HDMI Cable Radiated Emissions

© Altair Engineering, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential. All rights reserved.
RADIATED EMISSION AND SIGNAL INTEGRITY ANALYSIS OF PCBS AND

CABLE HARNESSES FOR CONSUMER ELECTRONICS APPLICATIONS
Smit Baua - Application Engineer. Jaehoon Kim - Application Engineer.

Agenda
• Background of Radiated Emissions

• HDMI cable connection and Operation
• Workflow to compute Radiated Emissions
• Step I – Calculate S-parameters of HDMI cable
• Step II – Obtain input wave form for the cable port
• Step III – Compute Radiated emissions from the cable
BACKGROUND
Radiated Emissions
Typical PCB and HDMI Cable Connection
• HDMI Cable= EMI source
HDMI Cable
Display
EMI source
PCB: HDMI Signal Generator
Technical Spec. for HDMI 1.0
• HDMI PinOut (Type A):

o 19 pins
o 3 Data lanes + 1 Clock lane for data trasnmission
Data lane
• HDMI Data rate #2
o Max data throuput: 4.95 Gbps <- 3 data lanes
• Data rate per lane: 1.65 Gbits/sec = 825MHz #1
1.212ns
#0
• Clock frequency = 165 MHz Clock lane

HDMI Operation
• EMI source: 3 Data lanes & Clock lane
Connector
Data 0: 825 MHz

MCU
Data 1: 825 MHz
Data 2: 825 MHz
Clock : 165 MHz

WORKFLOW
Workflow
1. Calculate “Input impedance at the cable port” (3D EM simulator, Feko)
Sparameters
2. Obtain “Input waveform at the cable port” (PCB analyzer, PollEx)
3. Simulate “Radiated emission from the cable” (3D EM simulator, Feko) Waveform
Signal
STEP I
Detailed Steps
Cable Types
• Supported Cable Types
• Non-conducting Element
• Single Conductor
• Ribbon
• Twisted Pair
• Coax
• Specified or Pre-Defined
• Cable Bundles
• Arbitrary Cross Sections
12
Cable Shields
• Braided
• Kley
• Vance
• Demoulin
• Tyni
• Solid Tubular
• Schelkunhoff
• User Defined
• Specify Shield Properties
13
Step 1: Feko’s Cable Analysis

Data lane #0
• Cable Modeling – Define Cable Path

Data lane #1
o Cable cross section

Data lane #2 Clock lane #2
o Cable length: 0.7 m

• Cable Modeling
SNP file extraction
o HDMI Cable Schematics
• Simulation Results: S parameter for Data lane #0
.SNP file
for PollEx
RE Simulation Workflow: Step 2

Step 1: Calculate “Input impedance at the cable port” (3D EM simulator, Feko)
S parameter
Step 2: Obtain “Input waveform at the cable port” (PCB SI analyzer, PollEx)
Step 3: Simulate “Radiated emission from the cable” (3D EM simulator, Feko)
Waveform
Signal
STEP II
Introduction of PollEx: PCB Analysis and Verification tool
DFM
Signal Integrity Power Integrity Thermal
PCB Analyzer
PCB Verification
DFE
DFA
ECADs
Steps for PollEx Simulation Demo
1. Importing PCB design file Connector
2. Settting for HDMI lines

1. MCU: Driving
• based on Electrical model (IBIS)
2. Connector: Receiving
• terminated by Cable’ S parameters
MCU
3. Running for Cable’s input waveform generation

1. HDMI 1.0: Data rate per lane = 1.65 Gbps
Step 2: PollEx SI Analysis
• Detailed Steps
1. Importing PCB design file Connector
2. Settting for HDMI lines

1. MCU: Driving
• including Electrical model (IBIS)
2. Connector: Receiving MCU
• terminated by Cable’ S parameters
3. Running for Cable’s input waveform generation

1. HDMI 1.0: Data rate per lane = 1.65 Gbps
HDMI Design Data (Imported) Connector
o HDMI Tx & Rx
• Tx: MCU – NXP4330
• Rx: HDMI Connector
o HDMI nets
• Date lane : 3 Differential nets MCU
• Clock lane: 1 Differential nets

• Setting for PCB analysis: Net Topology Analyzer

o MCU: HDMI Digital signal Driving
o HDMI connector: replaced by S parameter and terminated by 50 Ohm
o Waveform receiving at the input port of the S parameter.
Driving
Receiving
• Results : Cable’s input waveform

