentages and decimals greater than 0 5th
Find the outcome of a given percentage increase 5th
Find the outcome of a given percentage decrease 5th
Use a multiplier to increase or decrease by a percentage 5th
Use percentages greater than 100% 5th
Express one quantity as a percentage of another 5th
Use a unitary method, e.g. if £40 is 60%, find 1% by dividing by 60 and then
100% by multiplying by 100. Give them the scaffolding to answer the 6th
question
Compare two quantities using percentages, including a range of
calculations and contexts 6th
Use percentages in real-life situations: VAT, value of profit or loss, simple
interest, income tax calculations 6th
Use the unitary method for an inverse operation, e.g. If I know an item was
80% of the original cost in a sale, find the original price 7th
Find the original amount given the final amount after a percentage change
( reverse percentages) 8th
Use calculators for reverse percentage calculations by doing an
appropriate division 8th
Read and construct scale drawings 2nd
Draw lines and shapes to scale 3rd

Use and interpret maps and scale drawings, using a variety of scales and
units 3rd
Estimate length using a scale diagram 3rd
Use and interpret maps, using proper map scales (1 : 25 000) 6th
Use and interpret scale drawings, where scales use mixed units, and
drawings aren't done on squared paper, but have measurements marked 7th
on them.
Know that enlargements of 2D shapes produce similar shapes 7th

Understand that the ratio of any two sides is constant in similar right-
8th
angled triangles
Understand the implications of enlargement for perimeter 8th
Identify the scale factor of an enlargement as the ratio of the lengths of 8th
any two corresponding line segments
Enlarge 2-D shapes and recognise the similarity of resulting shapes 8th
Calculate the new area of a shape after enlargement 10th

Find points that divide a line in a given ratio, using the properties of similar 11th
triangles
Calculate the new volume of a shape after enlargement 12th
Use ratio notation 4th
Reduce a ratio to its simplest form 4th
Simplify a ratio expressed in different units 5th
Reduce ratios in the simplest form, including three-part ratios 5th
Simplify a ratio expressed in fractions or decimals 6th
Write ratios in the form 1: m or m: 1 6th

11-16 Progression Map for Maths
Strand Topic Progress descriptor Step
Round positive whole

Number Accuracy and numbers to the nearest 1st
bounds 10, 100 or 1000
Number Accuracy and Round decimals to the 3rd

bounds nearest whole number
Number Accuracy and Round numbers to 4th

bounds significant figures
Identify upper and lower

Accuracy and bounds for rounding of
Number bounds discrete and continuous 6th
data
Identify the upper and

Number Accuracy and lower bounds of a 6th
bounds
measurement
Recognise that
measurements given to
Accuracy and the nearest whole unit
Number may be inaccurate by up 6th
bounds
to one half in either
direction. Use error
intervals.
Use inequality notation to

Number Accuracy and specify simple error 9th
bounds intervals due to
truncation or rounding
Accuracy and Calculate the upper and

Number lower bounds of 2-D 11th
bounds measurements e.g. area
Calculate the upper and

Accuracy and lower bounds of other
Number compound 11th
bounds
measurements e.g.
density
Add three or more

Number Calculations multiples of 10 1st
Find a difference by
Number Calculations counting up through the 1st
next multiple of 10
Partition to multiply
Number Calculations mentally TU × U 1st
Number Calculations Use doubling 1st
Number Calculations Use halving 1st
Know by heart
Number Calculations multiplication facts up to 1st
10 × 10
Use standard column

Number Calculations procedures to add and 1st
subtract whole numbers
Add, subtract multiply

Number Calculations and divide integers - 1st
positive and negative
Understand that halving is
Number Calculations the reverse of doubling 2nd
Multiply and divide

Number Calculations integers by 10 and 100, 2nd
and explain the effect
Understand addition and

Number Calculations subtraction as they apply 2nd
to whole numbers and
decimals
Number Calculations Extend written methods 2nd

to HTU × U
Apply four operations in

Number Calculations correct order to integers 2nd
and proper fractions
Multiply and divide

Number Calculations decimals by 10, 100, 3rd
1000, and explain the
effect
Number Calculations Multiply by 0 3rd
Understand multiplication
Number Calculations as it applies to whole 3rd
numbers and decimals
Understand division as it
Number Calculations applies to whole numbers 3rd
and decimals
Number Calculations Extend written methods 3rd

to HTU ÷ U
Use standard column

Number Calculations procedures to add and 3rd
subtract decimals with up
to two places
Extend written methods

Number Calculations 3rd
to TU × TU
Know and use the order
Number Calculations of operations 3rd
Number Calculations Quickly derive associated 3rd

division facts
Check a result by working

Number Calculations it backwards 3rd
Number Calculations use symbols = , ≠, <, >, ≤, 4th

≥
Number Calculations Multiply three-digit by 4th

two-digit whole numbers
Number Calculations Divide three-digit by two- 4th

digit whole numbers
Extend written methods

Number Calculations to U.t × U 4th
Multiply decimals with
Number Calculations one or two places by 4th
single-digit whole
numbers
Begin to add and subtract

Number Calculations simple fractions and 4th
those with simple
common denominators
Add and subtract positive

Number Calculations integers from negative 4th
integers
Multiply and divide

Number Calculations negative integers by a 4th
positive number
Add and subtract integers

Number Calculations - positive and negative 4th
numbers
Multiply and divide

Number Calculations negative integers by a 4th
negative number
Be able to subtract
Number Calculations integers and decimal with 4th
up to two decimal places
Be able to add and

subtract integers and
Number Calculations decimal with varying 4th
numbers of decimal
places
Be able to add and

subtract more than two
integers or decimals with
up to two decimal places,
Number Calculations but with varying numbers 4th
of significant figures and
using a mixture of
operation within the
calculation
Use the order of

Number Calculations operations with brackets, 4th
including in more
complex calculations
Number Calculations Use inverse operations 4th

Simplify fractions by
Number Calculations cancelling all common 4th
factors
Be able to work with

calculations where
Number Calculations numbers are squared 4th
within a bracket
Know that the contents of

Number Calculations brackets are evaluated 4th
first
Use conventional
Number Calculations notation for priority of 4th
operations, including
brackets and powers
Divide decimals with one

Number Calculations or two places by single- 5th
digit whole numbers
Add and subtract simple

Number Calculations fractions with 5th
denominators of any size
Multiply a fraction by an
Number Calculations integer 5th
Be able to multiply any

Number Calculations number by 0.1 and 0.01 5th
Be able to divide any

Number Calculations number by 0.1 and 0.01 5th
Understand the effect of

Number Calculations multiplying by any integer 5th
power of 10

Number Calculations dividing by any integer 5th
power of 10
Add and subtract negative

Number Calculations integers from positive and 5th
negative numbers
Use mental strategies for
Number Calculations multiplication - doubling 5th
and halving strategies

multiplication -
partitioning two 2 digit
numbers where one
Number Calculations number includes a 5th
decimal (both numbers
have two significant
figures)

Number Calculations multiplication of decimals 5th
- doubling and halving
strategies
Have strategies for

Number Calculations calculating fractions and 5th
decimals of a given
number
Add and subtract up to 3

fractions mixing both
addition and subtraction
into the calculation, with
Number Calculations denominators less than or 5th
equal to 12 and using the
LCM denominator in the
calculation - the answer
can be a mixed number
Add mixed number
fractions without
Number Calculations common denominators, 5th
where the fraction parts
add up to more than 1
Number Calculations Multiply an integer by a 5th

fraction

Number Calculations calculations where the 5th
brackets are squared or
square rooted
Be able to estimate
answers to calculations
Number Calculations involving 2 or more 5th
operations and BODMAS
Understand that each of

the headings in the place
value system, to the right
Number Calculations of the tens column, can 6th
be written as a power of
ten
Write numbers as a
Number Calculations decimal number of 6th
millions or thousands, e.g.
23 600 000 as 23.6 million
Use knowledge of place
value to calculate the
product or division of two
Number Calculations decimals where one or 6th
both are less than 1 and
at least one has two digits
other than zero.
Divide integers and

decimals, including by
decimals such as 0.6 and
Number Calculations 0.06 (divisions related to 6th
0.t × 0.t or 0.t × 0.0h, 0.0h
× 0.t and 0.0h × 0.0h)
Use standard column

procedures to add and
Number Calculations decimals of any size, 6th
including a mixture of
large and small numbers
with different numbers of
decimal places
Multiply and divide by

Number Calculations decimals, dividing by 6th
transforming to division
by an integer
Divide an integer by a
Number Calculations fraction 6th
Be able to simplify
expressions containing
Number Calculations powers to complete the 6th
calculation
Understand which part of

an expression is raised to
Number Calculations a power by knowing the 6th
difference between 3 × (7
+ 8)² and 3² × (7 + 8) and
(3 × (7 + 8))²
Recognise and use

relationships between
Number Calculations operations, including 6th
inverse operations

value system, to the left
Number Calculations of the units column, can 7th
be written as a power of
ten
Multiply both sides of an

Number Calculations inequality by a negative 7th
number
To understand the
difference between
squaring a negative
Number Calculations 7th
number and subtracting a
squared number within a
more complex calculation
Find the reciprocal of
simple numbers/fractions
Number Calculations mentally, e.g. 10 and 7th
1/10, 1/3 and 3 etc.
Understand the order in

which to calculate
expressions that contain
Number Calculations powers and brackets in 7th
both the numerator and
denominator of a fraction
Know that a number

Number Calculations multiplied by its 7th
reciprocal is 1
Know that the reciprocal

Number Calculations of a reciprocal is the 7th
original number
Use conventional
notation for priority of
Number Calculations 7th
roots and reciprocals
Number Combinations Apply systematic listing 5th

strategies
Use the product rule for
counting (i.e. if there are
m ways of doing one task
and for each of these,
Number Combinations there are n ways of doing 10th
another task, then the
total number of ways the
two tasks can be done is
m × n ways)
Calculate average speed,

Compound distance, time - in mph as
Number measures 6th
well as metric measures
Number Compound Convert between metric 6th

measures speed measures
Understand and use

Compound
Number measures compound measures: 7th
density; pressure; speed
Round numbers and

measures to an
Number Decimals 7th
appropriate degree of
accuracy ( dp or sig fig)
Round numbers to
Number Decimals decimal places 3rd
Add and subtract

Number Decimals decimals - positive and 4th
negative
Multipy and divide
Number Decimals decimals - positive and 5th
negative

multiplying or dividing
Number Decimals any number between 0 6th
and 1
Factors and Apply simple tests of

Number multiples divisibility (2, 9, 10, 5) 1st
Factors and Recognise multiples up to

Number multiples 10 × 10 1st
Factors and Apply simple tests of

Number multiples divisibility (3, 6, 4, 25) 2nd
Recognise and use

Factors and multiples and factors
Number multiples (divisors) and use simple 3rd
tests of divisibility
Factors and Identify numbers with

Number 3rd
multiples exactly 2 factors (primes)
Understand the
Factors and difference between
Number multiples factor, multiple and prime 3rd
numbers
Find all the factor pairs

Number Factors and for any whole number 3rd
multiples without any support
Able to determine factors

Factors and and multiples of numbers
Number multiples 3rd
by listing
Understand the
vocabulary of prime
Factors and numbers, factors
Number multiples (divisors), multiples, 3rd
common factors,
common multiples.
Recognise that every

Factors and
Number multiples number can be written as 3rd
a product of two factors
Factors and Find common factors and

Number 4th
multiples primes
Recognise and use

Factors and common factor, highest
Number multiples common factor and 4th
lowest common multiple
Find the prime factor
Factors and
Number multiples decomposition of a 4th
number less than 100
Factors and Find the HCF or LCM of

Number multiples two numbers 4th
Know the prime

Factors and factorisation of numbers
Number multiples up to 30. They must give 4th
their answers as powers
Factors and Recognise two digit prime

Number multiples numbers 4th
Factors and Find lowest common

Number multiples multiple by listing 5th
Factors and Recognise rules relating

Number multiples to odd and even numbers 5th
Understand the
Factors and vocabulary of highest
Number 5th
multiples common factor, lowest
common multiple
Factors and Find HCF and LCM using
Number multiples Prime Factors 7th
Use prime factorisation to

Factors and represent a number as a
Number multiples product of its primes 7th
using index notation
Factors and Recognise that prime

Number multiples factor decomposition of a 7th
positive integer is unique
Multiply and divide

simple fractions (proper
Number Fractions and improper) - positive 6th
and negative
Add and subtract

fractions (proper and
Number Fractions 6th
improper) -positive and
negative
Add and subtract

Number Fractions fractions (mixed) - 7th
Multiply and divide
Number Fractions simple fractions (mixed) - 8th
Fractions and Convert terminating

Number decimals to fractions, e.g. 3rd
decimals 0.23 = 23/100
Fractions and Recall known facts

Number including fraction to 3rd
decimals
decimal conversions
Fractions and Use division to convert a

Number decimals fraction to a decimal 5th
Convert a terminating
Fractions and
Number decimals decimal to a fraction and 5th
simplify the fraction
work interchangeably
with terminating decimals
Number Fractions and and their corresponding 5th
decimals fractions ( such as 3.5 and
7/2 or 0.375 or 3/8)
Learn fractional
equivalents to key
Fractions and recurring decimals e.g.
Number decimals 0.333333..., 5th
0.66666666..., 0.11111...
and by extension
0.222222...
Know the denominators

of simple fractions that
Number Fractions and produce recurring 5th
decimals
decimals, and those that
do not
Use halving and doubling

strategies on fractions to
find decimal equivalents
Fractions and
Number decimals of other fractions, e.g. 1/4 6th
= 0.25 so 1/8 is half of
0.25 etc. Original fact is
given
Convert a recurring
Number Fractions and decimal to a fraction in 10th
decimals simple cases
Number Fractions and Understand a recurring 10th

decimals decimal to fraction proof
Fractions and Extend mental methods

Number decimals and of calculation to include 3rd
percentages percentages
Fractions and
Calculate simple
Number decimals and percentages 3rd
percentages
Calculate simple fractions

Fractions and of quantities and
Number decimals and measurements (whole- 4th
percentages number answers)
Extend the percentage

calculation strategies with
Fractions and jottings to find any
Number decimals and percentage, e.g. 17.5% by 4th
percentages finding 10%, 5% and 2.5%,
and adding
Fractions and Interpret percentage as

Number decimals and the operator 'so many 5th
percentages hundredths of'
Fractions and Calculate fractions of

quantities and
Number decimals and measurements (fraction 5th
percentages
answers)
Fractions and Convert a fraction to a

Number decimals and decimal to make a 6th
percentages calculation easier
Number Indices, powers Know square numbers, 10 1st

and roots × 10, 1 × 1 to 5 × 5
Indices, powers Know square numbers 6 ×

Number and roots 6 to 9 × 9 2nd
Number Indices, powers Recognise the first few 3rd
and roots triangular numbers
Indices, powers Know square numbers

Number 3rd
and roots beyond 10 × 10
Indices, powers Find roots of square

Number and roots numbers upto 100 (i.e. 3rd
roots upto 10)
Use index notation for

Indices, powers squares and cubes and for
Number and roots positive integer powers of 4th
10 (e.g. write 27 as 3³ and
1000 as 10³)
Give the positive and

Indices, powers
Number and roots negative square root of a 5th
square number
Know all the squares of

numbers less than 16 and
Number Indices, powers be able to know the 5th
and roots square root given the
square number

Number Indices, powers small integer powers, e.g. 5th
and roots 24 = 3 × 2³
Find and interpret roots

Number Indices, powers of non square numbers 5th
and roots using square root key
Extend mental
Number Indices, powers calculations to squares 5th
and roots and square roots
Extend mental
Number Indices, powers calculations to cubes and 5th
and roots cube roots
Be able to estimate
Indices, powers square roots of non
Number 5th
and roots square numbers less than
100
Use positive integer

Indices, powers powers and associated
Number and roots real roots (square, cube 5th
and higher)
Indices, powers Recall the cubes of 2, 3, 4,

Number and roots 5 and 10 5th
Be able to find square

roots by factorising, e.g.
Number Indices, powers square root of 324 is 6th
and roots square root of 4 × 81
which is 18. 324 = 4 × 81
should be given
Be able to find cube roots

by factorising, e.g. cube
Number Indices, powers root of 216 is cube root of 6th
and roots 8 × 27 which is 6. 216 = 8
× 27 should be given to
them
Mentally be able to
calculate the squares of
Number Indices, powers numbers less than 16 6th
and roots multiplied by a multiple of
ten, e.g. 0.2, 300, 0.400
Combine laws of
arithmetic for brackets
Number Indices, powers with mental calculations 6th
and roots
of squares, e.g. (23 − 13 +
4 − 8)²
Combine laws of
Indices, powers
Number and roots with mental calculations 6th
of cubes, e.g. (23 − 13 + 4
− 8)³
Combine laws of
Indices, powers arithmetic for brackets
Number and roots with mental calculations 6th
of square roots, e.g. √(45
+ 36)
Combine laws of
Number Indices, powers with mental calculations 6th
and roots of cube roots, e.g. ³ √(89 +
36)
Be able to use mental

strategies to solve word
Indices, powers
Number and roots problems set in context 6th
using square roots and
cube roots mentally
Establish index laws for

Indices, powers positive powers where
Number and roots the answer is a positive 6th
power
Extend the patterns by

using the index law for
Indices, powers division established for
Number 6th
and roots positive power answers,
to show that any number
to the power of zero is 1
Use an extended range of

Indices, powers calculator functions,
Number and roots including +, -, x, , x², √x, 6th
Use the square, cube and
Indices, powers
Number and roots power keys on a 7th
calculator
Use the index laws to

Indices, powers include negative power
Number and roots answers and understand 7th
that these answers are
smaller than 1
Use the laws of indices to

Number Indices, powers multiply and divide 7th
and roots numbers written in index
notation
Indices, powers Calculate with roots

Number and roots (surds - exact values) 8th
Estimate powers and

Indices, powers
Number and roots roots of any given positive 9th
number
Recall that n0 = 1 and n-1 =

1/n for positive integers n
Indices, powers
Number and roots as well as n1/2 = √n and 9th
n1/3 = ³ √n for any positive
number n
Find the value of

Number Indices, powers calculations using indices 10th
and roots including fractional and
negative indices
Understand that the
inverse operation
Indices, powers of raising a positive
Number and roots number to a power n is 10th
raising the result of this
operation to the power
1/n
Use diagrams to compare

Number Place value two or more simple 1st
fractions
Number Place value order positive and 1st

negative integers
Be able to order positive

decimals as a list with the
Number Place value smallest on the left. 2nd
Decimals should be to 4
or 5 significant figures

decimals with the largest
Number Place value on the left. Decimals 2nd
should be to 4 or 5
significant figures
Be able to use > or <

correctly between two
Number Place value positive decimals. 2nd
Know what each digit

Number Place value represents in numbers 2nd
with up to two decimal
places
Put digits in the correct
Number Place value place in a calculation 2nd
Compare decimals in
Number Place value different contexts 3rd
Understand and use

Number Place value decimal notation and 3rd
place value
Be able to order negative

decimals with the
Number Place value smallest on the left. 4th

Number Place value on the left. Decimals 4th
should be to 2 or 3
significant figures

Number Place value negative decimals. 4th
Order fractions, decimals
Number Place value and percentages 4th
Use the equivalence of

fractions, decimals and
percentages to compare
Number Place value proportions (i.e. compare 5th
a fraction and a
percentage)
Order fractions by
Number Place value converting them to 6th
decimals or otherwise
Use one calculation to

Number Place value find the answer to 6th
another
Express a multiplicative
relationship between two
Number Ratio quantities as a ratio or a 6th
fraction
Number Ratio Convert between 7th

currencies
Approximate before
Number Rounding carrying out an addition 3rd
or subtraction
Make estimates and
approximations of
Number Rounding calculations - use a range 4th
of ways to find an
approximate answer
Check a result by
Number Rounding considering if it is of the 4th
right order of magnitude
Work with numbers

rounded to whole
Number Rounding numbers or to 1 or 2 4th
decimal places to
estimate solutions
Use rounding to the

nearest 10 or a nice
Number Rounding number, e.g. 62 to 63 4th
when dividing by 9 etc.
Use numbers of any size

rounded to 1 significant
Number Rounding figure to make 6th
standardized estimates
for calculations with one
step
Know there are different

Number Rounding ways of finding an 6th
approximate answer
Estimate answers to
Number Rounding calculations by rounding 7th
numbers to 1 sig. fig
Check reasonableness of
Number Rounding answers 7th
Number Rounding Estimate answers to one- 7th

or two-step calculations
Interpret a calculator
Number Standard form display using standard 6th
form
Use standard form display

Number Standard form and know how to enter 6th
numbers in standard form
Write numbers greater

Number Standard form than 10 in standard index 7th
form
Number Standard form Write numbers less than 8th

10 in standard index form
Order numbers written in

Number Standard form standard index form 8th
Convert between large
and small numbers into
Number Standard form 8th
standard form and vice-
versa
Add and subtract in

Number Standard form standard form 8th
Number Standard form Multiply and divide 8th

Simplify surd expressions

Number Surds involving squares ( e.g. 10th
√12 = √ (4 × 3) = 2 √3)
Use fractions, surds and

Number Surds pi in exact calculations, 10th
without a calculator
Write (3 - √3)² in the

Number Surds 11th
form a + b √3
Rationalise a
Number Surds denominator 11th
Substitute integers into

Algebra Equations algebra equations and 4th
solve for missing values
Construct expressions
from worded
descriptions, using
Algebra Equations addition and subtraction 4th
(a+3, 50-c) E.g. add 7 to a
number (answer n+7)
from worded
descriptions, using
Algebra Equations addition, subtraction and 4th
multiplication e.g. 3a, a +
b, 2 + a + b + 3 = 5 + a + b,
a × b, a × a
Solve simple two-step

linear equations with
Algebra Equations integer coefficients, of the 5th
form ax ± b = c, e.g. 3x + 7
= 25
from worded
descriptions, using all 4
Algebra Equations 5th
basic operations e.g. 30/x,
x - y, m/2, 3m + 4, a+ a +
3, a²
Construct equations by
linking expressions to
given information, e.g. if
the expression 2d + 18 is
Algebra Equations used to find the cost of 5th
hiring a machine for d
days and I spend £34
hiring it, form an equation
using this information
Solve linear equations
with integer coefficients
in which the unknown
Algebra Equations appears on either side or 6th
on both sides of the
equation.
Construct and solve

Algebra Equations equations involving 6th
brackets e.g. 5(x +2) = 22 -
x
Solve equations of the

Algebra Equations form (ax +/- b)/c =(dx +/- 7th
e)/f [one of c or f should
be 1]

which involve brackets,
Algebra Equations including those that have 7th
negative signs and those
with a negative solution
Use systematic trial and

improvement to find the
approximate solution to
Algebra Equations one decimal place of 7th
equations such as x³ + x =
50

Algebra Equations approximate solution to 7th
two decimal place of
equations such as x³ - x =
70
Algebra Equations approximate solution to 7th
one decimal place of
equations such as x³ = 29
Construct and solve

equations that involves
multiplying out brackets
Algebra Equations by a negative number 7th
(e.g. 4(2a - 1) = 32 - 3(2a -
2))
Derive a simple formula,

Algebra Equations including those involving 7th
squares, cubes and roots
Solve quadratic equations

Algebra Equations algebraically by 8th
factorising
Solve linear equations in

Algebra Equations one unknown with 9th
fractional coefficients

Algebra Equations by completing the square 9th
Solve simple quadratic
Algebra Equations equations by using the 10th
quadratic formula

Algebra Equations arising from algebraic 12th
fractions
Begin to multiply a single

Algebra Expanding positive term over a 4th
brackets bracket containing linear
terms e.g. 4(x+3)
Simplify after multiplying

Algebra Expanding a single term over a 6th
brackets bracket
Multiply out brackets
Expanding involving positive terms
Algebra 7th
brackets such as (a + b)(c + d) and
collect like terms
Algebra Expanding Expand double brackets 9th

brackets (ax ± b)(cx ± d)
Expanding Expand two or more

Algebra brackets brackets 10th
Substitute positive
integers into simple
Algebra Expressions formulae expressed in 3rd
words
Use function machines to
Algebra Expressions create expressions 3rd
Substitute positive
integers into simple
Algebra Expressions formulae expressed in 4th
letter symbols, e.g. a+/- b,
a×b
Substitute integers into

Algebra Expressions more complex formulae 4th
expressed in letter
symbols, e.g. a/b, ax +/- b
Identify variables and use

letter symbols, e.g. 'the
Algebra Expressions cost of hiring a van...', c = 4th
cost, v = van
Algebra Expressions Identify formulae and 4th

functions
Algebra Expressions Identify the unknowns in 4th

a formula and a function
Explain the distinction

Algebra Expressions between equations, 4th
formulae and functions
simplify algebraic
Algebra Expressions expressions by collecting 4th
like terms
Create basic expressions

Algebra Expressions from worded examples 4th
e.g 6 more than x
Substitute positive
integers into more
complex formulae
(involving brackets and
Algebra Expressions more than one operation) 5th
expressed in letter
symbols (e.g. D = n(n −
3)/2 where D is the
number of diagonals in a
polygon of n sides)
Substitute positive and

Algebra Expressions negative integers into 5th
simple formulae
Write expressions to
Algebra Expressions solve problems 5th
representing a situation
Understand the
difference between an
Algebra Expressions expression and an 5th
equation and the
meaning of the key
vocabulary 'term'
Understand the different

Algebra Expressions role of letter symbols in 5th
Select an expression/
Algebra Expressions equation/ formula from a 5th
list
Substitute a positive value

Algebra Expressions into the expression x² 6th
Substitute positive
integers into expressions
Algebra Expressions involving small powers 6th
(up to 3)
equation/
Algebra Expressions formula/identity from a 6th
list

negative integers into
Algebra Expressions linear expressions and 7th
expressions involving
powers
Know and understand the
Algebra Expressions meaning of an identity 7th
and use the≠ sign
Expressions,
formulae and
identities
(including using Simplify simple linear
Algebra letter symbols algebraic expressions by 3rd
collecting like terms (e.g.
and a + a + a, 3b + 2b)
distinguishing
their different
roles in algebra)
Use distributive law with

Algebra Factorising 3rd
brackets, with numbers
Use the distributive law

Algebra Factorising to take out numerical 6th
common factors, e.g. 6a +
8b = 2(3a + 4b)
Manipulate expressions
by taking out common
Algebra Factorising factors, not necessarily 6th
the highest e.g. 4x + 8 =
2(2x + 4)
Factorise to one bracket

by taking out the highest
Algebra Factorising common factors for all 7th
terms e.g. 2x²y + 6xy² =
2xy(x + 3y)
factorise quadratic
expressions of the form
Algebra Factorising ax² + bx + c, including the 10th
factorise quadratic
Algebra Factorising expressions of the form 10th
ax² + bx + c
Change the subject of a

Algebra Formulae formula in one step e.g. y 6th
=x+4
Find an unknown where it

Algebra Formulae is not the subject of the 7th
formula and where an
equation must be solved.
Rearrange simple
Algebra Formulae equations 7th
In simple cases, change

the subject of the
Algebra Formulae formula, e.g. make c the 8th
subject of the formula
from y = mx + c
formula including where
Algebra Formulae the subject is on both 8th
sides

more complex formula
that involves the square
Algebra Formulae 9th
root e.g. make l the
subject of the formula T =
2pi √(l/g)

complex formula that
involves fractions, e.g.
Algebra Formulae make u or v the subject of 9th
the formula 1/v + 1/u
=1/t
Find outputs of simple

Algebra Functions functions in words and 2nd
symbols
Find outputs of more

complex functions
Algebra Functions expressed in words (e.g. 3rd
add 6 then multiply by 3)
Find the inputs of simple

functions expressed in
Algebra Functions words by using the output 3rd

Algebra Functions 3rd
find coordinates
complex functions and
Algebra Functions inputs using inverse 4th
operations
Construct functions to
Algebra Functions describe mappings 4th
(completing a number
machine)
Express simple functions

Algebra Functions in symbols 5th
Generate four quadrant

Algebra Functions coordinate pairs of simple 5th
linear functions
Algebra Functions Use function notation 10th
Find the inverse of a

Algebra Functions 11th
linear function
Find f(x) + g(x), 2f(x), f(3x)

Algebra Functions 12th
etc algebraically
Interpret the succession
of two functions as a
Algebra Functions 'composite function' e.g 12th
for f(x) and g(x) find gf(x)
Read x and y coordinate

Algebra Graphs in the first quadrant 2nd
Discuss and interpret line

Algebra Graphs graphs and graphs of 3rd
functions from a range of
sources
Read values from

Algebra Graphs straight-line graphs for 3rd
real-life situations
Algebra Graphs Draw, straight-line graphs 3rd

for real-life situations
Use conventions and

notation for 2-D co-
Algebra Graphs ordinates in all four 3rd
quadrants.
Algebra Graphs Draw, label and scale axes 3rd
Plot a simple distance-

Algebra Graphs time graph (straight-line 4th
graphs)
Algebra Graphs Read x and y coordinate 4th
in all four quadrants
Identify points with given

coordinates and
Algebra Graphs 4th
coordinates of a given
point in all four quadrants
Plot and draw graphs of y

Algebra Graphs = a, x = a, y = x and y = -x 4th
Draw and use graphs to

Algebra Graphs solve distance-time 5th
problems.
Interpret information
from a complex real life
Algebra Graphs graph (fixed charge/unit 5th
cost), read values and
discuss trends
Find the coordinates of

points identified by
Algebra Graphs geometrical information 5th
in 2D ( all four quadrants)
for simple shapes e.g.
squares and rectangles
Plot a graph of a simple

Algebra Graphs linear function in the first 5th
quadrant.
Plot and draw graphs of
Algebra Graphs straight lines using a table 5th
of values
Drawing and recognising

Algebra Graphs lines parallel to axes, plus 5th
y = x and y = -x
Begin to consider the

features of graphs of
simple linear functions,
where y is given explicitly
Algebra Graphs in terms of x, e.g. y = x, y 6th
= 2x, y = 3x are all straight
lines that pass through
the origin, vary in
steepness depending on
the function
Use gradients to interpret

Algebra Graphs how one variable changes 6th
in relation to another
Discuss and interpret

linear and non linear
Algebra Graphs graphs from a range of 6th
sources
Draw distance-time
Algebra Graphs graphs and velocity-time 6th
graphs

Algebra Graphs the midpoint of a line 6th
from a given graph
Plot the graphs of simple
linear functions in the
Algebra Graphs 6th
form y = mx + c in four
quadrants
Recognise that equations

of the form y = mx + c
Algebra Graphs correspond to straight- 6th
line graphs in the
coordinate plane
Know that the gradient of

Algebra Graphs a line is the change in y 7th
over change in x.
Without drawing the

graphs, compare and
contrast features of
Algebra Graphs graphs such as y = 4x, y = 7th
4x + 6, y = x + 6, y = -4x,
y= x - 6
Algebra Graphs Identify parallel lines from 7th

their equations
Generate points and plot
graphs of simple
Algebra Graphs quadratic functions, then 7th
more general functions
Construct a table of
Algebra Graphs values, including negative 7th
values of x for a function
such as y = ax²
Recognise a graph which

Algebra Graphs represents a quadratic 7th
function
Plot the graphs of linear

functions in the form y =
Algebra Graphs mx + c and recognise and 7th
compare their features
Recognise that linear

functions can be
rearranged to give y
Algebra Graphs explicitly in terms of x e.g. 7th
rearrange y + 3x - 2 = 0 in
the form y = 2 - 3x
Identify and interpret

Algebra Graphs gradient from an 8th
equation y=mx+c
Find the equation of a

Algebra Graphs straight-line from its 8th
graph
Identify the line of
Algebra Graphs symmetry of a quadratic 8th
graph
Recognise that when the

linear and inverse of a
linear function such as y =
Algebra Graphs 8th
2x, y = 3x are plotted,
they are a reflection in
the line y = x
Interpret distance-time
graphs and calculate the
Algebra Graphs speed of individual 8th
sections, total distance
and total time
Interpret gradient as rate

of change in distance-
time and speed-time
Algebra Graphs graphs, containers 8th
emptying and filling and
unit price graphs

roots, intercepts and
Algebra Graphs turning points of a 8th
quadratic graph
Given the coordinates of

Algebra Graphs points A and B, calculate 8th
the length of AB
straight lines WITHOUT
Algebra Graphs using a table of values 8th
(use intercept and
gradient)
Write down the equation

Algebra Graphs of a line parallel to a given 8th
line

Algebra Graphs gradient from an 9th
equation ax+by=c
Find approximate
solutions of a quadratic
Algebra Graphs equation from the graph 9th
of the corresponding
quadratic function
Recognise, sketch and

Algebra Graphs interpret graphs of simple 9th
cubic functions

Algebra Graphs interpret reciprocal 9th
graphs

the midpoint of a line
Algebra Graphs from coordinates using a 9th
formula
Deduce turning points by
Algebra Graphs 10th
completing the square
Sketch a graph of a
quadratic by factorising,
Algebra Graphs 10th
identifying roots and y-
intercept , turning point
Find the equation of the

Algebra Graphs line through two given 10th
points

Algebra Graphs line through one point 10th
with a given gradient
Know that a line

perpendicular to the line
Algebra Graphs y = mx + c, will have a 10th
gradient of -1/m

Algebra Graphs of a line perpendicular to 10th
a given line
Interpret and analyse a

straight line graph and
Algebra Graphs generate equations of 10th
lines parallel and
perpendicular to the
given line
Plot graphs of the
exponential function y =
Algebra Graphs kx for integer values of x 11th
and simple positive values
of k

interpret graphs of
Algebra Graphs trigonometric functions 11th
(in degrees) for sin, cos
and tan within the range -
360° to +360°
Interpret transformations
of graphs and write the
Algebra Graphs functions algebraically, 11th
e.g. write the equation of
f(x) + a or f(x - a)
Apply to the graph of y =

f(x) the transformations
y = -f(x)
Algebra Graphs y = f(-x) 11th
y = -f(-x) for linear,
quadratic, cubic, sine and
cosine functions

y = f(x) + a
Algebra Graphs y = f(ax 11th
y = f(x + a)
y = af(x) for linear,
cosine functions f(x)
Construct the graphs of
simple loci including the
circle x² + y² = r² for a
Algebra Graphs circle of radius r centred 11th
at the origin of the
coordinate plane
Find the gradient of the

Algebra Graphs radius that meets the 11th
circle at a given point
Estimate area under a

Algebra Graphs quadratic graph by 12th
dividing it into trapezia
Interpret the gradient of

linear or non-linear
graphs, and estimate the
Algebra Graphs gradient of a quadratic or 12th
non-linear graph at a
given point by sketching
the tangent and finding
its gradient

Algebra Graphs tangent to a circle at a 12th
given point
Interpret coodinates for
Algebra Graphs trigonometric graphs 12th
Plot graphs of the

Algebra Graphs abx for integer values of x 12th
and simple positive values
of a and b.
Recognise a quadratic
Algebra Graphs function from its equation 8th
and explain the shape of
it's graph
Use the correct notation

Algebra Inequalities to show inclusive and 3rd
exclusive inequalities
Show inequalities on a
Algebra Inequalities number line 4th
Write down whole

Algebra Inequalities number values that 6th
satisfy an inequality
Solve simple linear

inequalities in one
Algebra Inequalities variable and represent 7th
the solution on a number
line e.g. 3n + 2 <11 and 2n
- 1 >1
Represent the solution

Algebra Inequalities set for inequalities using 7th
set notation
Solve more complex
linear inequalities in one
variable and represent
Algebra Inequalities the solution on a number 8th
line e.g. -6 < 2n+4 or -9 <
2n + 3 < 7
Solve linear inequalities in

Algebra Inequalities two variables graphically 9th
Solve two simultaneous

Algebra Inequalities inequalities algebraically 9th
and show the solution set
on a number line
Solve quadratic
inequalities in one
Algebra Inequalities variable, by factorising 10th
and sketching the graph
to find critical values
Argue mathematically to
show algebraic
Algebra Proof expressions are 7th
equivalent e.g 2x(x + 3) -
4(3x - x²) = 6x(x - 1)
Use algebra to support

proofs e.g. show that the
Algebra Proof volume of a cube with 8th
side lengths of (2x - 1)cm
is (8x³ - 12x² + 6x - 1)cm³
Use algebra to support

Algebra Proof and construct arguments 8th
Answer simple proof and
'show that' questions
using consecutive
Algebra Proof integers (n, n+ 1), squares 9th
a², b², even numbers 2n,
and odd numbers 2n + 1
Describe simple functions

Algebra Sequences in words (e.g. add 3, 3rd
multiply by 6, subtract 4)
Generate terms of a
Algebra Sequences simple sequence using 3rd
term to term rules like +3,
-2
Find the next term in a

Algebra Sequences sequence, including 3rd
negative values
Generate and describe

Algebra Sequences simple integer sequences 3rd
- square and triangle
numbers
Generate terms of a
Algebra Sequences simple sequence arising 3rd
from practical contexts
Generate terms of a more

Algebra Sequences complex sequence arising 3rd
Find a term given its
position in a sequence
Algebra Sequences like tenth number in 4 × 4th
table is 40 (one operation
on n)
Find a term of a practical

Algebra Sequences sequence given its 4th
position in the sequence
Generate terms of a
linear sequence using
Algebra Sequences term-to-term using 4th
positive or negative
integers.
Find a specific term in the

Algebra Sequences sequence using term-to- 4th
term rules

integer sequences such as
Algebra Sequences powers of 2 and growing 4th
rectangles
Know that an arithmetic

sequence is generated by
Algebra Sequences a starting number , then 4th
adding a constant number
Write the term-to-term

Algebra Sequences definition of a sequence 4th
in words
Generate terms of a
Algebra Sequences linear sequence using 5th
position to term with
positive integers.
Recognise arithmetic
sequences from diagrams
Algebra Sequences and draw the next term in 5th
a pattern sequence
Predict how the sequence

Algebra Sequences should continue and test 5th
for several more terms
Recognise simple
sequences including
Algebra Sequences triangular, square, cube 5th
numbers and Fibonacci-
type sequences
Begin to use linear

expressions to describe
Algebra Sequences the nth term in a one- 5th
step arithmetic sequence
(e.g. nth term is 3n or n +
5)
Begin to use linear

expressions to describe
the nth term in a two-
Algebra Sequences 5th
step arithmetic sequence
(e.g. nth term is 3n + 1 or
n/2 − 5)

Algebra Sequences sequence using position- 6th
to-term rules
Recognise sequences
Algebra Sequences including those for odd 6th
and even numbers
Begin to use formal
algebra to describe the
nth term in an arithmetic
sequence.
Find and use the nth term

of an arithmetic sequence
Generate arithmetic
sequences of numbers ,
Algebra Sequences squared integers and 8th
sequences derived from
diagrams
Identify which terms

Algebra Sequences cannot be in a sequence 8th
Generate the sequence of

triangle numbers by
considering the
Algebra Sequences arrangement of dots and 8th
deduce that T(n) = 1 + 2 +
3 + .... + n, the sum of the
series
Recognise and use simple

geometric progressions
Algebra Sequences (rn where n is an integer 8th
and r is a rational number
number > 0 or a surd)
By looking at the spatial

patterns of triangular
Algebra Sequences numbers, deduce that the 8th
Algebra Sequences find terms of sequence 8th
Continue a quadratic
Algebra Sequences sequence and use the nth 9th
term to generate terms
Use finite/infinite and

Algebra Sequences ascending/ descending to 9th
describe sequences
Distinguish between
Algebra Sequences arithmetic and geometric 9th
sequences
Continue geometric
progression and find term
Algebra Sequences to term rule, including 9th
negative, fraction and
decimal terms
Find the nth term of a

quadratic sequence of the
Algebra Sequences form n² ,an², an² ± b, an² 11th
± bn ± c,
Use iteration with simple

converging sequences
Use notation and symbols
Algebra Simplifying correctly 3rd
Know that expressions

can be written in more
Algebra Simplifying than one way, e.g. 2 × 3 + 4th
2 × 7 = 2(3 + 7)
Algebra Simplifying Use arithmetic operations 4th

with algebra
Multiply together two

Algebra Simplifying simple algebraic 4th
expressions, e.g. 2a × 3b
involving repeated
Algebra Simplifying multiplication can be 6th
written as n, n², n³
Understand the
Algebra Simplifying difference between 2n 6th
and n²
Simplify expressions
Algebra Simplifying involving brackets and 9th
powers e.g. x(x²+x+4), 3(a
+ 2b) − 2(a + b)
Square a linear expression

Algebra Simplifying 9th
and collect like terms
Simplify and manipulate
algebraic expressions
Algebra Simplifying 10th
involving surds and
algebraic fractions
Simplify simple
Algebra Simplifying expressions involving 7th
expressions index notation
Solve exactly, by
elimination of an
Algebra Simultaneous unknown, linear/linear 8th
equations simultaneous equations,
including where both
need multiplying
Solve linear/linear
Simultaneous
Algebra equations simultaneous equations 8th
graphically
Solve simultaneous
equation, linear/linear
Simultaneous simultaneous
Algebra equations equations,where neither 8th
or one equation needs
multiplying
Simultaneous Write simultaneous

Algebra equations to represent a 8th
equations situation
Simultaneous Set up and solve a pair of

Algebra equations simultaneous equations 8th
in two variables
Solve simultaneous
equations representing a
Algebra Simultaneous real-life situation 8th
equations graphically and interpret
the solution in the
context of the question
Solve exactly, by
Simultaneous elimination of an
Algebra equations unknown, 10th
linear/quadratic
Find approximate
solutions to simultaneous
equations formed from
Algebra Simultaneous one linear function and 10th
equations one non-linear ( quadratic
or circle) function using a
graphical approach
Solve exactly, by
Simultaneous elimination of an
Algebra equations unknown, linear/x² + y² = 11th
r² simultaneous equations
Apply the property that

the probabilities of an
Probability Calculations exhaustive set of 4th
outcomes sum to 1
Know that if the

Probability Calculations probability of an event is 5th
p, the probability of it not
occurring is 1-p
Identify different mutually

exclusive outcomes and
Probability Calculations know that the sum of 5th
probabilities of all
outcomes is 1
Estimate the number of

times an event will occur,
Probability Calculations given the probability and 5th
Compare experimental
Probability Calculations and theoretical 5th
probabilites
Compare relative
Probability Calculations frequencies from samples 5th
of different sizes
Use a two-way table to

Probability Conditional calculate conditional 10th
probability probability
Conditional Use a tree diagram to

Probability probability calculate conditional 10th
probability
Use Venn diagrams to

Probability Conditional calculate conditional 10th
probability
probability
Identify all possible

mutually exclusive
Probability Diagrams/listing outcomes of a single 4th
event
Identify all mutually

exclusive outcomes for
Probability Diagrams/listing two successive events 5th
with two outcomes in
each event

Probability Diagrams/listing two successive events 5th
with three outcomes in
each event
Probability Diagrams/listing Record outcomes of 5th

events in tables and grids
Draw a probability tree
diagram based on given
Probability Diagrams/listing information (no more 6th
than 3 branches per
event)
Record outcomes of
Probability Diagrams/listing 7th
events in a Venn Diagram
Apply probabilities from

experimental data to a
Experimental different experiment in
Probability probability simple situations (only 4th
looking at one outcome) -
how many successes
would you expect?
Understand and use

experimental and
Experimental theoretical measures of
Probability probability probability, including 4th
relative frequency to
include outcomes using
dice, spinners, coins etc.

