COMPILED MSPC 235 PAST QUESTIONS VOLUME III

1. Which is the only joint in the human body capable of circumduction

a. wrist
b. shoulder
c. hip
d. elbow
e. knee
2. In terms of relative positions of body all are true except
a. thoracic vertebrae are medial to scapulae
b. index fingers are distal to thumb
c. abdominal muscles are superficial to periosteum
d. elbows are distal to wrist
e. cubital fossae are anterior to elbows
3. Which organ produces oil to lubricate the nipple/ areola complex? montgomerys tubercle
4. Cartilage matrix is largely composed of
a. Chondroitin sulphate
b. Keratin sulphate
c. Dermatan sulphate
d. Heparan sulphate
5. A cutaneous structure is
a. Related to the heart
b. Related to the skin
c. Related to the nerves
d. Related to the blood vessels
6. Cancer develops in the right breast of a 34 year old woman. The woman
experiences a loss of sensation in her nipple. Which spinal nerve is most
likely to be affected?
a. T1
b. T2
c. T3
d. T4
7. In which of the following regions can the nipple be located
a. 1st intercostal space
b. 2nd intercostal space
c. 3rd intercostal space
d. 4th intercostal space
8. The most abundant mineral in bone is
a. Calcium
b. Phosphorus
c. Zinc
d. Potassium
9. The following are linear elevations except
a. Crest
b. Spine
c. Line
d. Ridge
10. A small flat area for articulation is known as a
a. Facet
b. Tubercle
c. Tuberosity
d. Epicondyle
11. The following is true concerning the carrying angle EXCEPT
a. The carrying angle in males is usually 5°
b. The carrying angle in males is usually 15°
c. The carrying angle in females is usually 10-15°
d. The carrying angle in females is higher than that of males
12. The elbow joint is a type of
a. Hinge joint
b. Ball and socket joint
c. Saddle
d. Fibrous joint
13. Which of the following prevents the superior dislocation of the
humeral head
a. Glenohumeral ligament
b. Coracohumeral ligament
c. Transverse humeral ligament
d. Coraco-acromial arch
14. In intramembranous ossification, bones are developed directly from
a. Cartilage
b. Mesenchyme
c. Fascia
d. Synovium
15. The shaft of bones are known as
a. Metaphysis
b. Epiphysis
c. Diaphysis
d. Epiphyseal plate
16. The epiphyseal plate between the growing ends of bone is a type of
a. Hyaline cartilage
b. Fibrocartilage
c. Articular cartilage
d. Elastic cartilage
17. The articular cartilage covering the ends of bones is a type of
a. Hyaline cartilage
b. Fibrocartilage
c. Elastic cartilage
d. Fibroelastic cartilage
18. Which of the following is needed for bone healing?
a. Cartilage
b. Periosteum
c. Epiphyseal plate
d. Perichondrium
19. Joints found in the midline of the body are usually
a. Cartilaginous joints
b. Fibrous joints
c. Synovial joints
d. A and B
20. Which of the following joints is highly movable
a. Cartilaginous joints
b. Synovial joints
c. Fibrous joints
d. A and B
21. All the following are true EXCEPT:
a. The pectoralis minor is innervated by the medial pectoral nerve only
b. The pectoralis minor is deep to the pectoralis major
c. The pectoralis minor is innervated by both medial and lateral pectoral nerves
d. The pectoralis major is innervated by both medial and lateral pectoral nerves
22. One of the following muscles does not take part in formation of the rotator cuff
a. Teres minor
b. Supraspinatus
c. Subscapularis
d. Infraspinatus
e. Teres major
23. Which of the following ribs coincides with the sternal angle?
a. 1st rib
b. 2nd rib
c. 3rd rib
d. 4th rib
24. Increase in the size of a cell is known as
a. Hyperplasia
b. Hypertrophy
c. Dysplasia
d. Anaplasia
25. Concerning the breast the following are true EXCEPT
a. The base of the breast extends from the 2nd to the 6th rib in the mid-clavicular line
b. The breast varies in size depending on the physiological state of the woman
c. The suspensory ligament of Astley Cooper is responsible for the protrusion of the breast
d. The axillary tail of Spence is located in the upper lateral quadrant
e. None of the above
26. Which of the following muscles is known to be a strong protractor of the scapula
a. Serratus anterior
b. Pectoralis major
c. Pectoralis minor
