සියලුම හිමිකම්ඇවිරිණි [All Rights Reserved] AL/2023/04-S-I-II

028 මමම ප්‍රශ්න පත්‍රය නිසි අවසරයකින් ම ොරව මුද්‍රි ව ම ෝ පිටපත් මකොට බා ගැනීම සපුරා නම්

MODEL PAPER 07 – ESSAY

Use of calculators is not allowed

g = 10Nkg −1

PART B
Answer only 4 questions.
5.
a) (i) Write down Newton’s law related to momentum.
(ii) Explain the difference between momentum and impulse.
b) A solid sphere of mass m1 is moving with a velocity V on a smooth surface as shown in the
figure. Then it collides with an identical sphere of mass m2 which is at rest. After the
collision the initial sphere deviate 900 from its path and move with a speed of V/2.

(i) Give expressions for V1 and V2 which are components of velocity of m2 after collision.
(ii) If m1 = 2m2, find V1 and V2 using V.
(iii) Find the magnitude and direction of velocity of sphere m2 after collision.
(iv) Give an expression for magnitude of impulse created on m2 due to collision
(v) If m1=1kg, V=10ms-1 and duration of collision is 0.2s, find the magnitude of interaction
between spheres due to collision.

c) Billiard can be identified as a practical instance

hole
where the above theory is used. Here to hit coloured
balls a white ball is used. All balls are of mass 250g
each. Consider collisions between balls completely
elastic.

Coloured ball

White ball
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සියලුම හිමිකම්ඇවිරිණි [All Rights Reserved] AL/2023/04-S-I-II

(i) Competitor expects to put the coloured ball into the hole by hitting with the white ball. But
according to game rules, if the white ball also falls into the hole with the coloured ball the
opponent wins. The coefficient of friction of billiard board is 0.1. To fall into the hole,
what is the minimum speed of the coloured ball needed? (assume the ball doesn’t roll)
(ii) To win the game what is the minimum speed that could be given to the white ball along
the axis? (the gap between the balls is negligible relative to gap between balls and the
hole)
(iii) Calculate the minimum impulse that competitor should give to the white ball using billiard
stick.
(iv) Calculate the minimum force if the duration of collision is 0.1s.
(v) What is expected by applying a powder to the end of stick in billiard game?

6. There are different types of seismic waves and they travel in different ways. The main 2 types of
waves are body waves and surface waves. Body waves emitted by an earthquake reach quicker
than surface waves. Body waves can be divided into 2 parts. Surface waves which travel through
crust of the earth have lower frequency than body waves and it also consist of 2 main types of
waves. Even though surface waves reaches after body waves, it’s completely responsible for the
damage done by an earthquake. The most famous scale used to measure magnitude of an
earthquake is Richter scale. When the Richter value of an earthquake is less, its damage is also
less.
Tsunami can be stated as another disaster occurring due to earthquakes in the ocean bed. By this
earthquake earth plates at the ocean bed are displaced vertically. Due to vertical displacements
between two earth plates, energy is emitted in every direction. Therefore elliptic water waves are
created in areas where vertical displacement occurs. In these regions, water particles move with a
period of 10 seconds. Wave fronts created by water waves due to this expand throughout the
water surface. These water waves travel fast in deep sea and slowly in shallow sea. A tsunami
wave has lower amplitude in deep sea and higher amplitude in shallow sea. Therefore in deep
sea, height of the waves decreases and gap between waves increases. In shallow sea, height of
water waves increases and gap between waves decreases.

(i) What are the 3 main parts the interior of earth can be divided into?
(ii) How does a seismic wave form?
(iii) What are the 2 main types of body waves? Write 2 characteristics of each.
(iv) Name the 2 types of surface waves.
(v) Give an expression for reading of Richter scale R using intensity of wave of maximum
energy of an earthquake I and intensity of a wave with a standard energy of an earthquake
I0.
(vi) What is the reading of Richter scale of an earthquake with an intensity which is twice the
intensity of an earthquake with a Richter scale of 6?
(vii) Write 2 other instances which can affect a tsunami situation other than earthquake in
ocean.
(viii) Calculate the speed of tsunami waves separately taking gap between 2 adjacent crests of
2 water waves at deep sea as 88km and gap between 2 adjacent crests of 2 water waves in
shallow sea as 6km.