Experimental different experiment (a
Probability combination of two 5th
probability outcomes) - how many
successes would you
expect?
different experiment in
Experimental applying to two step
Probability probability outcomes, e.g. spin a 6th
spinner twice and total
the two numbers. Which
total is the most likely?
Identify conditions for a

Probability Experimental fair game - from a small 6th
probability set of options
Probability scale Use a probability scale

Probability and language with words. 3rd
Mark events and/or

Probability scale probabilities on a
Probability and language 3rd
probability scale of 0 to 1
Probability Probability scale Use the vocabulary of 4th

and language probability
Probability scale Understand and use the

Probability and language probability scale from 0 to 4th
1
When interpreting results

Probability scale
Probability and language of an experiment use 5th
vocabulary of probability
Probability scale Find the probability of an

Probability event happening using 5th
and language relative frequency
Probability scale Write probabilities in
Probability words, fractions, decimals 5th
and language and percentages
Find and justify

probabilities based on
Probability Sample space equally likely outcomes in 4th
simple contexts
Calculate the probability

of the final event of a set
Probability Sample space 6th
of mutually exclusive
events.
Use and draw sample

Probability Sample space space diagrams 6th
Use theoretical models to

Probability Sample space include outcomes using 7th
spinners, dice, coins etc.
Work out probabilities

Probability Tables from frequency tables 5th

Probability Tables from two-way tables 5th
Draw a frequency tree

based on given
Probability Tables information and use this 6th
to find probability and
expected outcome
Record outcomes of
Probability Tables probability experiments 6th
in tables
Find a missing probability

Probability Tables from a list or two-way 8th
table including algebraic
terms
Use tree diagrams to

calculate the probability
Probability Tree diagrams of two independent 6th
events

Probability Tree diagrams calculate the probability 8th
of two dependent events

Probability Tree diagrams calculate the probability 8th
of two dependent events
Understand conditional
probabilities and decide if
Probability Tree diagrams 10th
two events are
independent
Understand selection
Probability Tree diagrams with or without 10th
replacement
Use a tree diagram to

Probability Tree diagrams calculate conditional 10th
probability
Choose and justify
appropriate diagrams,
Application and graphs and charts, using
Statistics justification ICT as appropriate, to 3rd
illustrate a short report of
a statistical enquiry
Interpret and/or compare

bar graphs and frequency
Statistics Application and diagrams which are 5th
justification misleading (with false
origins, different scales
etc.)
Interpret pie charts and

Application and line graphs taking into
Statistics justification account different sized 5th
samples
Application and Identify which graphs are

Statistics justification the most useful in the 6th
context of the problem
Application and
Statistics justification Interpret and discuss data 6th
Interpret and analyse

information in a range of
Statistics Application and linear graphs - to describe 9th
justification how one variable changes
Draw conclusions based

Statistics Construct on the shape of line 3rd
statistical charts graphs
Construct
Statistics statistical charts Represent data in a table 3rd
Statistics Construct Extract data and interpret 3rd

statistical charts discrete bar charts
Construct Find mode from a

Statistics statistical charts discrete data bar chart 3rd
Construct Extract data and interpret

Statistics statistical charts line graphs 3rd
Find mode group from a

Statistics Construct discrete data grouped bar 3rd
statistical charts chart
Construct on paper, and

Construct using ICT simple bar
Statistics statistical charts graphs to represent 3rd
discrete data
Construct Answer simple questions

Statistics statistical charts about 'most likely' from a 3rd
simple bar chart
Construct Find the mode from any
Statistics statistical charts bar chart 3rd
Construct Construct on paper, and

Statistics statistical charts using ICT, bar charts; line 3rd
graphs to represent data
Statistics Construct Produce bar charts 3rd

statistical charts including dual bar charts
Statistics Construct Produce pictograms 3rd

statistical charts
Statistics Construct Interpret simple diagrams 4th

statistical charts and charts
Understand which
Statistics Construct representation is most 4th
statistical charts appropriate for the data
being presented
Construct Interpret data in a simple

Statistics statistical charts table 4th
Construct Extract data and interpret
Statistics statistical charts frequency tables 4th
Statistics Construct Interpret simple pie 4th

statistical charts charts
Group data, where

Construct appropriate in equal class
Statistics statistical charts 4th
intervals
Design and use data

Construct collection sheets for
Statistics statistical charts grouped, discrete and 4th
continuous data
Use information provided

Statistics Construct to complete a two-way 4th
statistical charts table
Produce pie-charts for

Construct categorical data and
Statistics statistical charts discrete/continuous 4th
numerical data
Construct on paper and

Construct using ICT simple pie
Statistics statistical charts charts using categorical 5th
data - e.g. two or three
categories
Construct Use simple two way
Statistics statistical charts tables 5th
Construct a simple (no

Construct boundary data) frequency
Statistics table with given equal 5th
statistical charts class intervals for
continuous data.
Construct a frequency
Construct table with given equal
Statistics statistical charts class intervals for 5th
continuous data
(boundary data given)
Identify where boundary

data would go for
Construct different use of
inequalities. Discrete and
continuous data.
Design tables recording

Statistics Construct discrete and continuous 5th
statistical charts data
Construct Construct complex bar

Statistics graphs (should be 5th
statistical charts compound)
Construct Construct with ICT simple

Statistics statistical charts line graphs for time series 5th
Construct Design a question for a
Statistics statistical charts questionnaire 5th
Statistics Construct Criticise questions for a 5th

statistical charts questionnaire
Design and use two-way

Construct tables for discrete and
grouped data
Produce grouped
Construct
Statistics statistical charts frequency tables for 5th
continuous data
Produce ordered back-to-

Construct
Statistics statistical charts back stem and leaf 6th
diagrams
Make inferences about

Construct data through extracting
Statistics 6th
statistical charts information from a two
way table
Construct Use more complex two

Statistics statistical charts way tables 7th
Histograms and Construct on paper, and
cumulative using ICT, frequency
Statistics 7th
frequency diagrams for grouped
graphs discrete data
Histograms and
cumulative Know the appropriate use
Statistics frequency of a cumulative frequency 8th
graphs diagram
Histograms and
Statistics cumulative Construct cumulative 8th
frequency frequency tables
graphs
Histograms and
cumulative Construct cumulative
Statistics frequency frequency graphs 9th
graphs
Histograms and
cumulative Interpret cumulative
Statistics frequency frequency graphs 9th
graphs
Histograms and
cumulative Know the appropriate use
Statistics frequency of Histograms 10th
graphs
Histograms and
cumulative Use and understand
Statistics frequency frequency density 11th
graphs
Histograms and Construct and interpret

cumulative histograms from class
Statistics 11th
frequency intervals with unequal
graphs width
Histograms and
cumulative From a histogram
Statistics frequency complete a grouped 11th
graphs frequency table
Histograms and From a histogram
cumulative
Statistics understand and define 11th
frequency frequency density
graphs
Statistics Mean, median, Find range from a set of 1st

mode and range ordered data
Mean, median, Find the range of a small

Statistics mode and range set of data. 2nd
Find the mode and range

Statistics Mean, median, for a small set of discrete 3rd
mode and range data
Mean, median, Calculate the median of a

Statistics mode and range set of data 3rd
Mean, median, Find the modal class for a

Statistics mode and range small set of grouped 3rd
discrete data
Mean, median, Compare two simple

Statistics distributions using the 3rd
mode and range range and the mode
Draw conclusions from

Statistics Mean, median, simple statistics for a 3rd
mode and range
single distribution
Mean, median, Find the modal class of a
Statistics mode and range set of continuous data 3rd
Calculate the mean,

Statistics Mean, median, median, mode and range 3rd
mode and range for discrete data
Mean, median, Find the mode and range

Statistics mode and range from a bar chart 3rd
Interpret simple pie

charts using simple
Mean, median,
Statistics mode and range fractions and percentages 3rd
and multiples of 10%
sections
Mean, median, Calculate the mean of a

Statistics mode and range set of data 4th
Mean, median, Compare two simple

Statistics distributions using the 4th
mode and range range and the median
Mean, median, Calculate the mean from

Statistics mode and range a simple frequency table 4th
Compare two simple
Mean, median,
Statistics mode and range distributions using the 4th
range and the mean
Recognise when it is
Mean, median, appropriate to use range,
Statistics mode and range mean ,median or mode in 4th
simple cases (nice data,
with no extreme values)
Mean, median, Interpret data from

Statistics mode and range simple compound and 4th
comparative bar charts
Calculate find the range,

modal class, interval
Mean, median, containing the median
Statistics mode and range and find an estimate of 4th
the mean of a grouped
data frequency table.
Mean, median, From a pie chart find the

Statistics mode and range mode; total frequency 4th
Compare two
Statistics Mean, median, distributions given 5th
mode and range summary statistics in
simple cases.
Compare two
Mean, median, distributions given
Statistics mode and range summary statistics in 5th
more complex cases.
Compare two
Statistics Mean, median, distributions using the 5th
mode and range range of data
Interpret data from

Mean, median, compound and
Statistics mode and range 5th
appropriate to use mean,
Mean, median,
Statistics mode and range median or mode in more 6th
complex cases (put in
extreme values)
Recognise when modal

Mean, median, class is the most
Statistics mode and range appropriate statistic for 6th
grouped data
Construct and use

Mean, median,
Statistics mode and range frequency polygons to 6th
compare sets of data
Mean, median, Identify and explain

Statistics anomalies (outliers) in a 6th
mode and range data set
Understand that the
expression 'estimate' will
Mean, median, be used where
Statistics mode and range appropriate, when finding 6th
the mean of grouped data
using mid-interval values
Mean, median, Calculate the mean and

Statistics range from a frequency 6th
mode and range
table for discrete data
Mean, median, Find the median, mode

Statistics mode and range and range from a stem 7th
and leaf diagram
Estimate the mean of

Statistics Mean, median, grouped data using the 7th
mode and range mid-interval value
Understand that the

frequency represented by
Mean, median, corresponding sectors in
Statistics mode and range two pie charts is 7th
dependent upon the total
populations represented
by each of the pie charts
Recognise the advantages

Statistics Mean, median, and disadvantages 7th
mode and range between measures of
average
Mean, median, Calculate possible values
Statistics mode and range of the set of data given 8th
summary statistics
Interpret box plots to find

Statistics Mean, median, median, quartiles, range 8th
mode and range and interquartile range
and draw conclusions
Produce box plots from

Mean, median, raw data and identify
Statistics mode and range outliers when given 8th
quartiles and median
Find the median, quartiles

Mean, median, and interquartile range
Statistics mode and range for large data sets with 9th
grouped data
Compare the measures of

Statistics Mean, median, spread between a pair of 9th
mode and range box plots/cumulative
frequency graphs
Compare the mean,

Mean, median, median, mode and range
Statistics mode and range as appropriate of two 10th
distributions
Use a spreadsheet to
Mean, median, calculate mean and range
Statistics mode and range and find median and 10th
mode
Compare distributions
and make inferences,
Mean, median, using the shapes of
Statistics mode and range distributions and 10th
measures of average and
spread, including median
and quartiles
Compare median and

Statistics Mean, median, inter-quartile range of 10th
mode and range
two distributions
From a cumulative
Statistics Mean, median, frequency graph estimate 10th
mode and range frequency greater/less
than a given value
Statistics Mean, median, Estimate the mean from a 10th

mode and range histogram
Estimate the median (or

Mean, median, other information) from a
Statistics mode and range histogram with unequal 11th
class width
Understand how different

sample sizes may not be
Statistics Sampling representative of a whole 6th
population
Identify what primary

Statistics Sampling data to collect and in 6th
what format including
grouped data
Statistics Sampling Recognise quantitative 6th
and qualitative data
Identify possible sources

Statistics Sampling of bias and plan to 6th
minimise it
Understand what is
Statistics Sampling meant by a sample and a 6th
population
Statistics Sampling Understand primary and 6th

secondary data sources
Statistics Sampling Criticise questions from a 7th

questionnaire
Understand how sources

Statistics Sampling of data may be biased 7th
Decide what data to

Statistics Sampling collect and what analysis 7th
is needed
Write questionnaire
questions to eliminate
bias, on timing and
Statistics Sampling location of survey to 7th
ensure sample is
representative
Statistics Sampling Know the definition of 7th
random sampling
Use random numbers to

Statistics Sampling get a sample 8th
Select and justify a

sampling scheme and a
Statistics Sampling method to investigate a 9th
population, including
random and stratified
sampling
Stratified sampling - know

the definition and state in
Statistics Sampling terms of proportion, 10th
fraction, percentage or
ratio
Statistics Scatter graphs Interpret a scatter graph 5th
Statistics Scatter graphs Draw scatter graphs 5th
State how reliable their

Statistics Scatter graphs predictions are 7th
Draw a line of best fit by
Statistics Scatter graphs eye and understand what 7th
they represent
Understand that
Statistics Scatter graphs correlation does not 7th
imply causality
Distinguish between
positive, negative and
Statistics Scatter graphs zero correlation using 7th
lines of best fit
Appreciate that
correlation is a measure
of the strength of the
association between two
Statistics Scatter graphs variables and that zero 7th
correlation does not
necessarily imply 'no
relationship' but merely
'no linear relationship'
Use a line of best fit, or

otherwise, to predict
Statistics Scatter graphs values of one variable 7th
given values of the other
variable
Intepret scatter graphs in
Statistics Scatter graphs terms of the relationship 7th
between two variables
Statistics Scatter graphs Use the line of best fit to 7th

make predictions
Interpolate and
extrapolate apparent
Statistics Scatter graphs trends whilst knowing the 7th
dangers of doing so
Interpret correlation in
Statistics Scatter graphs terms of the problem 7th
Accurate Measure lines to the

Geometry and drawing nearest millimetre 2nd
Accurate Use a protractor to

Geometry and measure acute angles to 2nd
drawing the nearest degree
Accurate Begin to estimate the size

Geometry and drawing of angles 3rd
Use a protractor to
Geometry and Accurate
drawing measure obtuse angles to 3rd
the nearest degree
Accurate Use a protractor to draw
Geometry and acute angles to the 3rd
drawing nearest degree
Accurate Use a protractor to

Geometry and drawing measure reflex angles to 3rd
the nearest degree
Accurate Measure shapes to find

Geometry and 3rd
drawing (perimeters and) areas
Accurate Use a protractor to draw

Geometry and drawing obtuse angles to the 4th
nearest degree
Use a protractor to draw

Accurate reflex angles to the
Geometry and drawing 4th
nearest degree
Understand and use the

Geometry and Accurate language associated with 4th
drawing bearings
Accurate Use bearing to specify

Geometry and drawing direction 4th
Give a bearing between

Accurate the points on a map or
Geometry and drawing 4th
scaled plan
Accurate Given the bearing of point

Geometry and A from point B, work out 6th
drawing the bearing of B from A
Mark on a diagram the
Accurate position of point B given
Geometry and 7th
drawing its bearing from the point
A
Geometry and Accurate Use accurate drawing to 7th

drawing solve bearings problems
Geometry and Angle Know the sum of angles 1st

properties on a straight line
Geometry and Angle

properties
Tessellate combinations
of polygons 1st
Explain why some shapes

Angle
Geometry and properties tessellate and why other 1st
shapes do not
Angle
Geometry and Identify parallel lines 2nd
properties
Angle Know the sum of angles

Geometry and 2nd
properties round a point
Angle Use correct notation for
Geometry and properties labelling angles 3rd
Angle Distinguish between

Geometry and properties acute and obtuse angles 3rd
Angle Distinguish between

Geometry and properties acute, obtuse and reflex 3rd
angles
Angle Identify perpendicular

Geometry and properties lines 3rd
Angle Identify interior and

Geometry and properties exterior angles in a shape 4th
Know the definition of a

Geometry and Angle set of lines which are 4th
properties perpendicular to each
other
Angle Calculate angles around a
Geometry and properties point 4th
Angle Recognise and use

Geometry and properties vertically opposite angles 4th
Angle Use sum of angles in a

Geometry and properties triangle to find missing 4th
angle values
Derive and use the sum of

Angle
Geometry and properties angles in a triangle and a 4th
quadrilateral
Derive and use the fact

that the exterior angle of
Angle
Geometry and properties a triangle is equal to the 4th
sum of the two opposite
interior angles
Use the sum of the

Geometry and Angle interior angle and the 4th
properties exterior angle is 180°
Solve harder problems
using properties of
Angle angles, of parallel and
Geometry and properties intersecting lines, and of 5th
triangles and other
polygons - by looking at
several shapes together
Identify alternate and

Geometry and Angle corresponding angles on 5th
properties parallel lines and their
values.
Geometry and Angle Identify co-interior angles 6th

properties and their values.
Use the sum of the

Geometry and Angle exterior angles of any 6th
properties polygon is 360°
Geometry and Angle Calculate the interior 6th

properties angles of regular polygons
Use the sum of angles in a

Geometry and Angle
properties
triangle to deduce and
use the angle sum in any 6th
polygon
Use the sum of the
Angle
Geometry and properties interior angles of an n- 7th
sided polygon
Angle Calculate the interior

Geometry and properties angles of polygons 7th
Find the size of each

Angle interior angle or the size
Geometry and properties of each exterior angle or 7th
the number of sides of a
regular polygon
Area and Find the perimeter of a

Geometry and volume square/rectangle by 1st
counting
Area and Find the perimeter of a

Geometry and volume square/rectangle 2nd
Use the formula for the

Geometry and Area and
volume area of a 3rd
rectangle/square
Area and Calculate the surface area

Geometry and volume of cubes with a net 3rd
Area and Use nets to calculate the

Geometry and volume surface area of simple 3rd
cuboids
Calculate perimeter and

area of compound shapes
volume made from triangles, 3rd
rectangles and other
shapes
Calculate the area of
Geometry and Area and simple shapes made from 4th
volume rectangles
Area and Calculate the area of

Geometry and more complex shapes 4th
volume made from rectangles

Geometry and volume of cubes, without a net 4th
Calculate the perimeter

Geometry and Area and and area of shapes made 4th
volume
from rectangles
Calculate the surface area

Geometry and Area and of simple cuboids 4th
volume
(without use of nets)
Find the area of triangles

Area and by counting i.e. adding
Geometry and volume 5th
full and partial squares
Know the formulae for

Area and
Geometry and volume the volume of cube and a 5th
cuboid
Area and Use a formula to calculate

Geometry and the area of 5th
volume parallelograms
Area and Use a formula to calculate

Geometry and volume the area of triangles 5th
Geometry and Area and Deduce and use formulae 5th

volume for the area of a triangle
Calculate areas of
Area and compound shapes made
Geometry and 5th
volume from rectangles and
triangles
Area and Deduce and use the

Geometry and volume formula for the area of a 6th
parallelogram

volume
Use a formula to calculate
the area of trapezia 6th
Deduce and use formula

Geometry and Area and for the area of a 6th
volume trapezium
Calculate surface areas of

Area and shapes made from
Geometry and volume cuboids, for lengths given 6th
as whole numbers

Geometry and Area and the circumference and 6th
volume area of a circle
Geometry and Area and Use the formula for the 6th
volume circumference of a circle
Area and Use the formulae for area

Geometry and volume of a circle, given the 6th
radius or diameter
Calculate volumes of
Area and shapes made from
Geometry and volume cuboids, for lengths given 7th
as whole numbers
Geometry and Area and Calculate the volume of 7th

volume right prisms

Geometry and volume of right prisms 7th
Calculate the lengths and

Geometry and Area and areas given the volumes 7th
volume
in right prisms
Calculate the lengths,

Area and
Geometry and volume areas and volumes in 7th
cylinders
Use the formulae for the

circumference and area
Area and of a circle, given the
Geometry and volume circumference or area, to 7th
calculate the radius or
diameter
Area and Find the perimeters and

Geometry and areas of semicircles and 7th
volume quarter circles
Find the surface area of

simple shapes (prisms)
volume using the formulae for 8th
triangles and rectangles,
and other shapes
Find the surface area and
volumes of compound
Area and solids constructed from
Geometry and volume cubes, cuboids, cones, 8th
pyramids, spheres,
hemispheres, cylinders
Area and Recognise the formulae

Geometry and for length of arcs in a 8th
volume circle.
Area and Recognise the formulae

Geometry and volume for area of sectors in a 8th
circle.
Solve problems including

Geometry and Area and examples of solids in 10th
volume
everyday use
Use the formulae for

Area and length of arcs and area of
Geometry and volume sectors of circles to solve 11th
problems.
Solve problems involving

more complex shapes and
Geometry and Area and solids, including segments 12th
volume of circles and frustums of
cones
Find the area of a

Area and segment of a circle given
Geometry and volume the radius and length of 12th
the chord

Geometry and Circle theorems angles, triangles and 8th
circles
Prove and use the fact
Geometry and Circle theorems that the angle in a 9th
semicircle is a right angle ;

Geometry and Circle theorems that angles in the same 9th
segment are equal

Geometry and Circle theorems that opposite angles of a 9th
cyclic quadrilateral sum to
180°
Prove and use facts about

the angle subtended at
Geometry and Circle theorems the centre and at the 9th
circumference;
Prove and use the

Geometry and Circle theorems alternate segment 10th
theorem
Give reasons for angle

Geometry and Circle theorems sizes using mathematical 11th
language

and length calculations
Geometry and Circle theorems involving the use of 11th
tangent theorems
Use the basic congruence

Geometry and Congruence criteria for triangles (SSS, 4th
SAS, ASA, RHS)
Geometry and Congruence Know and understand the 5th
term 'congruent'
Know that triangles given

SSS, SAS, ASA or RHS are
Geometry and Congruence 5th
unique, but that triangles
given SSA or AAA are not.
Know that translations,

rotations and reflections
Geometry and Congruence map objects on to 5th
congruent images
Geometry and Congruence Identify congruent shapes 6th
Identify 2-D shapes that

Geometry and Congruence are congruent or similar 6th
by reference to sides and
angles
Identify shapes which are

Geometry and Congruence similar, including all 6th
regular polygons with
equal number of sides
Recognise that all

corresponding angles in
similar shapes are equal
Geometry and Congruence 6th
in size when the
corresponding lengths of
sides are not equal in size
Begin to use congruency

to solve simple problems
Geometry and Congruence in triangles and 7th
quadrilaterals
Use the information given
about the length of sides
and sizes of angles to
Geometry and Congruence determine whether 7th
triangles are congruent,
or similar
Geometry and Congruence Use similarity to solve 8th

problems in 2D shapes
Use simple examples of

the relationship between
Geometry and Congruence enlargement and areas 8th
and volumes of simple
shapes and solids
Use congruence to show

that translations,
rotations and reflections
preserve length and
Geometry and Congruence angle, so that any figure is 10th
congruent to its image
under any of these
transformations
Solve problems for areas

Geometry and Congruence and volumes of similar 12th
shapes and solids
Identify more complex

Geometry and Constructions arrangement of a net of a 1st
closed cube
Identify complex
Geometry and Constructions arrangements of a net of 1st
an open cube
Identify and name

common solids: cube,
Geometry and Constructions 1st
cuboid, cylinder, prism,
pyramid, sphere and cone
Know the terms face,

Geometry and Constructions edge and vertex 1st
Know and use geometric

Geometry and Constructions properties of cuboids 2nd
Construct diagrams of
everyday 2-D situations
Geometry and Constructions involving rectangles, 2nd
triangles, perpendicular
and parallel lines
Identify different nets of a

Geometry and Constructions cuboid 3rd

Geometry and Constructions properties of shapes 3rd
made from cuboids
Use ruler and protractor

to construct simple nets
of 3D shapes, using
squares, rectangles and
Geometry and Constructions triangles, e.g. regular 4th
tetrahedron, square-
based pyramid, triangular
prism
Begin to use plans and
Geometry and Constructions 4th
elevations
Identify simple nets of 3D

Geometry and Constructions shapes - regular 5th
polyhedra
Use straight edge and

compasses to construct
Geometry and Constructions the mid point and 5th
perpendicular bisector of
a line segment

Geometry and Constructions nets of 3D shapes 6th
including irregular
polyhedra.
Deduce properties of
Geometry and Constructions simple 3D shapes from 6th
their 2D representations
Analyse 3-D shapes

Geometry and Constructions through 2-D 6th
representations.
Analyse 3-D shapes

Geometry and Constructions through cross-sections, 6th
plans and elevations
Draw plans and elevations

Geometry and Constructions of 3-D shapes 6th
Geometry and Constructions compasses to construct 6th
the bisector of an angle

compasses to construct a
Geometry and Constructions triangle given three sides 6th
(SSS)
Construct an equilateral
Geometry and Constructions triangle 6th
Construct a regular
Geometry and Constructions hexagon inside a circle 6th

compass to construct the
Geometry and Constructions perpendicular from or to 7th
a point on a line segment

Geometry and Constructions triangle, given right angle, 7th
hypotenuse and side
(RHS)
Draw the locus
Geometry and Constructions equidistant between 2 7th
points or from a point
Produce shapes and paths

Geometry and Constructions by using descriptions of 7th
loci
Use construction to find

Geometry and Constructions the locus of a point that 7th
moves according to a rule
Geometry and Constructions Understand loci about a 7th

point, line and corner.
Geometry and Constructions Construct angles of 60°, 7th

90°, 30°, 45°
Understand that a locus
in 3D can be a plane or
curved surface and
extend understanding of
loci to include 3D
Geometry and Constructions 8th
problems, e.g. know that
all the points equidistant
from a single point in
space form the surface of
a sphere
Understand how standard

constructions using
straight edge and
Geometry and Constructions compasses relate to the 8th
properties of two
intersecting circles with
equal radii
Suggest suitable units to

Geometry and Measurement estimate or measure 1st
length, mass and capacity
Record readings from

Geometry and Measurement scales to a suitable 1st
degree of accuracy
Read and interpret scales

Geometry and Measurement on a range of measuring 1st
instruments
Geometry and Measurement Work out time intervals 1st

Understand that area is
Geometry and Measurement measured in square 2nd
centimetres
Choose suitable metric

Geometry and Measurement units to estimate length 2nd
and area.
Record estimates to a
Geometry and Measurement suitable degree of 3rd
accuracy
Use units of
measurement to estimate
and solve problems in
Geometry and Measurement everyday contexts 3rd
involving length, area,
volume, mass, time and
angle
Know that measurements

using real numbers
Geometry and Measurement depend upon the choice 3rd
of unit
Solve simple problems

involving units of
Geometry and Measurement measurement in the 4th
context of length and
area
Geometry and Parallel lines Mark parallel lines on a 2nd

diagram
Geometry and Parallel lines Draw parallel lines 2nd
Begin to use the

Right-angled trigonometric ratios to
Geometry and triangles find the size of an angle in 6th
a right-angled triangle
Know the formula for

Right-angled Pythagoras' theorem and
Geometry and triangles use to find the 7th
hypotenuse

Geometry and Right-angled Pythagoras' theorem and 8th
triangles use to find a shorter side
Right-angled Use and apply

Geometry and triangles Pythagoras' theorem to 8th
solve problems
Use the sine, cosine and
tangent ratios to find the
lengths of unknown sides
in a right-angled triangle,
Right-angled using straight-forward
Geometry and 8th
triangles algebraic manipulation,
e.g. calculate the adjacent
(using cosine), or the
opposite (using sine or
tangent ratios)
Understand the language

triangles of planes, and recognise 8th
the diagonals of a cuboid

Right-angled using more complex
Geometry and 9th
triangles algebraic manipulation,
e.g. the hypotenuse
(using cosine or sine), or
adjacent (using the
tangent ratio)
Use the appropriate ratio
Right-angled to find a length, or angle,
Geometry and 9th
triangles and hence solve a two-
dimensional problem

triangles
Find angles of elevation
and angles of depression 9th
Right-angled Understand, recall and

Geometry and use Pythagoras' theorem 10th
triangles in 3-D problems

triangles
Calculate the length of a
diagonal of a cuboid 10th
Right-angled Use the trigonometric

Geometry and ratios to solve 3-D 12th
triangles problems
Find the angle between a
Right-angled line and a plane (but not
Geometry and triangles the angle between two 12th
planes or between two
skew lines)
Shape
Geometry and properties Draw sketches of shapes 1st
Shape Recognise properties of

Geometry and properties squares 1st
Geometry and Shape Recognise properties of 1st

properties rectangles
Shape Identify all the

Geometry and 1st
properties symmetries of 2-D shapes
Shape Recognise reflection

Geometry and 2nd
properties symmetry
Shape Use correct notation for

Geometry and 2nd
properties labelling lines
Shape Know the sum of angles in
Geometry and properties a triangle is 180° 2nd
Shape Identify quadrilaterals

Geometry and properties from everyday usage 2nd
Geometry and Shape Use correct notation for 3rd

properties labelling triangles
Geometry and Shape Mark perpendicular lines 3rd

properties on a diagram
Recognise and visualise

Geometry and Shape the symmetry of a 2-D 3rd
properties shape: line symmetry
Shape Calculate angles in a

Geometry and 3rd
properties triangle
Identify simple angle, side

Shape and symmetry properties
Geometry and properties 3rd
of triangles
Shape Identify angle, side and
Geometry and symmetry properties of 3rd
properties simple quadrilaterals
Geometry and Shape Use geometric language 4th

properties appropriately
Geometry and Shape Identify regular and 4th

properties irregular polygons
Draw or complete
Geometry and Shape diagrams with a given 4th
properties number of lines of
symmetry
Draw or complete
Geometry and Shape diagrams with a given 4th
properties order of rotational
symmetry
Shape Recognise and visualise

Geometry and the rotational symmetry 4th
properties of a 2-D shape
Identify and plot points

Shape determined by geometric
Geometry and properties 4th
information
Shape Find co-ordinates of
Geometry and properties points determined by 4th
geometric information
Solve geometric problems

Geometry and Shape
properties
using side and angle
properties of equilateral 4th
and isosceles triangles
List the properties of

Shape each, or identify (name) a
Geometry and properties 4th
given shape
Name all quadrilaterals

Geometry and Shape
properties that have a specific 4th
property
Shape Solve simple geometrical

Geometry and properties problems using properties 4th
of triangles
Shape Solve simple geometrical

Geometry and problems using properties 4th
properties of quadrilaterals
Identify and begin to use

Shape angle, side and symmetry
Geometry and properties properties of 4th
quadrilaterals
Geometry and Shape Draw a circle given the 5th

properties radius or diameter
Shape Draw and label diagrams
Geometry and properties from given instructions 6th

Shape using side and angle
Geometry and properties properties of equilateral, 6th
isosceles and right-angled
triangles
Shape Know the names of parts

Geometry and properties of a circle 6th
Shape Know the definition of a

Geometry and properties circle 6th
Geometry and Shape Draw circles and arcs to a 6th

properties given radius
Know that the

Shape perpendicular distance
Geometry and from a point to a line is 7th
properties the shortest distance to
the line
Know that the tangent at

Shape any point on a circle is
Geometry and 9th
properties perpendicular to the
radius at that point.
Know that the

Shape perpendicular from the
Geometry and properties centre to the chord 9th
bisects the chord.
Shape fact that tangents from an
Geometry and 11th
properties external point are equal
in length
Shape Justify if a triangle is right-

Geometry and properties and angled given its three 7th
proof lengths
Shape Derive the fact that base

Geometry and properties and angles of isosceles 8th
proof triangles are equal
Complete a formal
Shape geometric proof of
Geometry and properties and similarity of two given 9th
proof triangles
Geometry and Transformations Recognise where a shape 1st

will be after reflection

Geometry and Transformations language associated with 1st
translations

Geometry and Transformations language associated with 1st
reflections
Scale a shape on a grid

Geometry and Transformations (without a centre 1st
specified)
Recognise and visualise
Geometry and Transformations the reflection in a mirror 2nd
line of a 2-D shape
Geometry and Transformations Translate a shape on a 2nd

square/coordinate grid
Recognise where a shape

Geometry and Transformations will be after translation 2nd

Geometry and Transformations language associated with 2nd
rotations
Recognise and visualise -

rotation about a given
Geometry and Transformations point (rotation point must 3rd

Geometry and Transformations rotations and reflections 5th
preserve length and angle
Recognise that
Geometry and Transformations enlargements preserve 5th
angle but not length
Enlarge 2-D shapes, given

a centre of enlargement
Geometry and Transformations and a positive whole 6th
number scale factor
Explore enlargement
Geometry and Transformations using ICT 6th
Enlarge a given shape

