IT Skills Lab VIVA Questions

IST YEAR DIPLOMA

FOR ALL BRANCHES

Prepared by
Subhash J R
1.What is a Computer Program?
-computer program is a collection of statements written to do some tasks in computing environment.

2. What is a software?
- A software is collection of sub routines(statements) that performs some tasks in a
computer machine/mobile/any such smart devices.

3. what is an algorithm?
Flow of task (execution of project) written in step wise refinement manner.

4. Define Flowchart
Pictorial/ Diagrammatical representation of an algorithm is termed as Flowchart.
Some geometric symbols used in flow chart are as follows

Symbol Role played in Flowchart

The Oval / terminator symbol represents the starting or ending point
of the system.

Parallelogram Symbol is used to represent I/O Statements

and Declaration Statement.

Process
Rectangle Symbol is used to write assignment/processing statements.

Rhombus symbol is used for control construct Statements such as

if and while.
A diamond represents a decision or branching point. Lines coming out from the
diamond indicates different possible situations, leading to different sub-processes.

Connector used in case of Page breaks

 On-Page Reference - It indicates that the flow continues on a
matching symbol containing the same letter somewhere else on the same
page.

Off-Page Reference - This symbol would contain a letter inside

It indicates that the flow continues on a matching symbol containing the
same letter somewhere else on a different page

Hexagon is used to indicate cyclic statement

–( for loop).

Flow / Arrow - Lines represent the flow of the sequence and direction of a process.

5. Tell me about MIT-Scratch

Scratch is a block-based visual programming language and website targeted primarily at children
8-16 as an educational tool for coding. Users of the site can create projects on the web using a
block-like interface.
Scratch is a free programming language and online community where you can create your own
interactive stories, games, and animations.

6. Name the categories of Programming blocks used in scratch

Below show the categories of programming blocks
1. Motion 2. Looks 3. Sound 4. Events 5. Control 6. Sensing 7. Operators 8. Variables
9. My Blocks

7. which web address is used to access the scratch cloud to create our own interactive stories, games, and
animations.
https://Scratch.mit.edu

8. What is a backdrop in MIT Scratch?

-from this backdrop we can choose background to our work.

9. what is Sprite?
A Sprite is an object in our project controlled by our scripts.
Sprite gives us so many inbuilt characters which we can use in our work.
10. what is a script in Scratch?
Script is a graphical codes present in all 9 categories (question 6)
Example:

11. Tell me about MIT Appinventor

To start developing our app we need to open App Inventor and create a new project.
Go to the App Inventor website: http://appinventor.mit.edu/explore/

12.what is code area?

Code Area: It is where you will build your scripts

13. Tell me about MIT Android cloud

We can build an application using code block present in an inbuilt drawers and run the application
in an android mobile phone by installing an interface app called MIT AI2 Companion

Example:

14. What is a Code block(Block) In AndriodAppinventor

Codes are inbuilt graphical stubs used to create our work, here codes are event driven graphical
modules.

15. How to test your android project

Open MIT AI2 Companion app in your phone and scan the QR Code or enter the 6-digit
code to test the project .

16. what is a component in andriodappinventor

Component is any objects or tools used in our work area example:

17. What is a webpage?

A webpage is a specific collection of information provided by a website via web browser.

18. Tell me about HTML

HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language HTML is the standard markup language for
creating web page displayed on the web browser, HTML describes the webpage structure with the
proper usage of tags/HTML Elements.

19. What is an HTML Element?

An HTML element is defined by a start tag to the end tag:

Example: <tagname>
Body
</tagname>

20. tell me about first 10 HTML tags

<html>….</html> the root element

<head>…..</head> the document head
<title>…..</title> the page title
<body>….</body> the web page content(information)
<h1>….</h1> A section heading
<p>…….</p> A paragraph
<a>……</a> A link
<img> An image
<div>…..</div> A block level container for content
<span>…..</span> An inline container for content

21. Name the font formatting tags

<b> text to be converted to bold.</b>-bold
<i> text </i> italics
<u> text </u> underline
<strong> text </strong> important text
<mark> text </mark> marked text
_text subscript text
^text superscript text
Etc..
22. Name the attributes of body tag
bgcolor ,background,alink,text,onblur etc..

23. Name the attibutes of table tag

border, cellpadding, cellspacing,width etc..

24. Name the attributes of font tag

Color, size, face

25. Tell me about ol and ul

Ol tag refers to Ordered list
listing of data/information with numericals
Ordered list example:
<ol>
<li>….<li>
<li>…..</li>
</ol>

Unordered list example: Lists the contents as dotted bulletins

<ul>
<li>……</li>
<li>….</li>
</ul>
Lists the contents non numerically(dotted bulletins list)

26. which are the attributes of img tag?

Source,Width, height

27. How to change the direction of text in marquee tag?

<marquee> text </marquee> in this line text moves from right to left(default)
<marquee direction=right> text <marquee> now text moves from left to right.

28. Tell me about <center> tag

This tags makes the content to appear on the center of webpage

29. What is URL?

URL is abbreviated as Uniform Resource Locater- it is also called the address bar in the
webpage.

30. Tell me about CSS

CSS is the language we use to style a webpage, CSS stands for cascading Style Sheet describes
how HTML elements are to be displayed on screen, it can control the structure and layouts of
several web pages at a time.
31. Syntax of CSS to set the background color of webpage cyan
body
{
Background-color: cyan;
}

32. What is Hyperlink

HTML links are hyperlinks, we can click on a link and navigate to another document linked
Syntax: <a href=”url”>
Here <a> tag refers to anchor tag ,href refers to hyperlink reference and url means path of
the file to be appear after the link is clicked.