d. Latissimus dorsi
27. Which of the following muscles does the musculocutaneous nerve pierce through
a. Brachialis
b. Biceps brachii
c. Coracobrachialis
d. Triceps brachii
28. Which of the following structures will be endangered in an injury at the cubital fossa
a. Median nerve
b. Brachial artery
c. Musculocutaneous nerve
d. A and B
e. A and C
29. The tingling sensation felt at the elbow when it is accidentally hit against an object is due
to
a. The ulnar nerve
b. The radial nerve
c. The musculocutaneous nerve
d. The biceps brachii
30. The following muscles can the located in the superficial compartment
of the forearm except
a. Pronator teres
b. Flexor carpi radialis
c. Palmaris longus
d. Flexor digitorum superficialis
31. The palmar aponeurosis is formed by the tendon of which of the following muscles?
a. Biceps brachii
b. Pronator teres
c. Flexor carpi ulnaris
d. Palmaris longus
32. Which of the following is known as the common flexor tendon
a. Lateral epicondyle
b. Medial epicondyle
c. Lateral malleolus
d. Medial malleolus
33. How many pronator muscles are found in the anterior compartment of the forearm?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
34. Which of the following tendons form the boundaries of the anatomical snuffbox?
a. Extensor pollicis longus tendon
b. Extensor pollicis brevis tendon
c. Abductor pollics longus tendon
d. A and B only
e. A, B and C
35. Which of the following can be found in the anatomical snuffbox
a. Ulnar nerve
b. Median nerve
c. Ulnar artery
d. Radial artery
e. Radial nerve
36. The pectoralis minor originates from which of the following
a. Clavicle
b. 4th to 6th ribs
c. 3rd to 7th ribs
d. 3rd to 5th ribs
37. Which nerve is most likely damaged, and which clinical sign will result in mid-shaft
fracture of the right humerus?
a. Median nerve, benediction sign
b. Ulnar nerve, wrist drop
c. Radial nerve, benediction sign
d. Radial nerve, wrist drop
e. Median nerve, benediction sign
38. Which of these muscles is an example of bipennate muscle?
a) Flexor pollicis longus
b) Dorsal interrossei
c) Deltoid
d) Rhomboid major
e) Sternothyroid
A 26 year old girl, riding a pillion on a motorcycle, was involved in an accident. The
motorcycle hit a motor vehicle that crossed it. The driver was instantly killed; the girl was
thrown about 15 feet and landed on the left shoulder and the left side of the head, excessively
separating the head from the shoulder. She also suffered fracture of the humerus in the mid-
shaft region. After hospitalization for 3 weeks, it was noticed that she kept her left arm
internally rotated by her side with the left forearm pronated. When she pushes her left hand
against a wall the medial border of the left scapula is prominent.
39. Which part of the brachial plexus has been damaged?
a. Upper trunk of the brachial plexus
b. The posterior division of the brachial plexus
c. Lateral cord of the brachial plexus
d. C5 and 8 roots of the brachial plexus
e. C8 and T1 roots of the brachial plexus
40. Based on the deformity of the left upper limb, which of these branches of the plexus are
mostly affected?
a. Suprascapular nerve, nerve to subclavius, musculocutaneous nerves, and axillary nerves
b. Thoracodorsal nerve, radial nerve, subscapular and suprascapular nerve
c. Median nerve, axillary nerve,radial nerve
d. Ulnar nerve, musculocutaneous nerve, upper and lower subscapular nerves
41. What is the name given to the deformity of the limb hanging by the side, the forearm
extended, medially rotated and pronated?
a. klumpke’s palsy
b. Erb’s palsy
c. Hunter’s palsy
d. Duchenne palsy
42. After a forceps delivery of a male infant, the baby presents with his left upper limb
adducted, internally rotated and flexed at the wrist. Which part of the brachial plexus was
most likely injured during this delivery?
a. Lateral cord
b. Medial cord
c. Roots of the lower trunk
d. Roots of the middle trunk
e. Roots of upper trunk
43. A patient claims to have a Klumpke’s palsy injury that affected only the medial cord of
the brachial plexus. In what areas of the hand would this patient retain cutaneous sensation
after this injury?