Geometry and Transformations using (0, 0) as the centre 6th
of enlargement
Geometry and Transformations Enlarge shapes with a 6th

centre other than (0, 0)
Geometry and Transformations Find the centre of 6th

enlargement
Geometry and Transformations Use vector notation for 7th

translations
Geometry and Transformations Use 2D Vector notation 7th

for translation

language and notation
Geometry and Transformations associated with 7th
enlargement
Enlarge 2D shapes, given

Geometry and Transformations 7th
a fractional scale factor
Find the centre of
Geometry and Transformations rotation 7th
Geometry and Transformations Describe a transformation 7th
Geometry and Transformations Describe reflections on a 7th

coordinate grid
Colour in missing squares

Geometry and Transformations to complete a reflection 7th
Recognise whether a
Geometry and Transformations reflection is correct 7th
Transform 2-D shapes by

simple combinations of
rotations, reflections and
translations, using ICT
Geometry and Transformations (e.g. repeated reflection, 8th
rotation or translation,
reflections in the x and y
axes, rotations about (0,
0))
Transform 2D shapes by a
more complex
combinations of
Geometry and Transformations rotations, reflections and 8th
translations, e.g. a
reflection, followed by a
rotation etc
Enlarge 2D shapes, given

Geometry and Transformations a negative, fractional 10th
scale factor
Know and apply the sine

Geometry and Trigonometry rule a/sin A = b/sin B = 10th
c/sin C to find unknown
lengths and angles
know and apply the

cosine rule a² = b² + c² -
Geometry and Trigonometry 2bc cos A to find 10th
unknown lengths
Calculate the area of a

triangle given the length
Geometry and Trigonometry of two sides and the 10th
included angle
know and apply the

Geometry and Trigonometry cosine rule a² = b² + c² - 11th
2bc cos A to find
unknown angles
Know and apply Area =

1/2 ab sin C to calculate
Geometry and Trigonometry 11th
the sides or angles of any
triangle
Know the exact values of
sin Ѳ and cos Ѳ for Ѳ =
0°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90°;
Geometry and Trigonometry know the exact value of 12th
tan Ѳ for Ѳ = 0°, 30°, 45°
and 60°
Use the sine and cosine

Geometry and Trigonometry rules to solve 2-D and 3-D 12th
problems
Geometry and Vectors Express points as position 7th

vectors
Geometry and Vectors Understand and use 7th

vector notation
Geometry and Vectors Add and Subtract vectors 8th
Work out the magnitude

Geometry and Vectors of a vector 10th
Calculate, and represent

graphically, the sum of
Geometry and Vectors two vectors, the 10th
difference of two vectors
and a scalar multiple of a
vector
Calculate the resultant of

Geometry and Vectors 10th
two vectors
Solve geometrical
Geometry and Vectors problems in 2-D using 10th
vector methods
Geometry and Vectors Prove lines are 11th

parallel/colinear
Geometry and Vectors Apply vector methods for 12th

simple geometrical proofs
Divide a quantity into two

parts in a given ratio,
Ratio, proport Calculations where ratio given in ratio 4th
notation
Use the unitary method

Ratio, proport Calculations to solve simple word 5th
problems involving ratio
and direct proportion
Divide a quantity into

Ratio, proport Calculations more than two parts in a 5th
given ratio
Compare ratios by
Ratio, proport Calculations changing them to the 6th
form 1 : m or m : 1
Solve a ratio problem in
Ratio, proport Calculations context 6th
Divide a given quantity

Ratio, proport Calculations into two parts in a given 6th
part:part or part: whole
ratio
Write as ratio as a
Ratio, proport Calculations fraction 6th
Ratio, proport Calculations Interpret and write ratios 7th

to describe a situation
Ratio, proport Calculations Write a ratio as a linear 8th

function
Understand and use

Compound
Ratio, proport measures compound measures 7th
(density, speed, pressure)
Compound Solve problems using

Ratio, proport constant rates and 7th
measures related formulae
Compound Solve problems involving

Ratio, proport measures compound measures 7th
Convert a larger whole
number metric unit to a
Ratio, proport Conversions smaller unit (e.g. 3 4th
kilograms to 3000 grams)
Ratio, proport Conversions Convert between simple 4th

metric units.
Convert a smaller whole

Ratio, proport Conversions number metric unit to a 4th
larger unit (e.g. 3000
grams to 3 kilograms)
Convert one metric unit

to another, including
Ratio, proport Conversions decimals (e.g. 3250 grams 5th
to 3.25 kilograms, or
3.25kg to 3250g)
Know rough metric

equivalents of imperial
Ratio, proport Conversions measures in daily use 6th
(feet, miles, pounds,
pints, gallons)
Convert between area

measures (e.g. mm² to
Ratio, proport Conversions cm², cm² to m², and vice 6th
versa)
Convert between metric

Ratio, proport Conversions measures of volume and 6th
capacity eg 1 cm³ = 1 ml
Write lengths, areas and
Ratio, proport Conversions volumes of two shapes as 7th
ratios in simplest form
Ratio, proport Conversions Estimate conversions 7th
Extend to simple
conversions of compound
Ratio, proport Conversions measures (e.g. convert 2 8th
m/s to km/hr)
Ratio, proport Conversions Convert imperial units to 8th

imperial units
Ratio, proport Conversions Convert between metric 8th

and imperial measures
Direct and Set up equations to show

Ratio, proport indirect 6th
proportion direct proportion
Direct and Use expressions of the

proportion form y α x
Direct and Identify direct proportion
Ratio, proport indirect from a graph 6th
proportion
Recognise graphs showing

Direct and constant rates of change,
Ratio, proport indirect average rates of change 6th
proportion and variable rates of
change
Direct and Use algebraic methods to

solve problems involving
Ratio, proport indirect variables in direct 7th
proportion proportion
Direct and
Ratio, proport indirect Use expressions of the 7th
form y α 1/x
proportion
Direct and Interpret the gradient of a

Ratio, proport indirect straight line graph as a 7th
proportion rate of change
Direct and Use expressions of the

proportion form y α x²

Direct and inverse proportion using
Ratio, proport indirect graphs by plotting and 10th
proportion reading values from
graphs
Direct and inverse proportionality,
Ratio, proport indirect including problems where 10th
proportion y is inversely proportional
to the square of x
Calculate an unknown
Direct and quantity from quantities
that vary in direct or
proportion inverse proportion
Set up and use equations

Direct and to solve word and other
Ratio, proport indirect problems involving direct 10th
proportion
or inverse proportion
Ratio, proport Fraction Use fraction notation to 3rd

notation describe parts of shapes
Fraction Express one number as a

Ratio, proport notation fraction of another 4th
Fraction Express the division of a

Ratio, proport notation quantity into a number of 4th
parts as a ratio
Use fraction notation to

Ratio, proport Fraction express a smaller whole 5th
notation number as a fraction of a
larger one
Fraction Use a ratio to find one

Ratio, proport notation quantity when the other 5th
is known
Use graphs to calculate
measures including unit
Ratio, proport Graphs price, average speed, 8th
distance, time,
acceleration
Recognise sketch and

interpret graphs of
Ratio, proport Graphs exponential functions y = 11th
kx for positive values of k
and integer values of x
Growth and Use calculators to explore

Ratio, proport decay exponential growth and 7th
decay
Growth and
Ratio, proport decay Use compound interest 7th
Represent repeated
Growth and proportional change using
Ratio, proport decay a multiplier raised to a 7th
power
Use percentages in real-

Ratio, proport Growth and life situations: compound 8th
decay interest, depreciation,
percentage profit and loss
Growth and Calculate repeated
Ratio, proport decay proportional change 8th
Use proportional
Ratio, proport Identifying reasoning to solve a 5th
problem
Understand direct
Ratio, proport Identifying proportion as equality of 7th
ratios
Identify direct proportion

Ratio, proport Identifying from a table of values by 9th
comparing ratios of
values
Use measures in ratio and

Multiplicative proportion problems
Ratio, proport reasoning ( currency conversion, 7th
Use measures in ratio and

Ratio, proport Multiplicative
reasoning
proportion problems
( currency conversion, 7th
Multiplicative relationship between two
Ratio, proport relationships quantities as a ratio or a 7th
fraction
Convert a percentage to a
Ratio, proport Percentages number of hundredths or 1st
tenths.
Recognise the
Ratio, proport Percentages equivalence of 3rd
percentages, fractions
and decimals
Define percentages as
Ratio, proport Percentages number of parts per 3rd
hundred
Use percentages to
Ratio, proport Percentages compare simple 4th
proportions
Recall equivalent
percentages including for
fractions that are greater
Ratio, proport Percentages than 1. Match across all 3 4th
types, and need to be
simple fractions (1/2, 1/4,
1/5, 1/10)
Express one given

Ratio, proport Percentages number as a percentage 4th
of another
Find a percentage of a
Ratio, proport Percentages quantity using a multiplier 4th
Interpet percentages and

Ratio, proport Percentages percentage change as a 4th
fraction or a decimal
Use strategies for finding
equivalent fractions,
decimals and percentages
Ratio, proport Percentages involving decimal 5th
percentages and decimals
greater than 0
Ratio, proport Percentages Find the outcome of a 5th

given percentage increase
Find the outcome of a

Ratio, proport Percentages given percentage 5th
decrease
Use a multiplier to
Ratio, proport Percentages increase or decrease by a 5th
percentage
Use percentages greater
Ratio, proport Percentages than 100% 5th
Ratio, proport Percentages Express one quantity as a 5th

percentage of another
Use a unitary method,

e.g. if £40 is 60%, find 1%
by dividing by 60 and
Ratio, proport Percentages then 100% by multiplying 6th
by 100. Give them the
scaffolding to answer the
question
Compare two quantities

Ratio, proport Percentages using percentages, 6th
including a range of
calculations and contexts
Use percentages in real-
life situations: VAT, value
Ratio, proport Percentages of profit or loss, simple 6th
interest, income tax
calculations
Use the unitary method

for an inverse operation,
Ratio, proport Percentages e.g. If I know an item was 7th
80% of the original cost in
a sale, find the original
price
Find the original amount

Ratio, proport Percentages given the final amount 8th
after a percentage change
( reverse percentages)
Use calculators for

Ratio, proport Percentages reverse percentage 8th
calculations by doing an
appropriate division
Ratio, proport Scale diagrams Read and construct scale 2nd
drawings
Draw lines and shapes to

Ratio, proport Scale diagrams scale 3rd
Use and interpret maps

Ratio, proport Scale diagrams and scale drawings, using 3rd
a variety of scales and
units
Estimate length using a

Ratio, proport Scale diagrams 3rd
scale diagram
Use and interpret maps,

Ratio, proport Scale diagrams using proper map scales 6th
(1 : 25 000)
Use and interpret scale

drawings, where scales
use mixed units, and
Ratio, proport Scale diagrams drawings aren't done on 7th
squared paper, but have
measurements marked
on them.
Know that enlargements

Ratio, proport Similarity of 2D shapes produce 7th
similar shapes
Understand that the ratio

Ratio, proport Similarity of any two sides is 8th
constant in similar right-
angled triangles
Understand the
implications of
Ratio, proport Similarity 8th
enlargement for
perimeter
Identify the scale factor of
an enlargement as the
Ratio, proport Similarity ratio of the lengths of any 8th
two corresponding line
segments
Enlarge 2-D shapes and

Ratio, proport Similarity recognise the similarity of 8th
resulting shapes
Calculate the new area of

Ratio, proport Similarity a shape after 10th
enlargement
Find points that divide a

line in a given ratio, using
Ratio, proport Similarity the properties of similar 11th
triangles
Calculate the new volume

Ratio, proport Similarity of a shape after 12th
enlargement
Ratio, proport Simplifying ratio Use ratio notation 4th
Ratio, proport Simplifying ratio Reduce a ratio to its 4th

simplest form
Simplify a ratio expressed

Ratio, proport Simplifying ratio in different units 5th
Reduce ratios in the
Ratio, proport Simplifying ratio simplest form, including 5th
three-part ratios

Ratio, proport Simplifying ratio 6th
in fractions or decimals
Ratio, proport Simplifying ratio Write ratios in the form 1: 6th

m or m: 1
Prerequisite #1 of 2 Prerequisite #2 of 2
Understand place value in

4-digit numbers by
Round 3-digit numbers up
or down to the nearest 100 creating 4-digit numbers,
and 10 placing them on a number
line and solving place value
additions and subtractions
Round 1-place decimals to Round 2-digit numbers up

the nearest integer, by
placing on a number line or down to the nearest 10
Round 3-digit numbers up

Round numbers to decimal or down to the nearest 100
places
and 10
Understand and use Round decimals to the

interval notation nearest whole number
Know that a measurement

may be in error by up to Understand and use
half a unit in either interval notation
direction
Round numbers to Round numbers to decimal
significant figures places
Recognise that
the nearest whole unit Understand the use of the
may be inaccurate by up to < and > symbols
one half in either direction.
Use error intervals.
Identify the upper and Know that a measurement

may be in error by up to
lower bounds of a
measurement half a unit in either
direction
Know that a measurement

Calculate the upper and may be in error by up to
lower bounds of 2-D
half a unit in either
measurements e.g. area direction
Count in 10s up to 1000 Recognise multiples of 10
Add 1-digit to 2-digit

Add three or more
numbers to reach the next multiples of 10
multiple of 10
Multiply multiples of 10 by Recall multiplication facts
1-digit numbers for the 10x table
Know that doubling is

Be able to add integers twice the number
Split a set of objects into

Use doubling two equal sets
Know by heart
multiplication facts up to 5 Count in 6s, 7s, 8s, 9s, 10s
×5
Use column subtraction to Use column subtraction to

subtract 5-digit from 5- subtract 5-digit from 5-
digit numbers, where there digit numbers, where there
are not more than three 0s are not more than two 0s
in the larger number in the larger number
Use of a number line for Know multiplication facts

positive and negative to 12 x 12
numbers
Use doubling Use halving

multiplying or dividing a
given number by 10, 100
or 1000; answers < 100 Divide 2-digit numbers by
10 to get 1-place decimal
000 and with not more answers; Divide 3-digit
than 2 decimal places; multiples of 10 by 100 to
Divide large multiples of 10 get 1-place decimal answer
and 100 by 10 and 100 to
give whole number
answers
Use decimal notation for Add, subtract multiply and

divide integers - positive
tenths and hundredths and negative
Multiply 3-digit by 1-digit Multiply and divide

numbers using the grid multiples of 10, 100 and
method 1000 by 1-digit numbers
Add, subtract multiply and

divide integers and Know multiplication facts
fractions- positive and to 12 x 12
negative
Multiply and divide

numbers by 10 and 100 to Divide 3-digit multiples of
10 by 100 to get 1-place
give 1- or 2-place decimal
answers decimal answers
Understand the meaning
as it applies to whole of 0 on the number line
Apply the principles of the

Apply the principles of commutative and
associativity with numbers distributive laws with
numbers
Understand multiplication Understand division as the

as it applies to whole inverse of multiplication
Divide 2- and 3-digit by 1-

digit numbers using a
written method drawn Divide numbers just
from mental strategies beyond the tables, with
with integer remainders integer remainders
and answers between 10
and 20
Use place value to add and Use place value to add and
subtract 0.1 and 0.01 to subtract small numbers to
and from decimal numbers and from 1-place decimals
Use the grid method to

multiply 2-digit by 2-digit
numbers and solve Multiply 3-digit by 1-digit
numbers using the grid
problems in which n method
objects are connected to m
objects (distributive law)
Understand and apply the Apply four operations in
order in simple correct order to integers
calculations (no brackets) and proper fractions
and division as inverses of Understand division as the
each other and use this to inverse of multiplication
find relationships
Understand multiplication Understand addition and

and division as inverses of subtraction as inverses of
each other each other
use of 4 operations in Understand and use the

equations symbols < and >
Begin to use long

Use short multiplication to
multiplication to multiply multiply 3-digit numbers
2-digit and 3-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers
by teens numbers
Use short division to divide

Extend written methods to 3-digit by 1-digit numbers
HTU ÷ U with no remainders
Multiply 2-digit by 1-digit Understand and use place

numbers using the grid value
method
Multiply 2-digit by 1-digit
Extend written methods to numbers using the grid
U.t × U method
Understand unit and non- Place fractions with

unit fractions with denominators ≤; 8 on a
denominators ≤ 12 number line
Add and subtract positive Use a negative number line

and negative integers in for counting on and
context counting back
Continue patterns in
positive and negative Know that division is the
number multiplication inverse of multiplication
tables
Add and subtract positive Use a negative number line

and negative integers in for counting on and
context counting back
Recognise that division by

Continue negative number a negative number is the
multiplication tables inverse of multiplication by
a negative number
Use standard column Use standard column
subtract decimals with up procedures to add and
to two places subtract whole numbers
Use standard column

procedures to add and Use standard column
subtract decimals with up subtract whole numbers
to two places
Be able to add and

Add and subtract integers -
subtract integers and positive and negative
decimal with varying numbers
numbers of decimal places
Know and use the order of Understand and apply the

operations order in simple
calculations (no brackets)
find relationships
Develop an understanding
Use equivalence to reduce of equivalence in fractions;
fractions to their simplest
form 1/2s, 1/3s, 1/4s, 1/5s, 1/6s,
1/8s, 1/10s
Use the order of

operations with brackets, Square small positive
including in more complex integers
calculations
Use the order of

operations with brackets, Add, subtract multiply and
including in more complex divide integers - positive
and negative
calculations

correct order to integers Know that the contents of
and proper fractions brackets are evaluated first
Use knowledge of
Extend written methods to multiplication and division
HTU ÷ U facts
Add and subtract fractions Use equivalent fractions to

with the same reduce any given fraction
denominator to its simplest form
Convert mixed numbers to Use equivalent fractions to
improper fractions and reduce any given fraction
vice versa to its simplest form
Understand that
multiplying by 0.1 or 0.01
are equivalent to Multiply and divide
multiplying by 1/10th or negative integers by a
1/100th or dividing by 10 positive number
or 100
Understand that dividing

by 0.1 or 0.01 are Be able to multiply any
equivalent to dividing by number by 0.1 and 0.01
1/10th or 1/100th or
multiplying by 10 or 100
Multiply integers and Be able to multiply any

decimals by 10, 100, 1000 number by 0.1 and 0.01

Divide integers and
decimals by 10, 100, 1000 multiplying by any integer
power of 10
Add and subtract positive

Understand that 1 + -1 = 0 integers from negative
integers
Use doubling and halving
to multiply and divide by 4 Partition numbers so that
and 8 they are easier to halve
Partition to multiply Multiply multiples of 10 by

mentally TU × U 1-digit numbers
Double and halve decimal Understand place value of

numbers to three decimal
numbers places
Recall known facts Recognise the equivalence

including fraction to of simple fractions and
decimal conversions decimals
Add and subtract simple Simplify fractions by

fractions with cancelling all common
denominators of any size factors
into the calculation, with Add and subtract simple
denominators less than or fractions with
equal to 12 and using the denominators of any size
Know that 2/3 of 12, 2/3 ×

12 and 12 × 2/3 are all Multiply and divide
integers
equivalent
Use the order of

operations with brackets, Know that the contents of
including in more complex brackets are evaluated first
calculations
Use the order of

operations with brackets, Round numbers to an
including in more complex appropriate degree
calculations
Understand place value in Understand place value in

6-digit numbers by 5-digit numbers by
creating 6-digit numbers, creating 5-digit numbers,
placing them on a number placing them on a number
line... line...
Understand place value in

Read and write whole 6-digit numbers by
numbers in figures and creating 6-digit numbers,
words placing them on a number
line...
Understand and use place Multiply and divide by 10,
value 100, 1000
Divide £.p by a two-digit Divide decimals with one

number to give £.p or two places by single-
digit whole numbers
Be able to add and

Know the place value of
decimal with up to two numbers to three decimal
decimal places, but with places
varying numbers of
decimal places
Make links between

different calculations and
understand the effects of
Be able to multiply and multiplying or dividing a
divide integers calculation by 10, 100 or
1000 e.g. 230 ÷ 0.2 is the
same as 2300 ÷ 2
Know that 24 ÷ 1/4 can be

Understand a fraction as
interpreted as 'How many part of a whole
quarters are there in '24'?
Understand index notation Calculate powers of
for small integer powers numbers
Use the order of Be able to work with

operations with brackets, calculations where the
including in more complex brackets are squared or
calculations square rooted
Know that the inverse of

add is subtract and vice Know the commutative in
versa operations
Multiply and divide by 10, Know powers of 10, e.g.

100, 1000 100 = 102
Know the effect on Multiplying positive and

inequalities of multiplying negative numbers by a
each side by the same negative integer
negative number
Use the order of

operations with brackets, Understand index notation
including in more complex for small integer powers
calculations
Divide an integer by a Know that 1 ÷ 1/4 can be
fraction interpreted as 'How many
quarters are there in '1'?
Be able to simplify Use the order of

expressions containing operations with brackets,
powers to complete the including in more complex
calculation calculations

simple numbers/fractions Use inverse operations
mentally, e.g. 10 and 1/10,
1/3 and 3 etc.

simple numbers/fractions Know that a number
mentally, e.g. 10 and 1/10, multiplied by its reciprocal
is 1
1/3 and 3 etc.
Use the order of Recognise and use

operations with brackets, relationships between
including in more complex operations, including
calculations inverse operations
List all the possible Find all the combinations

outcomes of a single event of listing three different
e.g. rolling a dice objects e.g. ABC with no
repetition
List all the possible Apply systematic listing
outcomes of a single event
e.g. rolling a dice strategies
Understand distance is
measured in miles, km,
Understand units of speed metres etc and time can be
measured in hours,
minutes, seconds etc
Convert between hours,

Understand units of speed minutes, seconds and km,
metres, cm
Calculate average speed,

Know and use the formula
distance, time - in mph as for calculating density
well as metric measures
Round numbers to decimal Round numbers to

places significant figures
Understanding place value Round decimals to the

for different length nearest whole number
numbers
Put digits in the correct Understanding place value

place in a calculation for different length
numbers
Put digits in the correct Multiply and divide
place in a calculation integers
Multipy and divide Understanding place value

decimals for different length
numbers
Count in 5s and recall Count in 9s and recall

multiplication and division multiplication and division
facts for the x5 table facts for the x9 table
Understand what a
Recognise multiples up to multiple is and identify
5×5
multiples
Recall multiplication and

Apply simple tests of
divisibility (2, 9, 10, 5) division facts for the x3
and x4 tables
Recognise multiples up to Apply simple tests of

10 × 10 divisibility (3, 6, 4, 25)
Identify all the prime Identify factors and

numbers less than 100 multiples, and begin to
using Eratosthenes sieve find common factors
Identify numbers with Recognise and use
exactly 2 factors (primes) multiples and factors
Identify at least 4 factors

of numbers with more Know multiplication facts
than 4 factors to 12 × 12
Understand the difference

Times table knowledge between factor and
multiple
Add, subtract multiply and Understand the difference

divide integers - positive between factor, multiple
and negative and prime numbers

Find factor pairs for any
divide integers - positive whole number
and negative
Identify all the prime Identify factors and

numbers less than 100 multiples, and begin to
using Eratosthenes sieve find common factors
Find common factors Find common multiples

Find all the factor pairs for
any whole number Identify numbers with
(without any support, just exactly 2 factors (primes)
blank boxes)
Find the prime factor Know prime numbers less

decomposition of a than 20
number less than 100
Find the prime factor Use index notation for

decomposition of a small integer powers, e.g.
number less than 100 24 = 3 × 2³
Understand definition of Recognise prime numbers

factors less than 10
Able to determine factors

and multiples of numbers of the word 'common'
by listing
Understand definition of Recognise even and odd

factors numbers
Understand the vocabulary

of prime numbers, factors Understand definition of
(divisors), multiples,
common factors, common factors
multiples.
represent a number as a Find lowest common
product of its primes using multiple by listing
index notation
Find lowest common Write number in index

multiple by listing form

represent a number as a Calculate using numbers
product of its primes using written in index form
index notation
Multiply a fraction by an Divide a fraction by an

integer integer
Find the LCM of two

Write equivalent fractions
numbers
Add and subtract fractions Write a mixed number as

(proper and improper) -
positive and negative an improper fraction
Mulitply and divide simple
fractions ( proper and Write a mixed number as
improper) - positive and an improper fraction
negative
Recognise the equivalence Understand tenths (1/10s)

of simple fractions and as fractions and place
decimals them on a line
Recognise the equivalence Understand tenths (1/10s)

of simple fractions and as fractions and place
decimals them on a line
Understand fractions as Use long division to divide

operators and relate this integers
to division
Convert terminating Simplify fractions by

decimals to fractions, e.g. cancelling all common
0.23 = 23/100 factors
Add, subtract multiply and Convert a terminating

divide integers - positive decimal to a fraction and
and negative simplify the fraction
Convert terminating Use division to convert a
decimals to fractions, e.g. fraction to a decimal
0.23 = 23/100
Learn fractional
equivalents to key
Use division to convert a recurring decimals e.g.
fraction to a decimal 0.333333..., 0.66666666...,
0.11111... and by
extension 0.222222...
Recognise the equivalence

Double and halve decimals
of simple fractions and and fractions
decimals
Learn fractional
equivalents to key Manipulate algebraic
recurring decimals e.g. equations by multiplying
0.333333..., 0.66666666..., one of the equations by
0.11111... and by 10, 100
Convert a recurring Manipulate algebraic

decimal to a fraction in equations by multiplying
simple cases one of the equations by
10, 100
Know fraction and decimal Find any fraction of an

equivalents of 1%, 10%, amount and relate to
25% and 50% division and multiplication
Relate percentages to Recognise the % symbol;
fractions and find 10%, understand what
20% and other easy
percentages of whole percentage means
numbers or amounts of (fraction with a
denominator of 100)
money (whole pounds)
Relate percentages to
fractions and find 10%,
Find simple percentages of 20% and other easy
whole-number quantities percentages of whole
numbers or amounts of
Recognise the % symbol;

Extend mental methods of understand what
calculation to include percentage means
percentages (fraction with a
denominator of 100)
Find any fraction of an Convert between decimals

amount and relate to and percentages
division and multiplication
Calculate simple fractions

of quantities and
measurements (whole- Relate fractions to division
number answers)
Add, subtract multiply and Use simple fraction and

and negative decimal equivalents
Securely memorise all

multiplication and division Make arrays of dots that
facts show square numbers
Securely memorise all

Know square numbers, 10 multiplication and division
× 10, 1 × 1 to 5 × 5
facts
Make arrays of dots that Generate and describe
show triangle numbers simple integer sequences
numbers of triangle numbers
Know square numbers 6 × Know square numbers, 10

6 to 9 × 9 × 10, 1 × 1 to 5 × 5
Identify square numbers

up to 100, understand Identify factors and
concept of a square root, multiples, and begin to
relate square roots to find common factors
square numbers
Use index notation for Understand index notation

small integer powers, e.g. for small integer powers
24 = 3 × 2³
Find roots of square

Find corresponding roots numbers upto 100 (i.e.
roots upto 10)
Identify square numbers

up to 100, understand Find roots of square
concept of a square root, numbers upto 100 (i.e.
relate square roots to roots upto 10)
square numbers

squares and cubes and for
positive integer powers of Write numbers in index
10 (e.g. write 27 as 3³ and form
1000 as 10³)
Know the square and

Know that square root is square root key on the
the inverse of squaring calculator
Know square numbers up

to 10 × 10 and Know that square root is
corresponding roots the inverse of squaring
Know cubes of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
and 10, and corresponding Know that cube root is the
roots inverse of cubing
Know square numbers Find corresponding roots
Add, subtract multiply and Use index notation for

divide integers - positive small integer powers
and negative

divide integers - positive Recall cubes of 1, 2 and 3
and negative
Know the prime

Find corresponding roots factorisation of numbers
up to 30. They must give
their answers as powers

Know cubes of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 root of 216 is cube root of
and 10 8 × 27 which is 6. 216 = 8 ×
27 should be given to them
Know the effect of

Know square numbers 1 × multiplying and dividing by
1 to 4 × 4 10, 100, 1000
Know and use the order of

Know square numbers up operations including
to 10 × 10
brackets and powers
Know cubes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
and 10 operations including
brackets and powers
Know square numbers up Know and use the order of

to 10 × 10 and operations including
corresponding roots brackets and powers
Know cubes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Know and use the order of

and 10 and corresponding operations including
roots brackets and powers
Calculate mentally squares,

Know corresponding roots square roots, cubes and
cube roots
Use index notation for Write numbers in index

small integer powers form without powers


Know corresponding roots operations including
brackets and powers
calculator functions, Use index notation for
including +, -, x, , x², √x, small integer powers

Use index notation for division established for
small integer powers positive power answers, to
show that any number to
the power of zero is 1

Know that some numbers Understand the vocabulary

do not have rational of surd
square roots
Be able to estimate square Be able to estimate cube

roots of non square roots of non cube numbers
numbers less than 100 less than 100

Use index notation for division established for
small integer powers positive power answers, to
show that any number to
the power of zero is 1
Extend the patterns by Recall that n0 = 1 and n-1 =

using the index law for 1/n for positive integers n
division established for
positive power answers, to as well as n1/2 = √n and n1/3
show that any number to = ³ √n for any positive
the power of zero is 1 number n
Find the value of
calculations using indices Find square roots and cube
including fractional and roots of numbers
negative indices
Compare and order unit

fractions and related Compare unit fractions
fractions, using fraction using the denominator
walls and strips
Use of a number line for

positive and negative Order positive numbers
numbers
Read, write and order 3-

Order decimals place decimals using a
number line
Read, write and order 3-

Order decimals place decimals using a
number line
Be able to order decimals

(with the smallest on the Use the > and < symbols
left and/or the largest on correctly with whole
the left). Decimals should numbers
be to 4 or 5 significant
figures
Match 2-place decimals to

Use decimal notation for 1/100s, using a place value
tenths and hundredths grid
Understanding place value Know what each digit
represents in numbers
for different length with up to two decimal
numbers places
Relate 1-place decimals to

Understand 2-place 2-place decimals in the
decimals in the context of context of length (m and
money and length cm)
Match 1-, 2- and 3-place

decimals to 1/10s, 1/100s Match 2-place decimals to
and 1/1000s, using a place 1/100s, using a place value
value grid grid
Order positive and Be able to order positive

negative integers in decimals with the smallest
context, show positions on on the left. Decimals
should be to 4 or 5
number lines significant figures
Be able to order negative Order positive and

decimals with the smallest negative integers in
on the left. Decimals context, show positions on
should be to 2 or 3
significant figures number lines
Be able to order negative Use the > and < symbols

correctly with whole
decimals... numbers
whole numbers, decimals
Show all in common
format and fractions with the
same denominator as a
list.
Understand equivalence Relate percentages to

between fractions and fractions
percentages
Use division to convert a Identify equivalent

fraction to a decimal fractions. No diagram
Understand and use Multiply and divide whole

decimal notation and place numbers and decimals by
value powers of 10
Find whole number scale

factors Use ratio notation
relationship between two Recognise directly
quantities as a ratio or a proportional relationships
fraction
Round to the nearest 10, Add and subtract multiples

100, 1000 of 10, 100 and 1000
Round to an appropriate Approximate before
degree carrying out an addition or
subtraction
Make estimates and Use a range of ways to find

approximations of
calculations an approximate answer
Round decimals to the Understand the meaning

nearest whole number, 1 of the key vocabulary -
or 2 decimal places estimate
Count in 9s and recall Round to the nearest 10,

multiplication and division 100, 1000
facts for the 9x table
Round numbers to 1 Understand the meaning

significant figure of the key vocabulary -
estimate

Check a result by rounded to 1 significant
considering if it is of the figure to make
right order of magnitude standardized estimates for
calculations with one step
Check a result by Round numbers to 1
considering if it is of the
right order of magnitude significant figure
Understand place value

Check a result by with whole numbers and
considering if it is of the decimals to 3 decimal
right order of magnitude places
Check a result by
considering if it is of the Round numbers to 1
right order of magnitude significant figure
Understand powers of 10, Multiply whole numbers

e.g. 103 = 1000 and decimals by powers of
10
Interpret a calculator
display using standard Identify the standard form
button on the calculator
form
Understand that each of Know how to multiply a

the headings in the place whole number, decimal by
value system, to the left of 10, 100, 1000 and other
the units column, can be
written as a power of ten powers of 10
Understand that each of Know how to divide a

the headings in the place whole number, decimal by
value system, to the right 10, 100, 1000 and other
of the tens column, can be powers of 10
written as a power of ten

the headings in the place Write numbers in standard
value system, to the right form as ordinary numbers
of the tens column, can be
Write large and small Write numbers in standard
numbers in standard form form as ordinary numbers
Write numbers in standard Write large and small

form as ordinary numbers numbers in standard form
Write numbers in standard Write large and small

form as ordinary numbers numbers in standard form
Able to determine factors Understand the meaning

and multiples of numbers of the key vocabulary -
by listing surd
Recall that n0 = 1 and n-1 =

1/n for positive integers n Simplify surd expressions
as well as n1/2 = √n and n1/3 involving squares ( e.g.
= ³ √n for any positive √12 = √ (4 × 3) = 2 √3)
number n
Simplify surd expressions Expand double brackets

involving squares ( e.g.
√12 = √ (4 × 3) = 2 √3) (ax ± b)(cx ± d)
Use fractions, surds and pi Write (3 - √3)² in the form

in exact calculations, a + b √3
Solve simple linear

equations with integer
coefficients, of the form ax Solve equations involving
= b or x +/- b = c, e.g. 2x = symbols e.g. 3 + ¿ = 7
18, x + 7 = 12 or x -3 = 15
Write as number Understnd the meaning of
sentences e.g. '3 less than the word variable
7', '2 more than 3'
from worded descriptions,
using addition and Write as a multiplication
subtraction (a+3, 50-c) E.g. e.g. 3 + 3 + 3
add 7 to a number (answer
n+7)
Solve simple linear

coefficients, of the form ax Solve equations involving
symbols e.g. 3 + ¿ = 7
= b or x +/- b = c, e.g. 2x =
18, x + 7 = 12 or x -3 = 15
Construct expressions Construct expressions

from worded descriptions, from worded descriptions,
using addition, subtraction using addition and
and multiplication e.g. 3a, subtraction (a+3, 50-c) E.g.
a + b, 2 + a + b + 3 = 5 + a + add 7 to a number (answer
b, a × b, a × a n+7)
Simplify more complex Identify variables and use

linear algebraic letter symbols, e.g. 'the
expressions by collecting
like terms, e.g. x + 7 + 3x, cost of hiring a van...', c =
cost, v = van
2b −3a + 6b
Solve simple linear Solve simple two-step
equations with integer linear equations with
coefficients, of the form ax integer coefficients, of the
= b or x +/- b = c, e.g. 2x = form ax ± b = c, e.g. 3x + 7
18, x + 7 = 12 or x -3 = 15 = 25
Construct expressions Construct expressions

from worded descriptions, using addition, subtraction
using all 4 basic operations
and multiplication e.g. 3a,
e.g. 30/x, x - y, m/2, 3m + a + b, 2 + a + b + 3 = 5 + a +
4, a+ a + 3, a² b, a × b, a × a
Construct and solve

equations of the form a(x
+/- b) = c(x +/- d) {a or c
Find the lowest common can be 1}; construct and
multiple solve equations of the
form a(bx +/- c) = d(ex +/-
f) {One of a or d should be
1}
Solve linear equations with

integer coefficients in
Expand brackets e.g. 2(x + which the unknown
5), 4(2x - 3) appears on either side or
on both sides of the
equation.

improvement to find the Substitute positive
approximate solution to numbers into expressions
one decimal place of involving powers
equations such as x³ = 29
Use systematic trial and Use systematic trial and

approximate solution to improvement to find the
equations such as x³ + x = one decimal place of
50 equations such as x³ = 29
Substitute positive integers
into more complex
formulae (involving
Use the function keys for brackets and more than
one operation) expressed
powers in letter symbols (e.g. D =
n(n − 3)/2 where D is the
polygon of n sides)
Construct and solve

Construct and solve equations of the form a(x
equations of the form a(bx +/- b) = c(x +/- d) {a or c
+/- c) = d(ex +/- f) where can be 1}; construct and
negative signs are solve equations of the
anywhere in the equation
{a and d are bigger than 1}, form a(bx +/- c) = d(ex +/-
f) {One of a or d should be
e.g. 3(-2x - 1) = -4x + 1 1}
Use index notation for using addition and
small integer powers subtraction (a+3, 50-c) E.g.
add 7 to a number (answer
n+7)
Factorise quadratic Know that a number

expressions where the
cooefficient of x² = 1 multiplied by zero is zero

which involve brackets,
including those that have Identify lowest common
negative signs and those multiple
with a negative solution
Solve quadratic equations Expand double brackets

algebraically by factorising (ax ± b)(cx ± d)
into more complex
formulae (involving
brackets and more than Use the function keys for
one operation) expressed square and square root on
in letter symbols (e.g. D = a calculator correctly
polygon of n sides)
Solve quadratic equations Solve linear equations in

one unknown with
algebraically by factorising fractional coefficients
Multiply algebraic Write as a multiplication

expressions e.g. 2 x 3a e.g. a + a + a
Simplify expressions using

index notation e.g. a × a × Cancel common factors
a
involving repeated Extend written methods to
multiplication can be TU x TU (grid method)
Simplify simple expressions Multiply out brackets

involving index notation, involving positive terms
such as (a + b)(c + d) and
i.e. x + 2x², p × p², r4÷r² collect like terms

involving positive terms Expand double brackets
such as (a + b)(c + d) and (ax ± b)(cx ± d)
collect like terms
Understand and apply the Understand and use the

order in simple relationship between the
calculations (no brackets) four operations
Add, subtract, multiply and Identify variables and use
divide integers letter symbols
Substitute positive integers Understand and apply the

into simple formulae order in simple
expressed in words calculations (no brackets)
Substitute positive integers Substitute positive integers

into simple formulae into simple formulae
expressed in letter expressed in letter
symbols, e.g. V = lbh symbols, e.g. a+/- b, a × b
Identify the different