1. Sending Digital Data: 1.65 Gbps Driving signal
1.212ns
2. Driving signal @MCU output pin

• Fundamental frequency: 825 MHz
Receiving signal
.txt file
for Feko
3. Receiving waveform @cable input port
• Exported for Feko’s further simulations
RE Simulation Workflow: Step 3

Step 1: Calculate “Input impedance at the cable port” (3D EM simulator, Feko)
S parameter
Step 2: Obtain “Input waveform at the cable port” (PCB SI analyzer, PollEx)
Step 3: Simulate “Radiated emission from the cable” (3D EM simulator, Feko)
Waveform
Signal
STEP III
Detailed steps
Perform Time
Request for
Define excitations In PostFeko, define Domain Analysis and
NearFields or other
(voltage source) the time signal observe radiated
results
emissions
TIME ANALYSIS
Time Analysis
• All the Solvers in FEKO are Frequency Domain Methods, Except the
FDTD Solver
• Even with the FDTD Solver, the Model is Setup in Frequency Domain
• FEKO Will Internally Solve the Problem in Time Using the Modulated
Gaussian as the Input Pulse
• It is Always Possible to Convert/Transform the Frequency Domain

Results to Time Domain in POSTFEKO
• Specify the Input Time Pulse in POSTFEKO
• Automatic IFFT to Convert from Frequency to Time Domain

Available Input Time Signals in FEKO
30
Step 3: Feko’s Radiation Analysis
• Simulation Setup
1. Importing “Input wave from PollEx”
Time Domain
2. Request “Near-field distribution”

• Cylinder radius = 0.2 meter
0.825GHz
2.475 GHz
Frequency Domain
Step 3: Feko’s Radiation Analysis

• Simulation Results : Near field distributions
Fundamental frequency: 0.825 GHz Third harmonic: 2.475 GHz

THANK YOU!
https://www.altair.com/

HDMI Cable Radiated Emissions

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HDMI Cable Radiated Emissions

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© Altair Engineering, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential. All rights reserved.

RADIATED EMISSION AND SIGNAL INTEGRITY ANALYSIS OF PCBS AND

Smit Baua - Application Engineer. Jaehoon Kim - Application Engineer.

• Background of Radiated Emissions

Typical PCB and HDMI Cable Connection

• HDMI Cable= EMI source

Technical Spec. for HDMI 1.0

• HDMI PinOut (Type A):

• Clock frequency = 165 MHz Clock lane

• EMI source: 3 Data lanes & Clock lane

Data 0: 825 MHz

Data 2: 825 MHz

Clock : 165 MHz

1. Calculate “Input impedance at the cable port” (3D EM simulator, Feko)

• Arbitrary Cross Sections

Step 1: Feko’s Cable Analysis

• Cable Modeling – Define Cable Path

o Cable cross section

o Cable length: 0.7 m

Step 1: Feko’s Cable Analysis

Step 1: Feko’s Cable Analysis

• Simulation Results: S parameter for Data lane #0

RE Simulation Workflow: Step 2

Introduction of PollEx: PCB Analysis and Verification tool

Signal Integrity Power Integrity Thermal

Steps for PollEx Simulation Demo

1. Importing PCB design file Connector

2. Settting for HDMI lines

3. Running for Cable’s input waveform generation

Step 2: PollEx SI Analysis

2. Settting for HDMI lines

• terminated by Cable’ S parameters

3. Running for Cable’s input waveform generation

Step 2: PollEx SI Analysis

HDMI Design Data (Imported) Connector

• Clock lane: 1 Differential nets

Step 2: PollEx SI Analysis

• Setting for PCB analysis: Net Topology Analyzer

Step 2: PollEx SI Analysis

• Results : Cable’s input waveform

2. Driving signal @MCU output pin

RE Simulation Workflow: Step 3

• It is Always Possible to Convert/Transform the Frequency Domain

• Specify the Input Time Pulse in POSTFEKO

• Automatic IFFT to Convert from Frequency to Time Domain

Available Input Time Signals in FEKO

Step 3: Feko’s Radiation Analysis

2. Request “Near-field distribution”

Step 3: Feko’s Radiation Analysis

Fundamental frequency: 0.825 GHz Third harmonic: 2.475 GHz

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