33. what is no break space in HTML

It has an acronym: nbsp used with the symbol ‘&’
This will leave a blank space on our webpage: &nbsp.

34. Abbrevate the following(extensions for an image)

.jpeg-Joint Photographic Expert Group
.png- Portable Network Graphics
.bmp- Bitmap

35. Name the tag used to style a webpage

<style>

36. what does <hr> tag refers to

<hr> tag is used to draw horizontal line on the webpage

37. what is the purpose of <br> tag

<br> tag refers to break – to insert blank line below the current line this tag is used also called as
line break.

38. Name the tag used to write javascript

<script>

39. how many types of webpages are their?

There are 2 types of webpages they are static and dynamic webpages

40. What is the differences between static and dynamic webpages

In static webpages, pages will remain the same until someone changes it manually.
Where as dynamic web page contents (pages) are different for different users or webpage visitors.

41. What is Sequence Diagram?

A sequence diagram simply depicts interaction between objects in a sequential order i.e. the order
in which the interactions take place, it is sometimes called as work flow or event diagrams.
42. List the types of messages used in sequence diagrams
1. synchronous messages
2. Asynchronous messages
3. reply/return
4. self message

43. which url is used to create sequence diagram

https://sequencediagram.org

44. what is a google drive?

A memory space provided to all google users by google company to store and access our files in
one secure place.

45. Tell me about google docs

Any google user can create, edit any document(word),sheet(excel),slides(powerpoint
presentations), and collaborate with others on documents from our android phones or tabs with
these google apps. Now a days we don’t need to download Ms-office to create all these files, we
can use google cloud to create all such files.

46. Tell me about google colab

Colab means colaboratory
Colab notebooks allows us to combine executable code (python scripts/programs) and rich in text
in a single document along with images, HTML and more.

47. What is ERP

ERP- refers to Enterprise Resource Planning
ERP is everything that runs in an organization, it is like to look after Research and development
and manufacturing team, Operations team, quality Assurance team marketing/business team and
managing the resources and everything to run the organization smoothly.

48. Tellme about bitrix24?

Bitrix24 launched a one stop solution for all the processes to be carried out in an industry
A manager can control every entity from this platform, create teams, add them to our network,
assign tasks along with deadline to complete the task, assign a responsible person until the job is
done, appreciate any team member give suggestions to control the work flow communicate
collaborate with all the employees of an organization.

49. What is IoT

Internet Of Things, or IoT, refers to a whole network of physical devices around the world that are
connected over the internet, capable of collecting and sharing data. These devices are usually
called smart devices, as they can process data and use artificial intelligence to perform
predetermined functions.
50. list some of the Applications of IoT
All our phones are IoT enabled. The moment we use smart devices like google voice assistant,
Amazon echo, alexa and apple’s Siri, they can control several other appliances which we use in
our daily life such as IoT is used to set alarms automatically based on road traffic patterns between
home to our office/school/colleges, access weather conditions and prepone the alarm time and
wakes us earlier than the regular so that we could not reach the premises late, in house devices to
play music, controls the speed of Fan, Air conditioners, Refrigerators, televisions, camera and
security systems and even lights(smart bulb and plug) can be controlled through voice.

51. What is a computer Virus?

Virus is abbreviated as Vital Information Resource Under Seize, A computer virus is a program/
malicious code written to alter the way a computer operates and is designed to spread from one
computer to another.

52. What is Antivirus Software?

Antivirus software (abbreviated to AV software) also known as anti-malware, is a computer
program used to prevent, detect and remove malware.

53. What is a Trojan Horse?

A Trojan Horse ia any malware which misleads users of its true intent. The term is derived from
the ancient greek story of the deceptive Trojan horse that led to fall of the city of Troy.

54. What is phishing?

It is a kind of attack to the computer system by sending a Trojan to your computer by any means
of freewares, one can hack your email Id access entire contents of your system and reset your
password, Hacker may ask you to give login credentials such as OTP, he may convince us that
he/she(hacker) belongs to some department and won some amount of rupees(currency) to get the
currency enter some details such queries you may get and they may brainstorms us to get what
they what and mislead us sometimes and collects all security credentials and misuses our account.
This is sometimes called as phishing.

55. What is DDoS?

DDoS stands for Distributed Denial of Service, A cyber-attack on a specific server or network
with the intended purpose of disrupting normal operation.

56. What is Botnet?

Botnet refers to an army of infected computers to do a DDoS attack all over the world.

57. What is Man-in-the-middle-attack

Refers to unencrypted communication, insufficient encryption makes users vulnerable in man-in-
the-middle-attacks, transport layer security (TLS)cryptographic protocol allows client server
application to communicate across network, Hacker takes your unencrypted data and misuses it.
Hacker may have installed a free Wi-Fi and he is watching all the senders packet using network
sniffer tool and gather all the information from user’s computer.
58. What is spamming?
Sending junk email sent in bulk by email, most email spam messages are commercial in nature.
Whether commercial or not, many are not annoying, but also dangerous because they may contain
links that lead to phishing web sites or sites that are hosting malware or include malware as file
attachments. Spammers collect email addresses from chat rooms, websites, customer lists,
newsgroups and viruses that harvest users address books. These collected email addresses are
sometimes also sold to other spammers.

59. what does S stands for in HTTPS?

S referred from the term SSL - stands for Secure Socket Layer Protocol ensures that the
data/message sharing with the network is locked and cannot be read by any
attacker/spammer/hacker, the information is safe when our browsers opens the link with the
protocol HTTPS://
If there is no S then any attacker may get our unencrypted data which are also called as unsecure
sites opened with this protocol HTTP://

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