Find missing numbers in
numbers that could satisfy equations, e.g. q + 2 = 10
an equation, e.g. a + b = 10
Know the meaning of the Know that 2a means 2xa

equals sign in mathematics and ab means a x b
Identify formulae and Understand the meaning

functions of the word variable.
Identify formulae, Understand the meaning

functions and equations of the word variable.
Simplify more complex
Simplify simple expressions linear algebraic
by collecting like terms like terms, e.g. x + 7 + 3x,
2b − 3a + 6b
Multiply together two simplify algebraic

simple algebraic expressions by collecting
expressions, e.g. 2a × 3b like terms
Know that the contents of Substitute integers into

brackets are evaluated first more complex formulae
when using algebra, e.g. expressed in letter
a(2a + b) the 2a + b must symbols, e.g. a/b, ax +/- b
be calculated first
Add, subtract, multiply and Know that 2a means 2xa

divide integers and ab means a x b
Create basic expressions Know that 2a means 2xa
from worded examples e.g
6 more than x and ab means a x b

Identify expressions and of the equals sign in
equations
mathematics
Identify formulae and Identify the unknowns in a

functions formula and a function

of the equals sign in Understand the meaning
mathematics of the word variable.
Know square numbers up Understand that a number

to 10 x 10 squared is multiplied by
itself
Substitute a positive value Know and use the order of

into the expression x² operations

Select an expression/ between an expression
equation/ formula from a and an equation and the
list meaning of the key
vocabulary 'term'

into expressions involving Substitute a positive value
into the expression x²
small powers (up to 3)
Know and understand the Identify variables and use
meaning of the = sign letter symbols
Add and subtract several Identitify like terms

1-digit numbers

commutative and Know and use the order of
distributive laws with operations
numbers
Recognise and use highest Recognise common factors

common factor
Use the distributive law to
take out numerical Recognise and use highest
common factors, e.g. 6a + common factor
8b = 2(3a + 4b)
Manipulate expressions by
taking out common Use the distributive law to
factors, not necessarily the take out numerical
highest e.g. 4x + 8 = 2(2x + common factors, e.g. 6a +
8b = 2(3a + 4b)
4)
Factorise to one bracket by

taking out the highest Expand double brackets
common factors for all (ax ± b)(cx ± d)
terms
factorise quadratic
expressions of the form ax² Simplify simple expressions
involving index notation,
+ bx + c, including the
difference of two squares i.e. x + 2x², p × p², r4;÷r²
Solve simple one-step

linear equations with Understand the meaning
integer coefficients, of the of the = sign in
form x ± b = c, e.g. x + 7 = mathematics
25
Solve linear equations of Change the subject of a

the form a = b + x, a = bx, a formula in one step e.g. y =
= bx + c x+4

Change the subject of a linear equations with
formula in one step e.g. y = integer coefficients, of the
x+4 form ax ± b = c, e.g. 2x + 7
= 25
Solve linear equations of

Change the subject of a the form a = b + x, a = bx, a
formula in one step = bx + c
In simple cases, change the
Change the subject of a subject of the formula, e.g.
formula in one step make c the subject of the
formula from y = mx + c
Understand square and

square root as inverses of In simple cases, change the
each other and use this to subject of the formula.
find relationships
Solve linear equations of In simple cases, change the

the form 1/a x + b = c subject of the formula.
Describe simple functions Find outputs of simple

in words (e.g. add 3, functions expressed in
multiply by 6, subtract 4) words
Describe simple functions Find outputs of simple

in words (e.g. add 3, functions expressed in
multiply by 6, subtract 4) words
and division as inverses of
Use inverse operations each other and use this to
find relationships
Plot coordinates in the first Find outputs of simple

functions in words and
quadrant symbols
Use inverse operations each other and use this to
find relationships
Understand and use the Find the inputs of simple

relationship between the functions expressed in
four operations words by using the output
Represent mappings
expressed algebraically Construct expressions
from worded descriptions
using positive integers.
Substitute positive and Generate first quadrant co-

negative integers into ordinates that satisfy a
simple expressions simple linear rule
Write expressions using Substitute values into

function machines expressions and formulae
find relationships
simplify algebraic
Use function notation expressions by collecting
like terms
simplify algebraic
Use function notation expressions by collecting
like terms
Understand and use

Plot a coordinate in the vocabulary associated with
first quadrant position, direction and
movement
Read values from straight-

Read x and y coordinate in line graphs for real-life
the first quadrant
situations
Read x and y coordinate in Understand and use scales

the first quadrant on the x and y axes

line graphs for real-life Draw, label and scale axes
situations
Understand and use Order positive and

vocabulary associated with negative integers in
position, direction and context, show positions on
movement number lines
Understand and use Order positive and

vocabulary associated with negative integers in
position, direction and context, show positions on
movement number lines
Draw, straight-line graphs

Draw, label and scale axes for real-life situations
Locate negative numbers
Read x and y coordinate in on a number line and
the first quadrant relate to temperature
Read x or y coordinate in Locate negative numbers

on a number line and
all four quadrants relate to temperature
Read x or y coordinate in Generate coordinate pairs

given a simple rule, eg x =
all four quadrants 2, y = 4

Plot a simple distance-time line graphs for real-life
graph (straight-line graphs)
situations
Read values from straight- Understand and use scales

line graphs for real-life on the x and y axes
situations
Know the names and

Read x and y coordinate in properties of simple
all four quadrants shapes e.g. square,
rectangle, equilateral
triangle, isosceles triangle
Generate first quadrant co- Plot a coordinate in the

ordinates that satisfy a first quadrant
simple linear rule
Plot and draw graphs of y = Substitute numbers into a
a, x = a, y = x and y = -x simple linear function
Generate coordinate pairs

Plot and draw graphs of y = given a simple rule, eg x =
a, x = a, y = x and y = -x 2, y = 4
Plot the graphs of simple Generate four quadrant

linear functions in the form coordinate pairs of simple
y = mx + c in four
quadrants linear functions
Know that the gradient is a Identify lines with positive

measure of the steepness and negative gradients
of a line
Interpret information from

Read values from straight- a complex real life graph
line graphs for real-life (fixed charge/unit cost),
situations read values and discuss
trends
Draw and use graphs to Plot and draw graphs of

solve distance-time straight lines using a table
problems. of values
Read x and y coordinate in Know that midpoint is the

all four quadrants point that bisects a line
Generate four quadrant Plot a coordinate in all four
coordinate pairs of simple
linear functions quadrants
Drawing and recognising Plot the graphs of simple

lines parallel to axes, plus y linear functions in the form
y = mx + c in four
= x and y = -x quadrants

where y is given explicitly Plot a graph of a simple
in terms of x, e.g. y = x, y = linear function in the first
2x, y = 3x are all straight quadrant.
lines that pass through the
origin, vary in steepness
depending on the function

Plot the graphs of linear
functions in the form y = where y is given explicitly
mx + c and recognise and in terms of x, e.g. y = x, y =
compare their features 2x, y = 3x are all straight
Use gradients to interpret Know that the gradient of

how one variable changes a line is the change in y
in relation to another over change in x.
Construct a table of values,
Substitute positive integers including negative values
into expressions of the of x for a function such as y
form ax² = ax²

into expressions of the Construct a table of values
form ax² for linear functions
Know that in a quadratic

function the highest power Plot graphs of simple
quadratic functions
of x is 2
Plot the graphs of simple Generate four quadrant

linear functions in the form
y = mx + c in four coordinate pairs of simple
linear functions
quadrants

linear equations with
integer coefficients, of the Rearrange simple formula
form ax ± b = c, e.g. 2x + 7
= 25
Know that gradient is the Know that the gradient of

a line is the change in y
steepness of a line over change in x.
Identify and interpret Know that the gradient of

gradient from an equation a line is the change in y
y=mx+c over change in x.
Know that lines parallel to
Recognise the graph of a the y axis are in the form x
quadratic function. = a, and lines parallel to
the x axis are in the form y
=b
Recognise the graph of the Reflect points in the line y

inverse of simple linear
functions =x
Interpret gradient as rate

of change in distance-time Know that the gradient of
and speed-time graphs, a line is the change in y
containers emptying and over change in x.
filling and unit price graphs

Know that gradient is the
steepness of a line a line is the change in y
over change in x.
Generate points and plot Know that when a graph

graphs of simple quadratic
functions, then more crosses the x axis the y
general functions values are zero

Use and apply Pythagoras' Pythagoras' theorem and
theorem to solve problems how to substitute in values
from a diagram
Recognise that equations
of the form y = mx + c Know that the gradient of
correspond to straight-line a line is the change in y
graphs in the coordinate over change in x.
plane
Drawing and recognising Know that the equation of

lines parallel to axes, plus y a linear graph is given in
= x and y = -x the form y = mx + c
Rearrange simple Know that the equation of

equations a linear graph is given in
the form y = mx + c
Recognise the graph of a Identify the line of

quadratic function. symmetry of a quadratic
graph

Recognise the graph of a graphs of simple quadratic
quadratic function. functions, then more
general functions
Substitute number into Draw tables of values for

expressions such as 1/x reciprocal functions
Find the coordinates of the Substitute values into

midpoint of a line from a
given graph expressions and formulae
Identify and interpret Identify the line of
symmetry of a quadratic
turning points of a graph
quadratic graph

roots, intercepts and Factorise a quadratic
turning points of a equation
quadratic graph
Recognise, sketch and Know that the gradient of

interpret that straight-line a line is the change in y
graphs are of the form y = over change in x.
mx + c

interpret that straight-line Rearrange simple formula
graphs are of the form y =
mx + c
Find the reciprocal of Know that the gradient of

simple numbers/fractions a line is the change in y
mentally over change in x.
Know that a line

a line is the change in y perpendicular to the line y
= mx + c, will have a
over change in x. gradient of -1/m
Know that a line

Know that parallel lines
will have the same perpendicular to the line y
gradient = mx + c, will have a
gradient of -1/m
interpret graphs of the Substitute values into
reciprocal function y = 1/x exponential functions e.g.
with x ≠ 0 ( using tables of y = 2x
values)
Know that the maximum

Use a calculator to find sin and minimum value of sin
Ѳ, cos Ѳ and tan Ѳ Ѳ and cos Ѳ is 1
Use function notation Expand brackets and

simplify expressions
Reflect shapes in the x axis

and y axis Use function notation
Translate shapes parallel Use function notation

to the x and y axis
Identify squares and Know that a circle has a
square roots centre with a fixed radius
Find the horizontal and Know that the gradient of

vertical distance between a line is the change in y
two points over change in x.
Solve simple quadratic Use graphs to interpret

equations by using the gradient and area under
quadratic formula the curve
Know that the gradient of Know that the tangent is a

a line is the change in y line which just touches a
over change in x. curve at a specific point
Find the gradient of the Know the equation of a

tangent perpendicular to straight line is in the form y
the radius of a circle = mx + c
interpret graphs of
Use a calculator to find sin trigonometric functions (in
Ѳ, cos Ѳ and tan Ѳ degrees) for sin, cos and
tan within the range -360°
to +360°
Plot graphs of the

Substitute values into
exponential functions e.g. exponential function y = kx
for integer values of x and
y = 2x simple positive values of k
Know the mathematical

Recognise a graph which
represents a quadratic vocabulary - maximum,
function minimum, line of
symmetry, roots
Identify when values are Know the meaning of the

bigger or smaller than each "=" sign
other
Use the correct notation to Draw a number line with

show inclusive and positive and negative
exclusive inequalities integers
Use the correct notation to Show inequalities on a

show inclusive and
exclusive inequalities number line
Solve simple linear

inequalities in one variable
and represent the solution Be able to use > or <
on a number line e.g. -6 < correctly
2n = 4 or -9 < 2n + 3 = 7
Write down whole number

Use set notation values that satisfy an
inequality
Represent inequalities, e.g.
x > 2, 5 < x <10 on a correctly
number line

linear functions in the form Recognise straight line
y = mx + c in four graphs parallel to x or y
quadrants axis
Represent inequalities, e.g.

Solve a linear equation of x > 2, 5 < x <10 on a
the form ax + b = cx + d number line
Solve inequalities in two

Plot the graph of a simple
quadratic function variables by using linear
graphs
Factorise an algebraic
Multiply a bracket by a
term and collect like terms expression by using
common factors
Expand double brackets Know and use formula for

(ax ± b)(cx ± d) and collect
like terms volume and area of shapes
Use algebra to support Argue mathematically to

proofs show algebraic expressions
are equivalent
Use algebra to support Know that even numbers
proofs can be represented by 2n
and odd numbers by 2n + 1
Find outputs of simple Add, subtract multiply and

functions expressed in divide integers
words
Count on and back in 10s Count on and back to 20

from a number up to 100
Count on and back in Understand and use the

whole number values negative number line
Know that triangular Know that square numbers

numbers can be arranged make square patterns of
in triangular patterns dots
Recognise and extend Continue a practical visual

number sequences formed patterns e.g. matchstick
by counting on. squares
Generate terms of a simple Recognise and extend

sequence arising from number sequences formed
practical contexts by counting on.
Generate terms of a more Know multiplication facts
complex sequence arising to 12 x 12
Generate terms of a more Generate terms of a simple

complex sequence arising sequence arising from
from practical contexts practical contexts
Generate terms of a simple Find outputs of simple

sequence using term to functions expressed in
term rules like +3, -2 words
Recognise and extend

Find the next term in a number sequences formed
sequence by counting on.

simple integer sequences - Generate and describe
square and triangle simple integer sequences -
multiples and odds/evens
numbers
Identify the first term of a Recognise and extend

sequence number sequences formed
by counting on.
Identify the first term of a Identify the constant

sequence difference in a linear
sequence
Find outputs of more Find outputs of simple

complex functions functions expressed in
expressed in words (e.g. words
sequence using position- Write the term-to-term
to-term or term-to-term definition of a sequence in
rules words
Recognise and extend

Find a term of a practical number sequences formed
sequence given its position
by counting on or counting
in the sequence back

simple integer sequences - Find the difference
square and triangle between terms of a
sequence
numbers
Substitute positive integers Describe in words the

into simple expressions position-to-term rule
Begin to use linear

expressions to describe the Substitute positive integers
nth term in a one-step
arithmetic sequence (e.g. into simple expressions
nth term is 3n or n + 5)

sequence using term-to- Use function machines to
term rules find outputs
Recognise odd and even Know that the difference

between consecutive odd
numbers and even numbers is 2
Describe in words the Describe in words the
position-to-term rule term-to-term rule
Find the difference Use function machines to

between terms in an find the rule for a given
arithmetic sequence input and output

simple integer sequences - Generate sequences
derived from simple
square and triangle
numbers diagrams
Write the term-to-term Find a specific term in the

sequence using position-
definition of a sequence in to-term or term-to-term
words rules

simple integer sequences - sequence using position-
square and triangle
to-term rules
numbers
Know the nth term of a Multiply and divide

sequence is the position to
term rule integers
Generate the sequence of

triangle numbers by
considering the simple integer sequences -
arrangement of dots and square and triangle
deduce that T(n) = 1 + 2 + 3 numbers
+ .... + n, the sum of the
series
find outputs including Multiply, divide, add and
functions that involve subtract integers
squaring
Find the next term in a Find a specific term in the

sequence, including sequence using position-
to-term or term-to-term
negative values rules
Know the language of Generate terms of a

sequences such as finite/ sequence from position to
infinite/ ascending/ term rules and other rules
descending e.g. 2n + 6 and terms < 50
Know that an arithmetic

Identify geometric
sequence sequences and the
increases/decreases by a constant multiplier
constant value
Find the nth term of a Find the constant

quadratic sequence of the multiplier in a geometric
form T(n) = an2 +- b sequence
Begin to use formal Continue a quadratic

algebra to describe the nth
term in an arithmetic sequence and use the nth
sequence.
Continue geometric
progression and find term Substitute numbers into
to term rule, including expressions involving
negative, fraction and powers e.g. (1/2)x
decimal terms
Identify the different Understand the meaning
numbers that could satisfy of the word variable.
an equation, e.g. a + b = 10

Use distributive law with commutative and
brackets, with numbers distributive laws with
numbers
Understand and use the Apply the principles of the

relationship between the commutative and
distributive laws with
four operations numbers
simplify algebraic Apply the principles of the

expressions by collecting commutative laws with
like terms numbers
Use index notation for Know that 2a means 2xa
small integer powers and ab means a x b

involving repeated Use notation and symbols
multiplication can be correctly
Multiply a single term over Simplify simple expressions

a bracket e.g. x(x+4), 3x(2x involving index notation,
− 3) i.e. x + 2x², p × p², r4;÷r²

involving positive terms Understand the difference
such as (a + b)(c + d) and between 2n and n²
collect like terms
Simplify surd expressions Use fractions and surds in
involving squares ( e.g. exact calculations, without
√12 = √ (4 × 3) = 2 √3) a calculator
Simplify expressions using

index notation e.g. a × a × Cancel common factors
a
Simplify more complex Solve simple linear

linear algebraic coefficients, of the form ax
expressions by collecting = b or x +/- b = c, e.g. 2x =
like terms 18, x + 7 = 12 or x -3 = 15
Understand the point of

intersection of two linear
Plot graphs of linear
functions functions is the solution of
the simultaneous
equations
Understand the steps Understand that
required to solve a pair of multiplying a linear
simultaneous, when they equations involves
are solved by subtraction multiplying all the terms in
or addition the equation
Construct and solve

equations of the form (ax Simplify linear algebraic
+/- b)/c =(dx +/- e)/f [c or f like terms
can be 1]
Understand the steps

Rearrange simple required to solve a pair of
equations simultaneous, when they
are solved by subtraction
or addition

Plot graphs of linear intersection of two linear
functions arising from real- functions is the solution of
life situations the simultaneous
equations
Simplify more complex Solve simple linear

linear algebraic equations with integer
expressions by collecting coefficients, of the form ax
like terms = b or x +/- b = c, e.g. 2x =
18, x + 7 = 12 or x -3 = 15
intersection of two linear
Plot graphs of linear and functions is the solution of
non linear functions the simultaneous
equations
Understand the steps

required to solve a pair of Simplify more complex
simultaneous, when they linear algebraic
are solved by addition. expressions by collecting
Equations are of the form like terms
ax +y = b, x - y = c
Mark events and/or Add and subtract fractions

probabilities on a and decimals less than 1
Find and justify

Work out e.g. 1 - 0.6, 1 - probabilities based on
1/4, 100% - 20% equally likely outcomes in
simple contexts
Mark events and/or Apply the property that

probabilities on a
probability scale of 0 to 1 exhaustive set of outcomes
sum to 1
Apply the property that Mark events and/or

exhaustive set of outcomes probabilities on a
sum to 1 probability scale of 0 to 1
Write probabilities in When interpreting results
words, fractions, decimals of an experiment use
and percentages vocabulary of probability
Compare fractions by Compare fractions by

writing with the same converting to decimals
denominator
Interpret data from two- Work out probabilities

way tables from two-way tables
Draw and use tree

diagrams to calculate the Multiply and divide
probability of two fractions
independent events
Record outcomes of events Work out probabilities

in a Venn Diagram from Venn diagrams
Complete outcome
sentences such as 'When Use the vocabulary of
you toss a coin you get a probability
Head or a ...'
Identify all possible

mutually exclusive Use the vocabulary of
outcomes of a single event probability

exclusive outcomes for Identify all possible
two successive events with mutually exclusive
two outcomes in each outcomes of a single event
event

to complete a two-way Interpret information from
table a two way table
the probabilities of an Write probabilities in
exhaustive set of outcomes words, fractions, decimals
sum to 1 and percentages
Identify outcomes that

Record information such as may satisfy certain criteria,
multiples of numbers in e.g. odd numbers,
Venn diagrams numbers less than 3 when
rolling a dice
Find and justify

Multiply a fraction by an probabilities based on
integer equally likely outcomes in
simple contexts
Find and justify Interpret information from

probabilities based on frequency tables and use
equally likely outcomes in tables to record
information from
simple contexts experiments

exclusive outcomes for Add and subtract fractions
two successive events with with denominators of any
two outcomes in each size
event
two outcomes in each size [If P(A) or P(B) applies]
event
Answer the question 'Does Use the language of

everyone have the same probability to compare the
chance of winning?' choice of x/a with x/b.
Use the vocabulary of Illustrate the meaning of

probability the terms 'certain', 'even
chance' and 'impossible'
Know the meaning of the

Know where 1/2 is on a words certain and
number line
impossible

Illustrate the meaning of
the terms 'certain', 'even of probability as the
chance' and 'impossible' chance that something will
happen
Write 0, 1/4, 1/2, 3/4, 1 in Use a probability scale

size order with words.
Interpret information from

frequency tables and use
Use the vocabulary of
probability tables to record
information from
experiments

times an event will occur, Write probabilities in
words, fractions, decimals
given the probability and and percentages
Understand the numerator Convert between fractions,
and denominator of a
fraction decimals and percentages
Identify all possible Estimate probabilities

mutually exclusive based on these data
outcomes of a single event

two outcomes in each size [If P(A) or P(B) applies]
event

Draw and use two way know that the sum of
tables
outcomes is 1

Use and draw sample exclusive outcomes for
space diagrams two successive events with
two outcomes in each
event
Interpret data from

Write probabilities in frequency tables and use
words, fractions, decimals tables to record
and percentages information from
experiments
Write probabilities in Interpret information from

words, fractions, decimals a two way table
and percentages
Add and subtract several Extract information from a

2-digit numbers variety of texts
Understand and use
experimental and
theoretical measures of Identify all possible
probability, including mutually exclusive
relative frequency to outcomes of an event
dice, spinners, coins etc.
Work out probabilities Know that the sum of

from two-way tables
outcomes is 1
Add and subtract fractions

Multiply fractions with denominators of any
size [If P(A) or P(B) applies]
Understand selection with

or without replacement Multiply fractions
Understand selection with Multiply fractions

or without replacement
Use tree diagrams to Know that if two events, A

calculate the probability of and B are independent,
two dependent events P(A and B) = P(A) x P(B)
Write probabilities as
List the outcomes of an
event fractions, decimals and
percentages
Draw a probability tree Use tree diagrams to

diagram based on given calculate the probability of
information (no more than
3 branches per event) two dependent events
Draw conclusions based on Construct on paper, and
the shape of line graphs using ICT simple bar graphs
to represent discrete data

Interpret simple diagrams scales to a suitable degree
and charts
of accuracy
Measure angles to the

Interpret simple pie charts nearest degree
Construct bar charts, pie Identify discrete and

charts, pictograms and continuous data
scatter graphs
Interpret scatter graphs Read scales accurately
Read and use scales Interpret and plot scatter

accurately on axes graphs

Extract data and interpret scales to a suitable degree
line graphs of accuracy
Read and enter data in Recognise, read and write
tables numbers to 100
Solve comparison and

difference problems using Read frequencies from
information presented in discrete bar charts
bar charts
Know the height of each

bar represents the Read frequencies from
discrete bar charts
frequency
Use a line graph to Know the height of each

compare changes in bar represents the
temperature over time frequency
Know the height of each

Find 'most common' from bar represents the
a discrete data bar chart frequency
Interpret and present Draw and interpret bar

discrete data using bar
charts, using an charts where 1 division
appropriate scale represents 100 units
Find 'most common' from Read frequencies from

a discrete data bar chart discrete bar charts
Find 'most common' from Read frequencies from
a discrete data bar chart discrete bar charts

using ICT simple bar graphs Draw, label and scale axes

Draw, label and scale axes using ICT simple bar graphs

divide integers - positive Recognise simple fractions
of a whole
and negative
Ask and answer questions Record readings from

about the data scales to a suitable degree
represented in pictograms
and block graphs of accuracy
Extract data and interpret Interpret simple pie charts

graphs and charts
Complete, read and Compare durations of

events to calculate the
interpret information in time taken by particular
timetables
events or tasks
Begin to read and Read and enter data in
construct tally charts tables
Recognise fractions of pie Measure angles to the

charts e.g. 1/2, 1/4, 1/6 nearest degree
For the boundary 2<x≤;3,

Identify boundaries of know that 3 is included in
equal class intervals
the class and 2 is not
Decide on equal class For the boundary 2<x≤3,

intervals to group data know that 3 is included in
the class and 2 is not
Read and enter data in Represent data in a table

tables
Know that the angle in a Measure angles to the

full turn is 360° nearest degree
Measure angles to the

Interpret simple pie charts nearest degree
Interpret data in a simple
table Represent data in a table
Group data, where Collect data from a simple

appropriate in equal class experiment and record in a
intervals simple frequency table

boundary data) frequency Group data, where
table with given equal class appropriate in equal class
intervals for continuous intervals
data.
Group data, where

Understand and use appropriate in equal class
interval notation
intervals

Construct a frequency boundary data) frequency
table with given equal class table with given equal class
intervals for continuous intervals for continuous
data (boundary data given)
data.
Construct on paper, and Produce bar charts

using ICT simple bar graphs
to represent discrete data including dual bar charts
Construct simple line

graphs Draw, label and scale axes
Design and use data Identify possible responses
collection sheets for to a question to check
grouped, discrete and whether it is a viable
continuous data question
Identify possible responses

Know the key vocabulary, to a question to check
biased, leading question whether it is a viable
question
Use information provided Group data, where

to complete a two-way appropriate in equal class
table intervals

Construct a frequency boundary data) frequency
table with given equal class
intervals for continuous table with given equal class
intervals for continuous
data (boundary data given) data.
Order whole numbers and Produce a simple stem and

decimals leaf diagram

Use simple two way tables to complete a two-way
table

Use simple two way tables to complete a two-way
table
Construct on paper, and Group data, where
using ICT simple bar graphs appropriate in equal class
to represent discrete data intervals
For a list of ordered

numbers, identify the Add several numbers to
number halfway along the generate 'running totals'
list
Identify the upper Add several numbers to

boundary of a class interval generate 'running totals'
Identify the upper Construct cumulative

boundary of a class interval frequency tables
For a list of ordered Find the lower and upper

numbers, identify the quartiles of a set of
numbers one quarter and grouped data using a
three quarters of the way cumulative frequency
along the list chart
Identify discrete and Find the length of class

continuous data interval
Manipulate and use the

Find the length of class
formula for the area of a interval
rectangle

using ICT, frequency Use and understand
diagrams for grouped frequency density
discrete data
Use and understand Manipulate the formula for

frequency density area of a rectangle
Use and understand Manipulate the formula for
frequency density area of a rectangle
Subtract mentally pairs of Subtract 1-digit from 2-

two-digit numbers digit numbers
Write a set of numbers in Find range from a set of

order of size ordered data
Find the range of a small Find range from a set of

set of data. ordered data
Locate the halfway point Write a set of numbers in

between two numbers on
a number line order of size
Find most common group Understand the

from a discrete data boundaries of a class
grouped bar chart interval
Understand that the mode

Find the mode and range is a measure of average
for a small set of discrete
data and the range is a measure
of spread
Understand that the mode

is a measure of average Calculate the median of a
and the range is a measure set of data
of spread
Find the modal class for a
small set of grouped
discrete data
Calculate the median and Find the range of a small

mode for discrete data set of data.
Work out the position of Find the range of a small

the (n + 1)/2th data value set of data.
Recognise fractions of pie Know that there are 360°

charts e.g. 1/2, 1/4, 1/6 in a complete turn
Use a
mental/written/calculator
method to divide a Add several small numbers
number by a 1-digit or 2-
digit number
Calculate the median of a Find the range of a small

set of data set of data.

Calculate the mean of a set of the key vocabulary
of data 'frequency' and 'total
frequency'
Calculate the mean of a set Find the range of a small
of data set of data.
Calculate the mean of a set Calculate the median and

of data mode of a set of data
Interpret simple diagrams Extract data and interpret

and charts discrete bar charts
Work out the mid-point of Calculate the median,

the class interval mode and range of a set of
discrete data
Interpret simple pie charts Understand the meaning

using simple fractions and
percentages and multiples of the key vocabulary -
mode
of 10% sections
Understand the mean,

median and mode are Understand the range is a
measure of spread
measures of average
Understand the mean, Compare two distributions
median and mode are given summary statistics in
measures of average simple cases.
Find the range of a small Find range from a set of

set of data. ordered data
Interpret data from simple

compound and Interpret simple diagrams
and charts
appropriate to use range,
Compare two distributions
mean ,median or mode in using the range of data
Recognise when it is Recognise when it is

appropriate to use mean, appropriate to use range,
median or mode in more mean ,median or mode in
complex cases (put in simple cases (nice data,
extreme values) with no extreme values)
Construct frequency
Work out the mid-point of
the class interval diagram for grouped
continuous data
Identify an exception in a List numbers in order of

data set size
Estimate the answer to
simple calculations and Find the mid-point in a
understand the meaning of class interval
the key vocabulary -
estimate
Find the mean of a set of List all the values from a

data discrete frequency table
Find the median from an Find the mode and range

ordered list of data from an ordered list
Calculate the mean from a Find the mid-point in a

simple frequency table class interval
Interpret simple pie charts

From a pie chart find the using simple fractions and
mode; total frequency percentages and multiples
of 10% sections
Find the mean, median Recognise extreme values

and mode of a set of
in a data set
discrete data
Calculate the mean of a set Calculate the median of a
of data set of data

numbers, identify the
Find the median from an numbers one quarter and
ordered list of data three quarters of the way
along the list

numbers, identify the
Find the median from an numbers one quarter and
ordered list of data
three quarters of the way
along the list
Know the appropriate use Understand the meaning

of a cumulative frequency of the median and
diagram quartiles in large data sets
Know that interquartile Find the interquartile

range and range are a rangle from a box plot and
measure of the spread of a cumulative frequency
data diagram
Find the mean, median Understand that the mode

is a measure of average
and mode of a set of and the range is a measure
discrete data of spread
Find the mean, median Find range from a set of

and mode of a set of ordered data
discrete data
data diagram

data diagram
Read values from a Understand the cumulative

cumulative frequency nature of cumulative
graph frequency
Know how to find the Know how to calculate the

frequency of a bar from a mean for grouped
histogram frequency table
Know how to find the

Use and understand
frequency of a bar from a frequency density
histogram
Understand what is meant Understand primary and

by a sample and a secondary data sources
population
Recognise quantitative and Design and use a simple

qualitative data data collection sheet
Identify the possible Design and use a simple
answers to a question data collection sheet
Look at features of a
Understand the meaning populations e.g.
distribution of ages in a
of the key word - bias population, gender of
population
Understand the key Understand that sample

vocabulary - sample size will vary
Identify possible sources of

bias and plan to minimise Collect data from an
experiment and survey
it
Identify possible sources of

bias and plan to minimise Recognise quantitative and
qualitative data
it
of the key word - bias distribution of ages in a
population, gender of
population
Understand primary and Understand what is meant

secondary data sources by a sample and a
population
of the key word - bias distribution of ages in a
population, gender of
population
Identify possible sources of Understand what is meant
bias and plan to minimise by a sample and a
it population
Know the definition of Understand what is meant

random sampling by a sample and a
population
Understand that a sample

Identify possible sources of must as far as possible
bias and plan to minimise
represent the whole
it population
Understand that a sample

must as far as possible Use fractions, percentages
represent the whole and ratio to solve
population problems
Draw a line of best fit by Read points and

eye. coordinates from a graph
Plot coordinates in the first

quadrant Interpret a scatter graph
Use correlation to describe

relations between sets of Interpret scatter graphs
data in simple cases
Find the mean of a set of Use correlation to describe
data relations between sets of
data in simple cases
Use correlation to describe Draw a line of best fit by

relations between sets of eye and understand what
data in simple cases they represent
Identify trends in points

Draw scatter graphs plotted on a scatter graph
Distinguish between
Identify trends in points positive, negative and zero
plotted on a scatter graph correlation using lines of
best fit
Appreciate that correlation

is a measure of the
strength of the association
between two variables and Draw a line of best fit by
that zero correlation does eye.
not necessarily imply 'no
Identify trends in points Draw a line of best fit by
plotted on a scatter graph eye.

Draw a line of best fit by terms of the relationship
eye. between two variables
Understand what is meant

by a sample and a Draw a line of best fit by
eye.
population

Interpret scatter graphs terms of the relationship
between two variables
Measure lines to the Draw lines to the nearest

nearest centimetre millimetre.
Estimate and measure Identify and describe

angles, recognising that angles as more than 90°,
they are measured in less than 90°; or right
degrees angles in 2D shapes
Identify and describe

Begin to understand that angles as more than 90°,
angles are measured in less than 90°; or right
Estimate and measure Identify and describe

angles, recognising that angles as more than 90°,
they are measured in less than 90°; or right
Use a protractor to Estimate and measure
angles, recognising that
measure angles, including
of a given size they are measured in
degrees
Estimate and measure

angles, recognising that Compare angles up to
they are measured in 360°, including reflex
degrees angles
Add several small

Measure lines to the numbers. Know
nearest millimetre multiplication facts to 12 x
12.

Use a protractor to angles, recognising that
measure angles, including they are measured in
of a given size degrees

Use a protractor to
measure angles, including angles, recognising that
of a given size they are measured in
degrees
Begin to understand that

Know and use compass angles are measured in
directions degrees

Know and use compass
language associated with directions
bearings

Use bearing to specify language associated with
direction bearings
Use bearing to specify Mark on a diagram the

position of point B given its
direction bearing from the point A
Give a bearing between Understand that bearings
the points on a map or are measured from north
scaled plan in a clockwise direction.
Give a bearing between Use scales to convert from

the points on a map or the original length to the
scaled plan scaled length.
Identify right angles,

Recognise and identify recognising three right
angles that are multiples of angles as a three-quarter
90° turn and four right angles
as a whole turn
Explain why some shapes

tessellate and why other Draw sketches of shapes
shapes do not
Recognise that equilateral

triangles and squares have Identify congruent shapes
equal sides.
Distinguish between acute, Measure the distance

between given points on
obtuse and reflex angles parallel lines
Recognise and identify Use a protractor to

angles that are multiples of measure angles, including
90° of a given size
Understand the angle as a Distinguish between acute,
measure of turn. obtuse and reflex angles
Identify and describe

angles as more than 90°, Begin to understand that
less than 90°; or right angles are measured in
angles in 2D shapes degrees
Compare angles up to Use a protractor to

360°, including reflex measure angles, including
angles of a given size
Distinguish between acute,

obtuse and reflex angles Identify parallel lines
Use correct notation for Identify acute and obtuse

labelling angles angles.
Know that a right angle is Recognise right angles

90°
Know the sum of angles Solve equations such as a +
round a point 240 = 360
Use a protractor to Calculate angles around a

measure an angle point
Know that the sum of Use standard column

angles in a triangle is 180° procedures to add and
subtract whole numbers
Use sum of angles in a Use standard column

triangle to find missing procedures to add and
angle values subtract whole numbers
Use sum of angles in a Use the sum of the interior

triangle to find missing angle and the exterior
angle values angle is 180°
Know that angles on a Identify interior and

straight line sum to 180° exterior angles in a shape
Solve simple problems Solve geometric problems
using properties of angles, using side and angle
of parallel and intersecting properties of equilateral,
lines, and of triangles and isosceles and right-angled
other polygons - by looking triangles and special
at each shape separately quadrilaterals
Understand that a line

crossing parallel lines is
Identify parallel lines. called a transversal and
identify angles between
parallel lines and a
transversal.
Understand that a line

crossing parallel lines is
Identify parallel lines. called a transversal and
identify angles between
parallel lines and a
transversal.
Use standard column

Know that angles at a point procedures to add and
sum to 360°. subtract whole numbers
Know that the sum of

angles in a triangle and on Identify interior and
a straight line is 180° exterior angles in a shape
Know that the sum of Identify and draw

angles in a triangle is 180° diagonals in a polygon.
Use the sum of angles in a Use the sum of the
triangle to deduce and use
the angle sum in any exterior angles of any
polygon polygon is 360°
Calculate the interior Use the sum of the

angles of regular polygons exterior angles of any
polygon is 360°
Use the sum of the Know that the sum of

exterior angles of any angles on a straight line is
polygon is 360° 180°
Understand and measure Understand perimeter as a

perimeters of rectangles measure of length.
and regular polygons
Use standard column Find the perimeter of a

procedures to add and square/rectangle by
subtract whole numbers counting
Find the area of rectilinear Securely memorise all

shapes by counting multiplication and division
squares facts
Understand a net is a 2D
area of a rectangle/square representation of a 3D
shape.
Calculate the surface area Use the formula for the

of cubes with a net area of a rectangle/square
Measure shapes to find Know and use the formula

(perimeters and) areas by for the area of a rectangle
counting squares and triangle.
Find the area of rectilinear
Use the formula for the shapes by counting
area of a rectangle/square squares
Calculate the area of Use the formula for the

simple shapes made from
rectangles area of a rectangle/square
Calculate the surface area Use the formula for the

of cubes with a net area of a rectangle/square
Calculate the area of more Calculate the area of

complex shapes made simple shapes made from
from rectangles rectangles
Use nets to calculate the

surface area of simple Use the formula for the
area of a rectangle/square
cuboids
Calculate and compare

Find the area of rectilinear
areas of squares and shapes by counting
rectangles using standard squares
units
Count the number of unit Understand volume as a

cubes in a cuboid measure of capacity.
Substitute positive integers Use the formula for the

into simple formulae
expressed in letter symbols area of a rectangle/square

into simple formulae Use halving
expressed in letter symbols
Use the formula for the Use a formula to calculate

area of a rectangle/square the area of triangles
Use a formula to calculate Use the formula for the
the area of triangles area of a rectangle/square
Use the formula for the Use a formula to calculate

area of a rectangle/square the area of parallelograms

into simple formulae Identify parallel lines
expressed in letter symbols
Use a formula to calculate Use a formula to calculate

the area of parallelograms the area of trapezia
Calculate the surface area Use nets to calculate the

of simple cuboids (without surface area of simple
use of nets) cuboids
Know that the Identify parts of a circle.

circumference is the Know the diameter is twice
perimeter of a circle. the radius.
Know the formulae for the

circumference and area of Use the pi key on a
a circle calculator
Know the formulae for the Use the pi key on a

circumference and area of calculator
a circle
for the volume of a cuboid Know and use the formula
in a more complex for the volume of a cuboid
situation in a simple situation
Know and use the Know and use the formula

formulae for the area of a for the volume of a cuboid
triangle, parallelogram and
trapezium in a simple situation
Know and use the Calculate the surface area

formulae for the area of a
triangle, parallelogram and of simple cuboids (without
trapezium use of nets)

Calculate the volume of for area of rectangle and
right prisms
triangle.
Use the formulae for area

Know the formula for the
volume of a cylinder of a circle, given the radius
or diameter
Use the formulae for area Use the formula for the
of a circle, given the radius circumference of a circle
or diameter
Know the formulae for the Know that the perimeter is

circumference and area of the total distance around a
a circle shape.
Calculate surface areas of

shapes made from Calculate the surface area
cuboids, for lengths given of right prisms
as whole numbers
Know the formula for the
area of a rectangle, Know the formula for the
triangle, trapezium and volume and surface area of
circle. prisms, cones and spheres.
Know the formula for the Know that angles around a

circumference of a circle point sum to 360°
Know the formula for the Know that angles around a

area of a circle point sum to 360°
Know the formula for the Know the formula for the
area of a rectangle, volume and surface area of
triangle, trapezium and
circle. prisms, cones and spheres.
Recognise the formulae for Recognise the formulae for

area of sectors in a circle. length of arcs in a circle.