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සියලුම හිමිකම්ඇවිරිණි [All Rights Reserved] AL/2023/04-S-I-II

7. a) Give an expression for magnification of an optical instrument.

b) Draw a suitable ray diagram to show the final image of an astronomical telescope at least
distance of distinct vision (D).
c) Derive an expression for magnification for that adjustment.
d) Write a suitable equation for the apparent position of an object due to refraction.
e) The minimum angle subtended at the eye by an object to be observed is 1/ (1 minute). Find
the maximum distance from the eye an object of height 1cm should be kept to be observed.
(1/ = 0.002 rad)
f) A cable of diameter 1cm placed along the bed of a reservoir can be observed when eye is
kept just above the water level with a negligible height but cannot be observed when the eye
is raised slightly. If the refractive index of water is 4/3, find the depth of the reservoir.
g) An astronomical telescope made of 2 convex lenses of focal lengths 2cm and 40cm is
adjusted to create the final image of cable at the least distance of distinct vision when the
objective lens is kept in air near the water surface. Calculate the length of the instrument by
then.
h) Find the magnification of the final image. (D = 25cm)
i) A captain in a submarine at the deep sea sees a fish coming towards himself with a velocity
of 80ms-1. When the speed of submarine is 20ms-1, calculate the real velocity of fish.

nglass = 3/2 nwater = 4/3

8. Swimming pools have become a compulsory item in tourism hotels all over the world. In the
present day, such pools can be seen in huge houses as well. However to maintain such swimming
pools, a huge effort is needed. With the increment of technology, cleaning water, lighting of the
pool and water sports ensuring the safety of tourists have gone to a new dimension.
a) Given below is a modern technical system created to connect controlling of temperature of
water in swimming pool and light system of the pool.

A B

4m

5m

Here A and B are 2 large system of LED bulbs. One system of bulbs contain 8 identical
bulbs. Height of one system is 4m.

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සියලුම හිමිකම්ඇවිරිණි [All Rights Reserved] AL/2023/04-S-I-II

In this LED bulb system which is controlled by a specific technical procedure, to light one
LED bulb correctly it should completely be covered by water. When the bulb is not
completely covered by water, it doesn’t light. From bottom to top, first 3 bulbs are green,
next 3 bulbs are blue and last 2 bulbs are red.
(i) In the beginning, 2 green bulbs are lighted in the swimming pool and the minimum
volume of water needed to light 3 bulbs is V0 and volume of water present in the pool
at the moment is V1. Considering the pool doesn’t expand, give an expression for the
needed increment of temperature of water in the pool using V0, V1 and which is
volume expansivity of water. (neglect expansion of tank)
(ii) Calculate the value of , considering V1 = 150m3 and volume expansivity of water
is 4 x 10-4 K-1.
(iii) Considering that pool doesn’t expand and initial temperature of water is 300C, show
using a suitable calculation that it’s not practical to only use varying the temperature
to just light 3 bulbs.
b) Adding clean water to the main swimming pool is done by 2 adjacent small pools. In another
instance when water is being cleaned, the main swimming pool of cross sectional area A has
water up to a height of H. adjacent pools of cross sectional areas a1 and a2 has water filled up
to a height of h1 and h2 respectively.
Consider that the total amount of cleaned water in small pools was sent to the main
swimming pool later.
Consider that the temperature of areas with and without water and walls of the pool is
uniform and walls of the pool have the same temperature as water. Consider height of a wall
of the pool is H0, linear expansivity of concrete is α and volume expansivity of water is γ.
(i) Give an expression for the volume of water in main swimming pool in the beginning
after water in small pools was added.
(ii) If the empty space in in the pool stays constant when the temperature of water is
increased by , give an expression for α using above (i).
(iii) Considering a1= 10m2, h1 = 5m, a2=20m2, h2 = 4m, H = 3m, H0 = 4m, A = 150m2 and
γ of water = 4 x 10-4 K-1, calculate the value of α for above (ii) to be correct.
(iv) Considering the real linear expansivity of concrete as 1.1 x 10-5 and = 100C, find
the apparent increase of volume of water in the pool.

c) As stated in above part a), 6 divers jump into the swimming pool to dive when water at 300C
is filled up to a height of 3.25m and volume of one diver is 5m3. Consider that the total
volume of man is in water when diving. (consider the swimming pool doesn’t expand and
volume expansivity of water is 4 x 10-4 K-1)
(i) Find the new height of water in the pool.
(ii) Considering the volume expansivity of divers is same as water and the density of
water doesn’t change due to them, calculate the increment of temperature of water
needed to light a red bulb.

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