a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. Patient would not retain cutaneous sensation in any area of the hand
e. Patient would feel pains in the bones
44. The commonest sports injury is
a) Head injuries
b) Upper limb fractures
c) Abdominal injuries
d) Hip fractures
e) Disclocations and ligament injuries
45. The radial three and a half of the palmar surface of the hand is innervated by the…
a. Ulnar nerve
b. Radial nerve
c. Median nerve
d. Musculocutaneous nerve
e. Intercostobrachial nerve
46. Which part of the bone below is the medial epicondyle?

a. F
b. J
c. H
d. K
e. G
47. Which of the following statements is not true?
a. The scaphoid bone has a retrograde blood supply
b. The superior radio-ulna joint belongs to the pivot type of synovial joint
c. The nerve to the subclavius is a branch arising from the upper trunk of the brachial plexus.
d. The posterior circumflex humoral artery is related to the surgical neck of the humerus bone
and does take part in the scapular
e. The 2nd lumbrical muscle may be described as unipinnate
48. Which part of the bone is the pedicel?

a. G
b. A
c. E
d. I
e. D
49. Which part represents the lamina?
a. G
b. A
c. E
d. I
e. D
50. Fewer than 10% of brachial plexus injuries result in permanent dysfunction. Sometimes damage
to the nerve supply does not resolve naturally or with the aid of physical therapy. Five years later,
what clinical symptoms might a client with Erb’s palsy display throughout adulthood in the
arm/hand?
51. As she fell from the uneven parallel bars, the 17 year old female gymnist grasped
the lower bar with one hand but then fell painfully on the floor. An MRI
examination reveals an injury to the medial cord of the brachial plexus. Which of
the following nerve levels would be affected?
a. C5, C6
b. C8, T1
c. C6, C7
d. C7, C8
e. C7, C8, T1

3. I. List four characteristic features of synovial joints. [4 marks]

II. List 3 types of synovial joints and explain briefly the features of each. [8 marks]
4. A. Describe the anatomy of the CUBITAL FOSSA with regards to its boundaries and
content. [8 marks]
5. A young man comes to you with a history of having fallen on the outstretched
hand and has wrist pains. On examination you find that pressure applied at the
anatomical snuffbox elicits severe pain. You suspect a fracture and therefore
order an x-ray of the wrist. Use this information to answer questions below
a. Which bone is most likely to show a fracture in this case?
b. If this were a long standing case what most likely would have happened to
the proximal fragment of the fractured bone and why?
 ANSWERS
1. B 2. D 3. Montgomery’s tubercles
4. A 5. B 6. D
7. D 8. A 9. B
10. A 11. B 12. A
13. D 14. B 15. C
16. A 17. A 18. B
19. A 20. B 21. C
22. E 23. B 24. B
25. B 26. A 27. C
28. D 29. A 30. D
31. D 32. B 33. B
34. E 35. D 36. D
37. D 38. B 39. D
40. B 41. B 42. E
43. C 44. E 45. C
46. E 47. B 48. E
49. D 50. B 51. B

3. I. Four characteristics of synovial joints

- Presence of a fibrous joint capsule
- Presence of a synovial membrane
- Presence of ligament surrounding and reinforcing joint capsule
- Articular surface of bones are surrounded by hyaline cartilage
II. a. Saddle joint: Articulating bones form a concavo-convex shape at the region of
articulation. This type of joint allows movement in two planes (biaxial). An example of this
type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint.
b. Ball and socket joint: As the name suggests, one bone acts as a socket to articulate with
the articulating ball shaped surface of the other bone. This type of joint allows movement in
multi planes (multiaxial). An example of this joint is the shoulder joint.
c. Gliding joint: In this joint, one of the articulating bones permits the sliding over of the
other articulating bone(s) along any plane. An example if this type of joint can be seen
between the carpal bones.
4. The cubital fossa is shallow depression formed on the anterior aspects of the elbow joints.
It is triangular in shape. Its boundaries include: the brachioradialis (laterally), the pronator
teres (medially) and the imaginary line that joins the medial epicondyle to the lateral
epicondyle (superiorly). The contents of the cubital fossa include: the median nerve, the
superficial branch of the radial nerve, the branchial artery and its branches (radial and ulnar
arteries), brachial vein and its branches (radial and ulnar veins) and the tendon of the biceps
brachi muscle.
5. a. The Scaphoid bone
b. there would be bone tissue necrosis of the proximal fragment. This is because the
fracture to the scaphoid would stop blood supply to the scaphoid proximally. However the
distal part of the scaphoid would still have blood flowing to it from the palmar arteries. Long
cases thus result in death of the proximal fragment.