Know the formulae for area of a triangle using the
area of sectors in a circle. sine rule.
Know the formulae for Know trigonometry in

area of sectors in a circle. right-angled triangles.
Know parts of a circle

Use the sum of angles in including chord, radius,
triangles, at a point, on a
straight line. diameter, arc,
circumference.
Use the basic congruence Solve problems involving
criteria for triangles (SSS,
SAS, ASA, RHS) angles, triangles and circles

criteria for triangles (SSS, angles, triangles and circles
SAS, ASA, RHS)
Know that the interior

Solve problems involving angles in a quadrilateral
angles, triangles and circles sum to 360°

SAS, ASA, RHS)
Know that a tangent to a

Solve problems involving circle touches the
angles, triangles and circles circumference of a circle at
one point
Solve problems involving Prove and use the facts of

angles, triangles and circles circle theorems
Use the basic congruence

SAS, ASA, RHS)
Use a ruler to measure Use a protractor tp

lines accurately. measure angles accurately.
Identify identical shapes Rotate shapes to identify
corresponding sides.
Use straight edge and Use straight edge and

compasses to construct a compasses to construct a
triangle, given right angle, triangle given three sides
hypotenuse and side (RHS) (SSS)
Recognise where a shape Recognise where a shape

will be after reflection. will be after rotation.
Know and understand the Identify equal angles and

term 'congruent' lengths on congruent
shapes
Know that in congruent

shapes, corresponding Identify congruent shapes
sides and angles are equal
Know the interior angles of

that have a specific a equilateral triangle are
property 60° and the interior angles
of a square are 90°
Recognise corresponding Know the interior angles of

a equilateral triangle are
angles and sides in similar
shapes 60° and the interior angles
of a square are 90°
Know that in congruent

shapes, corresponding Identify congruent shapes
sides and angles are equal
Know the four conditions Identify 2-D shapes that
are congruent or similar by
for congruency are: SSS, reference to sides and
SAS, ASA/AAS, RHS angles
Recognise that all

Understand that the ratio corresponding angles in
of any two sides is similar shapes are equal in
constant in similar right- size when the
angled triangles corresponding lengths of
sides are not equal in size
Understand that the ratio Understand the concept of

area as the space inside a
of any two sides is shape and volume as a
constant in similar right-
angled triangles measure of capacity in a
3D shape
Identify 2-D shapes that

are congruent or similar by
Identify identical shapes reference to sides and
angles
Use simple examples of Complete a formal

the relationship between geometric proof of
enlargement and areas
and volumes of simple similarity of two given
triangles
shapes and solids
Identify simple nets for a Recognise each face of a

closed cube cube as being a square
Identify simple nets for an Recognise each face of a
open cube cube as being a square
Understand the concept of Recognise everyday 3D

a 3D shape as being a solid shapes
Identify and name

common solids: cube, Understand the concept of
cuboid, cylinder, prism, a 3D shape as being a solid
Begin to identify edges, Recognise, name and

vertices, faces on cubes, describe cubes, cuboids
cuboids
Identify and name

common solids: cube, Know the terms face, edge
cuboid, cylinder, prism, and vertex
Begin to identify edges,

vertices, faces on cones, Identify different nets of a
pyramids, triangular cube
prisms, cubes, cuboids

Know and use geometric vertices, faces on cubes,
properties of cuboids cuboids

Make cuboids, cubes, vertices, faces on cones,
tetrahedra and pyramids
from nets pyramids, triangular
Describe what a 3D shape Find all possible solids that
can be made from cubes;
would look like when
viewed from above record solids using
isometric paper
Begin to identify edges, Identify 2D shapes on the

vertices, faces on cones, faces of 3D shapes, e.g.
pyramids, triangular circle on a cone and
prisms, cubes, cuboids triangle on a tetrahedron
Understand language
Draw circles and arcs, perpendicular, bisect, mid
including using compasses point

shapes - regular vertices, faces on cones,
polyhedra pyramids, triangular
Deduce properties of Identify 2D

simple 3D shapes from representations of more
their 2D representations complex 3D shapes
Visualise and use a wide Deduce properties of

range of 2-D simple 3D shapes from
representations of 3-D their 2D representations
objects
Begin to use plans and Describe what a 3D shape

elevations would look like when
viewed from above

Begin to use plans and
elevations associated with plans and
elevations
Draw circles and arcs,
including using compasses associated with
construction
Draw circles and arcs, Use a ruler to measure and

including using compasses draw lines to the nearest
millimetre

compasses to construct a Understand an equilateral
triangle given three sides triangle has sides of equal
(SSS) length and angles of 60°
Understand a hexagon is a
Use a compass 6 sided polyon

including using compasses the mid point and
perpendicular bisector of a
line segment
Use straight edge and Use a ruler to measure and

compass to construct the draw lines to the nearest
perpendicular from a point millimetre
on a line segment
the mid point and including using compasses
line segment
Draw the locus equidistant Draw the locus equidistant

from a line and around a between 2 points or from a
rectangle point
Produce shapes and paths Draw the locus equidistant

by using descriptions of from a line and around a
loci rectangle
Draw the locus equidistant Produce shapes and paths

between 2 points or from a by using descriptions of
point loci

Construct an equilateral compasses to construct
the mid point and
triangle
line segment
Sketch the path of loci in
2D, e.g. the tip of a minute Produce shapes and paths
by using descriptions of
hand of a clock, the tip of a loci
windscreen wiper

Draw circles and arcs, compass to construct the
including using compasses perpendicular from or to a
point on a line segment
Compare and measure the

Compare and measure
capacities of containers weights using non-
using uniform non- standard uniform units
standard units
Read relevant scales to the Read a number halfway

between two numbers on
nearest numbered unit a number line
Record readings from Read relevant scales to the

scales to a suitable degree
of accuracy nearest numbered unit
Use time represented in Know that there are 60

the 12 hour and 24 hour
clock minutes in 1 hour
Understand area as a
Suggest suitable units to measure of the amount of
estimate or measure space inside the boundary
length, mass and capacity of a 2 dimensional object
Understand that area is Suggest suitable units to

measured in square estimate or measure
centimetres length, mass and capacity
Record readings from Know that measurements

scales to a suitable degree using real numbers depend
of accuracy upon the choice of unit
Recognise and estimate Estimate the area of

volume and capacity using irregular shapes using
ccs and ml standard units
Read and interpret scales Know the different units

on a range of measuring for measuring length, cm,
instruments mm, metres, km
Know that area is Know the different units

measured in square units for measuring length, cm,
e.g. cm squared, mm mm, metres, km
squared
Identify parallel lines Identify lines that are not

parallel
Mark perpendicular lines
on a diagram Identify parallel lines
Know that the inverses of Label the hypotenuse,

sin, cos, tan are sin-1, cos- opposite and adjacent in a
1, tan-1 respectively right-angled triangle
Substitute integers into Identify and label the

algebra equations and hypotenuse in a right-
solve for missing values angled triangle
Know the formula for Identify and label the

Pythagoras' theorem and hypotenuse in a right-
use to find the hypotenuse angled triangle

Pythagoras' theorem and Identify and label the
how to substitute in values hypotenuse in a right-
angled triangle
from a diagram
In simple cases such as a = Be able to correctly
x/b, make x the subject of
the formula identify the hypotenuse
Identify cuboids and

recognise that a cuboid is a Identify lines of symmetry
in simple 2D shapes
prism

In simple cases such as a = in a right-angled triangle,
using straight-forward
b/x, make x the subject of
the formula algebraic manipulation,
tangent ratios)
Use the sine, cosine and Use the sine, cosine and
tangent ratios to find the lengths of unknown sides
lengths of unknown sides in a right-angled triangle,
in a right-angled triangle, using straight-forward
using more complex
algebraic manipulation, algebraic manipulation,
e.g. the hypotenuse (using
cosine or sine), or adjacent (using cosine), or the
(using the tangent ratio) opposite (using sine or
tangent ratios)
Begin to use the

Know the language of
angles of elevation and trigonometric ratios to find
the size of an angle in a
angles of depression
right-angled triangle
Use and apply Pythagoras' Understand the language

of planes, and recognise
theorem to solve problems the diagonals of a cuboid
Understand, recall and use Understand the language

Pythagoras' theorem in 3-D of planes, and recognise
problems the diagonals of a cuboid
Find angles of elevation Understand, recall and use

Pythagoras' theorem in 3-D
and angles of depression problems
Understand, recall and use Find angles of elevation
Pythagoras' theorem in 3-D and angles of depression
problems
Know the terms face, edge

and vertex Recognise 2D shapes
Recognise angles as a
property of shape and Recognise sides which are
identify right angles in equal in length
shapes
Recognise angles as a
Recognise properties of property of shape and
squares identify right angles in
shapes
Identify line symmetry in Identify lines of symmetry

2D shapes presented in
different orientations in simple 2D shapes
Complete a symmetric Identify line symmetry in

figure with a given line of 2D shapes presented in
symmetry different orientations
Understand that a straight

line can be drawn between Draw sketches of shapes
two points
Know the sum of angles on Identify interior angles in
a straight line triangles

and vertex Recognise 2D shapes
Use correct notation for Use correct notation for

labelling angles labelling lines
Identify Perpendicular Know a right angle is 90°

Lines
Begin to recognise basic Recognise line symmetry

line symmetry
Know the sum of angles on Solve equations such as a +

a straight line 60 = 180
Measure, compare, add

Compare and classify acute and subtract lengths or
and obtuse angles
heights using m/cm/mm
Identify simple angle, side Identify right angles in 2D
and symmetry properties
of triangles shapes
Identify and begin to use Know key vocabulary e.g.

angle, side and symmetry side, angle, symmetry,
properties of quadrilaterals equal

Identify quadrilaterals similar, including all
from everyday usage regular polygons with
Recognise and visualise the Begin to recognise basic

symmetry of a 2-D shape:
line symmetry line symmetry
Rotate a shape through a

quarter, half and three- Rotate a shape about a
quarter turn, clockwise center
and anti-clockwise
Rotate a shape through a Draw or complete

quarter, half and three- diagrams with a given
quarter turn, clockwise order of rotational
and anti-clockwise symmetry
Plot points and draw sides Describe positions on a 2-

to complete a polygon on a dimensional grid as co-
co-ordinate grid (1st
quadrant) ordinates (1st quadrant)
Plot points and draw sides
to complete a polygon on a Describe positions on a 2-
co-ordinate grid (1st dimensional grid as co-
quadrant) ordinates (1st quadrant)
Solve geometric problems Recognise that an

using side and angle equilateral triangle is a
properties of equilateral regular polygon with
triangles angles of 60°
Identify and name

Know the terms face, edge common solids: cube,
and vertex cuboid, cylinder, prism,
Compare and classify

Identify quadrilaterals quadrilaterals according to
from everyday usage
their properties
Identify simple angle, side

and symmetry properties
of triangles
Know and use the

properties of a square and Compare and classify
quadrilaterals according to
rectangle and deduce their properties
related facts
Solve simple geometrical Identify angle, side and

problems using properties symmetry properties of
of quadrilaterals simple quadrilaterals
Be able to use a compass Know the diameter is twice

correctly the radius
labelling lines labelling triangles
Solve geometric problems Solve geometric problems

using side and angle using side and angle
properties of equilateral properties of equilateral
and isosceles triangles triangles
Know and use the terms

radius and diameter; Name and identify 2D
identify the radius and shapes including circles,
diameter of different ovals and simple polygons
circles
Identify the centre and Know the names of parts

radius of a circle of a circle
Draw a circle given the

radius or diameter
Mark perpendicular lines

on a diagram
Know the definition of a Understand the vocabulary

circle of tangent
Know that the

Know that the tangent at
any point on a circle is perpendicular distance
perpendicular to the radius from a point to a line is the
at that point. shortest distance to the
line
Solve problems involving Use the basic congruence
criteria for triangles (SSS,
angles, triangles and circles SAS, ASA, RHS)
Know and be able to use Identify the hypotenuse on

Pythagoras' Theorem a right angled triangle
Use the information given

about the length of sides
and sizes of angles to Know the four conditions
for congruency are: SSS,
determine whether
triangles are congruent, or SAS, ASA/AAS, RHS
similar

labelling lines labelling triangles
Identify and describe the

position of a shape on a Identify the mirror line and
square grid following a line of symmetry
reflection
Describe movements Use mathematical

between positions as vocabulary to describe
translations of a given unit movement in a straight
to left/right or up/down line
Identify the mirror line and Reflect a simple shape in a

given mirror line using a
line of symmetry mirror
Understand the concept of

Recall multiplication facts scale factors
Identify and describe the Describe positions on a 2-
position of a shape on a
dimensional grid as co-
co-ordinate grid following ordinates (1st quadrant)
a reflection
Identify and describe the Describe movements

position of a shape on a between positions as
co-ordinate grid following translations of a given unit
a translation to left/right or up/down
Describe movements Move a shape using tracing

between positions as
translations of a given unit paper following
to left/right or up/down instructions
Describe rotation in terms Describe position,

of quarter, half and three- directions and movements
quarter turns, clockwise including half, quarter and
and anti-clockwise three-quarter turns
Understand and use the Describe rotation in terms

language associated with of quarter, half and three-
rotations quarter turns, clockwise
and anti-clockwise
Recognise congruent Rotate, reflect and

shapes translate shapes on a grid

rotations and reflections Scale a shape on a grid
map objects on to (without a centre
congruent images specified)
Enlarge a simple 2D shape Understand the concept of

on a square grid by a
positive scale factor scale factors
Enlarge 2-D shapes, given a
centre of enlargement Enlarge 2-D shapes, given a
which lies inside, or on a centre of enlargement and
side, of the shape and a a positive whole number
positive whole number scale factor
scale factor
Scale a shape on a grid Understand the concept of

(without a centre scale factors
specified)
Enlarge a given shape Scale a shape on a grid

using (0, 0) as the centre of (without a centre
enlargement specified)
Scale a shape on a grid

(without a centre Enlarge shapes with a
specified)

Translate a shape on a language associated with
square/coordinate grid translations
Translate a shape on a Understand and use the

square/coordinate grid language associated with
translations
Know and use the terms

Enlarge shapes with a
scale factor and centre of centre other than (0, 0)
enlargement?

centre of enlargement and Multiply an integer by a
a positive whole number fraction
scale factor
Describe rotation in terms
Recognise and visualise - of quarter, half and three-
rotation about a given quarter turns, clockwise
point and anti-clockwise
Describe reflections on a Describe rotations about a

coordinate grid centre
Understand and write

Recognise whether a equations of straight lines
reflection is correct parallel to the x and y axis
Recognise whether a Recognise and visualise the

reflection is correct reflection in a mirror line
of a 2-D shape
Understand and use the Recognise and visualise the

language associated with reflection in a mirror line
reflections of a 2-D shape

rotation about a given Recognise and visualise the
point (rotation point must transformation of a 2-D
be outside the shape) shape: translation
Transform 2-D shapes by
simple combinations of
translations, using ICT (e.g. Recognise and visualise the
transformation of a 2-D
repeated reflection,
rotation or translation, shape: rotation, reflection,
translation
0))
Recognise that
enlargements preserve Enlarge 2D shapes, given a
angle but not length fractional scale factor
Rearrange and solve

formulae involving Label a triangle correctly to
use the sine or cosine rule
fractions
Rearrange and solve Label a triangle correctly to

formulae involving powers use the sine or cosine rule

rule a/sin A = b/sin B = Label a triangle correctly to
c/sin C to find unknown use the sine or cosine rule
lengths and angles
know and apply the cosine

rule a² = b² + c² - 2bc cos Label a triangle correctly to
A to find unknown lengths use the sine or cosine rule
Calculate the area of a

triangle given the length of Label a triangle correctly to
two sides and the included use the sine or cosine rule
angle
Use a calculator to find sin Recognise and manipulate
Ѳ, cos Ѳ and tan Ѳ surds

know and apply the cosine rule a/sin A = b/sin B =
rule a² = b² + c² - 2bc cos
A to find unknown lengths c/sin C to find unknown
lengths and angles
Understand and use vector Understand vectors

represent direction and
notation
magnitude
Understand and use the Understand vectors

language associated with represent direction and
translations magnitude
Understand and use vector Understand vectors

notation represent direction and
magnitude
Understand and use vector Calculate the resultant of

notation two vectors
Add and Subtract vectors Use 2D Vector notation for

translation
Understand and use vector

Add and Subtract vectors
notation
two vectors

graphically, the sum of two Know that a scalar multiple
vectors, the difference of of another vector is
two vectors and a scalar parallel
multiple of a vector
Solve geometrical
Calculate the resultant of problems in 2-D using
two vectors
vector methods

parts in a given ratio where
Use ratio notation ratio is given in worded
form
Understand the
multiplicative relationships Know that a number
between two quantities in divided by itself is 1
direct proportion

parts in a given ratio,
where ratio given in ratio Use ratio notation
notation
Decide which number in

Use ratio notation the ratio is m
Divide a given quantity into
two parts in a given Understand and use
part:part or part: whole equivalent ratios
ratio

Use ratio notation parts in a given ratio where
ratio is given in worded
form
Understand the Understand the parts in a

denominator as equal ratio e.g. 2 : 3 has 5 parts
parts of a whole

simplest form, including Write ratios in the form 1:
m or m: 1
three-part ratios
Find equivalent ratios Write a simple linear

function using algebra
Know that if a rate is

speed, density, pressure constant the two variables
are in direct proportion
Know the formulae for Know that if a rate is

constant the two variables
speed, density, pressure are in direct proportion
Know that if a rate varies,

Know the formula for the constant rate formulae
average speed can be used to calculate an
average rate
Use place value to multiply
Begin to convert between and divide numbers by 10
different units of measure and 100, involving 2-place
decimals

decimals

decimals

decimals
Understand and use basic

equivalences between Measure, compare, add
metric and imperial units; and subtract lengths or
express these in heights using m/cm/mm
approximate terms
Know that 1 cm2 = 100

mm2, 1 m2 = 10 000 cm2, Divide by powers of 10
1 km2 = 1 000 000 m2
Multiply and divide

Understand that volume of integers and decimals by
a 1 cm cube is 1 cm³
powers of 10
Write ratios in their
Use ratio notation
simplest form
Know the approximate

standard metric and Begin to convert between
imperial conversions for different units of measure
length, capacity and mass

units of distance, and Know and use the formula
convert between units of for speed and density
time
Know rough imperial Understand multiplicative

measures in daily use relationships between
(inches, feet, ounces, quantities in direct
pounds) proportion
Know rough metric

equivalents of imperial Understand multiplicative
measures in daily use (feet, relationships between
miles, pounds, pints, quantities in direct
gallons) proportion
Understand that when two

quantities are in direct
Form a ratio in the form 1 : proportion, as one
increases or decreases, the
m other increases or
decreases in the same
ratio
Set up equations to show Know the symbol for

direct proportion proportionality α
Read values from straight- Identify the origin on
line graphs for real-life coordinate axes
situations
Discuss and interpret linear Know that if a rate is

and non linear graphs from constant the two variables
a range of sources are in direct proportion
Set up equations to show Form a ratio in the form 1 :

direct proportion m
Use expressions of the Know the symbol for

form y α x proportionality α
Use expressions of the Know that the gradient of

a line is the change in y
form y α x over change in x.
Use expressions of the Know the symbol for

form y α x proportionality α
Plot and read values from Recognise that the graph

curved graphs for real life of y = 1/x has assumptotes
situations at the x and y axes
inverse proportion using Use expressions of the
graphs by plotting and form y α 1/x
Identify direct proportion Identify direct proportion

from a table of values by
from a graph
comparing ratios of values
Interpret the gradient of a Set up equations to show

straight line graph as a rate direct proportion
of change
Understand that a fraction

is an equal part of a whole; Divide a shape into equal
1/2s and 1/4s of shapes parts

Use fraction notation to
describe parts of shapes key vocabulary, numerator
and denominator
Divide a shape into equal

Use ratio notation parts

Use fraction notation to key vocabulary, numerator
describe parts of shapes and denominator
Know the multiplicative

Use ratio notation relationship between two
equivalent ratios
Draw distance-time graphs
and velocity-time graphs how one variable changes

Use expressions of the graphs of simple quadratic
form y α x functions, then more
general functions
Use a calculator to
calculate with small integer Know that a0 = 1
powers
Know the decimal

multiplier for a percentage
Use the power key on a
increase, e.g. To increase calculator correctly
an amount by 12%, one
can multiply by 1.12
Know the decimal

Use compound interest increase, e.g. To increase
an amount by 12%, one
can multiply by 1.12
Know the decimal

increase or decrease, e.g.
Use compound interest To increase an amount by
12%, multiply by 1.12; to
decrease by 12%, multiply
by 0.88
Know the decimal
increase or decrease.
Use compound interest Know that if a quantity is
decreased by a 1/4, the
remaining will be 3/4
Use direct proportion in Calculate the multiplier

simple contexts between two quantities
Work out y/x Use ratio notation
Identify direct proportion Calculate the multiplier

from a graph between two quantities
Use ratio notation quantities as a ratio or a
fraction
Use ratio notation relationship between two
quantities as a ratio or a
fraction
Calculate fractions of an
Use ratio notation amount
understand what Know 1/10 = 10/100, 2/10
percentage means
(fraction with a = 20/100 e.t.c.
denominator of 100)
Relate percentages to Recognise the % symbol;

fractions and find 10%,
understand what
20% and other easy percentage means
percentages of whole (fraction with a
numbers or amounts of denominator of 100)

understand what Convert a percentage to a
percentage means number of hundredths or
(fraction with a tenths.
denominator of 100)
Understand percentage as Recognise the equivalence

the 'number of parts per of percentages, fractions
100' and decimals
Recognise the equivalence Understand percentage as
of percentages, fractions the 'number of parts per
and decimals 100'
Understand equivalence
Express one number as a between fractions and
fraction of another percentages
Understand percentage as
the 'number of parts per Divide whole numbers by
100' 100
Find a percentage of a Divide whole numbers by

quantity using a multiplier 100
Recall equivalent fractions,
Have strategies for finding including for fractions that
equivalent fractions, are greater than 1. Match
decimals and percentages across all 3 types, and
need to be simple fractions
(1/2, 1/4, 1/5, 1/10)
Understand that an
increase of 15% will result Calculate simple
in 115% and 115% is percentages
equivalent to 1.15
Understand that a
decrease of 15% will result Calculate simple
in 85% and 85% is percentages
equivalent to 0.85
Understand that an
increase of 15% is
Find a percentage of a equivalent to 1.15;
quantity using a multiplier Understand that a
decrease of 15% is
equivalent to 0.85
Understand that an
Find a percentage of a increase of 15% will result
quantity using a multiplier in 115% and 115% is
equivalent to 1.15
Define percentages as Understand equivalence

number of parts per between fractions and
hundred percentages
Choose the correct

numbers to take as 100%
or as a whole
Use a multiplier to increase

or decrease by a Find a percentage of a
percentage quantity using a multiplier
Interpet percentages and Define percentages as
percentage change as a number of parts per
fraction or a decimal hundred
Use an inverse operation,

e.g. If I know there was a Use a unitary method, e.g.
20% discount in a sale then if £40 is 60%, find 1% by
the original price was dividing by 60 and then
multiplied by 0.8 to get the 100% by multiplying by
discount price. I can find 100. Give them the
the original price by scaffolding to answer the
dividing the discounted question
price by 0.8

e.g. If I know there was a
20% discount in a sale then
Use a multiplier to increase the original price was
or decrease by a multiplied by 0.8 to get the
percentage discount price. I can find
the original price by
dividing the discounted
price by 0.8

e.g. If I know there was a
20% discount in a sale then
Use a multiplier to increase the original price was
or decrease by a multiplied by 0.8 to get the
percentage discount price. I can find
the original price by
dividing the discounted
price by 0.8
Use simple scales e.g. if Multiply and divide
1cm = 2m then 4cm = 8m integers
Read and construct scale Use a ruler to measure and

drawings draw lines to the nearest
millimetre
Use a ruler to measure and

Use simple scales e.g. if draw lines to the nearest
1cm = 2m then 4cm = 8m
millimetre
Read and construct scale Use simple scales e.g. if

drawings 1cm = 2m then 4cm = 8m
Convert between metric Use direct proportion

measures

measures Draw diagrams to scale
Know that similar shapes

Enlarge 2D shapes using a have equal angles and
scale factor greater than 1 corresponding sides are all
or less than -1 in the same ratio
Understand direct
Recognise sets of data that proportion as equality of
are proportional ratios
Recognise that Know how to find the

enlargements preserve
angle but not length perimeter of a shape
Understand that the ratio Know that enlargements of
of any two sides is
constant in similar right- 2D shapes produce similar
angled triangles shapes
Enlarge 2D shapes using a Know that enlargements of

scale factor between -1 2D shapes produce similar
and 1 shapes
Identify the scale factor of

Know that linear scale an enlargement as the
factor is k and area scale ratio of the lengths of any
factor is k2 two corresponding line
segments
Know that the

Know that in similar perpendicular distance
shapes corresponding
lengths are in the same from a point to a line is the
ratio shortest distance to the
line
Know that linear scale

factor is k, area scale factor Calculate the new area of a
is k2 and volume scale shape after enlargement
factor is k3

using ideas of ratio and
Understand ratio proportion ('one for
compares part to part
every...' and 'one in
every...')
Recognise common factors Identify factors and

and relate to common multiples and begin to find
multiples common factors
Know that when Reduce a ratio to its

comparing measurements simplest form
the units must be the same
Recognise common factors Identify factors and
and relate to common multiples and begin to find
multiples common factors
Simplify fractions by Identify factors and

cancelling all common multiples and begin to find
factors common factors

simplest form, including Use ratio notation
three-part ratios
Booster
Round decimals to the

nearest whole number
Use rounding to the

number, e.g. 62 to 63
Estimate answers to
calculations by rounding
numbers to 1 sig. fig
Recognise that
the nearest whole unit
may be inaccurate by up to
Recognise that
the nearest whole unit
may be inaccurate by up to
Identify upper and lower
bounds for rounding of
discrete and continuous
data

lower bounds of 2-D
measurements e.g. area

lower bounds of other
compound measurements
e.g. density

calculating the upper and
lower bounds of
compound measures
counting up through the
next multiple of 10
Extend written methods to

HTU × U
HTU × U
Partition to multiply
mentally TU × U

the reverse of doubling

the reverse of doubling

HTU × U

correct order to integers
and proper fractions
each other and use this to
find relationships
Multiply and divide

decimals by 10, 100, 1000,
as it applies to whole

TU × TU
Use conventional notation

for priority of operations,
including brackets and
powers

number by 0.1 and 0.01
Understand division as it
applies to whole numbers
and decimals
each other and use this to
find relationships
Check a result by working

it backwards

U.t × U
Multiply three-digit by
two-digit whole numbers
including brackets and
powers
Divide three-digit by two-

digit whole numbers
Use inverse operations
Be able to estimate
involving 2 or more
Divide three-digit by two-

digit whole numbers
Divide decimals with one

or two places by single-
digit whole numbers

multiplication - partitioning
two 2 digit numbers where
one number includes a
figures)
figures)
Simplify fractions by
cancelling all common
factors
Multiply and divide

negative integers by a
positive number
Multiply and divide

negative integers by a
negative number
Be able to add and

decimal with varying
Use order of operations

with positive and negative
numbers
Be able to add and
decimal with varying
Be able to add and

subtract more than two
integers or decimals with
up to two decimal places,
but with varying numbers
of significant figures and
using a mixture of
operation within the
calculation

multiplication of decimals -
doubling and halving
strategies

calculations where the
square rooted
Recognise and use

inverse operations
into the calculation, with
denominators less than or
equal to 12 and using the

square rooted

square rooted
Be able to estimate
involving 2 or more

value system, to the right
of the tens column, can be
Add mixed number

fractions without common
denominators, where the
fraction parts add up to
more than 1
Multiply two fractions
together
Be able to divide any


dividing by any integer
power of 10

dividing by any integer
power of 10
Write small numbers in

standard form
Use BODMAS with positive

and negative numbers
figures)
Use standard column

decimals of any size,
including a mixture of large
and small numbers with
different numbers of
decimal places
Use mental strategies to

multiply and divide by 4 by
doubling and halving twice
fraction or decimal
Add simple algebraic

fractions e.g. x/3 + x/2
Add simple algebraic
fractions e.g. x/3 + x/2
fraction
Understand which part of

an expression is raised to a
power by knowing the
difference between 3 × (7
+ 8)² and 3² × (7 + 8) and (3
× (7 + 8))²
Be able to estimate
answers to more complex
calculations involving
BODMAS
Write numbers as a
decimal number of millions
or thousands, e.g. 23 600
000 as 23.6 million

value system, to the left of
the units column, can be
Solve problems which
involve the multiplication
or division of two decimals
Use knowledge of place

value to calculate the
product or division of two
decimals where one or
both are less than 1 and at
least one has two digits
other than zero.
Recognise and use

inverse operations
Use the long division

method to divide a decimal
by a whole number
Divide a fraction by a
fraction
To understand the
difference between
squaring a negative
number and subtracting a
squared number within a
more complex calculation
Understand the order in

which to calculate
expressions that contain
powers and brackets in
both the numerator and
denominator of a fraction
Use inverse operations to

check the answer to a
calculation
Write numbers greater

than 10 in standard index
form
Solve inequalities involving

negative integers
Extend to solving problems

by substituting negative
numbers into expressions
involving powers
Know that the reciprocal of
a reciprocal is the original
number

including roots and
reciprocals
Know that the reciprocal of

a reciprocal is the original
number
Extend to indices
Solve more complex

calculations involving the
priority of operations
List all the possible

outcomes of two events in
a sample space
Extend the product rule for
3 tasks
Understand and use

compound measures:
Understand and use

compound measures:
Solve more complex

problems involving
compound measures e.g.
Given the lengths of a
cuboid and the density,
calculate the mass
Find upper bounds and

lower bounds of
measurements
Round numbers to
significant figures
Multipy and divide

decimals - positive and
negative
Multiply or divide any
number between 0 and 1
Estimate the answer to a

calculation which involves
multiplying or dividing by a
number between 0 and 1
Apply simple tests of

divisibility (3, 6, 4, 25)
Multiply and divide

integers by 10 and 100,
Recognise and use

multiples and factors
(divisors) and use simple
tests of divisibility
Find common factors and

primes

any whole number
(without any support, just
blank boxes)
any whole number without
any support

between factor, multiple
and prime numbers
Find lowest common

multiple by listing
Find HCF and LCM using

Prime Factors
Recognise two digit prime

numbers
Recognise and use

common factor, highest
common factor and lowest
common multiple
Solve worded problems by

listing the multiples and
identifying common
factors
decomposition of a
number which is a multiple
of a number already
written in prime factor
form
Find the HCF or LCM of

two numbers that are
written as a product of
their prime factors
Be able to find square

roots by factorising, e.g.
square root of 324 is
square root of 4 × 81
which is 18. 324 = 4 × 81
should be given
Understand the vocabulary

of highest common factor,
lowest common multiple

Prime Factors
Argue mathematically to
show algebraic expressions
are equivalent

Prime Factors
decomposition of a
of a number already
form

Prime Factors

decomposition of a
of a number already
form
Multiply and divide simple

fractions (mixed) - positive
and negative
Add and subtract fractions

(mixed) - positive and
negative

adding and subtracting
fractions
multiplying and dividing
fractions
Convert fractions where

the denominator is a
power of 10 into decimals
Use division to convert a

fraction to a decimal
Use halving and doubling

strategies on fractions to
find decimal equivalents of
other fractions, e.g. 1/4 =
0.25 so 1/8 is half of 0.25
etc. Original fact is given
work interchangeably with

terminating decimals and
their corresponding
fractions ( such as 3.5 and
7/2 or 0.375 or 3/8)
Learn fractional
equivalents to key
recurring decimals e.g.
0.333333..., 0.66666666...,
0.11111... and by
Know the denominators of
simple fractions that
produce recurring
decimals, and those that
do not
Convert a recurring
decimal to a fraction in
simple cases
Use division and

multiplication strategies on
fractions to find decimal
equivalents of other
fractions, e.g. 1/4 = 0.25 so
1/40 is 0.025
Understand a recurring
decimal to fraction proof
Understand a recurring
decimal to fraction proof
where the recurring
decimal has the second or
third digit recurring
Calculate simple
percentages
Extend the percentage
calculation strategies with
jottings to find any
percentage, e.g. 17.5% by
finding 10%, 5% and 2.5%,
and adding
Solve worded problems

involving finding fractions
of an amount
Interpret percentage as
the operator 'so many
hundredths of'
Convert between fractions,


finding fractions of
quantities (fraction
answers)

calculating fractions of an
amount
Know square numbers 6 ×

6 to 9 × 9
Identify numbers with

exactly 2 factors (primes)
Recognise triangle
numbers less than 20

squares
Know all the squares of

numbers less than 16 and
be able to know the square
root given the square
number
Write numbers as
combinations of squares
and cubes e.g. 22 x 33 =
108
Find and interpret roots of

non square numbers using
square root key
Give the positive and

negative square root of a
square number
Write numbers as
combinations of squares
and cubes e.g. 22 x 33 =
108
Be able to estimate square

roots of non square
Extend mental calculations

to cubes and cube roots
Be able to estimate cube
roots of non cube numbers
less than 100

less than 100
Recall the cubes of 2, 3, 4,

5 and 10

calculator functions,
including +, -, x, , x², √x,

root of 135 is cube root of
5 × 27 which is 18. 135 = 5
× 27 should be given to
them

Mentally be able to
calculate the cubes of
multiplied by a multiple of
ten, e.g. 0.2, 300, 0.400
Combine laws of
with mental calculations of
cubes, e.g. (23 − 13 + 4 −
8)³
Combine laws of
square roots, e.g. √(45 +
36) and cube roots e.g. 3
√(89 + 36)
Combine laws of
cube roots, e.g. ³ √(89 +
36)
Be able to use mental

strategies to solve word
problems set in context
using square roots and
cube roots mentally
Extend to more complex

word problems

multiply and divide
numbers written in index
notation

multiply and divide
notation
Use the square, cube and

power keys on a calculator
Calculate with roots (surds
- exact values)

multiply and divide
notation

find powers of powers e.g.
(32)³
Use fractions, surds and pi

in exact calculations,
Estimate powers and roots

of any given positive
number using trial and
improvements
Find the value of

calculations using indices
including fractional and
negative indices
Simplify expressions with

fractional and negative
indices
Simplify expressions with
fractional and negative
indices
Find equivalent fractions

by using diagrams

and negative

on the left. Decimals
should be to 4 or 5
significant figures
Compare decimals in
different contexts
Compare decimals in
different contexts
Understand and use

decimal notation and place
value
Add and subtract decimals
- positive and negative

decimals with the smallest
or largest on the left.
Decimals should be to 2 or
3 significant figures
Compare decimals in
different contexts

negative decimals.

negative decimals.

negative decimals.
Decimals should be greater
than 3 significant figures
work interchangeably with
terminating decimals and
their corresponding
fractions ( such as 3.5 and
7/2 or 0.375 or 3/8)
Order fractions by
converting them to
decimals or otherwise
Order fractions in context
Extend to more difficult

calculations involving
division e.g. Given 3.6 × 4.8
= 17.28, find 1728 ÷ 48
Apply the multiplicative

quantities to solve
problems e.g. Calculate the
length of sides on similar
shapes, convert between
currencies
Solve multistep problems

involving using different
exchange rates to convert
between currencies
Make estimates and

approximations of
calculations - use a range
of ways to find an
approximate answer
Know there are different
ways of finding an
approximate answer

figure to make
standardized estimates for

figure to make
standardized estimates for
Work with numbers

rounded to whole
numbers or to 1 or 2
decimal places to estimate
solutions
Estimate answers to one-


Check reasonableness of
answers

Estimate answers to
worded problems involving
one- or two- step
calculations
Use standard form display

and know how to enter
Use a calculator to do
simple calculations with
Write numbers less than

10 in standard index form
Convert between large and

small numbers into
standard form and vice-
versa
Order numbers written in

different forms e.g. whole
numbers, fractions,
standard form
Solve word problems
which involve converting
numbers into standard
form
Solve word problems

form
Solve word problems

form
Write (3 - √3)² in the form

a + b √3

a + b √3
Rationalise a denominator

and leaving answer in surd
form

Substitute positive values
into the constructed
expression.
from worded descriptions
that involve brackets

linear equations with a
unit fraction cooefficients,
of the form ax ± b = c, e.g.
x/2 + 5 = 7
Construct algebraic
expressions for finding the
perimeter of a shape.
Construct and solve

equations to solve
problems involving
perimeters of shapes and
interior angles in polgons,
e.g. the interior angles of a
triangle are 3x, 2x + 10, x +
50, calculate each of the
angles.
one unknown with
Construct and solve

equations that involves
multiplying out brackets by
a negative number (e.g.
4(2a - 1) = 32 - 3(2a - 2))

form (ax +/- b)/c =(dx +/-
e)/f [c and f ≠ 1]

one unknown with

two decimal place of
equations such as x³ - x =
70
Construct and solve

equations and use
systematic trial and
two decimal places
equations such as x³ + x =
50

form (ax +/- b)/c =(dx +/-
e)/f [one of c or f should be
1]
Use a derived formula to

calculate unknowns
including rearranging

arising from algebraic
fractions

fractions

fractions
Understand that there are
two distinct real roots for
b2 > 4ac, one root for b2 =
4ac and no real roots for b2
< 4ac
Understand that there are

two distinct real roots for
b2 > 4ac, one root for b2 =
4ac and no real roots for b2
< 4ac
Simplify after multiplying a

single term over a bracket
Simplify after multiplying a

single term with powers
over a bracket. E.g 3x(2x² +
3) or 2ab(3b + 4ab2)
involving positive and
negative terms such as (a +
b)(c - d) and collect like
terms


involving surds and
algebraic fractions

into simple formulae
expressed in letter
symbols, e.g. a+/- b, a × b
create more complex
brackets

into more complex
formulae (involving
brackets and more than
in letter symbols (e.g. D =
polygon of n sides)

into more complex
formulae (involving
polygon of n sides)
Identify formulae and

functions
Explain the distinction

between equations,
Substitute values into a

formula and a function
Substitute values into a

formula and a function
Write expressions to solve
problems representing a
situation

situation
Use the distributive law to

take out numerical
common factors, e.g. 6a +
8b = 2(3a + 4b)

into more complex
formulae (involving
polygon of n sides)
Create and solve equations
representing a situation
Identitify like terms
Substitute positive values

into a formula and
function
equation/ formula/identity
from a list

into expressions involving
small powers (up to 3)

negative integers into
linear expressions and
powers
Know and understand the

meaning of an identity and
use the≠ sign

Identify identities
Simplify simple linear

algebraic expressions by
collecting like terms that
involve negative values
and different terms (e.g. 2a
- 4a, a + 4b - 3a + b)
Begin to multiply a single

positive term over a
bracket containing linear
terms e.g. 4(x+3)
Manipulate expressions by
taking out common
factors, not necessarily the
highest e.g. 4x + 8 = 2(2x +
4)
Factorise to one bracket by
taking out the highest
common factors for all
terms e.g. 2x²y + 6xy² =
2xy(x + 3y)
factorise quadratic
expressions of the form ax²
+ bx + c, including the
factorise quadratic
expressions of the form ax²
+ bx + c
by factorising

the subject is on both sides

subject of the formula, e.g.
make c the subject of the

subject of the formula, e.g.
make c the subject of the

the subject is on both sides
Change the subject if a
formula involving the use
of square roots and
squares

involves fractions, e.g.
make u or v the subject of
the formula 1/v + 1/u =1/t

involves factorising, e.g.
make s the subject of the
formula as + t = rs - pt

complex functions
expressed in words (e.g.
Find the inputs of simple

functions expressed in
words by using the output

complex functions and
inputs using inverse
operations
Generate four quadrant

coordinate pairs of simple
linear functions
Express simple functions in
symbols
Express simple functions in

symbols
Use function notation
Plot graphs of linear

functions in four quadrants
Investigate relationships
between the linear
function and gradient of
the graph
Find f(x) + g(x), 2f(x), f(3x)

etc algebraically
Interpret the succession of

two functions as a
'composite function' e.g
Find the inverse of gf(x)
Interpret the succession of

two functions as a
'composite function' e.g
Find the inverse of a linear
function


Plot a simple distance-time

graph (straight-line graphs)
Discuss and interpret line

graphs and graphs of
functions from a range of
sources
Plot a coordinate in the

four quadrants
Draw and use graphs to

solve distance-time
problems.
Plot and draw graphs of y =
a, x = a, y = x and y = -x
Plot and draw graphs of y =

a, x = a, y = x and y = -x

straight lines using a table
of values
Make connections with the

gradient of the graph and
speed
Discuss and interpret linear

and non linear graphs from
a range of sources
Start to explore the

gradient of lines of shapes
such as squares and
rectangles drawn on a
coordinate grid e.g. sides
which are parallel have
equal gradients

linear functions in the form
y = mx + c in four
quadrants
using a table of values (use
intercept and gradient)

of a line parallel to a given
line
Without drawing the

graphs, compare and
contrast features of graphs
such as y = 4x, y = 4x + 6, y
= x + 6, y = -4x, y= x - 6
Identify parallel lines from

their equations

how one variable changes
speed of individual
sections, total distance and
total time
Find the coordinates of the

midpoint of a line from
coordinates using a
formula
where y is given explicitly
in terms of x, e.g. y = x, y =
2x, y = 3x are all straight

Find the gradient of lines

where the scale of the x
and y axes are different
Rearrange linear functions

to give y explicitly in terms
of x and compare their and
contrast features e.g.
compare y = 3x + 2 and y +
3x = 2

gradient from an equation
ax+by=c
turning points of a
quadratic graph

graphs of simple quadratic
functions, then more
general functions
Find approximate solutions

of a quadratic equation
from the graph of the
corresponding quadratic
function

of x and compare their
features e.g. compare y =
3x + 2 and y + 3x = 2

of x and compare their
features e.g. compare y =
3x + 2 and y + 3x = 2

straight-line from its graph

Explore inverse graphs of

non linear functions
Interpret velocity time

graphs and calcuate the
acceleration of individual
sections by calculating
gradients
speed of individual
sections, total distance and
total time

Find the coordinates of the

point of intersection of a
line and a curve, A and B,
and calculate the length of
AB
using a table of values
where the equation is
given in the form ax+by=c

straight-line from its graph

using a table of values
where the equation is
given in the form ax+by=c
Sketch a graph of a
Find the maximum or

minimum value of a cubic
function by plotting the
graph

reciprocal graph when
coordinate pairs are given
Find the coordinate of the

midpoint of a line where
the coordinates are given
as algebraic expressions
Sketch a graph of a
Know that a quadratic

where b2 = 4ac will have
one root, b2 > 4ac will have
two roots and b2 < 4ac will
have no real roots

line through one point
with a given gradient

line through two given
points

of a line perpendicular to a
given line

straight line graph and
generate equations of lines
parallel and perpendicular
to the given line
Generate equations of
straight line graphs parallel
and perpendicular to a line
given by two points.
Plot graphs of the
exponential function y = k-x
for integer values of x and
positive values of k

y = -f(x)
y = f(-x)
cosine functions

y = -f(x)
y = f(-x)
cosine functions
Write the function of a

graph after a
transformation

y = -f(x)
y = f(-x)
cosine functions
Use pythagoras theorem
to show that the formula
that the formular for a
circle is x² + y² = r²
Explore the gradient of the

radius of a circle and the
gradient of the tangent of
a circle at a given point

linear or non-linear graphs,
and estimate the gradient
of a quadratic or non-
linear graph at a given
point by sketching the
tangent and finding its
gradient

tangent of linear or non-
linear graph by sketching

linear or non-linear graphs,
and estimate the gradient
of a quadratic or non-
linear graph at a given
point by sketching the
tangent and finding its
gradient
Use the fact of the periodic
nature of trigonometric
graphs to find sin, cos and
tan of any angle
Given points that lie on the

graph of an exponential
function such as y = abx ,
find the values of a and b
Sketch a graph of a
Show inequalities on a
number line
Write down whole number

values that satisfy an
inequality
Represent the solution set

for inequalities using set
notation
Solve more complex linear

and represent the solution
on a number line e.g. -6 <
2n+4 or -9 < 2n + 3 < 7

two variables algebraically
Solve more complex
inequalities involving
squares e.g. x² > 16 by
thinking about positive and
negative values of x
Solve quadratic
inequalities in one
variable, by factorising and
sketching the graph to find
critical values

two variables graphically

graphing quadratic
Use algebra to support and

construct arguments
Use algebra to support and

construct arguments

'show that' questions using
consecutive integers (n, n+
1), squares a², b², even
numbers 2n, and odd
numbers 2n + 1
Answer more complex
proof questions which
involve manipulation of
algebraic fractions
Generate terms of a simple

sequence using term to
term rules like +3, -2

complex sequence arising

position in a sequence like
tenth number in 4 × table
is 40 (one operation on n)
Generate terms of a simple

sequence arising from
practical contexts

complex sequence arising

position in a sequence like
tenth number in 4 × table
is 40 (one operation on n)
Find a term of a practical
sequence given its position
in the sequence

should continue and test
Generate terms of a linear

sequence using position to
term with positive
integers.
Generate terms of a linear

sequence using position to
term with positive
integers.


sequence using term-to-
term rules


'show that' questions using
consecutive integers (n, n+
1), squares a², b², even
numbers 2n, and odd
numbers 2n + 1
Identify if a term will be in

a sequence
Recognise geometric
sequences
Begin to use formal

term in an arithmetic
sequence.
Begin to use formal

term in an arithmetic
sequence.


sequence using position-
to-term rules

form T(n) = an2
Distinguish between
arithmetic and geometric
sequences
Continue a quadratic
sequence and use the nth
By looking at the spatial

patterns of triangular
numbers, deduce that the
Distinguish between
sequences
Use finite/infinite and

ascending/ descending to
describe sequences
Use inverse function
machines to find whether
a number is a term of a
sequence

form n² ,an², an² ± b, an² ±
bn ± c,
Identify which terms

cannot be in a sequence
Find the nth term of an

sequence

geometric progression
Find whether a term is in a

quadratic sequence by
finding the nth term
Identify sequences that

converge or diverge
Use input/output diagrams
Use arithmetic operations

with algebra
Know that expressions can

be written in more than
one way, e.g. 2 × 3 + 2 × 7
= 2(3 + 7)

situation


involving surds and
algebraic fractions

involving surds and
algebraic fractions
a + b √3

Write and solve

simultaneous equations to
represent a situation

to simultaneous equations
formed from one linear
function and one non-
linear ( quadratic or circle)
function using a graphical
approach
Set up and solve a pair of
simultaneous equations in
two variables
Write and solve

simultaneous equations to

approach

approach
Solve exactly, by
elimination of an
unknown, linear/x² + y² = r²
Solve exactly, by
elimination of an
unknown, linear/quadratic

solving simultaneous
equations involving linear
and non-linear function
and then finding the length
of the line between the
two points

know that the sum of
outcomes is 1

know that the sum of
outcomes is 1
Find the probability of an

event occuring for
mutually exclusive events
when some probabilities
are given, e.g. calculating
missing probabilities from
a table
Calculate the probability of

an event occuring from
given information and
estimate the number of
times the event will occur
given the number fo trials
Compare relative
frequencies from samples
of different sizes
Know that with an increase

in sample size the
probability becomes more
accurate
two events are
independent
two events are
independent
two events are
independent

two successive events with
two outcomes in each
event

the final event of a set of
mutually exclusive events.

the final event of a set of
mutually exclusive events.

from frequency tables and
two-way tables
Understand selection with
or without replacement

calculate probability

simple situations (looking
at more than one
outcome) - how many
successes would you
expect?

times an event will occur,
given the probability and

applying to two step
outcomes, e.g. spin a
spinner twice and total the
two numbers. Which total
is the most likely?
Identify if a game is fair by

comparing relative
frequencies
Mark events and/or

probabilities on a

exhaustive set of outcomes
sum to 1
Relate the vobulary of

probability with the
probability scale from 0 - 1
Write probabilities as
percentages

in sample size the
accurate

in sample size the
accurate
from two-way tables
Know that if the

probability of an event is p,
the probability of it not
occurring is 1-p

calculate the probability of
two independent events

Calculate probabilities
using theoretical models of
outcomes

from two-way tables and
Venn diagrams
Find a missing probability

from a list or two-way
table including algebraic
terms
Draw a frequency tree

based on information
given which involves
finding fractions and/or
percentages of an amount
and/or using ratio
Record outcomes of events
in a Venn Diagram
Extend to using the

probabilities to calculate
the probability of a certain
outcome if the event is
repeated

calculate the probability of
two dependent events

calculate conditional
probability

probability
Use venn diagrams to

probability
Calculate probabilities
without replacement
two events are
independent
Understand which
representation is most
appropriate for the data
being presented
Identify which graphs are

the most useful in the

Interpret and discuss data

information in a range of
graphs
Use the relationship of

variables on scatter graphs
to find approximate values
(use the line of best fit)
Choose and justify

graphs and charts, using
ICT as appropriate, to
Interpret data in a simple
table
Extract data and interpret

frequency tables

frequency tables

frequency tables
Calculate the mean of a set

of data

line graphs
Interpret simple diagrams

and charts
Interpret simple diagrams
and charts
Compare and interpret bar

- line graphs
Construct complex bar

graphs (should be
compound)
Choose and justify

graphs and charts, using
ICT as appropriate, to

diagrams which are
misleading (with false
etc.)

diagrams which are
etc.)

frequency tables
Calculate the mean of a set
of data

using ICT simple pie charts
using categorical data - e.g.
two or three categories
Construct equal class

data

tables for discrete and
grouped data

using ICT simple pie charts
using categorical data - e.g.
two or three categories
Interpret pie charts and

line graphs taking into
account different sized
samples
Use more complex two
way tables
Identify where boundary

data would go for different
use of inequalities.
Discrete and continuous
data.
Design tables recording

discrete and continuous
data

tables for discrete and
grouped data

diagrams which are
etc.)

Criticise questions for a
questionnaire
Explore the qualities of a

'good' question for a
questionnaire
Make inferences about

data through extracting
information from a two
way table
Compare grouped
frequency tables and
identify best class intervals
for grouping data with
reasons
Compare the median,

mode and range from a
back to back stem and leaf
diagram
Use more complex two

way tables
Construct two way tables

to solve problems (the
table is not given)
Know the appropriate use
of Histograms
Construct cumulative
frequency tables
Construct cumulative
frequency graphs
Interpret cumulative
frequency graphs
Use cumulative frequency

graphs to construct box
plots
Use and understand

frequency density
Construct and interpret

histograms from class
intervals with unequal
width
From a histogram
complete a grouped
frequency table
Extend to problems
involving partial histogram
and table of values given
other information) from a
histogram with unequal
class width
Find the range of a small

set of data.
Find the mode and range

for a small set of discrete
data
Compare the mode and

range of two small sets of
discrete data
Compare two simple

distributions using the
range and the median
Find the modal class of a

set of continuous data
Compare two simple

Compare two simple

Compare the modal class
of the same set of data in
two different grouped
frequency tables with
differing class intervals
Find the mean, median,

bar chart
Find the mean, median,

bar chart
Calculate the mean from a

simple frequency table
Compare two simple

range and the mean
Calculate the mean from a

grouped frequency table
appropriate to use range,
mean ,median or mode in

given summary statistics in
simple cases.
Interpret data from

compound and

simple cases.
Understand that the

frequency represented by
corresponding sectors in
two pie charts is
dependent upon the total
populations represented
by each of the pie charts

more complex cases.
appropriate to use mean,
median or mode in more
complex cases (put in
extreme values)

more complex cases.
Interpret data from more

complex compound and
Identify and explain

anomalies (outliers) in a
data set
Recognise the advantages

and disadvantages
between measures of
average

eye and understand what
they represent
Explore the effect of an

outlier on the median of a
data set
grouped data using the
mid-interval value

grouped data using the
mid-interval value
Compare the median,

back to back stem and leaf
diagram
Compare the mean,

median, mode and range
as appropriate of two
distributions
Criticically examine and

compare two pie-charts
with different total
frequencies
Compare the mean,

distributions
Compare the mean,
distributions

spread between a pair of
box plots/cumulative
frequency graphs
Find the median, quartiles

and interquartile range for
large data sets with
grouped data

spread between a pair of
box plots/cumulative
frequency graphs
Compare median and

inter-quartile range of two
distributions
calculate mean and range
and find median and mode
Compare the mean,

distributions
Compare median and
inter-quartile range of two
distributions
Compare distributions and

make inferences, using the
shapes of distributions and
measures of average and
spread, including median
and quartiles
Solve problems using

cumulative frequency
graphs e.g. using
percentages when the
total frequency is not 100

other information) from a
histogram with unequal
class width
Know that the median is

equal to the mean for a
perfectly symmetrical
histogram
Decide on a suitable
sample size for a
population

of data may be biased
Criticise questions and
response boxes from a
questionnaire

of data may be biased
Understand primary and

secondary data sources
Decide what data to collect

and what analysis is
needed
Write questionnaire
bias, on timing and
location of survey to
ensure sample is
representative
Write questionnaire
bias, on timing and
ensure sample is
representative
Write questionnaire
bias, on timing and
ensure sample is
representative

method to investigate a
sampling
Use random numbers to
get a sample

method to investigate a
sampling

terms of proportion,
fraction, percentage or
ratio
Use stratified sampling

when conducting surveys

eye and understand what
they represent
Distinguish between
positive, negative and zero
correlation using lines of
best fit
Understand that
correlation does not imply
causality
Understand that
correlation does not imply
causality
terms of the problem
Appreciate that correlation

is a measure of the
strength of the association
between two variables and
that zero correlation does
not necessarily imply 'no
Use a line of best fit, or

otherwise, to predict
values of one variable
given values of the other
variable
Interpolate and
trends whilst knowing the
dangers of doing so
Interpolate and
dangers of doing so
Interpolate and
dangers of doing so
Use rounding to the

number, e.g. 62 to 63
Use a protractor to
measure obtuse angles to
the nearest degree
Check a result by
considering if it is of the
right order of magnitude
Use a protractor to
measure reflex angles to
the nearest degree
obtuse angles to the
nearest degree

reflex angles to the nearest
degree
Measure shapes to find

(perimeters and) and areas
where conversion between
mm and cm is needed.

reflex angles to the nearest
degree

language associated with
bearings
Use bearing to specify

direction

bearing from the point A

bearing from the point A
Use accurate drawing to

solve bearings problems
Given the bearing of point
A from point B, work out
the bearing of B from A
Use accurate drawing to

solve bearings problems
involving multiple journeys
given as bearings.
Identify parallel lines

that have a specific
property

property
Identify perpendicular lines
Recognise and use

vertically opposite angles
Use correct notation for
labelling triangles
Distinguish between acute,

obtuse and reflex angles
Begin to estimate the size

of angles
Identify right-angles in
polygons.

properties of equilateral
and isosceles triangles
Solve angle problems in

right angled triangles
Recognise and use
vertically opposite angles
Use vertically opposite

angles and construct and
solve equations.
Derive and use the sum of

angles in a triangle and a
quadrilateral
Use the sum of angles in

triangles and quadrilaterals
to find missing angle
values.
Use the sum of the

exterior angles of any
polygon is 360°
Calculate one of the

exterior angles of a regular
polygon and use it to
calculate the interior
angle.
Construct algebraic
equations using properties
of angles, of parallel and
intersecting lines, and of
triangles and other
polygons.
Use fact that alternate and

corresponding angles are
equal to find missing
angles on parallel lines.
Use fact that co-interior

angles sum to 180° to find
missing angles on parallel
lines.
Use the sum of the interior

angles of an n-sided
polygon
Calculate the interior

angles of polygons
Use the sum of the interior

angles of an n-sided
polygon
Identify the number of
sides of a n-sided polygon
given the sum of the
interior angles.
Calculate the interior

angles of polygons where
angles are given as
algebraic expressions.
Solve more difficult angle

problems involving more
than one regular polygon.

measured in square
centimetres

and area of shapes made
from rectangles

the area of parallelograms
Use nets to calculate the

surface area of simple
cuboids

of cubes, without a net
Drawing shapes given the

perimeter and area.
Calculate the area of more
complex shapes made
from rectangles
Given the area of a

rectangle, identify possible
lengths and widths.

of simple cuboids (without
use of nets)
Calculate perimeters and

areas of compound shapes
made from rectangles and
triangles

of right prisms

the area of triangles
Use the volume of a cube

and a cuboid to calculate
the volume of shapes
made from cubes and
cuboids.
Deduce and use the

formula for the area of a
parallelogram
Calculate the height or

width of a triangle given its
area.
Deduce the area of a right

trapezium using the area
of a triangle and rectangle.
Calculate the area of more
complex shapes made
from rectangles and
triangles.
Begin to formalise proof of

area of a parallelogram
using algebra.
Given the length of the

parallel sides on a
trapezium and the area,
calculate the height.
Begin to formalise proof of

area of a trapezium using
algebra.

of right prisms

circumference and area of
a circle
Find the perimeters of

semicircles and quarter
circles
Find the areas of

semicircles and quarter
circles
Calculate the missing
length of a cuboid when
two lengths and the
volume is given.
Calculate the lengths and

areas given the volumes in
right prisms
Find the surface area of

simple shapes (prisms)
using the formulae for
triangles and rectangles,
and other shapes
Calculate the lengths,

areas and volumes in
cylinders
Calculate the height of a

cylinder given the radius of
its base and volume.
Given the perimeter or

area of a semi-circle,
calcuate the radius or
diameter
Deduce a formula for the

length of an arc and area
of a sector by looking at
the angle of the sector.
Use algebra to construct

an expression for the
surface area of simple
shapes
examples of solids in
everyday use

length of arcs to solve
problems.
Use the formulae for areas

of sectors to solve
problems.
Use pythagoras and

trigonometry to find
unknown lengths that can
be used to calculate
volume of 3D shapes.

and area of compound
shapes made from sectors
of circles.
Extend to applying
trigonometry to find
missing lengths in order to
calculate areas of
segments
Extend to leaving answers

in terms of ¿
Prove and use facts about

the angle subtended at the
centre and at the
circumference;
Prove and use the
alternate segment
theorem
Prove and use the

alternate segment
theorem
Prove and use the

alternate segment
theorem
Prove and use the

alternate segment
theorem
Give reasons for angle and

length calculations
involving the use of
tangent theorems
Solve complex problems to

find angle sizes explaining
reasons using correct
mathematical language
and identifying the correct
circle theorem

sizes using mathematical
language
Know that triangles given

SSS, SAS, ASA or RHS are
unique, but that triangles
given SSA or AAA are not.
Identify congruent shapes
Identify similar shapes.
Recognise that
enlargement maps objects
on to similar images
Begin to use congruency to

solve simple problems in
Begin to use congruency to

solve simple problems in
Identify regular and

irregular polygons
Use similarity to solve

Being to prove that two

triangles are congruent
Use similarity to solve
Use simple examples of

the relationship between
enlargement and areas
and volumes of simple
shapes and solids

and volumes of similar
shapes and solids
Recognise the effect of

enlargement on the area
of the image
Solve more complex

problems involving the
area and volume for
similar solids e.g. given the
volumes of similar shapes,
calculate the scale factor
to find surface areas

cuboid
cuboid

and vertex
everyday 2-D situations
involving rectangles,
triangles, perpendicular
and parallel lines

properties of shapes made
from cuboids
Construct accurate scale

drawings of everyday 2-D
situations involving
rectangles, triangles,
perpendicular and parallel
lines

shapes - regular
polyhedra

angle, side and symmetry

nets of 3D shapes including
irregular polyhedra.
of 3-D shapes
Construct simple nets of

3D shapes - regular
polyhedra

compass to construct the
perpendicular from a point
on a line segment
Construct more complex


Analyse 3-D shapes

through cross-sections,

of 3-D shapes
Draw 3-D shapes on

isometric paper given their
triangle, given right angle,

triangle, given right angle,
Construct angles of 60°,

90°, 30°, 45°
Construct an equilateral
triangle

the locus of a point that

the locus of a point that
Produce shapes and paths
by using descriptions of
loci
Understand that a locus in

3D can be a plane or
curved surface and extend
understanding of loci to
include 3D problems, e.g.
know that all the points
equidistant from a single
point in space form the
surface of a sphere
Understand how standard

constructions using
straight edge and
compasses relate to the
properties of two
intersecting circles with
equal radii
Understand that a locus in

3D can be a plane or
curved surface and extend
understanding of loci to
include 3D problems, e.g.
know that all the points
equidistant from a single
point in space form the
surface of a sphere
Investigate which regular

polygons with less than 10
sides can be constructed
with a straight edge and
compasses
Identify the region
satisfying certain
conditions in 3D
Investigate which regular

polygons with less than 10
sides can be constructed
with a straight edge and
compasses

measured in square
centimetres
Record estimates to a
suitable degree of accuracy
Use units of measurement

to estimate and solve
problems in everyday
contexts involving length,
area, volume, mass, time
and angle
Work out time intervals

and represent in different
units of time e.g. hours,
hours and minutes,
minutes
Choose suitable metric
units to estimate length
and area.
Use units of measurement

to estimate and solve
problems in everyday
contexts involving length,
area, volume, mass, time
and angle

involving units of
measurement in the
context of length and area

involving units of
measurement in the
context of length and area
Round measurements to
the nearest whole number,
1 decimal place
Solve more complex

problems involving units of
measurement including
volume
Draw parallel lines

Identify equal angles when
a transversal crosses a set
of parallel lines

using straight-forward
algebraic manipulation,
tangent ratios)

Pythagoras' theorem and
use to find a shorter side
Use and apply Pythagoras'

theorem to solve problems
Understand, recall and use

problems
using more complex
algebraic manipulation,
e.g. the hypotenuse (using
cosine or sine), or adjacent
(using the tangent ratio)
Understand, recall and use

problems
Use the appropriate ratio

to find a length, or angle,
and hence solve a two-
dimensional problem
sin Ѳ and cos Ѳ for Ѳ =
0°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90°;
know the exact value of
tan Ѳ for Ѳ= 0°, 30°, 45°
and 60° Ѳ

line and a plane (but not
the angle between two
skew lines)
Use the trigonometric

ratios to solve 3-D
problems

ratios to solve 3-D
problems
Solve more complex 3-D

problems involving using
the trigonometric ratios
ratios to solve 3-D
problems
Tessellate combinations of
polygons
Identify quadrilaterals
from everyday usage
Identify quadrilaterals
from everyday usage
Recognise reflection
symmetry
Recognise rotational
symmetry
Use correct notation for

labelling triangles
Calculate angles in a
triangle

property
Identify interior and

exterior angles in a shape
Know that the

perpendicular distance
from a point to a line is the
shortest distance to the
line
Draw or complete
diagrams with a given
number of lines of
symmetry
Calculate angles in
iscosceles triangles
Solve simple geometrical

problems using properties
of triangles
Solve simple geometrical
problems using properties
of quadrilaterals
Solve problems and

explain reasoning using
correct geometrical
language
Identify the line and

rotational symmetry of
regular and irregular
polygons
Recognise and visualise the

symmetry of a 3-D shape:
plane symmetry
Find the centre of rotation
Find the centre of rotation
Plot points determined by

including lines of
symmetry
Find coordinates in all 4
quadrants determined by
including lines of
symmetry

properties of equilateral,
triangles

circle

similar, including all
regular polygons with

properties of equilateral,
triangles

angle, side and symmetry

property
Draw circles and arcs to a

given radius
Construct angles of 60°,
90°, 30°, 45°

Pythagoras' theorem and
use to find the hypotenuse

circle

given radius

given diameter
Know that the

perpendicular from the
centre to the chord bisects
the chord.
Know that the

perpendicular from the
centre to the chord bisects
the chord.
Construct the
chord using a ruler and
compass
Solve problems using the
properties of circles and
tangents
Derive the fact that base

angles of isosceles
triangles are equal
Complete a formal
geometric proof of
similarity of two given
triangles

shapes and solids

reflection in a mirror line
of a 2-D shape

language associated with
reflections

reflection in a mirror line
of a 2-D shape

Reflect a shape in a given
mirror line
Use vector notation for

translations

translations

point (rotation point must

point where the rotation
point is within the shape
Know that combinations of

translations, rotations and
reflections preserve length
and angle
Explore enlargement using

ICT

centre of enlargement and
a fractional scale factor
Find the centre of
enlargement
Find the centre of

enlargement
Find the centre of

enlargement
Describe a transformation

combined translations

combined translations
Enlarge 2D shapes, given a

negative, fractional scale
factor
Describe a single
transformation after
combined transformations
Describe reflections in the

line y = x and y = -x
Describe reflections on a
coordinate grid
Describe reflections on a
coordinate grid
Describe transformations
of 2-D shapes by simple
combinations of rotations,
reflections and
translations, using ICT (e.g.
rotation or translation,
0))
Describe transformations
of 2D shapes by a more
complex combinations of
translations, e.g. a
reflection, followed by a
rotation etc
Recognise the effect of

enlargement on the area
of the image

rules to solve 2-D and 3-D
problems

rule a² = b² + c² - 2bc cos
A to find unknown angles

problems

problems

problems
Plot graphs of sin Ѳ and
cos Ѳ

rules to solve more
complex problems in 2-D
and 3-D

two vectors
Prove lines are

parallel/colinear
Prove lines are

parallel/colinear
Solve geometrical
problems in 2-D using
vector methods
Apply vector methods for


more complex geometrical
proofs e.g. proving three
points are on the same
straight line
Divide a quantity into more

than two parts in a given
ratio
Use the unitary method to

solve more complex word
problems involving ratio
and direct proportion

context
Interpret and write ratios

involve ratio, fractions and
percentages

context
Interpret and write ratios

Write a ratio as a linear

function
Use ratios written as linear

functions to solve
problems

problems involving
compound measures and
converting between units

problems involving
constant rates e.g. volume
and rate of filling a tank

problems involving
compound measures and
converting between units


involve converting one
metric unit to another, e.g.
compare weights of
objects given in different
units

involve converting one
metric unit to another, e.g.
compare weights of
objects given in different
units

converting between
imperial and metric units
e.g. distance between two
towns in 120 miles, speed
of a car is 60 km/h,
calculate the time

area measures and
imperial area measures
e.g. convert between
metres and acre

measures of capacity and
imperial measures of
capacity e.g. litres and
pints
Solve problems using
length, area and volume
ratios
Extend to simple
measures (e.g. convert 2
m/s to km/hr)

measures (e.g. convert
from km/h to miles/h)

and imperial measures

converting between
imperial and metric units
e.g. distance between two
towns in 120 miles, speed
of a car is 60 km/h,
calculate the time
Use expressions of the

form y α x

form y α x²
Recognise graphs showing
constant rates of change,
average rates of change
and variable rates of
change
Interpret the gradient of a

straight line graph as a rate
of change

to solve word and other
problems involving direct

form y α x²


form y α 1/x²

inverse proportionality,
including problems where
y is inversely proportional
to the square of x
quantity from quantities
inverse proportion

Set up and use more

complex equations to solve
word and other problems
involving inverse
proportion
Develop an understanding
of equivalence in fractions;
1/2s, 1/3s, 1/4s, 1/5s, 1/6s,
1/8s, 1/10s
Write fractions in their

simplest form
Make links between

fractions and ratios
Compare and order

fractions
Solve two-step word

problems involving ratios
Recognise sketch and
interpret graphs of
exponential functions y =
kxfor positive values of k
and integer values of x
Given points that lie on the

graph of an exponential
function such as y = abx ,
find the values of a and b

graphs of simple
exponential functions e.g.
y = 2x
Use percentages in real-life

situations: compound
interest, depreciation,

Solve more complex

problems involving
repeated compound
percentage change
Understand direct
proportion as equality of
ratios
Identify direct proportion

from a table of values by
comparing ratios of values

inverse proportion using
graphs by plotting and

ratio and proportion
problems

ratio and proportion
problems
quantity from quantities
inverse proportion
Calculate simple
percentages
Recall equivalent fractions,

including for fractions that
are greater than 1. Match
across all 3 types, and
need to be simple fractions
(1/2, 1/4, 1/5, 1/10)
Express one quantity as a

Extend to using
percentages to compare
more difficult proportions
e.g. 2/5, 3/10, 11/25
Use percentages to
compare simple
proportions
Express one quantity as a


using percentages,

situations: VAT, value of
profit or loss, simple
calculations
finding a percentage of an
amount by using
equivalent fractions and
decimals
Find the outcome after

repeated given
percentages increases
Find the outcome after

repeated given
percentages decreases

given the final amount
using percentages,
Extend to calculating
simple percentage profit
and loss
Use the unitary method for

an inverse operation, e.g. If
I know an item was 80% of
the original cost in a sale,
find the original price

situations: VAT, value of
profit or loss, simple
calculations
Use compound interest
and depreciation to solve
real life problems


after repeated percentage
change

after repeated percentage
change
scale diagram

scale diagram
Use bearing to specify

direction
Use and interpret maps

and scale drawings, using a
variety of scales and units
Use and interpret scale

drawings, where scales use
mixed units, and drawings
aren't done on squared
paper, but have
measurements marked on
them.
Solve problems using scale

drawings e.g. calculate the
area of the park on a map
Understand the
implications of
enlargement for perimeter
Solve problems finding

missing lengths on similar
right-angled triangles
Understand the
implications of
enlargement for area
shapes by finding the scale
factor of enlargement

shapes by finding the scale
factor of enlargement
Calculate the scale factor

given the areas of two
similar shapes
Solve more complex

problems finding missing
lengths on similar triangles
Given the volume of two

similar shapes, find the
area and length scale
factors
Identify equivalent ratios

in different units

in fractions or decimals
Write ratios in the form 1:
m or m: 1
Write ratios in the form 1:

m or m: 1
Solve best buy problems

by writing ratios in the
form 1: m or m: 1
GCSE Edexcel Maths 2015 Specification Reference
N15: round numbers and measures to an appropriate degree of

accuracy (e.g. to a specified number of decimal places or
significant figures ); use inequality notation to specify simple error
intervals due to truncation or rounding.


N16: apply and interpret limits of accuracy, including upper and

lower bounds

lower bounds
lower bounds


lower bounds

lower bounds
N2: apply the four operations, including formal written methods,

to integers, decimals and simple fractions (proper and improper)
and mixed numbers - all both positive and negative; understand
and use place value ( e.g. when working with very large or very
small numbers and when calculating with decimals)









N3: recognise and use relationships between operations,

including inverse operations (e.g. cancellation to simplify
calculations and expressions); use conventional notation for
priority of operations, including brackets, powers, roots and
reciprocals






reciprocals

reciprocals

reciprocals
N1: order positive and negative integers, decimals and fractions;

use the symbols =, ≠, <, >, ≤, ≥











reciprocals

reciprocals
reciprocals

reciprocals

reciprocals

reciprocals













reciprocals

reciprocals






reciprocals

reciprocals

reciprocals



reciprocals
reciprocals

reciprocals

reciprocals

reciprocals

reciprocals
N5: Apply systematic listing strategies, including use of the

product rule for counting (i.e. if there are m ways of doing a task
and for each of these, there are n ways of doing another task,
then the total number of ways the two tasks can be done is m x n
ways
N5: Apply systematic listing strategies, including use of the
product rule for counting (i.e. if there are m ways of doing a task
and for each of these, there are n ways of doing another task,
then the total number of ways the two tasks can be done is m x n
ways
N13: use standard units of mass, length, time, money and other
measures (including standard compound measures) using decimal
quantities where appropriate




N4: Use the concepts and vocabulary of prime numbers, factors

(divisors), multiples, common factors, common multiples, highest
common factor, lowest common multiple, prime factorisation,
including using product notation and the unique factorisation
theorem

theorem

theorem

theorem

theorem
theorem

theorem

theorem

theorem

theorem

theorem

theorem
theorem

theorem

theorem

theorem

theorem

theorem

theorem
theorem

theorem

theorem



N10:work interchangeably with terminating decimals and their

corresponding fractions ( such as 3.5 and 7/2 or 0.375 or 3/8);
change recurring decimals into their corresponding fractions and
vice versa

vice versa

vice versa

vice versa

vice versa
vice versa

vice versa

vice versa

vice versa

vice versa
N12: interpret fractions and percentages as operators

N6: use positive integer powers and associated real roots (square,
cube and higher), recognise powers of 2, 3, 4, 5 ; estimate powers
and roots of any given positive number
N7: calculate with roots, and with integer and fractional indices






vice versa








N11: identify and work with fractions in ratio problems
N14: estimate answers; check calculations using approximation

and estimation , including answers obtained using technology







N9: calculate with and interpret standard form A × 10n, where 1 ≤

A < 10 and n is an integer






N8: Calculate exactly with surds and multiples of π ; simplify surd

expressions involving squares (e.g. √12 = √(4 × 3) = √4 × √3 = 2√3)
and rationalise denominators



A17: Solve linear equations in one unknown algebraically

(including those with the unknown on both sides of the
equation); find approximate solutions using a graph
A21: Translate simple situations or procedures into algebraic
expressions or formulae; derive an equation (or two simultaneous
equations), solve the equation(s) and interpret the solution.







A20: find approximate solutions to equations numerically using

iteration

iteration
iteration


A18: solve quadratic equations (including those that require

rearrangement) algebraically by factorising; by completing the
square and by using the quadratic formula; find approximate
solutions using a graph



A4: simplify and manipulate algebraic expressions (including

algebraic fractions ) by:
- collecting like terms
- multiplying a single term over a bracket
- taking out common factors
- expanding products of two or more binomials
- factorising quadratic expressions of the form x2 + bx + c,
including the difference of two squares; factorising quadratic
expressions of the form ax2 + bx + c
- simplifying expressions involving sums, products and powers,
including the laws of indices



A2: substitute numerical values into formulae and expressions

including scientific formulae
A7: where appropriate, interpret simple expressions as functions
with inputs and outputs; interpret the reverse process as the
‘inverse function’; interpret the succession of two functions as a
'composite function' ( the use of formal function notation is
expected)


A3: understand and use the concepts and vocabulary of

expressions, equations, formulae, identities , inequalities, terms
and factors

and factors

and factors

and factors
A5: understand and use standard mathematical formulae;

rearrange formulae to change the subject



and factors

and factors

and factors



and factors

and factors












expected)

expected)

expected)

expected)
expected)

expected)

expected)

expected)

expected)

expected)

expected)
expected)
A8: work with coordinates in all four quadrants
A14: Plot and interpret graphs (including reciprocal graphs and

exponential graphs ) and graphs of non-standard functions in real
contexts to find approximate solutions to problems such as
simple kinematic problems involving distance, speed and
acceleration

acceleration

acceleration

acceleration
A9: plot graphs of equations that corresond to straight-line

graphs in the coordinate plane; use the form y = mx + c to identify
parallel lines and perpendicular lines; find the equation of the line
through two given points or through one point and a given
gradient

acceleration

acceleration

gradient
gradient

gradient
A10: identify and interpret gradients and intercepts of linear

functions graphically and algebraically


acceleration

acceleration

gradient

gradient



A11: Identify and interpret roots, intercepts, turning points of
quadratic functions graphically; deduce roots algebraically and
turning points by completing the square
A12: recognise, sketch and interpret graphs of linear, quadratic,

simple cubic, reciprocal and exponential functions and the
trigonometric functions (in degrees) for sin, cos and tan


gradient

gradient



acceleration

acceleration
A15: Calculate or estimate gradients of graphs and areas under

graphs (including quadratic and other non-linear graphs), and
interpret results in cases such as distance-time graphs, velocity-
time graphs and graphs in financial contexts (this does not include
calculus)


gradient

gradient




acceleration



gradient

gradient

gradient

gradient

gradient

A13: sketch translations and reflections of a given function

A16: recognise and use the equation of a circle with centre at the
origin; find the equation of a tangent to a circle at a given point

calculus)

calculus)

acceleration

A22: solve linear inequalities in one or two variable(s) , and

quadratic inequalities in one variable ; represent the solution set
on a number line, using set notation and on a graph







A6: Know the difference between an equation and an identity;

argue mathematically to show algebraic expressions are
equivalent, and use algebra to support and construct arguments
and proofs

and proofs

and proofs
A23: generate terms of a sequence from either a term-to-term or

a position-to-term rule


A24: Recognise and use sequences of triangular, square and cube

numbers, simple arithmetic progressions, Fibonacci type
sequences, quadratic sequences, and simple geometric
progressions (rn where n is an integer, and r is a rational number
> 0 or a surd) and other sequences







A25: deduce expressions to calculate the nth term of linear and

quadratic sequences




quadratic sequences

quadratic sequences


quadratic sequences

quadratic sequences





expected)




quadratic sequences

quadratic sequences

iteration
A1: Use and interpret algebraic manipulation, including:
- ab in place of a x b
- 3y in place of y+y+ y and 3 x y
- a2 in place of a x a, a3 in place of a x a x a, a2b in place of a x a x b
- a/b in place of a ÷ b
- coefficients written as fractions rather than decimals
- brackets

- brackets

- brackets

- brackets
- brackets

- brackets



A19: solve two simultaneous equations in two variables

(linear/linear or linear/quadratic) algebraically; find approximate






P4: Apply the property that the probabilities of an exhaustive set

of outcomes sum to one; apply the property that the probabilities
of an exhaustive set of mutually exclusive events sum to one


P5: understand that empirical unbiased samples tend towards

theoretical probability distributions, with increasing sample size

P9: Calculate and interpret conditional probabilities through

representation using expected frequencies with two-way tables,
tree diagrams and Venn diagrams


P6: enumerate sets and combinations of sets systematically, using

tables, grids, Venn diagrams and tree diagrams




P2: apply ideas of randomness, fairness and equally likely events

to calculate expected outcomes of multiple future experiments



P3: relate relative expected frequencies to theoretical probability,

using appropriate language and the 0-1 probability scale





P7: construct theorectical possibility spaces for single and

combined experiments with equally likely outcomes and use
these to calculate theoretical probabilities



P1: record, describe and analyse the frequency of outcomes of

probability experiments using tables and frequency trees



P8: calculate the probability of independent and dependent

combined events, including using tree diagrams and other
representations, and know the underlying assumptions





S5: apply statistics to describe a population
S2: interpret and construct tables, charts and diagrams, including

frequency tables, bar charts, pie charts and pictograms for
categorical data, vertical line charts for ungrouped discrete
numerical data, tables and line graphs for time series data and
know their appropriate use






























S3: construct and interpret diagrams for grouped discrete data
and continuous data, i.e. histograms with equal and unequal class
intervals and cumulative frequency graphs, and know their
appropriate use

appropriate use

appropriate use

appropriate use

appropriate use

appropriate use

appropriate use

appropriate use

appropriate use
appropriate use
S4: interpret, analyse and compare the distributions of data sets

from univariate empirical distributions through: appropriate
measures of central tendency (median, mean, mode and modal
class) and spread (range, including consideration of outliers,
quartiles and inter-quartile range)






































S1: infer properties of populations or distributions from a sample,

while knowing the limitations of sampling











S6: use and interpret scatter graphs of bivariate data; recognise

correlation and know that it does not indicate causation; draw
estimated lines of best fit; make predictions; interpolate and
extrapolate apparent trends while knowing the dangers of so
doing

doing

doing
doing

doing

doing

doing

doing
doing

doing

doing

doing
G15: measure line segments and angles in geometric figures,

including interpreting maps and scale drawings and use of
bearings

bearings

bearings

bearings
bearings

bearings

bearings

bearings

bearings

bearings

bearings

bearings

bearings
bearings

bearings
G3: apply the properties of angles at a point on a straight line,

vertically opposite angles; understand and use alternate and
corresponding angles on parallel lines; derive and use the sum of
angles in a triangle (e.g. to deduce and use the angle sum in any
polygon, and to derive properties of regular polygons).
G4: derive and apply the properties and definitions of special

types of quadrilaterals, including square, rectangle,
parallelogram, trapezium, kite and rhombus; and triangles and
other plane figures using appropriate language

G1: use conventional terms and notation: points, lines, vertices,

edges, planes, parallel lines, perpendicular lines, right angles,
polygons, regular polygons and polygons with reflection and/or
rotation symmetries; use the standard conventions for labelling
and referring to the sides and angles of triangles; draw diagrams
from written description


















G16: know and apply formulae to calculate: area of triangles,

parallelograms, trapezia; volume of cuboids and other right
prisms (including cylinders)


















G17: know the formulae: circumference of a circle = 2πr = πd ,

area of a circle = πr2; calculate: perimeters of 2D shapes,
including circles; areas of circles and composite shapes ; surface
area and volume of spheres, pyramids, cones and composite
solids

solids

solids





solids

solids

G18: calculate arc lengths, angles and areas of sectors of circles


solids
G10: apply and prove the standard circle theorems concerning

angles, radii, tangents and chords, and use them to prove related
results
results

results

results

results

results

results

results
G5: Use the basic congruence criteria for triangles (SSS, SAS, ASA,
RHS)
G19: apply the concepts of congruence and similarity, including
the relationships between lengths, in similar figures
RHS)
G7: identify, describe and construct congruent and similar shapes,

including on coordinate axes, by considering rotation, reflection,
translation and enlargement (including fractional and negative
scale factors)





RHS)



scale factors)

G12: identify properties of the faces, surfaces, edges and vertices

of: cubes, cuboids, prisms, cylinders, pyramids, cones and spheres



G2: use the standard ruler and compass constructions

(perpendicular bisector of a line segment, constructing a
perpendicular to a given line from/at a given point, bisecting a
given angle); use these to construct given figures and solve loci
problems; know that the perpendicular distance from a point to a
line is the shortest distance to the line



G13: construct and interpret plans and elevations of 3D shapes














G14: use standard units of measure and related concepts (length,

area, volume/capacity, mass, time, money, etc.)









G20: know the formulae for: Pythagoras’ theorem a2 + b2 = c2, and

the trigonometric ratios, sin θ = hypotenuse/opposite , cos θ =
hypotenuse/adjacent and tan θ = adjacent/opposite; apply them
to find angles and lengths in right-angled triangles and, where
possible, general triangles in two and three dimensional figures


























G11: solve geometrical problems on coordinate axes

G11: solve geometrical problems on coordinate axes






G9: identify and apply circle definitions and properties, including:

centre, radius, chord, diameter, circumference, tangent, arc,
sector and segment


sector and segment

sector and segment

sector and segment


sector and segment

sector and segment
sector and segment
G6: apply angle facts, triangle congruence, similarity and

properties of quadrilaterals to conjecture and derive results
about angles and sides, including Pythagoras’ theorem and the
fact that the base angles of an isosceles triangle are equal, and
use known results to obtain simple proofs



scale factors)

scale factors)

scale factors)

scale factors)
scale factors)

scale factors)

scale factors)

scale factors)

scale factors)
G8: describe the changes and invariance achieved by

combinations of rotations, reflections and translations
G8: describe the changes and invariance achieved by

combinations of rotations, reflections and translations

scale factors)
scale factors)

scale factors)

scale factors)

scale factors)

G24: describe translations as 2D vectors

scale factors)

scale factors)
scale factors)

scale factors)

scale factors)

scale factors)

scale factors)

scale factors)
scale factors)

scale factors)
G22: know and apply the sine rule a/sin A = b/sin B = c/sin C, and
cosine rule a2 = b2 + c2 – 2bc cos A, to find unknown lengths and
angles
angles
G23: know and apply Area = 1/2 ab sin C to calculate the area,
sides or angles of any triangle
angles
G23: know and apply Area = 1/2 ab sin C to calculate the area,
sides or angles of any triangle
G21:Know the exact values of sin θ and cos θ for θ = 0°, 30°, 45°,
60° and 90°; know the exact value of tan θ for θ = 0°, 30°, 45° and
60°
angles
G25: apply addition and subtraction of vectors, multiplication of

vectors by a scalar, and diagrammatic and column
representations of vectors; use vectors to construct geometric
arguments and proofs







R5: Divide a given quantity into two parts in a given part:part or

part: whole ratio; express the division of a quantity into two parts
as a ratio; apply ratio to real contexts and problems (such as
those involving conversion, comparison, scaling, mixing,
concentrations)

concentrations)

concentrations)

concentrations)
concentrations)

concentrations)
R8: Relate ratios to fractions and to linear functions

concentrations)
R8: Relate ratios to fractions and to linear functions
R1: Change freely between related standard units (e.g. time,

length, area, volume/capacity, mass) and compound units (e.g.
speed, rates of pay, prices, density, pressure) in algebraic
contexts
R11: use compound units such as speed, rates of pay, unit pricing,
density and pressure
R11: use compound units such as speed, rates of pay, unit pricing,
density and pressure
contexts

contexts

contexts

contexts

contexts

contexts

contexts
contexts

contexts

contexts

contexts

contexts
R10: solve problems involving direct and inverse proportion

including graphical and algebraic representations
R13: understand that X is inversely proportional to Y is equivalent

to X is proportional to 1/Y ; construct and interpret equations that
describe direct and inverse proportion
R14: Interpret the gradient of a straight line graph as a rate of
change; recognise and interpret graphs that illustrate direct and
inverse proportion

inverse proportion



inverse proportion




R3: Express one quantity as a fraction of another, where the

fraction is less than 1 or greater than 1




contexts
R15: interpret the gradient at a point on a curve as the

instantaneous rate of change; apply the concepts of average and
instantaneous rate of change (gradients of chords and tangents)
in numerical, algebraic and graphical contexts (this does not
include calculus)
R16: set up, solve and interpret the answers in growth and decay
problems, including compound interest and work with general
iterative processes
iterative processes
iterative processes
iterative processes
iterative processes
R7: understand and use proportion as equality of ratios

contexts

contexts
R6: Express a multiplicative relationship between two quantities

as a ratio or a fraction
R9: Define percentage as 'number of parts per hundred'; interpret
percentages and percentage changes as a fraction or a decimal,
and interpret these multiplicatively; express one quantity as a
percentage of another; compare two quantities using
percentages; work with percentages greater than 100%; solve
problems involving percentage change, including percentage
increase/decrease and original value problems, and simple
interest including in financial mathematics















R2: use scale factors, scale diagrams and maps
R12: compare lengths, areas and volumes using ratio notation ;

make links to similarity (including trigonometric ratios) and scale
factors

factors

factors
factors

factors

factors

factors

factors
R4: use ratio notation, including reduction to simplest form


11-16 Progression Summary for Maths
This is an abbreviated version of the Progression Scale, highlighting what we believe are the ke
It is intended for use as an easier reference tool to check progress. Therefore it does not list a
Strand Topic
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Calculations
Number Decimals
Factors and
Number multiples
Number Factors and
multiples
decimals
Indices, powers and
Number roots
Indices, powers and

Number roots

roots
Number Place value

Number Rounding
Number Surds
Algebra Equations
Algebra Equations
Algebra Equations
Algebra Equations
Algebra Expressions
Algebra Formulae
Algebra Functions
Algebra Functions
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Graphs
Algebra Sequences
language
language

Statistics charts
charts
Statistics charts
Statistics charts
charts
charts
Histograms and
frequency graphs
mode and range
mode and range
Mean, median,
Statistics Sampling
Statistics Sampling

measures
measures
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
Congruence
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
Geometry and
measures
measures
measures triangles
measures triangles
measures triangles
measures triangles
measures triangles
Geometry and
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures
measures
Geometry and
measures Vectors
measures
Geometry and
Vectors
measures
rates of change relationships
rates of change
rates of change
rates of change
ogression Scale, highlighting what we believe are the key indicators of progress.
ence tool to check progress. Therefore it does not list all content and skills required.
Progress descriptor
Use standard column procedures to add and subtract whole numbers
Add, subtract multiply and divide integers - positive and negative
Know and use the order of operations

Use the order of operations with brackets, including in more complex
calculations
Use inverse operations
Simplify fractions by cancelling all common factors
Add and subtract simple fractions with denominators of any size

Find the reciprocal of simple numbers/fractions mentally, e.g. 10 and 1/10,
1/3 and 3 etc.
Round numbers to decimal places
Recognise and use multiples and factors (divisors) and use simple tests of
divisibility
Use prime factorisation to represent a number as a product of its primes
using index notation
Use division to convert a fraction to a decimal
Know all the squares of numbers less than 16 and be able to know the
square root given the square number
Extend the patterns by using the index law for division established for
positive power answers, to show that any number to the power of zero is 1
Recall that n0 = 1 and n-1 = 1/n for positive integers n as well as n1/2 = √n
and n1/3 = ³√n for any positive number n
Order fractions, decimals and percentages

Check a result by considering if it is of the right order of magnitude
Simplify surd expressions involving squares ( e.g. √12 =√ (4 × 3) = 2 √3)

Construct expressions from worded descriptions, using addition and
subtraction (a+3, 50-c) E.g. add 7 to a number (answer n+7)
Solve simple two-step linear equations with integer coefficients, of the
form ax ± b = c, e.g. 3x + 7 = 25
one decimal place of equations such as x³ = 29
Solve quadratic equations algebraically by factorising
Multiply out brackets involving positive terms such as (a + b)(c + d) and
collect like terms
Expand double brackets (ax ± b)(cx ± d)
simplify algebraic expressions by collecting like terms
Rearrange simple equations
Generate four quadrant coordinate pairs of simple linear functions
Use function notation
Read x and y coordinate in the first quadrant
Read values from straight-line graphs for real-life situations
Draw, label and scale axes

Plot the graphs of simple linear functions in the form y = mx + c in four
quadrants
Know that the gradient of a line is the change in y over change in x.
Generate points and plot graphs of simple quadratic functions, then more
general functions
Identify the line of symmetry of a quadratic graph
Identify and interpret roots, intercepts and turning points of a quadratic
graph
Know that a line perpendicular to the line y = mx + c, will have a gradient of
-1/m
Generate and describe simple integer sequences – square and triangle
numbers
Apply the property that the probabilities of an exhaustive set of outcomes
sum to 1
Identify all possible mutually exclusive outcomes of a single event
Identify all mutually exclusive outcomes for two successive events with
two outcomes in each event
Mark events and/or probabilities on a probability scale of 0 to 1
Use the vocabulary of probability
Write probabilities in words, fractions, decimals and percentages

Find and justify probabilities based on equally likely outcomes in simple
contexts
Use tree diagrams to calculate the probability of two dependent events
Use tree diagrams to calculate the probability of two dependent events

Construct on paper, and using ICT simple bar graphs to represent discrete
data
Interpret simple diagrams and charts
Group data, where appropriate in equal class intervals
Use information provided to complete a two-way table

Construct a simple (no boundary data) frequency table with given equal
class intervals for continuous data.
Use and understand frequency density
Find the mode and range for a small set of discrete data
Calculate the median of a set of data
Calculate the mean of a set of data
Identify possible sources of bias and plan to minimise it

Understand what is meant by a sample and a population
Intepret scatter graphs in terms of the relationship between two variables
Distinguish between acute, obtuse and reflex angles
Use the sum of the exterior angles of any polygon is 360°
Use the formula for the area of a rectangle/square
Know the formulae for the circumference and area of a circle
Solve problems involving angles, triangles and circles
Use the basic congruence criteria for triangles (SSS, SAS, ASA, RHS)
Identify congruent shapes

Identify and name common solids: cube, cuboid, cylinder, prism, pyramid,
sphere and cone
Know the terms face, edge and vertex
Use straight edge and compasses to construct the mid point and
perpendicular bisector of a line segment
Draw the locus equidistant between 2 points or from a point
Produce shapes and paths by using descriptions of loci
Record readings from scales to a suitable degree of accuracy
Use and apply Pythagoras' theorem to solve problems

sides in a right-angled triangle, using straight-forward algebraic
manipulation, e.g. calculate the adjacent (using cosine), or the opposite
(using sine orthe
Understand tangent ratios)
language of planes, and recognise the diagonals of a
cuboid
Find angles of elevation and angles of depression
Understand, recall and use Pythagoras' theorem in 3-D problems

Use correct notation for labelling lines
Know that the perpendicular distance from a point to a line is the shortest
distance to the line
Understand and use the language associated with translations
Scale a shape on a grid (without a centre specified)
Recognise whether a reflection is correct

Know and apply the sine rule a/sin A = b/sin B = c/sin C to find unknown
lengths and angles
know and apply the cosine rule a² = b² + c² – 2bc cos A to find unknown
lengths
Understand and use vector notation
Calculate the resultant of two vectors

Convert one metric unit to another, including decimals (e.g. 3250 grams to
3.25 kilograms, or 3.25kg to 3250g)
Set up equations to show direct proportion
Use expressions of the form y α x
Use compound interest

fraction
Find a percentage of a quantity using a multiplier
Use a multiplier to increase or decrease by a percentage
Know that enlargements of 2D shapes produce similar shapes

Understand that the ratio of any two sides is constant in similar right-
angled triangles
Use ratio notation
Step
1st
1st
3rd
4th
4th
4th
5th
7th
3rd
3rd
7th
5th
5th
6th
9th
4th
4th
10th
4th
5th
7th
8th
7th
9th
4th
7th
5th
10th
2nd
3rd
3rd
6th
7th
7th
8th
8th
10th
3rd
4th
4th
5th
3rd
4th
5th
4th
8th
8th
3rd
4th
4th
4th
4th
5th
11th
3rd
3rd
4th
6th
6th
7th
2nd
3rd
6th
3rd
6th
8th
4th
6th
1st
1st
5th
7th
7th
1st
8th
8th
8th
9th
10th
2nd
7th
1st
1st
7th
10th
10th
7th
8th
10th
5th
6th
6th
7th
7th
4th
5th
7th
8th
4th
For ease of reference, the content of each step is presented here in column format
Strand 1st Step 2nd Step
Round positive whole Apply four operations

numbers to the in correct order to
Number nearest 10, 100 or integers and proper
1000 fractions
Add, subtract multiply Extend written

Number and divide integers -
positive and negative methods to HTU × U
Use standard column Understand addition

Number procedures to add and subtraction as
and subtract whole they apply to whole
numbers numbers and decimals
Know by heart Multiply and divide

Number multiplication facts up integers by 10 and 100,
to 10 × 10 and explain the effect
Understand that
Number Use halving halving is the reverse
of doubling
Number Use doubling Apply simple tests of

divisibility (3, 6, 4, 25)
Partition to multiply Know square numbers

Number mentally TU × U 6 × 6 to 9 × 9
counting up through Put digits in the correct
Number
the next multiple of place in a calculation
10
Know what each digit

Number Add three or more represents in numbers
multiples of 10 with up to two decimal
places

Recognise multiples positive decimals.
Number up to 10 × 10 Decimals should be to
4 or 5 significant
figures
Be able to order
positive decimals with
Apply simple tests of the largest on the left.
Number divisibility (2, 9, 10, 5) Decimals should be to
4 or 5 significant
figures
Be able to order
Know square positive decimals as a
list with the smallest
Number numbers, 10 × 10, 1 ×
1 to 5 × 5 on the left. Decimals
should be to 4 or 5
significant figures
order positive and

Number negative integers
Use diagrams to
Number compare two or more
simple fractions
Number
Number
Number
Number
Number
Number
Number
Number
Number
Number
Number
Number
Number
Number
Number
Number
Number
Number
Number
Number
Number
Number
Algebra
Algebra
Algebra
Algebra
Algebra
Algebra
Algebra
Algebra
Algebra
Algebra
Algebra
Algebra
Algebra
Algebra
Algebra
Algebra
Algebra
Algebra
Algebra
Algebra
Algebra
Algebra
Algebra
Algebra
Algebra
Probability
Probability
Probability
Probability
Probability
Probability
Probability
Probability
Probability
Probability
Probability
Probability
Probability
Probability
Statistics Find range from a set Find the range of a

of ordered data small set of data.
Statistics
Statistics
Statistics
Statistics
Statistics
Statistics
Statistics
Statistics
Statistics
Statistics
Statistics
Statistics
Statistics
Statistics
Statistics
Statistics
Statistics
Statistics
Statistics
Statistics
Statistics
Explain why some Use a protractor to

Geometry and shapes tessellate and measure acute angles
measures why other shapes do to the nearest degree
not
Tessellate
Geometry and combinations of Measure lines to the
measures polygons nearest millimetre
Know the sum of
Geometry and angles on a straight Know the sum of
measures line angles round a point
Geometry and Find the perimeter of

a square/rectangle by Identify parallel lines
measures counting
Geometry and Know the terms face, Find the perimeter of a

measures edge and vertex square/rectangle
Identify and name everyday 2-D
Geometry and common solids: cube, situations involving
cuboid, cylinder,
measures prism, pyramid, rectangles, triangles,
sphere and cone perpendicular and
parallel lines
Identify complex Know and use
Geometry and arrangements of a net geometric properties
measures of an open cube of cuboids
Identify more Choose suitable metric

Geometry and complex arrangement
measures of a net of a closed units to estimate
length and area.
cube
Understand that area

Geometry and Work out time
measures intervals is measured in square
centimetres
Read and interpret

Geometry and scales on a range of
Draw parallel lines
measures measuring
instruments
Geometry and Record readings from Mark parallel lines on a
measures scales to a suitable diagram
degree of accuracy
Suggest suitable units

Geometry and to estimate or Identify quadrilaterals
measures measure length, mass from everyday usage
and capacity
Identify all the Know the sum of

Geometry and
measures symmetries of 2-D angles in a triangle is
shapes 180°
Geometry and Recognise properties Use correct notation

measures of rectangles for labelling lines
Geometry and Recognise properties Recognise reflection
measures of squares symmetry
Understand and use

Geometry and Draw sketches of the language
measures shapes associated with
rotations
Scale a shape on a Recognise where a

Geometry and grid (without a centre shape will be after
measures specified) translation
Understand and use

Geometry and the language Translate a shape on a
measures associated with square/coordinate grid
reflections
Understand and use Recognise and
Geometry and the language visualise the reflection
measures associated with in a mirror line of a 2-D
translations shape
Geometry and Recognise where a

shape will be after
measures
reflection
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
measures
Geometry and
measures
Ratio, Convert a percentage

Read and construct
proportion and to a number of scale drawings
rates of change hundredths or tenths.
Ratio,
proportion and
rates of change
Ratio,
proportion and
rates of change
Ratio,
proportion and
rates of change
Ratio,
proportion and
rates of change
Ratio,
proportion and
rates of change
Ratio,
proportion and
rates of change
Ratio,
proportion and
rates of change
Ratio,
proportion and
rates of change
Ratio,
proportion and
rates of change
Ratio,
proportion and
rates of change
Ratio,
proportion and
rates of change
Ratio,
proportion and
rates of change
Ratio,
proportion and
rates of change
Ratio,
proportion and
rates of change
Ratio,
proportion and
rates of change
Ratio,
proportion and
rates of change
Ratio,
proportion and
rates of change
ed here in column format
3rd Step 4th Step 5th Step
Round decimals to Divide decimals with

Round numbers to one or two places by
the nearest whole significant figures single-digit whole
number numbers
Multiply and divide Add and subtract

decimals by 10, Use symbols = , ≠, simple fractions with
100, 1000, and <, >, ≤, ≥ denominators of any
explain the effect size
Multiply three-
Multiply by 0 digit by two-digit Multiply a fraction by
an integer
whole numbers
Understand
multiplication as it Divide three-digit Be able to multiply
applies to whole by two-digit whole any number by 0.1
numbers and numbers and 0.01
decimals
Understand
division as it Extend written Be able to divide any
applies to whole methods to U.t × number by 0.1 and
numbers and U 0.01
decimals
Multiply decimals
Extend written with one or two Understand the effect
methods to HTU ÷ places by single- of multiplying by any
U digit whole integer power of 10
numbers
Use standard Begin to add and

column procedures subtract simple
to add and fractions and Understand the effect
subtract decimals those with simple of dividing by any
integer power of 10
with up to two common
places denominators
Add and subtract Add and subtract
Extend written positive integers negative integers
methods to TU ×
TU from negative from positive and
integers negative numbers
Multiply and Use mental strategies

Know and use the
order of divide negative for multiplication -
operations integers by a doubling and halving
positive number strategies
Use mental strategies

for multiplication -
Quickly derive Add and subtract partitioning two 2
integers - positive digit numbers where
associated division and negative one number includes
facts
numbers a decimal (both
numbers have two
significant figures)
Multiply and Use mental strategies

Check a result by divide negative for multiplication of
working it integers by a decimals - doubling
backwards negative number and halving strategies
Be able to subtract
integers and Have strategies for
Round numbers to calculating fractions
decimal with up to
decimal places two decimal and decimals of a
given number
places
Add and subtract up

to 3 fractions mixing
both addition and
subtraction into the
Recognise and use Be able to add and calculation, with
multiples and subtract integers denominators less
factors (divisors) and decimal with than or equal to 12
and use simple varying numbers and using the LCM
tests of divisibility of decimal places denominator in the
calculation - the
answer can be a
mixed number
Be able to add and

subtract more
than two integers
or decimals with Add mixed number
up to two decimal fractions without
Identify numbers places, but with common
with exactly 2 varying numbers denominators, where
factors (primes) of significant the fraction parts add
figures and using a up to more than 1
mixture of
operation within
the calculation
Understand the Use the order of
difference operations with
Multiply an integer by
between factor, brackets, including a fraction
multiple and prime in more complex
numbers calculations

Find all the factor
pairs for any whole Use inverse calculations where
number without operations the brackets are
any support squared or square
rooted
Able to determine Be able to estimate

factors and Simplify fractions answers to
multiples of by cancelling all calculations involving
numbers by listing common factors 2 or more operations
and BODMAS
Understand the
vocabulary of Be able to work
prime numbers, with calculations
factors (divisors), where numbers Apply systematic
multiples, common are squared within listing strategies
factors, common a bracket
multiples.
Recognise that Know that the

every number can Multipy and divide
be written as a contents of decimals - positive
product of two brackets are and negative
evaluated first
factors
Convert Use conventional
notation for
terminating priority of Find lowest common
decimals to operations, multiple by listing
fractions, e.g. 0.23 including brackets
= 23/100 and powers
Recall known facts

Add and subtract Recognise rules
including fraction decimals - positive relating to odd and
to decimal and negative even numbers
conversions
Extend mental Understand the

methods of Find common vocabulary of highest
calculation to common factor,
include factors and primes lowest common
percentages multiple
Recognise and use

Calculate simple common factor, Use division to
percentages highest common convert a fraction to a
factor and lowest decimal
common multiple
Find the prime

Convert a terminating
Recognise the first factor decimal to a fraction
few triangular decomposition of and simplify the
numbers a number less fraction
than 100
work interchangeably
with terminating
Know square Find the HCF or decimals and their
numbers beyond LCM of two corresponding
10 × 10 numbers fractions ( such as 3.5
and 7/2 or 0.375 or
3/8)
Learn fractional
Know the prime equivalents to key
Find roots of factorisation of
square numbers numbers up to 30. recurring decimals
e.g. 0.333333...,
upto 100 (i.e. roots They must give
upto 10) their answers as 0.66666666...,
0.11111... and by
powers extension 0.222222...
Know the
Compare decimals Recognise two denominators of
in different digit prime simple fractions that
contexts numbers produce recurring
decimals, and those
that do not
Calculate simple
Understand and fractions of
use decimal quantities and Interpret percentage
as the operator 'so
notation and place measurements many hundredths of'
value (whole-number
answers)
Extend the
percentage
Approximate calculation Calculate fractions of
before carrying out strategies with quantities and
jottings to find any
an addition or percentage, e.g. measurements
subtraction 17.5% by finding (fraction answers)
10%, 5% and 2.5%,
and adding
Use index notation

for squares and
cubes and for Give the positive and
positive integer negative square root
powers of 10 (e.g. of a square number
write 27 as 3³ and
1000 as 10³)
Be able to order Know all the squares

negative decimals of numbers less than
with the smallest 16 and be able to
on the left. know the square root
Decimals should
be to 2 or 3 given the square
significant figures number
Be able to order
negative decimals Use index notation for
with the largest on small integer powers,
the left. Decimals
should be to 2 or 3 e.g. 24 = 3 × 2³
significant figures
Be able to use > or
< correctly
between two Find and interpret
roots of non square
negative decimals.
Decimals should numbers using square
root key
be to 2 or 3
significant figures
Extend mental
Order fractions, calculations to
decimals and squares and square
percentages
roots
Make estimates
and
approximations of Extend mental
calculations - use a calculations to cubes
range of ways to and cube roots
find an
approximate
answer
Check a result by Be able to estimate

considering if it is square roots of non
of the right order square numbers less
of magnitude than 100
Find outputs of Substitute positive
more complex integers into Substitute positive
functions simple formulae
and negative integers
expressed in words expressed in letter into simple formulae
(e.g. add 6 then symbols, e.g. a+/-
multiply by 3) b, a × b
Find the inputs of Substitute integers

simple functions into more complex Write expressions to
expressed in words formulae solve problems
by using the expressed in letter representing a
output and inverse symbols, e.g. a/b, situation
operations ax +/- b
Identify variables Understand the

Use function and use letter difference between
symbols, e.g. 'the an expression and an
machines to find cost of hiring a equation and the
coordinates van...', c = cost, v = meaning of the key
van vocabulary 'term'
Discuss and
interpret line Understand the
Identify formulae different role of letter
graphs and graphs
of functions from a and functions symbols in formulae
range of sources and functions
Read values from Identify the Select an expression/
straight-line graphs unknowns in a equation/ formula
for real-life formula and a from a list
situations function
Explain the
distinction
Draw, straight-line between Express simple
graphs for real-life equations, functions in symbols
situations formulae and
functions
Use conventions simplify algebraic Generate four

and notation for 2- expressions by quadrant coordinate
D co-ordinates in collecting like pairs of simple linear
all four quadrants. terms functions
Create basic Draw and use graphs

Draw, label and expressions from to solve distance-time
scale axes worded examples problems.
e.g 6 more than x
Use the correct Find outputs of Interpret information
notation to show more complex from a complex real
inclusive and functions and life graph (fixed
exclusive inputs using charge/unit cost),
read values and
inequalities inverse operations discuss trends
Find the coordinates

Describe simple Construct of points identified by
geometrical
functions in words functions to information in 2D ( all
(e.g. add 3, describe mappings
four quadrants) for
multiply by 6, (completing a simple shapes e.g.
subtract 4) number machine)
squares and
rectangles
Generate terms of Plot a simple

a simple sequence distance-time Plot a graph of a
using term to term graph (straight- simple linear function
in the first quadrant.
rules like +3, -2 line graphs)
Find the next term Read x and y Plot and draw graphs
in a sequence,
including negative coordinate in all of straight lines using
values four quadrants a table of values
Generate and Identify points
describe simple with given Drawing and
coordinates and recognising lines
integer sequences coordinates of a parallel to axes, plus y
– square and given point in all = x and y = -x
triangle numbers
four quadrants
Generate terms of Generate terms of a

a simple sequence Plot and draw linear sequence using
arising from graphs of y = a, x = position to term with
practical contexts a, y = x and y = -x positive integers.
Generate terms of Recognise arithmetic

a more complex Show inequalities sequences from
sequence arising on a number line diagrams and draw
from practical the next term in a
contexts pattern sequence
Find a term given

its position in a Predict how the
Use notation and sequence like sequence should
symbols correctly tenth number in 4 continue and test for
× table is 40 (one several more terms
operation on n)
Recognise simple
Find a term of a sequences including
practical sequence triangular, square,
given its position cube numbers and
in the sequence Fibonacci-type
sequences
Begin to use linear
Generate terms of expressions to
a linear sequence describe the nth term
using term-to- in a one-step
term using arithmetic sequence
positive or
negative integers. (e.g. nth term is 3n or
n + 5)
Begin to use linear

Find a specific expressions to
term in the describe the nth term
sequence using in a two-step
term-to-term rules arithmetic sequence
(e.g. nth term is 3n + 1
or n/2 − 5)
Generate and
describe integer
sequences such as
powers of 2 and
growing
rectangles
Know that an
arithmetic
sequence is
generated by a
starting number ,
then adding a
constant number
Write the term-to-
term definition of
a sequence in
words
Know that
expressions can be
written in more
than one way, e.g.
2 × 3 + 2 × 7 = 2(3
+ 7)
Use arithmetic
operations with
algebra
Multiply together
two simple
algebraic
expressions, e.g.
2a × 3b
Apply the property

Know that if the
that the probability of an
Use a probability probabilities of an event is p, the
scale with words. exhaustive set of probability of it not
outcomes sum to occurring is 1-p
1
Identify different
Mark events Identify all mutually exclusive
and/or possible mutually outcomes and know
probabilities on a exclusive
probability scale of outcomes of a that the sum of
0 to 1 single event
outcomes is 1
Apply probabilities
from experimental
data to a different
experiment in Estimate the number
simple situations of times an event will
(only looking at occur, given the
probability and the
one outcome) - number of trials
how many
successes would
you expect?
Understand and
use experimental
and theoretical
measures of Compare
probability, experimental and
including relative
frequency to theoretical
probabilites
include outcomes
using dice,
spinners, coins
etc.
Use the Compare relative
frequencies from
vocabulary of
probability samples of different
sizes

Understand and exclusive outcomes
use the probability for two successive
events with two
scale from 0 to 1 outcomes in each
event
Find and justify Identify all mutually

probabilities exclusive outcomes
based on equally for two successive
events with three
likely outcomes in outcomes in each
simple contexts
event
Record outcomes of
events in tables and
grids
Apply probabilities
from experimental
data to a different
experiment (a
combination of two
outcomes) - how
many successes would
you expect?
When interpreting
results of an
experiment use
vocabulary of
probability
Find the probability of
an event happening
using relative
frequency
Write probabilities in
words, fractions,
decimals and
percentages

from frequency tables

from two-way tables
Choose and justify

Interpret and/or
appropriate compare bar graphs
diagrams, graphs Interpret simple and frequency
and charts, using diagrams and diagrams which are
ICT as appropriate, charts misleading (with false
to illustrate a short origins, different
report of a
statistical enquiry scales etc.)
Understand which
Draw conclusions representation is Interpret pie charts
based on the and line graphs taking
shape of line most appropriate into account different
for the data being
graphs sized samples
presented
Construct on paper
and using ICT simple
Represent data in a Interpret data in a pie charts using
table simple table categorical data - e.g.
two or three
categories
Extract data and Extract data and
Use simple two way
interpret discrete interpret tables
bar charts frequency tables

boundary data)
Find mode from a
discrete data bar Interpret simple frequency table with
chart pie charts given equal class
intervals for
continuous data.
Group data, where Construct a frequency

Extract data and table with given equal
interpret line appropriate in class intervals for
graphs equal class continuous data
intervals
(boundary data given)
Design and use

Find mode group data collection Identify where
from a discrete sheets for boundary data would
data grouped bar grouped, discrete go for different use of
chart and continuous inequalities. Discrete
data and continuous data.
Construct on
paper, and using Use information
ICT simple bar provided to Design tables
graphs to complete a two- recording discrete and
represent discrete way table continuous data
data
Answer simple Produce pie-charts
for categorical Construct complex
questions about data and bar graphs (should be
'most likely' from a discrete/continuo compound)
simple bar chart
us numerical data
Find the mode Calculate the Construct with ICT

from any bar chart mean of a set of simple line graphs for
data time series
Construct on Compare two

paper, and using simple Design a question for
ICT, bar – line distributions using a questionnaire
graphs to the range and the
represent data median
Produce bar charts Calculate the

including dual bar mean from a Criticise questions for
charts simple frequency a questionnaire
table
Compare two
simple Design and use two-
Produce way tables for
pictograms distributions using discrete and grouped
the range and the data
mean
Recognise when it
is appropriate to
Find the mode and use range, Produce grouped
range for a small mean ,median or frequency tables for
set of discrete data mode in simple continuous data
cases (nice data,
with no extreme
values)
Interpret data Compare two

Calculate the from simple distributions given
median of a set of compound and
data comparative bar summary statistics in
charts simple cases.
Calculate find the

range, modal
class, interval
Find the modal containing the Compare two
class for a small set median and find distributions given
of grouped an estimate of the summary statistics in
discrete data mean of a more complex cases.
grouped data
frequency table.
Compare two
simple From a pie chart Compare two
distributions using find the mode; distributions using the
the range and the total frequency range of data
mode
Draw conclusions Interpret data from

from simple compound and
statistics for a comparative bar
single distribution charts
Find the modal
class of a set of Interpret a scatter
continuous data graph
Calculate the
mean, median,
Draw scatter graphs
mode and range
for discrete data
Find the mode and

range from a bar
chart
Interpret simple
pie charts using
simple fractions
and percentages
and multiples of
10% sections
Solve harder
problems using
properties of angles,
Use correct Identify interior of parallel and
notation for and exterior intersecting lines, and
labelling angles angles in a shape of triangles and other
polygons - by looking
at several shapes
together
Know the Identify alternate and

Distinguish definition of a set
between acute and of lines which are corresponding angles
obtuse angles perpendicular to on parallel lines and
their values.
each other
Distinguish Find the area of
between acute, Calculate angles triangles by counting
obtuse and reflex around a point i.e. adding full and
angles partial squares
Identify Recognise and use Know the formulae

vertically opposite for the volume of
perpendicular lines angles cube and a cuboid
Use sum of angles

Use the formula Use a formula to
for the area of a in a triangle to calculate the area of
rectangle/square find missing angle parallelograms
values
Derive and use the

Calculate the sum of angles in a Use a formula to
surface area of calculate the area of
cubes with a net triangle and a triangles
quadrilateral
Derive and use the
Use nets to fact that the
exterior angle of a Deduce and use
calculate the triangle is equal to formulae for the area
surface area of the sum of the of a triangle
simple cuboids
two opposite
interior angles
Calculate
perimeter and area Use the sum of Calculate areas of
of compound the interior angle compound shapes
shapes made from and the exterior made from rectangles
triangles,
rectangles and angle is 180° and triangles
other shapes
Calculate the area

Identify different of simple shapes Know and understand
nets of a cuboid made from the term 'congruent'
rectangles
Know and use Calculate the area Know that triangles

geometric of more complex given SSS, SAS, ASA or
properties of RHS are unique, but
shapes made from shapes made from that triangles given
rectangles
cuboids SSA or AAA are not.
Know that
Calculate the
Record estimates surface area of translations, rotations
to a suitable cubes, without a and reflections map
degree of accuracy net objects on to
congruent images
Use units of
measurement to
estimate and solve Calculate the
problems in perimeter and Identify simple nets of
everyday contexts area of shapes 3D shapes – regular
involving length, made from polyhedra
area, volume, rectangles
mass, time and
angle

Know that Calculate the compasses to
measurements surface area of construct the mid
using real numbers simple cuboids point and
depend upon the (without use of perpendicular
choice of unit nets) bisector of a line
segment
Use the basic

Use correct congruence Draw a circle given
notation for criteria for
labelling triangles triangles (SSS, SAS, the radius or diameter
ASA, RHS)
Use ruler and
protractor to
construct simple
nets of 3D shapes, Know that
Mark using squares, translations, rotations
perpendicular lines rectangles and and reflections
triangles, e.g.
on a diagram regular preserve length and
angle
tetrahedron,
square-based
pyramid,
triangular prism
Recognise and Recognise that

visualise the Begin to use plans enlargements
symmetry of a 2-D and elevations preserve angle but
shape: line
symmetry not length
Solve simple
problems
Calculate angles in involving units of
a triangle measurement in
the context of
length and area
Identify simple
angle, side and Use geometric
symmetry language
properties of appropriately
triangles
Identify angle, side
and symmetry Identify regular
properties of and irregular
simple polygons
quadrilaterals
Recognise and
visualise – rotation Draw or complete
about a given point diagrams with a
(rotation point given number of
must be outside lines of symmetry
the shape)
Draw or complete
diagrams with a
Begin to estimate given order of
the size of angles
rotational
symmetry
Recognise and
Use a protractor to visualise the
measure obtuse rotational
angles to the symmetry of a 2-D
nearest degree
shape
Use a protractor to Identify and plot

draw acute angles points determined
to the nearest by geometric
degree information
Find co-ordinates
Use a protractor to
measure reflex of points
angles to the determined by
nearest degree geometric
information
Solve geometric
problems using
Measure shapes to side and angle
find (perimeters properties of
and) areas equilateral and
isosceles triangles
List the properties

of each, or identify
(name) a given
shape
Name all
quadrilaterals that
have a specific
property
Solve simple
geometrical
problems using
properties of
triangles
Solve simple
geometrical
problems using
properties of
quadrilaterals
Identify and begin

to use angle, side
and symmetry
properties of
quadrilaterals
Use a protractor
to draw obtuse
angles to the
nearest degree
Use a protractor
to draw reflex
angles to the
nearest degree
Understand and
use the language
associated with
bearings
Use bearing to
specify direction
Give a bearing
between the
points on a map or
scaled plan
Use fraction Divide a quantity Use the unitary

into two parts in a method to solve
notation to
describe parts of given ratio, where simple word problems
ratio given in ratio involving ratio and
shapes notation direct proportion
Recognise the Convert a larger

equivalence of whole number Divide a quantity into
metric unit to a
percentages, smaller unit (e.g. 3 more than two parts
fractions and kilograms to 3000 in a given ratio
decimals
grams)
Convert one metric
Define percentages Convert between unit to another,
including decimals
as number of parts simple metric (e.g. 3250 grams to
per hundred units. 3.25 kilograms, or
3.25kg to 3250g)
Convert a smaller Use fraction notation

whole number
Draw lines and metric unit to a to express a smaller
shapes to scale larger unit (e.g. whole number as a
3000 grams to 3 fraction of a larger
one
kilograms)
Use and interpret

maps and scale Express one Use a ratio to find one
drawings, using a number as a quantity when the
variety of scales fraction of another other is known
and units
Express the
Estimate length division of a Use proportional
using a scale quantity into a reasoning to solve a
diagram number of parts as problem
a ratio
Use strategies for

finding equivalent
Use percentages fractions, decimals
to compare simple and percentages
proportions involving decimal
percentages and
decimals greater than
0
Recall equivalent
fractions, decimals
and percentages
including for
fractions that are Find the outcome of a
greater than 1. given percentage
Match across all 3 increase
types, and need to
be simple
fractions (1/2, 1/4,
1/5, 1/10)
Express one given Find the outcome of a

number as a given percentage
percentage of
another decrease
Find a percentage Use a multiplier to

of a quantity using increase or decrease
a multiplier by a percentage
Interpet
percentages and
percentage Use percentages
change as a greater than 100%
fraction or a
decimal
Express one quantity
Use ratio notation as a percentage of
another
Simplify a ratio
Reduce a ratio to expressed in different
its simplest form
units

simplest form,
including three-part
ratios
6th Step 7th Step 8th Step
Understand that each

of the headings in the
Identify upper and place value system, to Multiply and divide
lower bounds for simple fractions
rounding of discrete the left of the units (mixed) - positive and
and continuous data column, can be negative
written as a power of
ten
Identify the upper Multiply both sides of Calculate with roots

and lower bounds of an inequality by a
a measurement negative number (surds - exact values)
Recognise that To understand the

measurements given
to the nearest whole difference between
squaring a negative Write numbers less
unit may be number and than 10 in standard
inaccurate by up to
subtracting a squared index form
one half in either number within a more
direction. Use error complex calculation
intervals.
Understand that
each of the headings Find the reciprocal of
in the place value simple Order numbers
system, to the right numbers/fractions written in standard
of the tens column, mentally, e.g. 10 and index form
can be written as a 1/10, 1/3 and 3 etc.
power of ten
Understand the order
Write numbers as a in which to calculate
Convert between
decimal number of expressions that large and small
millions or contain powers and
numbers into
thousands, e.g. 23 brackets in both the standard form and
600 000 as 23.6 numerator and
million denominator of a vice-versa
fraction
Use knowledge of
place value to
calculate the product
or division of two Know that a number
decimals where one multiplied by its Add and subtract in
or both are less than reciprocal is 1 standard form
1 and at least one
has two digits other
than zero.
Divide integers and

decimals, including
by decimals such as Know that the
0.6 and 0.06 reciprocal of a Multiply and divide
(divisions related to reciprocal is the numbers in standard
form
0.t × 0.t or 0.t × 0.0h, original number
0.0h × 0.t and 0.0h ×
0.0h)
Use standard column
procedures to add
and subtract integers Use conventional
and decimals of any notation for priority
size, including a of operations,
mixture of large and including roots and
small numbers with reciprocals
different numbers of
decimal places
Multiply and divide Understand and use

by decimals, dividing compound measures:
by transforming to density; pressure;
division by an integer speed
Round numbers and

measures to an
fraction appropriate degree of
accuracy ( dp or sig
fig)
Be able to simplify
expressions Find HCF and LCM
containing powers to using Prime Factors
complete the
calculation
Understand which Use prime
part of an expression
is raised to a power factorisation to
represent a number
by knowing the
difference between 3 as a product of its
primes using index
× (7 + 8)² and 3² × (7 notation
+ 8) and (3 × (7 + 8))²
Recognise and use Recognise that prime

relationships factor decomposition
between operations, of a positive integer is
including inverse unique
operations
Calculate average
speed, distance, time Add and subtract
- in mph as well as fractions (mixed) -
metric measures positive and negative
Convert between Use the square, cube
metric speed and power keys on a
measures calculator
Understand the Use the index laws to

include negative
effect of multiplying power answers and
or dividing any understand that these
number between 0 answers are smaller
and 1
than 1
Multiply and divide Use the laws of

simple fractions indices to multiply
(proper and and divide numbers
improper) - positive written in index
and negative notation
Add and subtract

fractions (proper and Convert between
improper) -positive currencies
and negative
Use halving and

doubling strategies
on fractions to find Estimate answers to
decimal equivalents calculations by
of other fractions, rounding numbers to
e.g. 1/4 = 0.25 so 1/8 1 sig. fig
is half of 0.25 etc.
Original fact is given
Convert a fraction to Check reasonableness
a decimal to make a of answers
calculation easier
Be able to find
square roots by
factorising, e.g. Estimate answers to
square root of 324 is one- or two-step
square root of 4 × 81 calculations
which is 18. 324 = 4 ×
81 should be given
Be able to find cube

roots by factorising,
e.g. cube root of 216 Write numbers
is cube root of 8 × 27 greater than 10 in
which is 6. 216 = 8 × standard index form
27 should be given to
them
Mentally be able to
calculate the squares
of numbers less than
16 multiplied by a
multiple of ten, e.g.
0.2, 300, 0.400
Combine laws of
arithmetic for
brackets with mental
calculations of
squares, e.g. (23 − 13
+ 4 − 8)²
Combine laws of
arithmetic for
calculations of cubes,
e.g. (23 − 13 + 4 − 8)³
Combine laws of
arithmetic for
calculations of
square roots, e.g.
√(45 + 36)
Combine laws of
arithmetic for
calculations of cube
roots, e.g. ³√(89 + 36)
Be able to use
mental strategies to
solve word problems
set in context using
square roots and
cube roots mentally
Establish index laws
for positive powers
where the answer is
a positive power
Extend the patterns

by using the index
law for division
established for
positive power
answers, to show
that any number to
the power of zero is
1
Use an extended
range of calculator
functions, including
+, -, x, , x², √x,
memory, xy, x1/y,
brackets
Order fractions by
converting them to
decimals or
otherwise
Use one calculation
to find the answer to
another
Express a
multiplicative
relationship between
two quantities as a
ratio or a fraction
Use numbers of any

size rounded to 1
significant figure to
make standardized
estimates for
calculations with one
step
Know there are

different ways of
finding an
approximate answer
Use systematic trial
Substitute positive and improvement to
integers into find the approximate Find the equation of
expressions involving solution to one a straight-line from
small powers (up to decimal place of its graph
3) equations such as x³ =
29
Construct and solve

equations that
Select an expression/ involves multiplying Identify the line of
equation/ out brackets by a symmetry of a
formula/identity
from a list negative number (e.g. quadratic graph
4(2a - 1) = 32 - 3(2a -
2))
Recognise that when

Use the distributive Derive a simple the linear and inverse
law to take out formula, including of a linear function
numerical common those involving such as y = 2x, y = 3x
factors, e.g. 6a + 8b = squares, cubes and are plotted, they are
2(3a + 4b) roots a reflection in the
line y = x
Manipulate Interpret distance-

expressions by taking involving positive time graphs and
out common factors, calculate the speed
terms such as (a + b)(c
not necessarily the + d) and collect like of individual sections,
highest e.g. 4x + 8 = terms total distance and
2(2x + 4) total time
Interpret gradient as
Substitute positive rate of change in
Change the subject and negative integers distance-time and
of a formula in one into linear expressions speed-time graphs,
step e.g. y = x + 4 and expressions containers emptying
involving powers and filling and unit
price graphs

simple linear
functions, where y is
given explicitly in Know and understand Identify and interpret
terms of x, e.g. y = x, the meaning of an roots, intercepts and
y = 2x, y = 3x are all identity and use the≠ turning points of a
straight lines that sign quadratic graph
pass through the
origin, vary in
steepness depending
on the function
Factorise to one
Use gradients to bracket by taking out Given the
interpret how one the highest common coordinates of points
variable changes in factors for all terms A and B, calculate the
relation to another e.g. 2x²y + 6xy² = length of AB
2xy(x + 3y)
Find an unknown Plot and draw graphs

Discuss and interpret where it is not the of straight lines
linear and non linear subject of the formula WITHOUT using a
graphs from a range and where an table of values (use
of sources equation must be intercept and
solved. gradient)
Draw distance-time Write down the
graphs and velocity- Rearrange simple equation of a line
time graphs equations parallel to a given
line
Recognise a
Find the coordinates Know that the
of the midpoint of a gradient of a line is quadratic function
from its equation and
line from a given the change in y over
graph change in x. explain the shape of
it's graph
Solve more complex

Without drawing the
Plot the graphs of graphs, compare and linear inequalities in
simple linear contrast features of one variable and
functions in the form graphs such as y = 4x, represent the
y = mx + c in four solution on a number
quadrants y = 4x + 6, y = x + 6, y line e.g. -6 < 2n+4
= -4x, y= x - 6 or -9 < 2n + 3 < 7
Recognise that Use algebra to

equations of the support proofs e.g.
form y = mx + c show that the
correspond to from their equations volume of a cube
straight-line graphs with side lengths of
in the coordinate (2x - 1)cm is (8x³ -
plane 12x² + 6x - 1)cm³
Generate points and
Write down whole plot graphs of simple Use algebra to
number values that quadratic functions, support and
satisfy an inequality then more general construct arguments
functions
Construct a table of Generate arithmetic

Find a specific term sequences of
in the sequence values, including numbers , squared
using position-to- negative values of x integers and
term rules for a function such as sequences derived
y = ax²
from diagrams
Recognise sequences
including those for Recognise a graph Identify which terms
odd and even which represents a cannot be in a
numbers quadratic function sequence
Generate the
Plot the graphs of sequence of triangle
Begin to use formal linear functions in the numbers by
algebra to describe form y = mx + c and considering the
the nth term in an recognise and arrangement of dots
arithmetic sequence. compare their and deduce that T(n)
features = 1 + 2 + 3 + .... + n,
the sum of the series
Recognise that linear Recognise and use

Know that functions can be simple geometric
expressions involving rearranged to give y progressions (rn
repeated explicitly in terms of x where n is an integer
multiplication can be e.g. rearrange y + 3x - and r is a rational
written as n, n², n³ 2 = 0 in the form y = 2 number number >
- 3x 0 or a surd)
Solve simple linear
inequalities in one By looking at the
Understand the variable and spatial patterns of
difference between represent the solution triangular numbers,
2n and n² on a number line e.g. deduce that the nth
3n + 2 <11 and 2n - term is 1/2n(n + 1)
1 >1
Represent the Use function

solution set for
inequalities using set machines to find
notation terms of sequence
Solve exactly, by
Argue mathematically elimination of an
to show algebraic unknown,
expressions are linear/linear
equivalent e.g 2x(x + simultaneous
3) - 4(3x - x²) = 6x(x - equations, including
1) where both need
multiplying
Find and use the nth Solve linear/linear

term of an arithmetic simultaneous
sequence equations graphically
Solve simultaneous
equation,
Simplify simple linear/linear
expressions involving simultaneous
index notation equations,where
neither or one
equation needs
multiplying
Write simultaneous
equations to
Set up and solve a

pair of simultaneous
equations in two
variables
Solve simultaneous
equations
representing a real-
life situation
graphically and
interpret the solution
in the context of the
question
Draw a probability
Find a missing
tree diagram based Record outcomes of probability from a list
on given information events in a Venn or two-way table
(no more than Diagram including algebraic
3 branches per terms
event)
Apply probabilities
from experimental
data to a different
experiment in Use theoretical Use tree diagrams to
applying to two step models to include calculate the
outcomes using
outcomes, e.g. spin a spinners, dice, coins probability of two
spinner twice and dependent events
etc.
total the two
numbers. Which total
is the most likely?
Identify conditions
for a fair game - from
a small set of options
Calculate the
probability of the
final event of a set of
mutually exclusive
events.
Use and draw sample
space diagrams
Draw a frequency
tree based on given
information and use
this to find
probability and
expected outcome
Record outcomes of
probability
experiments in tables

calculate the
probability of two
independent events
Identify which graphs Know the
are the most useful Use more complex appropriate use of a
in the context of the two way tables cumulative frequency
problem diagram
Construct on paper,
and using ICT,
Interpret and discuss Construct cumulative
data frequency diagrams frequency tables
for grouped discrete
data
Produce ordered Find the median, Calculate possible

back-to-back stem mode and range from values of the set of
and leaf diagrams a stem and leaf data given summary
diagram statistics
Make inferences Interpret box plots to
about data through Estimate the mean of find median,
extracting grouped data using quartiles, range and
information from a the mid-interval value interquartile range
two way table and draw conclusions
Understand that the

Recognise when it is frequency
appropriate to use represented by Produce box plots
corresponding sectors from raw data and
mean, median or in two pie charts is identify outliers
mode in more dependent upon the when given quartiles
complex cases (put in total populations and median
extreme values) represented by each
of the pie charts
Recognise when Recognise the

modal class is the advantages and
most appropriate disadvantages Use random numbers
statistic for grouped between measures of to get a sample
data average
Construct and use

frequency polygons Criticise questions
to compare sets of from a questionnaire
data
Identify and explain Understand how

anomalies (outliers) sources of data may
in a data set be biased
Understand that the
expression 'estimate'
will be used where Decide what data to
appropriate, when collect and what
finding the mean of analysis is needed
grouped data using
mid-interval values
Write questionnaire
Calculate the mean questions to eliminate
and range from a bias, on timing and
frequency table for location of survey to
discrete data ensure sample is
representative
Understand how
different sample Know the definition of
sizes may not be random sampling
representative of a
whole population
Identify what primary

data to collect and in
what format State how reliable
including grouped their predictions are
data
Recognise Draw a line of best fit

by eye and
quantitative and understand what they
qualitative data represent
Identify possible Understand that
sources of bias and correlation does not
plan to minimise it imply causality
Distinguish between
Understand what is positive, negative and
meant by a sample
and a population zero correlation using
lines of best fit
Appreciate that
correlation is a
measure of the
strength of the
Understand primary association between
and secondary data two variables and that
sources zero correlation does
not necessarily imply
'no relationship' but
merely 'no linear
relationship'
Use a line of best fit,

or otherwise, to
predict values of one
variable given values
of the other variable
Intepret scatter
graphs in terms of the
relationship between
two variables
Use the line of best fit
to make predictions
Interpolate and
trends whilst knowing
the dangers of doing
so
Interpret correlation
in terms of the
problem
Find the surface area

Given the bearing of Mark on a diagram of simple shapes
point A from point B, the position of point B (prisms) using the
work out the bearing given its bearing from formulae for triangles
of B from A the point A and rectangles, and
other shapes
Find the surface area

and volumes
of compound solids
Identify co-interior Use accurate drawing constructed from
angles and their to solve bearings cubes, cuboids,
values. problems cones, pyramids,
spheres,
hemispheres,
cylinders
Use the sum of the Use the sum of the Recognise the
exterior angles of any interior angles of an formulae for length
polygon is 360° n-sided polygon of arcs in a circle.
Calculate the interior Calculate the interior Recognise the

angles of regular formulae for area of
polygons angles of polygons sectors in a circle.
Find the size of each

Use the sum of interior angle or the
angles in a triangle to Solve problems
deduce and use the size of each exterior involving angles,
angle sum in any angle or the number triangles and circles
of sides of a regular
polygon polygon
Calculate volumes of
Deduce and use the shapes made from Use similarity to
formula for the area cuboids, for lengths solve problems in 2D
of a parallelogram given as whole shapes
numbers
Use simple examples
of the relationship
Use a formula to between
calculate the area of Calculate the volume enlargement and
trapezia of right prisms areas and volumes of
simple shapes and
solids
Understand that a
locus in 3D can be a
plane or curved
surface and extend
Deduce and use understanding of loci
Calculate the surface to include 3D
formula for the area area of right prisms problems, e.g. know
of a trapezium
that all the points
equidistant from a
single point in space
form the surface of a
sphere
Understand how
Calculate surface standard
areas of shapes Calculate the lengths constructions using
and areas given the straight edge and
made from cuboids, volumes in right compasses relate to
for lengths given as
prisms the properties of two
whole numbers intersecting circles
with equal radii
Know the formulae Know the formula for

for the Calculate the lengths, Pythagoras' theorem
areas and volumes in
circumference and cylinders and use to find a
area of a circle shorter side
the circumference
Use the formula for and area of a circle, Use and apply
the circumference of given the Pythagoras' theorem
a circle circumference or to solve problems
area, to calculate the
radius or diameter
Use the sine, cosine

and tangent ratios to
find the lengths of
unknown sides in a
Use the formulae for Find the perimeters right-angled triangle,
using straight-
area of a circle, given and areas of forward algebraic
the radius or semicircles and manipulation, e.g.
diameter quarter circles calculate the
adjacent (using
cosine), or the
opposite (using sine
or tangent ratios)
Begin to use
congruency to solve Understand the
Identify congruent language of planes,
shapes simple problems in and recognise the
triangles and
diagonals of a cuboid
quadrilaterals
Use the information

Identify 2-D shapes given about the Derive the fact that
that are congruent or length of sides and base angles of
sizes of angles to
similar by reference determine whether isosceles triangles are
to sides and angles equal
triangles are
congruent, or similar
Transform 2-D
shapes by simple
combinations of
Identify shapes which Use straight edge and rotations, reflections
are similar, including compass to construct and translations,
all regular polygons the perpendicular using ICT (e.g.
with equal number of from or to a point on rotation or
sides a line segment
translation,
reflections in the x
and y axes, rotations
about (0, 0))
Recognise that all Transform 2D shapes

corresponding angles compasses to by a more complex
in similar shapes are construct a triangle, combinations of
equal in size when given right angle, rotations, reflections
the corresponding and translations, e.g.
lengths of sides are hypotenuse and side a reflection, followed
not equal in size (RHS) by a rotation etc
Identify more Draw the locus

complex nets of 3D equidistant between 2 Add and Subtract
shapes including points or from a point vectors
Deduce properties of Produce shapes and

simple 3D shapes paths by using
from their 2D descriptions of loci
representations
Analyse 3-D shapes Use construction to
find the locus of a
through 2-D point that moves
representations. according to a rule
Analyse 3-D shapes

through cross- Understand loci about
a point, line and
sections, plans and
elevations corner.
Draw plans and

elevations of 3-D Construct angles of
60°, 90°, 30°, 45°
shapes
Use straight edge Know the formula for

and compasses to Pythagoras' theorem
construct the and use to find the
bisector of an angle hypotenuse
Use straight edge Know that the

and compasses to perpendicular
distance from a point
construct a triangle to a line is the
given three sides shortest distance to
(SSS)
the line
Construct an Justify if a triangle is

equilateral triangle right-angled given its
three lengths
Construct a regular Use vector notation
hexagon inside a for translations
circle
Begin to use the

trigonometric ratios Use 2D Vector
to find the size of an notation for
angle in a right- translation
angled triangle
Draw and label Understand and use

the language and
diagrams from given notation associated
instructions
with enlargement
Solve geometric
problems using side
Enlarge 2D shapes,
and angle properties given a fractional
of equilateral, scale factor
isosceles and right-
angled triangles
Know the names of Find the centre of

parts of a circle rotation
Know the definition Describe a

of a circle transformation
Draw circles and arcs Describe reflections
to a given radius on a coordinate grid
Enlarge 2-D shapes,

given a centre of Colour in missing
enlargement and a squares to complete a
positive whole reflection
number scale factor
Explore enlargement Recognise whether a

using ICT reflection is correct
Enlarge a given shape

using (0, 0) as the Express points as
centre of position vectors
enlargement

centre other than (0, Understand and use
0) vector notation
Find the centre of

enlargement
Compare ratios by Interpret and write

Write a ratio as a
changing them to the ratios to describe a linear function
form 1 : m or m : 1 situation
Extend to simple
Understand and use conversions of
Solve a ratio problem compound measures
in context (density, speed, compound measures
pressure) (e.g. convert 2 m/s to
km/hr)
Divide a given
quantity into two Solve problems using Convert imperial
parts in a given constant rates and units to imperial
part:part or part: related formulae units
whole ratio
Write as ratio as a Solve problems Convert between

fraction involving compound metric and imperial
measures measures
Know rough metric Use graphs to

equivalents of Write lengths, areas calculate measures
imperial measures in and volumes of two including unit price,
daily use (feet, miles, shapes as ratios in average speed,
pounds, pints, simplest form distance, time,
gallons) acceleration
Use percentages in
Convert between real-life situations:
area measures (e.g. compound interest,
mm² to cm², cm² to Estimate conversions depreciation,
m², and vice versa) percentage profit and
loss
Use algebraic
Convert between methods to solve
metric measures of problems involving Calculate repeated
volume and capacity variables in direct proportional change
eg 1 cm³ = 1 ml
proportion
Find the original
Set up equations to amount given the
show direct Use expressions of final amount after a
the form y α 1/x percentage change
proportion ( reverse
percentages)
Use calculators for

Interpret the gradient reverse percentage
Use expressions of of a straight line calculations by doing
the form y α x graph as a rate of
change an appropriate
division
Understand that the

Identify direct Use calculators to ratio of any two sides
proportion from a explore exponential is constant in similar
graph growth and decay
right-angled triangles
Recognise graphs
showing constant Understand the
rates of change, Use compound implications of
average rates of interest enlargement for
change and variable perimeter
rates of change
Use a unitary
method, e.g. if £40 is Identify the scale
60%, find 1% by Represent repeated factor of an
dividing by 60 and proportional change enlargement as the
then 100% by ratio of the lengths of
multiplying by 100. using a multiplier any two
Give them the raised to a power corresponding line
scaffolding to answer segments
the question
Compare two
quantities using Understand direct Enlarge 2-D shapes
percentages, proportion as equality and recognise the
including a range of similarity of resulting
calculations and of ratios shapes
contexts
Use percentages in Use measures in ratio

real-life situations: and proportion
VAT, value of profit problems ( currency
or loss, simple conversion, rates of
interest, income tax pay, best value)
calculations
Express a
Use and interpret multiplicative
maps, using proper relationship between
map scales (1 : 25 two quantities as a
000)
ratio or a fraction
Use the unitary

method for an inverse
Simplify a ratio operation, e.g. If I
expressed in know an item was
fractions or decimals 80% of the original
cost in a sale, find the
original price
Use and interpret
scale drawings, where
scales use mixed
Write ratios in the units, and drawings
form 1: m or m: 1 aren't done on
squared paper, but
have measurements
marked on them.
Know that
enlargements of 2D
shapes produce
similar shapes
9th Step 10th Step 11th Step
Use the product rule for

counting (i.e. if there are m
Use inequality
notation to specify ways of doing one task and Calculate the upper and
for each of these, there are
simple error intervals n ways of doing another lower bounds of 2-D
due to truncation or task, then the total number measurements e.g. area
rounding of ways the two tasks can be
done is m × n ways)

Estimate powers and Convert a recurring decimal lower bounds of other
roots of any given
positive number to a fraction in simple cases compound measurements
e.g. density
Recall that n0 = 1 and

n-1 = 1/n for positive
integers n as well as Understand a recurring Write (3 - √3)² in the form a
n1/2 = √n and n1/3 = ³√n decimal to fraction proof + b√3
for any positive
number n
Find the value of calculations

using indices including
fractional and negative Rationalise a denominator
indices
Understand that the inverse
operation of raising a
positive number to a power
n is raising the result of this
operation to the power 1/n
Simplify surd expressions

involving squares ( e.g. √12
=√ (4 × 3) = 2 √3)
Use fractions, surds and pi in

exact calculations, without a
calculator
Change the subject of
Apply to the graph of y = f(x)
a complex formula the transformations<BR>y = -
that involves fractions,
Use function notation f(x)<BR>y = f(-x)<BR>y = -f(-x)
e.g. make u or v the for linear, quadratic, cubic,
subject of the formula
1/v + 1/u =1/t sine and cosine functions
Apply to the graph of y = f(x)

the transformations
Identify and interpret y = f(x) + a
gradient from an Deduce turning points by y = f(ax)
completing the square y = f(x + a)
equation ax+by=c y = af(x) for linear, quadratic,
cubic, sine and cosine
functions f(x)
Find approximate Construct the graphs of

solutions of a Sketch a graph of a simple loci including the
quadratic equation quadratic by factorising, circle x² + y² = r² for a circle
from the graph of the identifying roots and y- of radius r centred at the
corresponding intercept , turning point origin of the coordinate
quadratic function plane
Recognise, sketch and Find the equation of the line Find the gradient of the
interpret graphs of radius that meets the circle
simple cubic functions through two given points at a given point
Recognise, sketch and Find the equation of the line Find the nth term of a
interpret reciprocal through one point with a quadratic sequence of the
graphs given gradient form n² ,an², an² ± b, an² ±
bn ± c,
Find the coordinates Know that a line

of the midpoint of a perpendicular to the line y = Solve exactly, by elimination
line from coordinates mx + c, will have a gradient of an unknown, linear/x² + y²
using a formula of -1/m = r² simultaneous equations
Solve linear Write down the equation of

inequalities in two a line perpendicular to a
variables graphically given line
Solve two
simultaneous straight line graph and
inequalities generate equations of lines
algebraically and show parallel and perpendicular to
the solution set on a the given line
number line
Answer simple proof
and 'show that'
questions using Solve quadratic inequalities
consecutive integers in one variable, by
(n, n+ 1), squares a², factorising and sketching the
b², even numbers 2n, graph to find critical values
and odd numbers 2n +
1
Continue a quadratic Simplify and manipulate

sequence and use the algebraic expressions
nth term to generate involving surds and algebraic
terms fractions
Use finite/infinite and Solve exactly, by elimination

ascending/ of an unknown,
descending to linear/quadratic
describe sequences simultaneous equations

Distinguish between to simultaneous equations
arithmetic and function and one non-linear
geometric sequences ( quadratic or circle) function
using a graphical approach
Continue geometric
progression and find
term to term rule,
including negative,
fraction and decimal
terms
Simplify expressions
involving brackets and
powers e.g. x(x²+x+4),
3(a + 2b) − 2(a + b)
Square a linear
expression and collect
like terms
Use a two-way table to
probability
probability

probability
two events are independent
Understand selection with or
without replacement

probability
information in a range
of linear graphs - to Know the appropriate use of Use and understand
describe how one Histograms frequency density
variable changes in
relation to another
Compare the mean, median, Construct and interpret

Construct cumulative mode and range as
frequency graphs appropriate of two histograms from class
intervals with unequal width
distributions
Interpret cumulative calculate mean and range From a histogram complete
frequency graphs and find median and mode a grouped frequency table
Find the median, Compare distributions and
quartiles and make inferences, using the From a histogram
shapes of distributions and
interquartile range for measures of average and understand and define
large data sets with spread, including median frequency density
grouped data
and quartiles
Compare the Estimate the median (or

measures of spread Compare median and inter-
between a pair of box quartile range of two other information) from a
plots/cumulative distributions histogram with unequal class
frequency graphs width

sampling scheme and From a cumulative
a method to
investigate a frequency graph estimate
population, including frequency greater/less than
a given value
sampling
Estimate the mean from a

histogram

terms of proportion,
fraction, percentage or ratio
Prove and use the fact Solve problems including Use the formulae for length
that the angle in a examples of solids in of arcs and area of sectors of
semicircle is a right everyday use circles to solve problems.
angle ;

that angles in the Prove and use the alternate Give reasons for angle sizes
same segment are segment theorem using mathematical language
equal
Use congruence to show
Prove and use the fact that translations, rotations
that opposite angles and reflections preserve Give reasons for angle and
of a cyclic length and angle, so that any length calculations involving
quadrilateral sum to figure is congruent to its the use of tangent theorems
180° image under any of these
transformations
Prove and use facts Understand and use the fact

about the angle Understand, recall and use that tangents from an
subtended at the Pythagoras' theorem in 3-D
centre and at the problems external point are equal in
circumference; length
Use the sine, cosine

and tangent ratios to
find the lengths of
unknown sides in a
right-angled triangle,
using more complex Calculate the length of a rule a² = b² + c² – 2bc cos A
algebraic diagonal of a cuboid to find unknown angles
manipulation, e.g. the
hypotenuse (using
cosine or sine), or
adjacent (using the
tangent ratio)
Use the appropriate

ratio to find a length, Enlarge 2D shapes, given a Know and apply Area = 1/2
or angle, and hence negative, fractional scale ab sin C to calculate the sides
solve a two- factor or angles of any triangle
dimensional problem
Find angles of Know and apply the sine rule
elevation and angles a/sin A = b/sin B = c/sin C to Prove lines are
of depression find unknown lengths and parallel/colinear
angles
Know that the tangent know and apply the cosine

at any point on a circle
is perpendicular to the rule a² = b² + c² – 2bc cos A
to find unknown lengths
radius at that point.
Know that the

perpendicular from Calculate the area of a
triangle given the length of
the centre to the two sides and the included
chord bisects the
angle
chord.
Complete a formal
geometric proof of Work out the magnitude of a
similarity of two given vector
triangles
graphically, the sum of two
vectors, the difference of
two vectors and a scalar
multiple of a vector

two vectors
Solve geometrical problems

in 2-D using vector methods
Solve problems involving Recognise sketch and
interpret graphs of
Use expressions of the inverse proportion using
form y α x² graphs by plotting and exponential functions y = kx
for positive values of k and
reading values from graphs integer values of x
Identify direct Solve problems involving

proportion from a inverse proportionality, Find points that divide a line
in a given ratio, using the
table of values by including problems where y properties of similar
comparing ratios of is inversely proportional to triangles
values the square of x
quantity from quantities that
vary in direct or inverse
proportion
Set up and use equations to

solve word and other
problems involving direct or
inverse proportion
Calculate the new area of a

shape after enlargement
12th Step
linear or non-linear
graphs, and estimate the
gradient of a quadratic or
non-linear graph at a
given point by sketching
the tangent and finding
its gradient

tangent to a circle at a
given point
Interpret coodinates for

trigonometric graphs
Plot graphs of the

abx for integer values of x
and simple positive
values of a and b.
Use iteration with simple
converging sequences
more complex shapes
and solids, including
segments of circles and
frustums of cones
Find the area of a

segment of a circle given
the radius and length of
the chord
shapes and solids

ratios to solve 3-D
problems

line and a plane (but not
the angle between two
skew lines)

sin θ and cos θ for θ = 0°,
30°, 45°, 60° and 90°;
know the exact value of
tan θ for θ = 0°, 30°, 45°
and 60°
rules to solve 2-D and 3-
D problems

simple geometrical
proofs
Calculate the new
volume of a shape after
enlargement

Math Prog Map Ks34 v2.01

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Pearson Progression Scale and Map for Maths ages 11-16 - Version 2.

1. Progression scale - with key progress descriptors, Steps

4. Progression Steps - A per step view organised by strand

In our published resources, Steps may be shown like this…

We welcome your feedback for improvements, at progressionscale@pearson.com.

Register for updates and to be notified of the latest versions at www.pearsonschools.co.u

eferences for richer reporting and feedback

epresents the highest GCSE performance.

n credited as the source.

ean that the material is essential to achieve any Pearson qualification,

Number Factors and

Number Fractions and

Indices, powers and

Number Indices, powers and

Indices, powers and

Indices, powers and

Number Indices, powers and

Number Indices, powers and

Number Place value

Number Place value

Number Place value

Number Place value

Number Place value

Number Place value

Number Place value

Number Place value

Number Place value

Number Place value

Number Place value

Number Place value

Number Place value

Number Place value

Number Place value

Number Standard form

Number Standard form

Number Standard form

Number Standard form

Number Standard form

Number Standard form

Number Standard form

Number Standard form

Algebra Expanding brackets

Algebra Expanding brackets

Algebra Expanding brackets

Algebra Expanding brackets

Algebra Expanding brackets

Probability Sample space

Probability Sample space

Probability Tree diagrams

Probability Tree diagrams

Probability Tree diagrams

Probability Tree diagrams

Probability Tree diagrams

Probability Tree diagrams

Statistics Application and

Statistics Mean, median,

Statistics Scatter graphs

Statistics Scatter graphs

Statistics Scatter graphs

Statistics Scatter graphs

Statistics Scatter graphs

Statistics Scatter graphs

Statistics Scatter graphs